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Kelly PJ, Ingram I, Deane FP, Baker AL, Byrne G, Degan T, Osborne B, Meyer JM, Townsend C, Nunes J, McKay JR, Robinson L, Nolan E, Palazzi K, Lunn J. Feasibility and preliminary results of a call centre delivered continuing care intervention following residential alcohol and other drug treatment. Drug Alcohol Rev 2023; 42:1395-1405. [PMID: 37248675 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To help reduce relapse rates following alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment, continuing care interventions have been recommended. Previous continuing care interventions have incorporated telephone and face-to-face sessions to help promote participant engagement. The study was conducted as a randomised controlled feasibility study and examined a call centre delivered continuing care intervention for people leaving residential rehabilitation services. METHODS Participants were attending AOD residential treatment services in NSW, Australia (N = 154). Participants were randomised to either 12- or 4-sessions of continuing care. Follow up assessments were completed at 6-months. The primary outcomes were demand and implementation. Secondary outcomes were AOD use, mental health and physical health at 6-months. RESULTS Interest in continuing care was high, with 93% of participants approached reporting an interest in being involved. Of the participants who completed the consent and baseline procedures, 29% of people were contacted post residential treatment and randomised. For those people randomised, the average number of sessions completed was 2.78 (SD = 1.65) for the 4-session arm and 4.81 (SD = 4.46) for the 12-session arm. Fidelity to the treatment manual was high. Both treatment arms showed higher complete abstinence at 6-months compared to baseline (12-session OR 28.57 [2.3, 353.8]; 4-session OR 28.11 [3.6, 221.2]). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS A major challenge associated with the call centre approach was re-engaging participants once they left the residential facility and delivering the planned dose of treatment. Further work is required to promote greater uptake of these protocols once people leave residential treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Kelly
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Isabella Ingram
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Frank P Deane
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Amanda L Baker
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | | | - Tayla Degan
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Briony Osborne
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Johanna M Meyer
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Camilla Townsend
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Jason Nunes
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | | | - Laura Robinson
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Erin Nolan
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
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Eldooma I, Maatoug M, Yousif M. Pharmaceutical Care Within Community Pharmacies: Tools Availability and Pharmacists' Views, Wad-Medani, Sudan. INTEGRATED PHARMACY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2023; 12:37-47. [PMID: 36818198 PMCID: PMC9930573 DOI: 10.2147/iprp.s399265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pharmaceutical Care (PhC) services within community pharmacies (CPs) have become a vital issue in many developed countries. Purpose This study assessed the availability of PhC tools and pharmacists' views towards PhC services within CPs in Sudan. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to August 2020 using a pretested self-administered questionnaire. The participants were 120 community pharmacists. Results Fifty-eight percent of respondents used to work in pharmacies near homes rather than within the marketplace. The study revealed that the overall tool availability of the assessed components and items was only 25% (Counselling areas 3%, Records 5%, Pharmacist identity 3%, Pharmacy phones 15%, Medical devices 38%, and Staff 29%). The result of pharmacists' views towards the PhC concept, roles, and responsibilities showed a high level of agreement, at 88%, with a statistically insignificant difference between participants. Conclusion Tools available within CPs were lower than required. However, pharmacists' views showed a high agreement level towards PhC concept roles and responsibilities. Community pharmacists, academic sectors, and regulatory authorities must start initiatives to improve the provision of PhC tools for better patient care service delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismaeil Eldooma
- National Health Insurance Fund. Planning, Research, and Information, Gezira State, Sudan
- Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan
| | - Maha Maatoug
- Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan
| | - Mirghani Yousif
- Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan
