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Wei C, Wang C, Li R, Bai Y, Wang X, Fang Q, Chen X, Li P. The pharmacological mechanism of Abelmoschus manihot in the treatment of chronic kidney disease. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22017. [PMID: 38058638 PMCID: PMC10695975 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abelmoschus manihot (A.manihot) is a herbaceous flowering medicinal plant and flavonoids are its main pharmacological active ingredients. A.manihot is listed in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD). A.manihot significantly reduces proteinuria in CKD, and the effectiveness and safety of A.manihot in the treatment including primary glomerulonephropathy and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) have been proved by several randomized controlled trials (RCT). Emerging pharmacological studies have explored the potential active small molecules and the underlying mechanisms in A.manihot. The active constituents of A.manihot are mainly seven flavonoids, including hibifolin, hyperoside, isoquercetin, rutin, quercetin, myricetin, and quercetin-3-O-robinobioside. The mechanisms of action mainly include alleviating renal fibrosis, reducing the inflammatory response and decreasing the apoptosis of podocytes. In this review, we summarize the updated information of active components and molecular mechanisms of A.manihot on chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiting Wei
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People's, Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese, People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People's, Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese, People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Run Li
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People's, Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese, People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfeng Bai
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People's, Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese, People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People's, Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese, People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyun Fang
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People's, Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese, People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People's, Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese, People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese People's, Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese, People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
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Zhao L, Han S, Chai C. Huangkui capsule alleviates doxorubicin-induced proteinuria via protecting against podocyte damage and inhibiting JAK/STAT signaling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 306:116150. [PMID: 36608778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Huangkui capsule (HKC), a Chinese patent medicine, has been widely used in China as adjuvant therapy for chronic kidney disease (CKD). It displays superior anti-proteinuria efficacy than losartan in patients with CKD at stages 1-2, however, the mechanism of HKC alleviating proteinuria has not been well elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to confirm the therapeutic effect and investigate associated underlying mechanism of HKC against proteinuria by in vivo and in vitro experiments. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established a doxorubicin (DOX) induced proteinuria mouse model to evaluate kidney function by biochemical markers measurement and to observe histopathological alterations by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson's trichrome and Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS)-stained sections of renal, respectively. Moreover, the expressions of Nephrin and Podocin were measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting analysis to investigate podocyte damage. Furthermore, we established Mouse Podocyte Clone-5 (MPC-5) injury model to identify the active components of HKC against podocyte damage by detecting the expressions of Nephrin, Podocin, and ZO-1 proteins. At last, the key protein levels of Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway were assessed by western blotting analysis to explore the underlying mechanism of HKC against proteinuria. RESULTS Our results showed that HKC administration for three consecutive weeks dose-dependently ameliorated both renal function and histopathological damages, elevated the expressions of Nephrin and Podocin, the pivotal molecules maintaining filtration function of the podocyte, indicating the promising protective effect against podocyte injury under DOX exposure. Consistently, in vitro experiments showed HKC administration effectively reversed the abnormal expressions of Nephrin and Podocin in MPC-5 cells treated with DOX, suggesting its protective effect against podocyte injury to maintain filtration barrier integrity. In addition, Hibifolin was identified as the most active ingredients in HKC, which suppressed upstream JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/Akt pathway phosphorylation to maintain the structural and functional integrity of podocyte filtration barrier. Of note, AG490, a selective JAK2 inhibitor, was used to further affirm the role of Hibifolin involving in regulation JAK2/STAT3. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that HKC may protect podocytes via JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/Akt pathway to display its effects of ameliorating proteinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Siyuan Han
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Chengzhi Chai
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
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Li J, Chang RY, Chen LF, Qian SH, Wang RY, Lan JL, Huang L, Ding XH. Potential Targets and Mechanisms of Jiedu Quyu Ziyin Decoction for Treating SLE-GIOP: Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:8942415. [PMID: 37026113 PMCID: PMC10072964 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8942415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by poor regulation of the immune response leading to chronic inflammation and multiple organ dysfunction. Glucocorticoid (GC) is currently one of the main treatments. However, a high dose or prolonged use of GC may result in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP). Jiedu Quyu Ziyin decoction (JP) is effective in treating SLE and previous clinical studies have proved that JP can prevent and treat SLE steroid osteoporosis (SLE-GIOP). We aim to examine JPs main mechanism on SLE-GIOP through network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods TCMSP and TCMID databases were used to screen potential active compounds and targets of JP. The SLE-GIOP targets are collected from GeneCards, OMIM, PharmGkb, TTD, and DrugBank databases. R software was used to obtain the cross-targets