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Kaur C, Mishra Y, Kumar R, Singh G, Singh S, Mishra V, Tambuwala MM. Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and herbal medicine-based therapeutic implication of rheumatoid arthritis: an overview. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:1705-1720. [PMID: 38528307 PMCID: PMC11136810 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01445-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) stands as an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic joint inflammation, resulting in profound physiological alterations within the body. Affecting approximately 0.4-1.3% of the global population, this condition poses significant challenges as current therapeutic approaches primarily offer symptomatic relief, with the prospect of complete recovery remaining elusive. This review delves into the contemporary advancements in understanding the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and the therapeutic potential of herbal medicine in managing RA. Notably, early diagnosis during the initial stages emerges as the pivotal determinant for successful recovery post-treatment. Utilizing tools such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), anti-citrullinated peptide antibody markers, and radiography proves crucial in pinpointing the diagnosis of RA with precision. Unveiling the intricate pathophysiological mechanisms of RA has paved the way for innovative therapeutic interventions, incorporating plant extracts and isolated phytoconstituents. In the realm of pharmacological therapy for RA, specific disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs have showcased commendable efficacy. However, this conventional approach is not without its drawbacks, as it is often associated with various side effects. The integration of methodological strategies, encompassing both pharmacological and plant-based herbal therapies, presents a promising avenue for achieving substantive recovery. This integrated approach not only addresses the symptoms but also strives to tackle the underlying causes of RA, fostering a more comprehensive and sustainable path towards healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charanjit Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Yachana Mishra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Gurvinder Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhraj Singh
- Department of Food Civil Supply and Consumer Affairs, Amritsar, 143001, Punjab, India
| | - Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, England, UK.
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Jiang S, Li S, Pang S, Liu M, Sun H, Zhang N, Liu J. A systematic review: Sinomenine. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29976. [PMID: 38765107 PMCID: PMC11098800 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Sinomenine (SIN), an alkaloid derived from the traditional Chinese medicine, Caulis Sinomenii, has been used as an anti-inflammatory drug in China for over 30 years. With the continuous increase in research on the pharmacological mechanism of SIN, it has been found that, in addition to the typical rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment, SIN can be used as a potentially effective therapeutic drug for anti-tumour, anti-renal, and anti-nervous system diseases. By reviewing a large amount of literature and conducting a summary analysis of the literature pertaining to the pharmacological mechanism of SIN, we completed a review that focused on SIN, found that the current research is insufficient, and offered an outlook for future SIN development. We hope that this review will increase the public understanding of the pharmacological mechanisms of SIN, discover SIN research trial shortcomings, and promote the effective treatment of immune diseases, inflammation, and other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, PR China
- Sino-Pakistan Center on Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, 418000, PR China
| | - Shuang Li
- Sino-Pakistan Center on Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, 418000, PR China
- College Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province, 154000, PR China
| | - Siyuan Pang
- Hunan Zhengqing Pharmaceutical Company Group Ltd, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, 418000, PR China
| | - Mei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, 421001, PR China
| | - Huifeng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, PR China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, PR China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Sino-Pakistan Center on Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, 418000, PR China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, 421001, PR China
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410208, PR China
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3
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Wang S, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Huang J, Zhou Z, Liu Z. A review on pharmacokinetics of sinomenine and its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110227. [PMID: 37119677 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (ADs), with significant effects on morbidity and mortality, are a broad spectrum of disorders featured by body's immune responses being directed against its own tissues, resulting in chronic inflammation and tissue damage. Sinomenine (SIN) is an alkaloid isolated from the root and stem of Sinomenium acutum which is mainly used to treat pain, inflammation and immune disorders for centuries in China. Its potential anti-inflammatory role for treating immune-related disorders in experimental animal models and in some clinical applications have been reported widely, suggesting an inspiring application prospect of SIN. In this review, the pharmacokinetics, drug delivery systems, pharmacological mechanisms of action underlying the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of SIN, and the possibility of SIN as adjuvant to disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) therapy were summarized and evaluated. This paper aims to reveal the potential prospects and limitations of SIN in the treatment of inflammatory and immune diseases, and to provide ideas for compensating its limitations and reducing the side effects, and thus to make SIN better translate to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Wang
- Medical Department, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China; Honghu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Honghu 433299, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lvzhuo Zhang
- Medical Department, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yanhua Zhou
- Honghu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Honghu 433299, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiangrong Huang
- Medical Department, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China; Jingzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434020, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Zushan Zhou
- Medical Department, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China; Honghu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Honghu 433299, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Medical Department, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China.
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Lai WD, Wang S, You WT, Chen SJ, Wen JJ, Yuan CR, Zheng MJ, Jin Y, Yu J, Wen CP. Sinomenine regulates immune cell subsets: Potential neuro-immune intervene for precise treatment of chronic pain. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1041006. [PMID: 36619869 PMCID: PMC9813792 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1041006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is a disease of long-lasting pain with unpleasant feelings mediated by central and (or) peripheral sensitization, its duration usually lasts more than 3 months or longer than the expected recovery time. The patients with chronic pain are manifested with enhanced sensitivity to noxious and non-noxious stimuli. Due to an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms, patients are commonly insensitive to the treatment of first line analgesic medicine in clinic. Thus, the exploration of non-opioid-dependent analgesia are needed. Recent studies have shown that "sinomenine," the main active ingredient in the natural plant "sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehd. Et Wils," has a powerful inhibitory effect on chronic pain, but its underlying mechanism still needs to be further elucidated. A growing number of studies have shown that various immune cells such as T cells, B cells, macrophages, astrocytes and microglia, accompanied with the relative inflammatory factors and neuropeptides, are involved in the pathogenesis of chronic pain. Notably, the interaction of the immune system and sensory neurons is essential for the development of central and (or) peripheral sensitization, as well as the progression and maintenance of chronic pain. Based on the effects of sinomenine on immune cells and their subsets, this review mainly focused on describing the potential analgesic effects of sinomenine, with rationality of regulating the neuroimmune interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Dong Lai
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Song Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Ting You
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling, China
| | - Si-Jia Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Jun Wen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cun-Rui Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Jia Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Jie Yu, ; Cheng-Ping Wen,
| | - Cheng-Ping Wen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Jie Yu, ; Cheng-Ping Wen,
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Li Z, Mao JY, Zhou XH, Xu ZD. Network Pharmacological Investigation of Sinomenine Action Against Synovitis. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.1550.1559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gao F, Dai Z, Zhang T, Gu Y, Cai D, Lu M, Zhang Z, Zeng Q, Shang B, Xu B, Lei H. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel sinomenine derivatives as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent. RSC Adv 2022; 12:30001-30007. [PMID: 36321084 PMCID: PMC9582731 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05558a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sinomenine (SIN) has long been known as an anti-inflammatory drug, while poor efficiency and large-dose treatment had limited its further application. A series of novel SIN derivatives 1–26 were designed and synthesized to improve its anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory activity evaluation showed most of the derivatives exhibited enhanced anti-inflammatory activity in vitro compared to SIN. Compound 17 significantly inhibited LPS-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory factors NO (IC50 = 30.28 ± 1.70 μM), and suppressed the expression of iNOS, IL-6 and TNF-α in RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, compound 17 showed excellent anti-inflammatory in mouse paw edema. Immunohistochemistry results revealed that compound 17 exerted anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. Furthermore, compound 17 exhibited an analgesic effect in vivo. The results attained in this study indicated that compound 17 had the potential to be developed into an anti-inflammation and analgesic agent. A series of novel sinomenine derivatives were designed and synthesized. Among them, compound 17 showed strong anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102400China