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Robinson LD, Deane FP. Substance Use Disorder and Anxiety, Depression, Eating Disorder, PTSD, and Phobia Comorbidities Among Individuals Attending Residential Substance Use Treatment Settings. J Dual Diagn 2022; 18:165-176. [PMID: 35790104 DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2022.2090648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Mental health comorbidities among individuals with a substance use disorder are common. This study provides an analysis of the prevalence, risk factors, and treatment outcomes (depression, anxiety and stress, and cravings) of individuals with comorbid depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive compulsive disorders (OCD), and/or eating disorders attending residential substance use treatment centers. Methods: Intake and three-month post-discharge assessments of 603 (69.3% men) people attending residential substance use treatment services were conducted using the Mental Health Screening Scale, Addiction Severity Index, Depression, Anxiety Stress Scale, and a cravings measure. Results: Anxiety disorders were common (94.5%), followed by depression (89.6%), PTSD (62.0%), OCD (33.7%), and eating disorders (21.4%). Nearly a quarter reported two comorbidities and 8.5% reported five comorbidities. Higher comorbidity levels were associated with having poorer mental health but not cravings at three-month post-discharge follow-up. Conclusions: Comorbidity is common and complex in presentations to residential substance use treatment settings. Higher levels of comorbidity are linked to poorer mental health, which remains over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D Robinson
- Centre for Health Psychology Practice and Research, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.,School of Psychology, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Frank P Deane
- Centre for Health Psychology Practice and Research, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.,School of Psychology, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
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Haynes CJ, Deane FP, Kelly PJ. Suicidal ideation predicted by changes experienced from pre-treatment to 3-month postdischarge from residential substance use disorder treatment. J Subst Abuse Treat 2021; 131:108542. [PMID: 34172341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) are at an elevated risk for suicide. Abstinence and drug-related treatment outcomes remain integral to SUD treatment, but recovery incorporates more than just the absence of substance use or mental illness and including positive mental health indices in assessment and treatment of suicidality is needed. AIMS The current study investigates the role of traditional indicators of recovery, as well as positive psychology constructs, in predicting suicidal ideation following residential SUD treatment. METHOD The study utilized a longitudinal design with baseline and 3-month postdischarge follow-up assessments of 791 individuals who attended residential SUD treatment in Australia. RESULTS Rates of suicidal ideation decreased from baseline to follow-up, and the magnitude of change in most indices was associated with suicidal ideation at follow-up assessment. In a hierarchical logistic regression, baseline suicidal ideation, as well as a reduction in psychological distress, increase in refusal self-efficacy, and increase in self-forgiveness, emerged as significant predictors of follow-up suicidal ideation. The final model correctly classified 98.8% of participants as not experiencing SI, and 8.7% of participants as experiencing SI at follow-up, resulting in a total predictive accuracy of 86.9%. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that changes in traditional recovery indices may facilitate reductions in suicidality. As a whole, changes in positive psychology indices did not add to the ability to predict suicidal ideation once traditional indices had been accounted for, but this does not preclude the importance of these indices to SUD treatment and suicide prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe J Haynes
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Australia.
| | - Frank P Deane
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Australia
| | - Peter J Kelly
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Australia
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Merinuk N, Varcoe SC, Kelly PJ, Robinson LD. The role of rash-impulsivity, emotional dysregulation and reward drive in comorbid disordered eating and substance use disorders. ADVANCES IN DUAL DIAGNOSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/add-01-2021-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
Substance use disorder (SUD) frequently co-occurs with other psychological conditions, such as eating disorders (EDs). Psychological factors such as emotional dysregulation, rash impulsivity (RI) and reward sensitivity (RS) play a role in the etiology of each disorder, yet little is known about the combined effects of these on comorbid SUDs and EDs or disordered eating behaviours (DEBs). This study aims to examine the role of these psychological factors in comorbid DEBs and SUDs among individuals in treatment for SUDs. The role of gender is tested as a moderator.
Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional self-report survey was completed by 131 participants attending Australian residential substance use treatment centres. A binomial logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the effects of emotional dysregulation, RI and RS on comorbid DEB and SUD. Further, moderation analyses were used to examine the moderating effect for gender on the relationship between these three personality variables and comorbidity.
Findings
The most commonly reported primary substance of use was alcohol (43.5%), followed by amphetamines (38.6%). Findings showed that emotional dysregulation and RI were significantly related to an increase in comorbidity likelihood; however, RS was not. Gender moderated the relationship between comorbidity and RI only.
Originality/value
The significant positive relationship found between RI and comorbidity for females only was a novel finding for the current study. Further research is needed to develop an understanding of the etiology of comorbidity.