of JP and SLE-GIOP and to perform GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Cytoscape software was used to make the Chinese Medicines-Active Ingredient-Intersection Targets network diagram. STRING database construct protein-protein interaction network and obtain the core targets. Auto Dock Tools and Pymol software were used for docking. Results Fifty eight targets overlapped between JP and SLE-GIOP were suggested as potential targets of JP in the treatment of SLE-GIOP. Network topology analysis identified five core targets. GO enrichment analysis was obtained 1,968 items, and the top 10 biological process, closeness centrality, and molecular function were displayed. A total of 154 signaling pathways were obtained by KEGG enrichment analysis, and the top 30 signaling pathways were displayed. JP was well bound by MAPK1, TP53, and MYC according to the molecular docking results. Conclusion We investigated the potential targets and signaling pathways of JP against SLE-GIOP in this study. It shows that JP is most likely to achieve the purpose of treating SLE-GIOP by promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. A solid theoretical foundation will be provided for the future study of clinical and experimental topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Run-yu Chang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin-feng Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Su-hai Qian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong-yun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji-le Lan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xing-hong Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Liu R, Huang X, Ye H, Wu H, Guo J, Peng Y, Wu M, Fan J, Yang X. Lupus Recipe inhibits cGVHD-induced lupus nephritis in mice and promote renal LC3-associated autophagy. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e815. [PMID: 36988251 PMCID: PMC10022419 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most severe manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) mouse model is a well-established model of SLE. LC3-associated autophagy plays a critical role in extracellular particle clearance, including pathogens and apoptotic cells. Lupus Recipe (LR) is a Chinese herbal compound that has been proven to be effective in treating SLE. In the study, we investigated the protective effects of LR or LR combined with prednisone on cGVHD mouse model and LC3-associated autophagy in the kidney. The mice were subjected to six groups. The LR treatment group received LR at the dosage of 1.15 and 2.3 g/kg/day, respectively. The corticosteroid treatment group received prednisone at a dosage of 5 mg/kg/day. The combination treatment group received LR at a dosage of 2.3 g/kg/day, and prednisone at 2.5 mg/kg/day. LR treatment reduced proteinuria and serum triglyceride levels, as well as spleen weight. LR also alleviated pathologic damage and immunoglobulin G deposition in the kidney. LR combined with a low dose of prednisone significantly improved kidney function and decreased serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and spleen weight. In addition, combination treatment relieved kidney injury more effectively than LR alone. Western blot revealed that LR treatment or LR combined with prednisone increased the LC3-associated autophagy protein of Rubicon and Nox2, as well as LC3I levels in the kidney tissues. In conclusion, LR inhibited the manifestation of cGVHD-induced LN, which may attribute to the increased levels of LC3-associated autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Xuan Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Hongjian Ye
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Haishan Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Yuan Peng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Meiju Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Jinjin Fan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhouChina
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Song Z, Ji L, Wu S, Fan Y, Zhang Q, Yang K, Fang S. Molecular mechanism of QH-BJ drug pair in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32062. [PMID: 36482627 PMCID: PMC9726393 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To analyze the molecular mechanism of Qinghao-Biejia (QH-BJ) drug pair in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) based on the method of network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. The components and related targets of QH-BJ drug pair, as well as SLE-related targets, were obtained. Intersection targets of QH-BJ drug pair and SLE were screened to construct the protein-protein interaction network, conduct gene ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis, and establish the component-target-pathway network. The core active components and core targets of QH-BJ drug pair for the treatment of SLE were selected, and molecular docking was carried out between the ligand components and the receptor target proteins. The core active components of QH-BJ drug pair for the treatment of SLE are luteolin, quercetin, and kaempferol; the core targets are PTGS2, HSP90AA1, RELA, MAPK1, MAPK14, AKT1, JUN, TNF, TP53. The ligand components can spontaneously bind to the receptor target proteins. Besides, QH-BJ drug pair is likely to act on PI3K/Akt signal pathway, interleukin-17 signal pathway, and TNF signal pathway in the treatment of SLE. The study indicates that QH-BJ drug pair might play a role in the treatment of SLE through multi-components, multi-targets, and multi-pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Song
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lina Ji
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Wu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongsheng Fan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kepeng Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sijia Fang
- Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- * Correspondence: Sijia Fang, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, China (e-mail: )
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Chen HY, Chiang YF, Hong YH, Shieh TM, Huang TC, Ali M, Chang HY, Wang KL, Hsia SM. Quercetin Ameliorates Renal Injury and Pyroptosis in Lupus Nephritis through Inhibiting IL-33/ST2 Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2238. [PMID: 36421424 PMCID: PMC9687047 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and serious symptom in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Tubular interstitial fibrosis is a common underlying mechanism in the development of lupus nephritis to end-stage renal failure (ESRD). Quercetin is widely proven to prevent tissue fibrosis. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the beneficial effects of quercetin on the inhibition of fibrosis and inflammation pathways in in vitro and in vivo lupus nephritis models. In the current study, MRL/lpr mice as animal models, and HK-2 human renal tubular epithelial cells were stimulated by interleukin-33 (IL-33) to mimic the cellular model of lupus nephritis. Immunohistochemical staining, immunoblotting assay, immunofluorescence staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay were used. The in vivo results showed that quercetin improved the renal function and inhibited both fibrosis- and inflammation-related markers in MRL/lpr mice animal models. The in vitro results indicated that quercetin ameliorated the accumulation of fibrosis- and inflammation-related proteins in IL-33-induced HK-2 cells and improved renal cell pyroptosis via the IL33/ST2 pathway. Overall, quercetin can improve LN-related renal fibrosis and inflammation, which may offer an effective potential therapeutic strategy for lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yuan Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fen Chiang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Han Hong