| | - Ziqi Dai
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102400China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102400China
| | - Yuhao Gu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102400China
| | - Desheng Cai
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102400China
| | - Mingjun Lu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102400China
| | - Zijie Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102400China
| | - Qi Zeng
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102400China
| | - Bingxian Shang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102400China
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102400China
| | - Haimin Lei
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102400China
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7
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Jiang W, Tang M, Yang L, Zhao X, Gao J, Jiao Y, Li T, Tie C, Gao T, Han Y, Jiang JD. Analgesic Alkaloids Derived From Traditional Chinese Medicine in Pain Management. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:851508. [PMID: 35620295 PMCID: PMC9127080 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.851508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is one of the most prevalent health problems. The establishment of chronic pain is complex. Current medication for chronic pain mainly dependent on anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants and opioidergic drugs. However, they have limited therapeutic efficacy, and some even with severe side effects. We turned our interest into alkaloids separated from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), that usually act on multiple drug targets. In this article, we introduced the best-studied analgesic alkaloids derived from TCM, including tetrahydropalmatine, aloperine, oxysophocarpine, matrine, sinomenine, ligustrazine, evodiamine, brucine, tetrandrine, Stopholidine, and lappaconitine, focusing on their mechanisms and potential clinical applications. To better describe the mechanism of these alkaloids, we adopted the concept of drug-cloud (dCloud) theory. dCloud illustrated the full therapeutic spectrum of multitarget analgesics with two dimensions, which are “direct efficacy”, including inhibition of ion channels, activating γ-Aminobutyric Acid/opioid receptors, to suppress pain signal directly; and “background efficacy”, including reducing neuronal inflammation/oxidative stress, inhibition of glial cell activation, restoring the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, to cure the root causes of chronic pain. Empirical evidence showed drug combination is beneficial to 30–50% chronic pain patients. To promote the discovery of effective analgesic combinations, we introduced an ancient Chinese therapeutic regimen that combines herbal drugs with “Jun”, “Chen”, “Zuo”, and “Shi” properties. In dCloud, “Jun” drug acts directly on the major symptom of the disease; “Chen” drug generates major background effects; “Zuo” drug has salutary and supportive functions; and “Shi” drug facilitates drug delivery to the targeted tissue. Subsequently, using this concept, we interpreted the therapeutic effect of established analgesic compositions containing TCM derived analgesic alkaloids, which may contribute to the establishment of an alternative drug discovery model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Zhejiang Zhenyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, China
| | - Mingze Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Yang
- Zhejiang Zhenyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- First Clinical Division, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Jiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cai Tie
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safety Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, China.,School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tianle Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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8
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Huang F, Wong P, Li J, Lv Z, Xu L, Zhu G, He M, Luo Y. Osteoimmunology: The correlation between osteoclasts and the Th17/Treg balance in osteoporosis. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3591-3597. [PMID: 35633138 PMCID: PMC9258696 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a bone disease that is caused by disorder of the skeletal microenvironment, and it characterized by a high disability rate and the occurrence of low energy fractures. Studies on osteoporosis and related treatment options have always been hot spots in the field of bone biology. In the past, the understanding of osteoporosis has been rather limited; research has only shown that osteoporosis involves the imbalance of bone resorption and bone formation, and recent studies have not provided cutting‐edge theories of the basic understanding of osteoporosis. Recent studies have shown crosstalk between bone and immune responses. RANKL, an essential factor for osteoclasts (OCs), is associated with the immune system. T helper (Th17)/regulatory T (Treg) cells are two different kinds of T cells that can self‐interact and regulate the differentiation and formation of OCs. Therefore, understanding the correlation between the skeletal and immune systems and further revealing the roles and the cooperation between RANKL and the Th17/Treg balance will help to provide new insights for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Huang
- Department of Traumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Puiian Wong
- Department of Traumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinglan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangliang Xu
- Laboratory of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Genfu Zhu
- Institute of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mincong He
- Guangdong research institute for Orthopedics & Traumatology of Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Luo
- Department of Traumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Gandhi GR, Jothi G, Mohana T, Vasconcelos ABS, Montalvão MM, Hariharan G, Sridharan G, Kumar PM, Gurgel RQ, Li HB, Zhang J, Gan RY. Anti-inflammatory natural products as potential therapeutic agents of rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 93:153766. [PMID: 34624807 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease causing severe locomotor disability and deterioration in the quality of life. Existing treatments for RA mainly focus on the use of immunomodulators and the suppression of synovial inflammation, and many have significant side effects. Medicinal plants are regarded as important alternative sources for treating RA. PURPOSE This review summarizes the bioactive compounds of medicinal plants, which have been shown to modulate the immune response by regulating interleukins in vitro and in vivo experimental models, and that may be promising substances for use in the treatment of RA. METHODS Articles on natural products used for the management of arthritis were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science through electronic and manual search in English. In total, 576 publications were identified, and 34 were included in this systematic review. RESULTS Two articles presented findings on the role of natural components in the treatment of arthritis in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Nine reports defined the role of plant-derived natural molecules in the treatment of arthritis using cell lines, and 27 in vivo studies assessed the anti-arthritic efficacy and immunomodulation effects of phytoconstituents on interleukin production and inflammatory responses. CONCLUSION This systematic review broadly reports that, in contrast to other classes of phytochemicals, flavonoids have the greatest therapeutic potential against arthritis by modulating the expression of pro-inflammatory TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-17, as well as anti-inflammatory IL-2 and IL-10 cytokines, through the suppression of dynamic inflammatory biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalsamy Rajiv Gandhi
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 600103, China; Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento Campus, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-108, Brazil
| | - Gnanasekaran Jothi
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620005, India
| | - Thiruchenduran Mohana
- Department of Biochemistry, Madha Dental College and Hospital, Kundrathur, Chennai 600069, India
| | - Alan Bruno Silva Vasconcelos
- Postgraduate Program of Physiological Sciences (PROCFIS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Campus São Cristóvão, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Monalisa Martins Montalvão
- Postgraduate Program of Physiological Sciences (PROCFIS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Campus São Cristóvão, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Govindasamy Hariharan
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620005, India
| | - Gurunagarajan Sridharan
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620005, India
| | - Perumal Madan Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka 570020, India
| | - Ricardo Querioz Gurgel
- Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento Campus, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-108, Brazil
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 600103, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
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10