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Predictors of consent and engagement to participate in telephone delivered continuing care following specialist residential alcohol and other drug treatment. Addict Behav 2021; 117:106840. [PMID: 33556669 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Although continuing care programs have been shown to improve alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment outcomes, uptake of continuing care has been low. The current study aimed to determine predictors of participants' who both re-confirmed consent to engage in telephone-based continuing care and commenced continuing care once they left residential AOD treatment. These participants had initially consented to partake in continuing care during the course of their residential stay. METHODS Participants were 391 individuals (232 males, 59% and 158 females, 40%) accessing therapeutic communities for AOD treatment provided by The Australian Salvation Army and We Help Ourselves (WHOS). Measures at baseline, collected during residential treatment, included demographics, primary substance of concern, abstinence goal, refusal self-efficacy, cravings for substances, mental health diagnoses, psychological distress, quality of life and feelings of loneliness. All measures were used as predictor variables to determine characteristics of participants who re-confirmed consent to engage in continuing care and commenced continuing care following residential AOD treatment. RESULTS Completing residential treatment, being unmarried, and higher levels of loneliness predicted re-confirmation of consent to participate in continuing care following discharge from residential treatment. Participants who were Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander were less likely to provide re-confirmation of consent. Participants were more likely to commence continuing care if they completed residential treatment, were older, and had longer years of substance use. CONCLUSIONS Tailoring continuing care programs to reach a broader array of individuals such as Indigenous populations and persons who exit treatment services early is needed to ensure these programs can reach all individuals who might need them.
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Zhang Y, Meng L, Zhang P, Tian X, Chen G, Li Y, Zhang Y, Xu Z, Wei Z, Zhang W, Ma L, Shi B, Liao L, Wang J. Intermediate-term results of a prospective, multicenter study on remote programming sacral neuromodulation for refractory overactive bladder. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:1966-1975. [PMID: 34159077 PMCID: PMC8185673 DOI: 10.21037/tau-21-43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel remote programming sacral neuromodulation (SNM) system (BetterStim system) in the treatment of patients with refractory overactive bladder (OAB) for 3 years. Methods A total of 8 centers in China enrolled 84 patients with OAB. Following test stimulation 70 patients underwent implantation using BetterStim. All patients returned for follow-up at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. After that, the visits were conducted by telephone. Outcomes of voiding diaries, the overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS), questionnaires regarding OAB-related quality of life (OAB-qol), and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated at each visit. The clinical therapeutic success was defined as ≥50% improvement from baseline in any of the voiding diary variables or average voids/day return to normal voiding (<8 voids/day). The analysis is a modified Completers analysis. Results At the 36-month follow-up, the success rate was 79% for overall OAB symptoms, 69% for urge urinary incontinence (UUI) and 42% for urgency frequency (UF). The average number of voids/day decreased from 29.2±14.9 at baseline to 17.6±11.2 at 3 years, the average volume/void increased from 94.7±54.2 to 151.4±80.8 mL, the urgency reduced from 3.0±1.4 to 1.8±1.7 (all P<0.001). For patients with urge incontinence, mean leaking episodes/day decreased from 8.1±7.6 at baseline to 2.1±3.5 at three years (P<0.05). The devices were explanted in 8 (11.4%) patients. There were no remote programming-related AEs or device-related serious AEs that occurred. Conclusions The Intermediate-term results demonstrated that BetterStim SNM system with remote programming is safe and effective for patients with refractory OAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoguang Zhang
- Urology Department, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing, China.,Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lingfeng Meng
- Urology Department, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing, China.,Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Urology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Tian
- Urology Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqing Chen
- Urology Department, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Urology Department, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Urology Department, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihui Xu
- Urology Department, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongqing Wei
- Urology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lulin Ma
- Urology Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Benkang Shi
- Urology Department, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Limin Liao
- Urology Department, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jianye Wang
- Urology Department, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing, China.,Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
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Kelly P, Deane F, Baker A, Byrne G, Degan T, Osborne B, Townsend C, McKay J, Robinson L, Oldmeadow C, Lawson K, Searles A, Lunn J. Study protocol the Continuing Care Project: a randomised controlled trial of a continuing care telephone intervention following residential substance dependence treatment. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:107. [PMID: 31992258 PMCID: PMC6986107 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8206-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A priority area in the field of substance dependence treatment is reducing the rates of relapse. Previous research has demonstrated that telephone delivered continuing care interventions are both clinically and cost effective when delivered as a component of outpatient treatment. This protocol describes a NSW Health funded study that assesses the effectiveness of delivering a telephone delivered continuing care intervention for people leaving residential substance treatment in Australia. METHODS/DESIGN All participants will be attending residential alcohol and other drug treatment provided by The Salvation Army or We Help Ourselves. The study will be conducted as a randomised controlled trial, where participants will be randomised to one of three treatment arms. The treatment arms will be: (i) 12-session continuing care telephone intervention; (ii) 4-session continuing care telephone intervention, or (iii) continuing care plan only. Baseline assessment batteries and development of the participants' continuing care plan will be completed prior to participants being randomised to a treatment condition. Research staff blind to the treatment condition will complete follow-up assessments with participants at 3-months and 6-months after they have been discharged from their residential service. DISCUSSION This study will provide comprehensive data on the effect of delivering the continuing care intervention for people exiting residential alcohol and other drug treatment. If shown to be effective, this intervention can be disseminated to improve the rates of relapse among people leaving residential alcohol and other drug treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12618001231235. Registered on 23rd July 2018. https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=375621&isReview=true.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kelly
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia. .,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia.