- Graduate Programs of Nutrition Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106209, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Chin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Hsin-Yi Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Lee Wang
- Department of Nursing, Ching Kuo Institute of Management and Health, Keelung 20301, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- School of Food and Safety, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
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circMTND5 Participates in Renal Mitochondrial Injury and Fibrosis by Sponging MIR6812 in Lupus Nephritis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2769487. [PMID: 36267809 PMCID: PMC9578797 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2769487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have focused on nuclear-encoded circular RNAs (circRNAs) in kidney diseases, but little is known about mitochondrial circRNAs. Differentially expressed circRNAs were analyzed by RNA deep sequencing from lupus nephritis (LN) biopsies and normal human kidneys. In LN renal biopsies, the most downregulated circRNA was circMTND5, which is encoded in the mitochondrial genome. We quantitated circMTND5 by qPCR and localized by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Mitochondrial abnormalities were identified by electron microscopy. The expression of mitochondrial genes was decreased, and the expression of profibrotic genes was increased on qPCR and immunostaining. RNA binding sites for MIR6812 and circMTND5 were predicted. MIR6812 expression was increased by FISH and qPCR. In HK-2 cells and its mitochondrial fraction, the role of circMTND5 sponging MIR6812 was assessed by their colocalization in mitochondria on FISH, RNA immunoprecipitation, and RNA pulldown coupled with luciferase reporter assay. circMTND5 knockdown upregulated MIR6812, decreased mitochondrial functional gene expression, and increased profibrotic gene expression. Overexpression of circMTND5 reversed these effects in hTGF-β stimulated HK-2 cells. Similar effects were observed in HK-2 cells with overexpression and with knockdown of MIR6812. We conclude that circMTND5 alleviates renal mitochondrial injury and kidney fibrosis by sponging MIR6812 in LN.
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Quintero-González DC, Muñoz-Urbano M, Vásquez G. Mitochondria as a key player in systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmunity 2022; 55:497-505. [PMID: 35978536 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2022.2112181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous, multisystemic autoimmune disease with a broad clinical spectrum. Loss of self-tolerance and chronic inflammation are critical markers of SLE pathogenesis. Although alterations in adaptive immunity are widely recognized, increasing reports indicate the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in activating pathogenic pathways involving the innate immune system. Among these, disarrangements in mitochondrial DNA copy number and heteroplasmy percentage are related to SLE activity. Furthermore, increased oxidative stress contributes to post-translational changes in different molecules (proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids), release of oxidized mitochondrial DNA through a pore of voltage-dependent anion channel oligomers, and spontaneous mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein oligomerization. Finally, a reduction in mitophagy, apoptosis induction, and NETosis has been reported in SLE. Most of these pathways lead to persistent and inappropriate exposure to oxidized mitochondrial DNA, which can stimulate plasmacytoid dendritic cells, enhance autoreactive lymphocyte activation, and release increased amounts of interferons through stimulation of toll-like receptors and cytosolic DNA sensors. Likewise, abnormal T-cell receptor activation, decreased regulatory T cells, enhanced Th17 phenotypes, and increased monocyte maturation to dendritic cells have also been observed in SLE. Targeting the players involved in mitochondrial damage can ultimately help.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcela Muñoz-Urbano
- Rheumatology Section, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - G Vásquez
- Rheumatology Section, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.,Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIC), Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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Saurin S, Meineck M, Erkel G, Opatz T, Weinmann-Menke J, Pautz A. Drug Candidates for Autoimmune Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:503. [PMID: 35631330 PMCID: PMC9143092 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the immunosuppressive drugs used in the clinic to prevent organ rejection or to treat autoimmune disorders were originally isolated from fungi or bacteria. Therefore, in addition to plants, these are valuable sources for identification of new potent drugs. Many side effects of established drugs limit their usage and make the identification of new immunosuppressants necessary. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of natural products with potent anti-inflammatory activities that have been tested successfully in different models of chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Some of these candidates already have passed first clinical trials. The anti-inflammatory potency of these natural products was often comparable to those of established drugs, and they could be used at least in addition to standard therapy to reduce their dose to minimize unwanted side effects. A frequent mode of action is the inhibition of classical inflammatory signaling pathways, such as NF-κB, in combination with downregulation of oxidative stress. A drawback for the therapeutic use of those natural products is their moderate bioavailability, which can be optimized by chemical modifications and, in addition, further safety studies are necessary. Altogether, very interesting candidate compounds exist which have the potential to serve as starting points for the development of new immunosuppressive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Saurin
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.S.); (M.M.)