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Mu LH, Wang Q, Zhao JY, Liu P, Hu Y. Immunosuppressive activity of a cycloartane triterpene glycoside from Beesia calthaefolia by inhibiting T cell proliferation. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108349. [PMID: 34801419 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BC-1 is a cycloartane triterpene glycoside isolated from the whole plant of Beesia calthaefolia. Our recent studies proved that BC-1 inhibited proliferation of splenic lymphocyte and phagocytosis of macrophages, and inhibited the increased production of TNF-α and IL-1β. However, it lacks of study about the immunomodulatory effect of BC-1 on purified T lymphocytes. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the suppressive potentials of BC-1 on immune responses in vitro. BC-1 markedly suppressed anti-CD3/CD28 mAbs (mAbs) induced murine T lymphocytes proliferation, the expression levels of CD69 and CD25 of CD3+ T cells. BC-1 could strongly decrease ratio of CD4+/CD8+, decrease the Th1/Th2 cytokines production (IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10) of CD4+ T-cells. In addition, we studied signal transduction pathways about T-cell activation on puried murine CD4+ T lymphocytes by western-blot assay. The data revealed that BC-1 could inhibit the activation of JNK, ERK and PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathways. These results indicated that BC-1 possesses potential downregulating effect on the immune system and might be developed as an immunosuppressive agent in treatment of CD4+ T cell-mediated inflammatory and undesired immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Yuan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
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11
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Ma JL, Ji K, Shi LQ, Li NN, Wang LY, Dong SJ, Zhang YX, Wen SH, Liu XM, Wang Y, Luo JY. Sinomenine Attenuated Capsaicin-Induced Increase in Cough Sensitivity in Guinea Pigs by Inhibiting SOX5/TRPV1 Axis and Inflammatory Response. Front Physiol 2021; 12:629276. [PMID: 34421629 PMCID: PMC8375617 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.629276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic cough is a common complaint which affects a large number of patients worldwide. Increased cough sensitivity is a very important cause of chronic persistent cough. However, there are limited clinical diagnosis and treatment for increased cough sensitivity. Transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPVl) is a member of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of channels which is very closely associated with respiratory diseases. However, the mechanism through which TRPV1 that influences downstream events is still poorly understood. Results Capsaicin induced increase in cough sensitivity by upregulating the protein level of TRPV1, leading to the secretions of Substance P and neurokinin A which stimulated neurogenic inflammation. However, sinomenine, a component of traditional Chinese medicine, significantly attenuated the capsaicin-induced cough by inhibiting the expression of TRPV1 in guinea pigs. In addition, capsaicin increased the expression of SOX5 which mediated the transcriptional upregulation of TRPV1. However, pretreatment with sinomenine reduced the expression of SOX5. Conclusion These results indicate that capsaicin induced increase in cough sensitivity by activating neurogenic inflammation, while sinomenine attenuated the increase in cough sensitivity by inhibiting the expressions of SOX5 and TRPV1 in guinea pigs. This finding may provide a novel target for the treatment of aggravated cough sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ling Ma
- Department of Respiratory, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Ji
- Department of Respiratory, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Qing Shi
- Department of Respiratory, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Niu-Niu Li
- Department of Respiratory, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Yun Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shang-Juan Dong
- Department of Respiratory, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Xia Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shao-Hui Wen
- Department of Respiratory, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Mei Liu
- Laboratory Center, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yue Luo
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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12
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Gao T, Li T, Jiang W, Fan W, Xu XJ, Zhao X, Yin Z, Guo H, Wang L, Gao J, Han Y, Jiang JD, Wang D. Antinociceptive Effects of Sinomenine Combined With Ligustrazine or Paracetamol in Animal Models of Incisional and Inflammatory Pain. Front Physiol 2021; 11:523769. [PMID: 33633575 PMCID: PMC7900506 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.523769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The management of postoperative and inflammatory pain has been a pressing challenge in clinical settings. Sinomenine (SN) is a morphinan derived alkaloid with remarkable analgesic properties in various kinds of pain models. The aim of the current study is to investigate if SN can enhance the effect of ligustrazine hydrochloride (LGZ) or paracetamol (PCM) in animal models of postoperative and inflammatory pain. And to determine if the combined therapeutic efficacies can be explained by pharmacokinetics changes. Pharmacological studies were performed using a rat model of incisional pain, and a mouse model of carrageenan induced inflammatory pain. Pharmacokinetic studies were performed using a microdialysis sampling and HPLC-MS/MS assay method to quantify SN, LGZ, and PCM levels in blood and extracellular fluid in brain. We found that SN plus LGZ or SN plus PCM produced marked synergistic analgesic effects. However, such synergy was subjected to pain modalities, and differed among pain models. Pharmacological discoveries could be partially linked to pharmacokinetic alterations in SN combinations. Though further evaluation is needed, our findings advocate the potential benefits of SN plus LGZ for postoperative pain management, and SN plus PCM for controlling inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Zhejiang Zhenyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shaoxing, China
| | - Weiming Fan
- Zhejiang Zhenyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaoliang Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenming Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huihui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Danqiao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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13
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Zheng H, Xu C, Fei Y, Wang J, Yang M, Fang L, Wei Y, Mu C, Sheng Y, Li F, Zhu J, Tao C. Monoterpenes-containing PEGylated transfersomes for enhancing joint cavity drug delivery evidenced by CLSM and double-sited microdialysis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 113:110929. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Zhang D, Lyu JT, Zhang B, Zhang XM, Jiang H, Lin ZJ. Comparative efficacy, safety and cost of oral Chinese patent medicines for rheumatoid arthritis: a Bayesian network meta-analysis. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:210. [PMID: 32631398 PMCID: PMC7339567 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common inflammatory disease with a substantial burden for society and economic worldwide. Chinese patent medicines (CPMs) have gained attention as alternative remedies due to they can exert the satisfactory therapeutic effects via holistic regulation. Currently, several oral Chinese patent medicines are routinely recommended for managing and treating RA. Therefore, a network meta-analysis (NMA), which tries to synthesize evidences for a decision making by evaluating the comparative effectiveness of multiple interventions against the same disease, was undertaken to identify the optimal intervention according to their efficacy in clinical treatment and symptom remission, safety profile and daily cost. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding CPMs to treat RA were comprehensive retrieved from 3 foreign databases and 4 Chinese databases, and the retrieved results were last updated on January 10, 2019. The bias of the selected trials was assessed by two individuals independently through RoB2. A random-effects model was adopted during the meta-analytic procedures, and outcomes concerning efficacy and safety were evaluated as odds ratios (OR), mean differences (MD) and 95% credible intervals (CI) utilizing Stata 14.1 and WinBUGS 1.4.3 software. Furthermore, the cluster analysis and comprehensive investigation were preformed concerning the comparative efficacy, safety and cost of oral CPMs. RESULTS One hundred sixteen RCTs involving 10,213 individuals met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled into current NMA. The results from existing evidence indicated that Biqi capsule and Yuxuebi capsule probably had a favorable balance in consideration of benefits, tolerability and daily cost. Furthermore, as the least expensive choice, glucosides of Tripterygium Wilfordii tablet was associated with displaying a trend of relieving joint tenderness, joint swelling, and morning stiffness for patients with RA. CONCLUSION Biqi capsule, Yuxuebi capsule and glucosides of Tripterygium Wilfordii tablet were recommended for treating RA based on the favorable benefits in both clinical efficacy and symptoms, and they, meanwhile, might be associated with the more tolerable and acceptable therapeutic alternative in terms of safety profile and daily cost. Nevertheless, the additional results from high-quality, multi-center and head-to-head trials would be pivotal for supporting our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jin-Tao Lyu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Xiao-Meng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Lin
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
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15
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Analgesic Mechanism of Sinomenine against Chronic Pain. Pain Res Manag 2020; 2020:1876862. [PMID: 32454918 PMCID: PMC7225909 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1876862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purified from the roots of the plant Sinomenium acutum, sinomenine is traditionally used in China and Japan for treating rheumatism and arthritis. Previously, we have demonstrated that sinomenine possessed a broad analgesic spectrum in various chronic pain animal models and repeated administration of sinomenine did not generate tolerance. In this review article, we discussed sinomenine's analgesic mechanism with focus on its role on immune regulation and neuroimmune interaction. Sinomenine has distinct immunoregulative properties, in which glutamate, adenosine triphosphate, nitric oxide, and proinflammatory cytokines are thought to be involved. Sinomenine may alter the unbalanced neuroimmune interaction and inhibit neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and central sensitization in chronic pain states. In conclusion, sinomenine has promising potential for chronic pain management in different clinical settings.