| | - Frank Deane
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - Amanda Baker
- University of Newcastle, University Drive, School of Medicine and Public Health, Callaghan, New South Wales, 2308, Australia
| | - Gerard Byrne
- The Salvation Army, Chalmers Street, Redfern, New South Wales, 2016, Australia
| | - Tayla Degan
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - Briony Osborne
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - Camilla Townsend
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - James McKay
- University of Pennsylvania, Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Laura Robinson
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - Christopher Oldmeadow
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, New South, Wales, 2305, Australia
| | - Kenny Lawson
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, New South, Wales, 2305, Australia
| | - Andrew Searles
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, New South, Wales, 2305, Australia
| | - Joanne Lunn
- We Help Ourselves, Rozelle, New South Wales, 2039, Australia
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Degan TJ, Kelly PJ, Robinson LD, Deane FP. Health literacy in substance use disorder treatment: A latent profile analysis. J Subst Abuse Treat 2019; 96:46-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Deane FP, Blackman R, Kelly PJ. Impact of early telephone contact on 3-month follow-up rates following residential drug and alcohol treatment: A randomized controlled trial. Subst Abus 2018; 40:154-159. [PMID: 30457934 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2018.1528494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Routine outcome monitoring (ROM) is an important component of service provision and qualitity assurance procedures. However, a major logistical and financial challenge for organizations is successfully following up participants once they have left residential alcohol and other drug treatment. The aim of the current study was to assess the impact and effectiveness of an "early" follow-up contact and brief interview on subsequent 3-month ROM follow-up success. Methods: Participants were 800 clients attending specialist residential alcohol and other drug treatment provided by The Salvation Army. As part of routine outcome assessment procedures, all people attending these programs are asked to complete a 3-month follow-up assessment. Participants were randomly allocated either to the early contact condition (i.e., "early" 2-week follow-up contact prior to the 3-month follow-up assessment) or to the control condition (i.e., no "early" 2-week follow-up prior to the 3-month follow-up assessment). The primary outcomes were the proportion of participants who were followed up and surveyed at 3 months. Results: There were significantly higher follow-up rates at 3 months post discharge for participants in the early contact group (55.6%) compared with the control condition (46.1%). Although there were higher rates of 3-month follow-up for participants in the early contact group, rates of successful survey completion were not significantly different between the 2 groups. Conclusions: Including an early 2-week telephone call prior to the 3-month assessment increased the number of participants we were able to follow up at 3 months post discharge but did not improve the rate of survey participation at 3 months. The additional costs associated with this activity and the modest increase in follow-up rates need to be considered prior to organizations investing in these follow-up enhancement activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank P Deane
- School of Psychology, Illawarra Institute for Mental Health, University of Wollongong , Wollongong , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Russell Blackman
- School of Psychology, Illawarra Institute for Mental Health, University of Wollongong , Wollongong , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Peter J Kelly
- School of Psychology, Illawarra Institute for Mental Health, University of Wollongong , Wollongong , New South Wales , Australia
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Feasibility of Using Short Message Service (SMS) to Collect Outcome Data in an Australian Residential Alcohol and Drug Treatment Service. ADDICTIVE DISORDERS & THEIR TREATMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1097/adt.0000000000000125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Hobden B, Bryant J, Carey M, Sanson-Fisher R, Oldmeadow C. Computer tablet or telephone? A randomised controlled trial exploring two methods of collecting data from drug and alcohol outpatients. Addict Behav 2017; 71:111-117. [PMID: 28327379 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both computerised and telephone surveys have potential advantages for research data collection. The current study aimed to determine the: (i) feasibility, (ii) acceptability, and (iii) cost per completed survey of computer tablet versus telephone data collection for clients attending an outpatient drug and alcohol treatment clinic. DESIGN Two-arm randomised controlled trial. METHOD Clients attending a drug and alcohol outpatient clinic in New South Wales, Australia, were randomised to complete a baseline survey via computer tablet in the clinic or via telephone interview within two weeks of their appointment. All participants completed a three-month follow-up survey via telephone. RESULTS Consent and completion rates for the baseline survey were significantly higher in the computer tablet condition. The time taken to complete the computer tablet survey was lower (11min) than the telephone condition (17min). There were no differences in the proportion of consenters or completed follow-up surveys between the two conditions at the 3-month follow-up. Acceptability was high across both modes of data collection. The cost of the computer tablet condition was $67.52 greater per completed survey than the telephone condition. CONCLUSION There is a trade-off between computer tablet and telephone data collection. While both data collection methods were acceptable to participants, the computer tablet condition resulted in higher consent and completion rates at baseline, therefore yielding greater external validity, and was quicker for participants to complete. Telephone data collection was however, more cost-effective. Researchers should carefully consider the mode of data collection that suits individual study needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanne Hobden
- Health Behaviour Research Group, HMRI Building, University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, and Hunter Medical Research Institute, HMRI Building, University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia.