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16
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Pan Q, Yu Y, Chen D, Jiao G, Liu X. Enhanced penetration strategies for transdermal delivery. Front Chem Sci Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-019-1913-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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17
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Wang Y, Jin Y, Yun X, Wang M, Dai Y, Xia Y. Co-administration with simvastatin or lovastatin alters the pharmacokinetic profile of sinomenine in rats through cytochrome P450-mediated pathways. Life Sci 2018; 209:228-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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18
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Zhao H, Zhao N, Zheng P, Xu X, Liu M, Luo D, Xu H, Ju D. Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis Using Chinese Medicinal Plants: Special Emphasis on Mechanisms of Immune Modulation. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:6345857. [PMID: 29675436 PMCID: PMC5838472 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6345857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have examined the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. The causes of osteoporosis include endocrine factors, nutritional status, genetic factors, physical factors, and immune factors. Recent osteoimmunology studies demonstrated that the immune system and immune factors play important regulatory roles in the occurrence of osteoporosis, and people should pay more attention to the relationship between immunity and osteoporosis. Immune and bone cells are located in the bone marrow and share numerous regulatory molecules, signaling molecules, and transcription factors. Abnormal activation of the immune system alters the balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which results in an imbalance of bone remodeling and osteoporosis. The incidence of osteoporosis is also increasing with the aging of China's population, and traditional Chinese medicine has played a vital role in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis for centuries. Chinese medicinal plants possess unique advantages in the regulation of the immune system and the relationships between osteoporosis and the immune system. In this review, we provide a general overview of Chinese medicinal plants in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, focusing on immunological aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhao
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Institute of Clinical Basic Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Jilin Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Meijie Liu
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Changping District, Beijing 102200, China
| | - Huihui Xu
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Dahong Ju
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
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19
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Kim TW, Han JM, Han YK, Chung H. Anti-inflammatory Effects of Sinomenium Acutum Extract On Endotoxin-induced Uveitis in Lewis Rats. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:758-764. [PMID: 30008584 PMCID: PMC6036085 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.24834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent studies have reported the anti-inflammatory effect of Sinomenium acutum. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of sinomenine on endotoxin-induced uveitis in a rat model. METHODS Endotoxin-induced uveitis was induced in rat by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) immunization. Sinomenine (50mg/kg and 100mg/kg) was administered at 30 minutes before, 6 hours and 12 hours after LPS immunization. Clinical and histological severity was evaluated. Protein concentration and levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and prostaglandin (PG)-E2 in aqueous humor were measured. Expression of activated Nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 in ciliary body was also observed. RESULTS Clinical and histological severities were significantly milder in sinomenine-treated rat than in controls (P < 0.001). Sinomenine suppressed protein leakage and down-regulated the production of TNF-α and PG-E2 in a dose-dependent manner. Sinomenine treatment suppressed the translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit into the nuclei. CONCLUSION Systemic administration of sinomenine suppressed the inflammation of ocular tissues. These findings suggest that sinomenine could be a novel therapeutic agent for the control of endogenous ocular inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Wan Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Mo Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Keun Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hokyung Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Wang J, Wei Y, Fei YR, Fang L, Zheng HS, Mu CF, Li FZ, Zhang YS. Preparation of mixed monoterpenes edge activated PEGylated transfersomes to improve the in vivo transdermal delivery efficiency of sinomenine hydrochloride. Int J Pharm 2017; 533:266-274. [PMID: 28943208 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Surfactants generally have been used as edge activators of transfersomes. However, surfactants edge activated transfersomes frequently lead to cutaneous irritation, skin lipid loss and other side effects after dermal administration. In this study, mixed monoterpenes edge activated PEGylated transfersomes (MMPTs) were prepared by ethanol injection process with sinomenine hydrochloride as a model drug. The formulation of MMPTs was optimized by an orthogonal design. We investigated skin permeation/deposition characteristics and pharmacokinetics of sinomenine hydrochloride loaded in MMPTs by comparing with liposomes using in vitro skin tests and in vivo cutaneous microdialysis. In in vitro study, the accumulative skin permeated quantity (ASPQ) and skin permeation rate (SPR) of simonenine (SIN) in the optimized MMPTs were prominently higher than that in the other MMPTs. The optimized MMPTs had a SIN ASPQ of over three times of SIN ASPQ in the liposomes and much larger SPR of SIN compared with the latter. In contrast, the drug deposition of the optimized MMPTs in the stratum corneum was much less than that of the conventional liposomes. It was noteworthy that the drug deposition curve in the whole skin (stratum corneum-stripped skin, either) for the optimized MMPTs increased initially and then decreased with an obvious peak deposition amount at 12h, while, a relatively steady curve was observed for the liposomes. In in vivo cutaneous pharmacokinetic study, the steady state concentration (Css) and the area under the curve (AUC0→t) of SIN from the optimized MMPTs was 8.7 and 8.2 folds higher than those from the liposomes, respectively. Moreover, the MRT0-inf of SIN from optimal MMPTs got shorter than that from the liposomes. It can be concluded that the optimized MMPTs obviously enhance the percutaneous absorption of sinomenine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Yan Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Ya-Rong Fei
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Li Fang
- Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood of Zhejiang Province (Zhoushan Municipal District Center for Disease Control and Prevention), Zhoushan, 316021, China
| | - Hang-Sheng Zheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Chao-Feng Mu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Fan-Zhu Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
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21
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Zhou H, Liu JX, Luo JF, Cheng CS, Leung ELH, Li Y, Su XH, Liu ZQ, Chen TB, Duan FG, Dong Y, Zuo YH, Li C, Lio CK, Li T, Luo P, Xie Y, Yao XJ, Wang PX, Liu L. Suppressing mPGES-1 expression by sinomenine ameliorates inflammation and arthritis. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 142:133-144. [PMID: 28711625 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Recently, microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 (mPGES-1) has attracted much attention from pharmacologists as a promising strategy and an attractive target for treating various types of diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which could preserve the anti-inflammatory effect while reducing the adverse effects often occur during administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Here, we report that sinomenine (SIN) decreased prostaglandin (PG)E2 levels without affecting prostacyclin (PG)I2 and thromboxane (TX)A2 synthesis via selective inhibiting mPGES-1 expression, a possible reason of low risk of cardiovascular event compared with NSAIDs. In addition, mPGES-1 protein expression was down-regulated by SIN treatment in the inflamed paw tissues both in carrageenan-induced edema model in rats and the collagen-II induced arthritis (CIA) model in DBA mice. More interestingly, SIN suppressed the last step of mPGES-1 gene expression by decreasing the DNA binding ability of NF-κB, paving a new way for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau; International Institute of Translation Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau; College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Jin-Fang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Chun-Song Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Xiao-Hui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Zhong-Qiu Liu
- International Institute of Translation Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Ting-Bo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Fu-Gang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yi-Han Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Chong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Chon Kit Lio
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Pei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Xiao-Jun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau
| | - Pei-Xun Wang
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau.
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22
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Rahman M, Beg S, Verma A, Al Abbasi FA, Anwar F, Saini S, Akhter S, Kumar V. Phytoconstituents as pharmacotherapeutics in rheumatoid arthritis: challenges and scope of nano/submicromedicine in its effective delivery. J Pharm Pharmacol 2016; 69:1-14. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The present review explores the therapeutic application of herbals in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) therapy, and how nano/submicromedicine can be fit in the scope of its therapeutic delivery in RA has been addressed.
Key findings
Incorporation of bioactive such as polyphenols, thymoquinone, resveratrol, hesperidin, curcumin, celastrol and gambogic acid in a dose-dependent manner showed quite high efficacy for the treatment of RA. It can be attributed to their targeting ability against various inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide (NO), cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, NF-kβ, lipoxygenase (LOXs) and arachidonic acid (AA). Despite the presence of significant merits, the use of these bioactives has several demerits such as poor bioavailability as a function of low aqueous solubility and higher first-pass metabolism upon oral administration. The impact of nano/submicromedicine in the delivery of these bioactives against RA has gained wider attention owing to bioavailability enhancement, higher stability and better efficacy.
Conclusion
Phytoconstituents possess immense potential in RA pharmacotherapy, but the obstacles for their effective delivery can be overcome using nano/submicrocarrier-based drug delivery technologies, which maximize the efficacy of these herbal antirheumatic drugs without any systemic adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahfoozur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (SHIATS), Naini, India
| | - Sarwar Beg
- UIPS, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amita Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (SHIATS), Naini, India
| | - Fahad A Al Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Firoz Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sumant Saini
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Patiala, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Sohail Akhter
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire (CBM)-CNRS UPR4301/University of Orléans Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, Cedex 2, France
- Nanomedicine Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, 110062, New Delhi, India
- LE STUDIUM® Loire Valley Institute for Advanced Studies, Centre-Val de Loire Region, 45000, France
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (SHIATS), Naini, India
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Sinomenine enhances microglia M2 polarization and attenuates inflammatory injury in intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neuroimmunol 2016; 299:28-34. [PMID: 27725118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microglia polarization plays a vital role in brain inflammatory injury following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Previous studies have shown that sinomenine possesses potential immunoregulatory capabilities. However, microglia polarization's exact mechanisms in ICH remain uncertain. Therefore, we examined the role of sinomenine on microglia polarization and brain inflammation following ICH. For the experiment, autologous blood models were constructed in C57/BL6 mice. Markers of classically activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2) microglia were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. Microglial toxicity was assessed using MTT and FACS assays. In addition, the neurological deficit and cerebral water content of ICH mice were also observed. Sinomenine attenuated M1 markers while promoting M2 markers of microglia. Sinomenine also protected hippocampal neurons from indirect toxicity mediated by ICH-treated microglia. Additionally, administration of sinomenine inhibited matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 3/9 expression, cerebral water content, and neurological deficit. Therefore, sinomenine protected brain function following ICH, perhaps via M2 microglia phenotype induction and MMP 3/9 inhibition. This result suggests that sinomenine is a promising therapeutical strategy in ICH.
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Wu K, Han S. Trace Analysis of Sinomenine Hydrochloride Using CdTe/CdS Quantum Dots-enhanced Chemiluminescence. ANAL SCI 2015; 31:1249-53. [PMID: 26656813 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.31.1249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel flow-injection chemiluminescence (FI-CL) method was described for the determination of sinomenine hydrochloride (SIN). The method was based on the inhibitory effect of SIN on the CL reaction of luminol and K3Fe(CN)6 in an alkaline solution, which was sensitized by CdTe/CdS quantum dots (QDs). Under the optimized conditions, the linear range for the determination of SIN was 1.0 × 10(-8) to 1.4 × 10(-6) mol/L. The detection limit was 7.5 × 10(-9) mol/L, and the relative standard deviation was 2.47% (n = 11). The current CL method was applied to determine SIN in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids with satisfactory results. The possible CL reaction mechanism was discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kegang Wu
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University
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Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Efficacy and Adverse Effects of Zhengqing Fengtongning Combined with Methotrexate in Rheumatoid Arthritis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:910376. [PMID: 26379753 PMCID: PMC4561327 DOI: 10.1155/2015/910376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chinese medicines are gaining wider acceptance. They have been used for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for thousands of years, and the need to investigate the interaction between Chinese medicines and western medicines is widely recognized. In this study, a large number of RCTs and CCTs were analyzed to systematically assess the effects and adverse events of Zhengqing Fengtongning (ZQFTN) for RA. Eleven studies that contained 956 participants (508 in the treatment group; 448 in the control group) were included. The results showed that although ZQFTN combined with methotrexate MTX could not decrease the swollen joint count and tender joint count of RA patients better than MTX alone, the combination therapy might relieve the duration of morning stiffness (SMD: −16.06; 95% CI: −28.77 to −3.34), reduce laboratory indexes (RF: SMD: −10.84; 95% CI: −19.39 to −2.29; ESR: SMD: −7.26; 95% CI: −11.54 to −2.99; CRP: SMD: −3.66; 95% CI: −5.94 to −1.38), and improve the overall effect (RR: 1.08; CI: 1.01 to 1.16) better than monotherapy. The combination therapy was significantly better in controlling adverse drug reactions (RR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.46 to 0.79). Through this systematic review, we found that ZQFTN combined with MTX for the treatment of RA might have better clinical efficacy than MTX only and might be superior in terms of controlling adverse drug reactions.
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Wu X, Chen Y, Gui S, Wu X, Chen L, Cao Y, Yin D, Ma P. Sinomenine hydrochloride-loaded dissolving microneedles enhanced its absorption in rabbits. Pharm Dev Technol 2015; 21:787-793. [PMID: 26122959 DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2015.1055766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Sinomenine hydrochloride-loaded dissolving microneedles (SH-DM) were fabricated by maltose and poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid using a casting method. The mechanical strength of SH-DM was investigated by an insertion test. In vivo transdermal absorption experiment was performed to evaluate the percutaneous absorption of SH-DM, sinomenine hydrochloride gel (SH-G) was used as a control. The results demonstrated that prepared SH-DM was morphologically intact with sufficient mechanical strength after inserting into aluminum foil and rat skin. The value of area under curve obtained after administration of SH-DM through transdermal in rabbits showed a significantly rise and was 1.99 times higher than that of SH-G, and the relative bioavailability value was 199.21%. These results showed that SH-DM enhanced bioavailability and permeability of SH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Wu
- a Department of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , P.R. China
| | - Yulin Chen
- a Department of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , P.R. China
| | - Shuangying Gui
- a Department of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , P.R. China.,b Anhui Engineering Research Center for Chinese Medicine Preparation , Hefei , P.R. China , and
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- a Department of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , P.R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- a Department of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , P.R. China
| | - Yingji Cao
- a Department of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , P.R. China
| | - Dengke Yin
- a Department of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , P.R. China
| | - Ping Ma
- c Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Hospira Inc. , McPherson , KS , USA
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Zhou YR, Zhao Y, Bao BH, Li JX. SND-117, a sinomenine bivalent alleviates type II collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 26:423-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Lagerström MC. Sinomenine is a promising analgesic and antihyperalgesic for pain and hypersensitivity in rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Pain 2015; 7:15-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sjpain.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gao T, Shi T, Wiesenfeld-Hallin Z, Svensson CI, Xu XJ. Sinomenine alleviates mechanical hypersensitivity in mice with experimentally induced rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Pain 2015; 7:9-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sjpain.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background and aims
We have previously reported that sinomenine, an alkaloid isolated from the root of the plant Sinomenium acutum, had antinociceptive effect in rodent models of acute inflammatory or neuropathic pain. As a traditional medicine, sinomenine is used in China to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Methods
In the present study, we evaluated the potential antinociceptive effect of sinomenine in a mouse model of RA, collagen type II antibody (CII Ab) induced arthritis (CAIA) after acute and chronic administration.
Results
As single administration, sinomenine at 40 or 80 mg/kg significantly reduced mechanical hypersensitivity both at the time of peak joint inflammation (days 11–19 after CII Ab injection) or during the post-inflammatory phase (days 35–54). No tolerance to the effect of 80 mg/kg sinomenine was observed during repeated injection twice a day for 5 days from day 11 to day 19 or from day 49 to day 53 after CII Ab injection in CAIA mice.