| | - Jamie Bryant
- Health Behaviour Research Group, HMRI Building, University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, and Hunter Medical Research Institute, HMRI Building, University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Mariko Carey
- Health Behaviour Research Group, HMRI Building, University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, and Hunter Medical Research Institute, HMRI Building, University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Rob Sanson-Fisher
- Health Behaviour Research Group, HMRI Building, University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, and Hunter Medical Research Institute, HMRI Building, University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Christopher Oldmeadow
- Public Health Stream, Hunter Medical Research Institute, HMRI Building, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Newcastle, HMRI Building, New South Wales 2308, Australia
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McGaffin B, Deane FP, Kelly PJ. Community participation and mental health prior to treatment. ADVANCES IN DUAL DIAGNOSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1108/add-10-2016-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate Keyes’ (2007) model of mental health, the presence (flourishing) or absence (languishing) of social, emotional and psychological wellbeing, in the context of drug and alcohol misuse and the frequency and pattern of community participation (engaging in society).
Design/methodology/approach
Participants were 1,815 individuals (70 per cent male) who entered residential substance misuse treatment provided by The Salvation Army. Questionnaires were completed at intake assessments with The Salvation Army staff. The data were compared with population norms of community participation utilising t-tests, while multiple linear regression was used to examine continuous mental health.
Findings
Although participants have lower levels of community participation compared to Australian population norms, those participants who were experiencing flourishing mental health had higher rates of community participation than Australian norms. Keeping in touch with friends and family was the most common form of participation. Informal social connectedness and civic engagement were the strongest predictors of mental health over and above more traditional substance use outcomes such as cravings.
Originality/value
This is one of the first studies to describe the relationships between community participation, substance use and mental health in participants seeking treatment for substance misuse. Despite having a drug or alcohol addiction requiring treatment, those participants with flourishing mental health have higher levels of community participation than community norms. Furthermore, community participation predicts mental health. This offers promise for interventions that increase community participation but further research using longitudinal designs is needed to replicate and clarify the direction of these relationships.
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Smith D, Woodman R, Harvey P, Battersby M. Self-Perceived Distress and Impairment in Problem Gamblers: A Study of Pre- to Post-treatment Measurement Invariance. J Gambl Stud 2017; 32:1065-1078. [PMID: 26971101 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-016-9598-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Gambling help services typically evaluate treatment outcomes using self-reported responses and measurements. However, gamblers' conceptualisations and prioritisations with respect to these measurements may shift over time. Thus, changes in the self-reported responses may not always reflect true change in the individuals. This study investigated for response shift in self-report measures of psychological distress and impairment in 293 help-seeking problem gamblers. We used confirmatory factor analysis to model data structures from pre-treatment to post-treatment. The findings indicated that a response shift had occurred. Two items became less important and one item became more important in measuring psychological distress. Measurement invariance was achieved for the complete set of items for impairment. These findings provide a more in-depth understanding of the nature of self-report outcomes in otherwise routinely collected data.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Smith
- Flinders Human Behaviour and Health Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 2001, Australia.