Conclusions
We have shown that sinomenine is effective in alleviating localized and spread hypersensitivities in CAIA mice both during acute inflammation and in post-inflammatory phase. Further, repeated sinomenine administration has elevated the baseline mechanical threshold without producing tolerance.
Implications
Sinomenine may be clinically useful to treat chronic pain in RA, including wide-spread pain which appears to be a difficult clinical problem despite the improvement in the acute treatment of RA by disease modifying agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Section of Integrative Pain Research , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Tiansheng Shi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Section of Integrative Pain Research , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Zsuzsanna Wiesenfeld-Hallin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Section of Integrative Pain Research , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Camilla I. Svensson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Section of Molecular Pain Research , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Xiao-Jun Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Section of Integrative Pain Research , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
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Tong B, Yu J, Wang T, Dou Y, Wu X, Kong L, Dai Y, Xia Y. Sinomenine suppresses collagen-induced arthritis by reciprocal modulation of regulatory T cells and Th17 cells in gut-associated lymphoid tissues. Mol Immunol 2015; 65:94-103. [PMID: 25656802 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Sinomenine (SIN) has long been used as a therapeutic agent of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in China. However, the discrepancy between low oral bioavailability and higher minimal effective concentration made its action mode mysterious. The present study aimed to gain insight into the mechanisms by which SIN suppressed collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats in view of Th17 and regulatory T (Treg) cell balance. SIN was orally administered, and the clinical symptoms of CIA rats were monitored; inflammatory cytokines levels in serum were measured by ELISA; pharmacokinetic studies were performed in normal and CIA rats; Th17 and Treg cell frequencies were analyzed by flow cytometry. The data showed that SIN treatment resulted in a dramatic decrease of arthritis scores and paw volume of CIA rats, which was accompanied by down-regulation of IL-17A and up-regulation of IL-10 in rat serum. The frequency of Treg cells was increased and the frequency of Th17 cells was decreased in the gut lymphoid tissues of SIN-treated rats. Immunohistochemistry assay demonstrated that more α4β7-positive cells were detained in joint tissues after SIN treatment. Moreover, the anti-arthritis efficacy of SIN disappeared when it was given by intraperitoneal injection, further confirming the action of SIN was gut-dependent. In conclusion, SIN exerts anti-RA action probably through modulating the frequencies of Treg cells and Th17 cells in intestinal lymph nodes and yielding a trafficking of lymphocytes (especially Treg cells) from gut to joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Tong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Juntao Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yannong Dou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yue Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yufeng Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Desgrouas C, Taudon N, Bun SS, Baghdikian B, Bory S, Parzy D, Ollivier E. Ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Stephania rotunda Lour. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 154:537-563. [PMID: 24768769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Stephania rotunda Lour. (Menispermaceae) is an important traditional medicinal plant that is grown in Southeast Asia. The stems, leaves, and tubers have been used in the Cambodian, Lao, Indian and Vietnamese folk medicine systems for years to treat a wide range of ailments, including asthma, headache, fever, and diarrhoea. AIM OF THE REVIEW To provide an up-to-date, comprehensive overview and analysis of the ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Stephania rotunda for its potential benefits in human health, as well as to assess the scientific evidence of traditional use and provide a basis for future research directions. MATERIAL AND METHODS Peer-reviewed articles on Stephania rotunda were acquired via an electronic search of the major scientific databases (Pubmed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect). Data were collected from scientific journals, theses, and books. RESULTS The traditional uses of Stephania rotunda were recorded in countries throughout Southeast Asia (Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos, and India). Different parts of Stephania rotunda were used in traditional medicine to treat about twenty health disorders. Phytochemical analyses identified forty alkaloids. The roots primarily contain l-tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP), whereas the tubers contain cepharanthine and xylopinine. Furthermore, the chemical composition differs from one region to another and according to the harvest period. The alkaloids exhibited approximately ten different pharmacological activities. The main pharmacological activities of Stephania rotunda alkaloids are antiplasmodial, anticancer, and immunomodulatory effects. Sinomenine, cepharanthine, and l-stepholidine are the most promising components and have been tested in humans. The pharmacokinetic parameters have been studied for seven compounds, including the three most promising compounds. The toxicity has been evaluated for liriodenine, roemerine, cycleanine, l-tetrahydropalmatine, and oxostephanine. CONCLUSION Stephania rotunda is traditionally used for the treatment of a wide range of ailments. Pharmacological investigations have validated different uses of Stephania rotunda in folk medicine. The present review highlights the three most promising compounds of Stephania rotunda, which could constitute potential leads in various medicinal fields, including malaria and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Desgrouas
- UMR-MD3, IRBA, Faculté de Pharmacie, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin CS30064 13385 Marseille cedex 5, Aix-Marseille Université, France; UMR-MD3, Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Ethnopharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin CS30064 13385 Marseille cedex 5, Aix-Marseille Université, France.
| | | | - Sok-Siya Bun
- UMR-MD3, Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Ethnopharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin CS30064 13385 Marseille cedex 5, Aix-Marseille Université, France.
| | - Beatrice Baghdikian
- UMR-MD3, Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Ethnopharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin CS30064 13385 Marseille cedex 5, Aix-Marseille Université, France.
| | - Sothavireak Bory
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université des Sciences de la Santé, no. 73, Monivong Blvd, Daun Penh, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
| | - Daniel Parzy
- UMR-MD3, IRBA, Faculté de Pharmacie, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin CS30064 13385 Marseille cedex 5, Aix-Marseille Université, France.
| | - Evelyne Ollivier
- UMR-MD3, Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Ethnopharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin CS30064 13385 Marseille cedex 5, Aix-Marseille Université, France.
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Guan S, Fang B, Song B, Xiong Y, Lu J. Immunosuppressive activity of alpinetin on activation and cytokines secretion of murine T lymphocytes. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2014; 36:290-6. [PMID: 24964870 DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2014.932798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Alpinetin, a flavonoid compound extracted from the seeds of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been known to possess antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and other important therapeutic activities. In the current study, we investigated alpinetin for its immunosuppressive effect on activation and cytokines secretion of murine T lymphocytes. The data showed that alpinetin markedly suppressed ConA-induced murine splenocyte proliferation, Th1/Th2 cytokines production, CD4(+) T-cell populations and ratio of CD4(+)/CD8(+). This inspired us to further study the effects of alpinetin in vivo. The results showed that administration of alpinetin suppressed T-cell-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in mice. In addition, we studied signal transduction pathways about T-cell activation on puried murine T lymphocytes by Western-blot assay. The data revealed that alpinetin could shock the activation of NF-κB, NFAT2 signal transduction pathways. These observations indicated that alpinetin have potential effects in downregulating the immune system and might be developed as a useful immunosuppressive agent in treating undesired immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Guan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education College of Veterinary Medicine and
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Analgesic effect of sinomenine in rodents after inflammation and nerve injury. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 721:5-11. [PMID: 24120369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Sinomenine is an alkaloid originally isolated from the root of the plant Sinomenium acutum. It is used in traditional medicine in China to treat rheumatic arthritis. In the present study, we evaluated the potential antinociceptive effects of sinomenine in rodents with nociceptive, inflammatory and neuropathic pain. In normal rats and mice, systemic sinomenine produced moderate antinociceptive effect in the hot plate and tail flick tests. Sinomenine also exerted analgesic effects on mechanical and heat hypersensitivity in mice after carrageenan induced inflammation. Finally, sinomenine effectively alleviated mechanical and cold allodynia in rats and mice after injury to peripheral nerve or spinal cord. The analgesic effect of sinomenine is not associated with side effects and is not reversed by the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone. Our results showed that sinomenine has a wide spectrum analgesic effect in rodent models of nociceptive, inflammatory and neuropathic pain.
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Sinomenine suppresses osteoclast formation and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra-induced bone loss by modulating RANKL signaling pathways. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74274. [PMID: 24066131 PMCID: PMC3774760 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) is essential for osteoclastogenesis. Targeting RANKL signaling pathways has been an encouraging strategy for treating lytic bone diseases such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Sinomenine (SIN), derived from Chinese medicinal plant Sinomenioumacutum, is an active compound to treat RA, but its effect on osteoclasts has been hitherto unknown. In the present study, SIN was found to ameliorate M. tuberculosis H37Ra (Mt)-induced bone loss in rats with a decreased serum level of TRACP5b and RANKL, and an increased level of osteoprotegerin (OPG). In vitro study also showed that SIN could inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and bone resorption. The osteoclastic specific marker genes induced by RANKL including c-Src, MMP-9, TRACP were inhibited by SIN in a dose dependent manner. Signal transduction studies showed that SIN could obviously reduce the expression of RANK adaptor molecule TRAF6 and down-regulate RANKL-induced NF-κB activation. It decreased the RANKL-induced p38, JNK posphorylation but not ERK1/2 posphorylation. SIN could also reduce RANKL-mediated calcium influx which is associated with TRAF6/c-Src complex. Finally, SIN suppressed RANKL induced AP-1 and NFAT transcription, as well as the gene expression of NFATc1 and AP-1 components (Fra-1, Fra-2, c-Fos). The protein expression of c-Fos and TRAF6 were also inhibited by SIN after RANKL stimulation. Taken together, SIN could attenuate osteoclast formation and Mt-induced bone loss by mediating RANKL signaling pathways.
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CHENG YUE, LI FURONG, WANG DAIHONG, ZHANG YING, YUAN FAHUAN, ZHANG JINGBO. Sinomenine inhibits the expression of PD-L1 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of mesangial proliferative nephritis patients. Mol Med Rep 2013; 7:1223-8. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Lu XL, Zeng J, Chen YL, He PM, Wen MX, Ren MD, Hu YN, Lu GF, He SΧ. Sinomenine hydrochloride inhibits human hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo: involvement of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. Int J Oncol 2012; 42:229-38. [PMID: 23165705 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2012.1704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. However, therapies against HCC to date have not been completely effective. Sinomenine hydrochloride (SH), an anti‑arthritis drug applied in clinical practice, has been reported to have in vitro anti‑neoplastic activity in various cancer cells. Whether SH inhibits HCC remains unknown. For this purpose, in this study, MTT assay was used to determine cell growth. Flow cytometry, Hoechst staining, DNA fragmentation, western blot analysis, immunohistochemisty and TUNEL staining were performed to investigate the mechanisms involved. The in vivo activity of SH was determined using a mouse xenograft model. SH inhibited the growth of various types of human HCC cells in vitro. We found that SH promoted cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and sub‑G1 formation, associated with the increased p21/WAF1/Cip1 expression. Additionally, SH induced caspase‑dependent apoptosis, which involved the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, the increased release of cytochrome c and Omi/HtrA2 from the mitochondria into the cytoplasm, the downregulation of Bcl‑2 and the upregulation of Bax, the activation of a caspase cascade (caspase‑8, -10, -9 and -3) and PARP, as well as the decreased expression of survivin. The SH‑suppressed growth of human HCC xenografts in vivo occurred due to the decrease in proliferation and the induction of apoptosis, implicating the activation of caspase‑3, the upregulation of p21 and the downregulation of survivin. These findings suggest that SH exhibits anticancer efficacy in vitro and in vivo involving cell cycle and caspase‑dependent apoptosis and may serve as a potential drug candidate against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Lan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Gu B, Zeng Y, Yin C, Wang H, Yang X, Wang S, Ji X. Sinomenine reduces iNOS expression via inhibiting the T-bet IFN-γ pathway in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in rats. J Biomed Res 2012; 26:448-55. [PMID: 23554784 PMCID: PMC3597047 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.26.20110114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sinomenine is a bioactive alkaloid isolated from the Chinese medicinal plant Sinomenium acutum. It is widely used as an immunosuppressive drug for treating rheumatic and arthritic diseases. In our previous studies, we found that sinomenine reduced cellular infiltration within the spinal cord and alleviated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in rats. In this study, we further investigated the mechanisms of sinomenine treatment in EAE rats. In EAE rats, treatment with sinomenine exerted an anti-inducible NO synthase (anti-iNOS) effect, which is related to the reductions of Th1 cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and its transcription factor, T-bet, in spinal cords. Moreover, sinomenine treatment of splenocytes stimulated with anti-CD3 antibody and recombinant rat interleukin 12 reduced the expression of T-bet and IFN-γ in vitro and also reduced the capability of supernatants of splenocyte culture to induce iNOS expression by primary astrocytes. However, sinomenine had no direct inhibitory effect on iNOS produced by astrocytes cultured with IFN-γ and tumor necrosis factor α in vitro. In conclusion, the anti-iNOS effect of sinomenine on EAE is mediated via the suppression of T-bet /IFN-γ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Gu
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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Su MX, Song M, Sun DZ, Zhao H, Gu X, Zhu L, Zhan XL, Xu ZN, Wen AD, Hang TJ. Determination of sinomenine sustained-release capsules in healthy Chinese volunteers by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 889-890:39-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tian L, Fu YJ, Xie Y. Advances in understanding the effect of sinomenine on intestinal immune inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2011; 19:1494-1499. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v19.i14.1494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal immune inflammatory response is abnormal in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Control of intestinal immune inflammatory response represents one of the methods for treatment of IBD. It has been proved that sinomenine (SN) can inhibit lymphocyte proliferation, regulate immune cell function, reduce inflammation mediator production, modulate cytokine secretion, and thereby suppress the immune inflammatory response. This article gives an overview of the role of the immune response in the pathogenesis of IBD and summarizes the recent advances in understanding the effect of SN on intestinal immune inflammation in IBD, seeking to provide a new reference for the treatment of IBD.
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Lu J, Guan S, Shen X, Qian W, Huang G, Deng X, Xie G. Immunosuppressive activity of 8-gingerol on immune responses in mice. Molecules 2011; 16:2636-45. [PMID: 21441866 PMCID: PMC6259933 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16032636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 03/12/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
8-gingerol is one of the principal components of ginger, which is widely used in China and elsewhere as a food, spice and herb. It shows immunosuppressive activity on the immune responses to ovalbumin (OVA) in mice. In the present study, we found that 8-gingerol suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and concanavalin A (ConA)-stimulated splenocyte proliferation in vitro. In vivo, 8-gingerol not only significantly suppressed Con A-, LPS- and OVA-induced splenocyte proliferation (P < 0.05) but also decreased the percentage of CD19+ B cells and CD3+ T cell (P < 0.05) at high doses (50, 100 mg/kg). Moreover, OVA-specific IgG, IgG1 and IgG2b levels in OVA-immunized mice were reduced by 8-gingerol at doses of 50, 100 mg/kg. These results suggest that 8-gingerol could suppress humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. The mechanism might be related to direct inhibition of sensitized T and B lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; E-Mails: (J.L.); (S.G.)