| | - Richard Woodman
- Flinders Human Behaviour and Health Research Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 2001, Australia
| | - Peter Harvey
- Flinders Human Behaviour and Health Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 2001, Australia
| | - Malcolm Battersby
- Flinders Human Behaviour and Health Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 2001, Australia
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Field M, Di Lemma L, Christiansen P, Dickson J. Automatic avoidance tendencies for alcohol cues predict drinking after detoxification treatment in alcohol dependence. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2017; 31:171-179. [PMID: 27935726 PMCID: PMC5343749 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol dependence is characterized by conflict between approach and avoidance motivational orientations for alcohol that operate in automatic and controlled processes. This article describes the first study to investigate the predictive validity of these motivational orientations for relapse to drinking after discharge from alcohol detoxification treatment in alcohol-dependent patients. One hundred twenty alcohol-dependent patients who were nearing the end of inpatient detoxification treatment completed measures of self-reported (Approach and Avoidance of Alcohol Questionnaire; AAAQ) and automatic (modified Stimulus-Response Compatibility task) approach and avoidance motivational orientations for alcohol. Their drinking behavior was assessed via telephone follow-ups at 2, 4, and 6 months after discharge from treatment. Results indicated that, after controlling for the severity of alcohol dependence, strong automatic avoidance tendencies for alcohol cues were predictive of higher percentage of heavy drinking days (PHDD) at 4-month (β = 0.22, 95% CI [0.07, 0.43]) and 6-month (β = 0.22, 95% CI [0.01, 0.42]) follow-ups. We failed to replicate previous demonstrations of the predictive validity of approach subscales of the AAAQ for relapse to drinking, and there were no significant predictors of PHDD at 2-month follow-up. In conclusion, strong automatic avoidance tendencies predicted relapse to drinking after inpatient detoxification treatment, but automatic approach tendencies and self-reported approach and avoidance tendencies were not predictive in this study. Our results extend previous findings and help to resolve ambiguities with earlier studies that investigated the roles of automatic and controlled cognitive processes in recovery from alcohol dependence. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Ingram I, Kelly PJ, Deane FP, Baker AL, Lyons G, Blackman R. An Exploration of Smoking Among People Attending Residential Substance Abuse Treatment: Prevalence and Outcomes at Three Months Post-Discharge. J Dual Diagn 2017; 13:67-72. [PMID: 28129092 DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2017.1287456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Smoking continues to be a major health concern for people with a history of alcohol or other substance use problems. The current research is aimed to (1) describe the prevalence of smoking in residential addictions treatment services and (2) compare characteristics of people who had or had not quit smoking. METHODS Participants were attending residential substance abuse treatment provided by the Australian Salvation Army. These programs are up to 10 months in length and offer a range of low-intensity smoking cessation supports. Measures of smoking, substance use, and clinical characteristics were collected from 2008 to 2015 at baseline and three months post-discharge from treatment (N = 702). RESULTS At baseline, 86% of people were smokers (n = 606). At follow-up, only 48 participants who were smokers at baseline (7%) had quit smoking. Participants who had quit smoking at follow-up also reported higher rates of abstinence from alcohol or other substances at follow-up (72%) than people who had not quit smoking (46%; OR = 2.95, 95% CI [1.52, 5.74]). CONCLUSIONS There is potential for smoking cessation to be better addressed as part of routine care in substance abuse treatment settings. Future research should evaluate the provision of more systematic smoking cessation interventions within these settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Ingram
- a Illawarra Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Wollongong , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Peter J Kelly
- a Illawarra Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Wollongong , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Frank P Deane
- a Illawarra Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Wollongong , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Amanda L Baker
- b School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Geoff Lyons
- c Australian College of Applied Psychology , Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Russell Blackman
- a Illawarra Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Wollongong , New South Wales , Australia
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17
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Turner B, Deane FP. Length of stay as a predictor of reliable change in psychological recovery and well being following residential substance abuse treatment. THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1108/tc-09-2015-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
Longer length of stay (LOS) in residential alcohol and other drug treatment has been associated with more favourable outcomes, but the optimal duration has yet to be determined for reliable change indices. Optimal durations are likely to be a function of participant and problem characteristics. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether LOS in a residential therapeutic community for alcohol and other drug treatment community independently predicts reliable change across a range of psychological recovery and well-being measures.
Design/methodology/approach
In total, 380 clients from Australian Salvation Army residential alcohol and other drug treatment facilities were assessed at intake and three months post-discharge using the Addiction Severity Index 5th ed., The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, The Recovery Assessment Scale, the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form and The Life Engagement Test.
Findings
The findings confirm LOS as an independent predictor of reliable change on measures of well-being and client perceived assessment of recovery. The mean LOS that differentiated reliable change from no improvement was 37.37 days.
Originality/value
The finding of LOS as a predictor of reliable change and the identification of an estimated time requirement may be useful for residential drug treatment providers in modifying treatment durations.
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Mo C, Deane FP. Reductions in Craving and Negative Affect Predict 3-Month Post-Discharge Alcohol Use Following Residential Treatment. Int J Ment Health Addict 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-015-9626-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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