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Function Food, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; E-Mails: (X.S.); (W.Q.); (G.H.)
| | - Shuang Guan
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; E-Mails: (J.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Xue Shen
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Function Food, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; E-Mails: (X.S.); (W.Q.); (G.H.)
| | - Wenhui Qian
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Function Food, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; E-Mails: (X.S.); (W.Q.); (G.H.)
| | - Guoren Huang
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Function Food, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; E-Mails: (X.S.); (W.Q.); (G.H.)
| | - Xuming Deng
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; E-Mails: (J.L.); (S.G.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (G.X.); (X.D.); Tel.: +86-431-8783-6161; Fax: +86-431-8783-6160
| | - Guanghong Xie
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; E-Mails: (J.L.); (S.G.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (G.X.); (X.D.); Tel.: +86-431-8783-6161; Fax: +86-431-8783-6160
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HPLC and LC-MS analysis of sinomenine and its application in pharmacokinetic studies in rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2010; 31:1508-14. [PMID: 20871622 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2010.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To improve and validate analytical methods based on HPLC and liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) for the quantitative measurement of sinomenine in rat plasma and brain tissue. METHODS The separation of analytes and the internal standard (IS), chloramphenicol, was performed on an Agilent TC-C18 column (250×4.6 mm, 5 μm). Blood samples were measured with a Surveyor photodiode array (PDA) detector at a wavelength of 263 nm. The LCQ DECA XP(Plus) mass spectrometer was operated in the multiple reactions monitoring mode using positive electrospray ionization, and the transition from the precursor ion (m/z 279) to the product ion (m/z 224) for sinomenine was measured in brain tissue. RESULTS Measurements were linear over the concentration range of 0.1-100 μg/mL for sinomenine in plasma and over the range of 0.01-5.00 μg/g for sinomenine in brain tissue. The intra- and inter-day variabilities were less than 10% of the relative standard deviation (RSD), and the extraction and recovery of sinomenine was 72.48%-80.26% from plasma and 73.75%-80.26% from brain tissue. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.1 μg/mL for plasma, and 0.01 μg/g for brain tissue. Identification of sinomenine was reproducible at 0.5, 5, and 50 μg/mL in the plasma and at 0.05, 0.50, and 2.00 μg/g in brain tissue. The concentration of sinomenine measured in brain tissue after a single ip dose had a neuroprotective effect on H₂O₂-induced injury in PC12 cells in vitro. CONCLUSION Our methods offered a sensitivity within a wide linear concentration range for sinomenine. These methods were successfully applied to evaluate sinomenine pharmacokinetics over time in rat brain tissue after a single ip dose of 30 mg/kg.
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Park SB, Chun KR, Kim JK, Suk K, Jung YM, Lee WH. The differential effect of high and low molecular weight fucoidans on the severity of collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Phytother Res 2010; 24:1384-91. [PMID: 20812282 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Fucoidans have been extensively studied for their various biological activities but the exact role of fucoidans on the inflammatory processes associated with arthritic disease has not been studied. The effect of the treatment of high, medium and low molecular weight fucoidans (HMWF, MMWF and LMWF, respectively) on the progression of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was tested. A daily oral administration of HMWF enhanced the severity of arthritis, inflammatory responses in the joint cartilage and the levels of collagen-specific antibodies, while LMWF reduced the severity of arthritis and the levels of Th1-dependent collagen-specific IgG(2a). Further in vitro analyses, using macrophage cell lines, revealed that the HMWF induced the expression of various inflammatory mediators, and enhanced the cellular migration of macrophages. These stimulatory effects of fucoidan decreased in fucoidans with lower molecular weights and LMWF did not exhibit any pro-inflammatory effects. Interestingly, the oral administration of HMWF enhanced the production of IFN-gamma, one of the Th1 cytokines, in collagen-stimulated spleen cells that had been isolated from CIA mice, while LMWF had the opposite effect. These results indicate that HMWF enhances arthritis through enhancing the inflammatory activation of macrophages while LMWF reduces arthritis through the suppression of Th1-mediated Immune reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Beom Park
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
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Li L, Buchet R, Wu Y. Sinomenine, theophylline, cysteine, and levamisole: Comparisons of their kinetic effects on mineral formation induced by matrix vesicles. J Inorg Biochem 2010; 104:446-54. [PMID: 20089308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2009.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2009] [Revised: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The effects of sinomenine (SIN, an alkaloid extracted from the Chinese medicinal plant Sinomenium acutum used for centuries to treat rheumatic disease, including rheumatoid arthritis) on apatitic nucleation and matrix vesicle (MV)-induced mineral formation were compared with those of cysteine, levamisole, and theophylline. We found that SIN was not an inhibitor of tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), a marker of biological mineralization, but confirmed that cysteine, levamisole, and theophylline were. Further, none of these four molecules directly affected the nucleation of hydroxyapatite (HA) formation, in contrast to pyrophosphate (PP(i)) which did. Incubation of 0.25-1.0mM cysteine, theophylline, or levamisole with MVs in synthetic cartilage lymph (SCL) containing AMP and Ca(2+), but not inorganic phosphate (P(i)), prolonged the induction time of mineral formation, apparently by inhibiting TNAP activity. SIN at the same levels neither inhibited TNAP activity nor affected the induction time of MV mineral formation. However, SIN did markedly delay MV-induced mineral formation in SCL containing P(i) (instead of AMP) in a manner similar to theophylline, but to a lesser extent than levamisole. Cysteine did not delay, in fact it slightly accelerated MV-induced mineral formation in Pi-containing SCL. These findings suggest that levamisole, SIN and theophylline may directly affect Ca(2+) and/or P(i) accretion during mineral formation; however, TNAP was not directly involved. The possible roles of annexins and other ion transporters, such as proteins of the solute carrier family implicated in Ca(2+) and P(i) influx are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Li
- State Key Laboratory for Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Gautam R, Jachak SM. Recent developments in anti-inflammatory natural products. Med Res Rev 2009; 29:767-820. [DOI: 10.1002/med.20156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Li R, Li X, Li Z. Altered collagen II 263-272 peptide immunization induces inhibition of collagen-induced arthritis through a shift toward Th2-type response. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 73:341-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01223.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Salinas-Carmona MC, de la Cruz-Galicia G, Pérez-Rivera I, Solís-Soto JM, Segoviano-Ramirez JC, Vázquez AV, Garza MA. Spontaneous arthritis in MRL/lpr mice is aggravated by Staphylococcus aureus and ameliorated by Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infections. Autoimmunity 2009; 42:25-32. [PMID: 18608175 DOI: 10.1080/08916930802228290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that affects human beings worldwide. Infections have been associated to autoimmune diseases because their ability to induce a dominant cytokine response. Joint inflammation has been related to Th1 response because they induce high expression of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1, IFN-gamma. MRL/lpr mice spontaneously develop an autoimmune disease affecting joints, kidneys, etc. We compared incidence and severity of arthritis, antibody response, cytokine production, in mice infected with bacteria or helminthes in the Murphy Roths Large (MRL)lpr mice. Infections with helminthes Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis or bacteria Nocardia brasiliensis and Staphylococcus aureus were studied. IL-4, IFN-gamma and IgG1, IgG2a antibody productions were determined. IFN-gamma was increased in all groups, the highest production was observed after bacterial infection; IL-4 production was higher after helminthes infection. IgG1 sera levels were increased in the helminthes infected group. IgG2a sera concentration was stimulated by bacterial infection. The histopathology showed that 100% of bacterial infected mice developed arthritis and severe tissue damage such as cartilage erosion and bone destruction. Animals infected with parasites showed a decreased incidence and severity of arthritis. Severity of tissue damage in joints is correlated with increased numbers of lymphocytes and macrophages immunoreactive to proinflammatory cytokines.
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Activation of opioid μ-receptor by sinomenine in cell and mice. Neurosci Lett 2008; 443:209-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.07.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2008] [Revised: 07/30/2008] [Accepted: 07/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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