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Myriam Meineck
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.S.); (M.M.)
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erkel
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Systems Biology, Technical University, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany;
| | - Till Opatz
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Julia Weinmann-Menke
- 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.S.); (M.M.)
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Andrea Pautz
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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Cao YL, Lin JH, Hammes HP, Zhang C. Flavonoids in Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072365. [PMID: 35408760 PMCID: PMC9000519 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive systemic disease, which changes the function and structure of the kidneys irreversibly over months or years. The final common pathological manifestation of chronic kidney disease is renal fibrosis and is characterized by glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy, and interstitial fibrosis. In recent years, numerous studies have reported the therapeutic benefits of natural products against modern diseases. Substantial attention has been focused on the biological role of polyphenols, in particular flavonoids, presenting broadly in plants and diets, referring to thousands of plant compounds with a common basic structure. Evidence-based pharmacological data have shown that flavonoids play an important role in preventing and managing CKD and renal fibrosis. These compounds can prevent renal dysfunction and improve renal function by blocking or suppressing deleterious pathways such as oxidative stress and inflammation. In this review, we summarize the function and beneficial properties of common flavonoids for the treatment of CKD and the relative risk factors of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ling Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China;
| | - Ji-Hong Lin
- 5th Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany; (J.-H.L.); (H.-P.H.)
| | - Hans-Peter Hammes
- 5th Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany; (J.-H.L.); (H.-P.H.)
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-027-85726712
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11
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Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Cell Death in Podocytopathies. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030403. [DOI: 10.3390/biom12030403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocytopathies are kidney diseases that are driven by podocyte injury with proteinuria and proteinuria-related symptoms as the main clinical presentations. Albeit podocytopathies are the major contributors to end-stage kidney disease, the underlying molecular mechanisms of podocyte injury remain to be elucidated. Mitochondrial oxidative stress is associated with kidney diseases, and increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of podocytopathies. Accumulating evidence has placed mitochondrial oxidative stress in the focus of cell death research. Excessive generated reactive oxygen species over antioxidant defense under pathological conditions lead to oxidative damage to cellular components and regulate cell death in the podocyte. Conversely, exogenous antioxidants can protect podocyte from cell death. This review provides an overview of the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in podocytopathies and discusses its role in the cell death of the podocyte, aiming to identify the novel targets to improve the treatment of patients with podocytopathies.
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12
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Wang F, Fan J, Pei T, He Z, Zhang J, Ju L, Han Z, Wang M, Xiao W. Effects of Shenkang Pills on Early-Stage Diabetic Nephropathy in db/db Mice via Inhibiting AURKB/RacGAP1/RhoA Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:781806. [PMID: 35222021 PMCID: PMC8873791 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.781806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, so there is an urgent need to suppress its development at early stage. Shenkang pills (SKP) are a hospital prescription selected and optimized from effective traditional Chinese medicinal formulas for clinical treatment of DN. In the present study, liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS) and total contents qualification were applied to generate a quality control standard of SKP. For verifying the therapeutic effects of SKP, db/db mice were administered intragastrically with SKP at a human-equivalent dose (1.82 g/kg) for 4 weeks. Moreover, the underlying mechanism of SKP were analyzed by the renal RNA sequencing and network pharmacology. LC-Q-TOF-MS identified 46 compounds in SKP. The total polysaccharide and organic acid content in SKP were 4.60 and 0.11 mg/ml, respectively, while the total flavonoid, saponin, and protein content were 0.25, 0.31, and 0.42 mg/ml, respectively. Treatment of SKP significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, improved renal function, and ameliorated glomerulosclerosis and focal foot processes effacement in db/db mice. In addition, SKP protected podocytes from injury by increasing nephrin and podocin expression. Furthermore, transcriptome analyses revealed that 430 and 288 genes were up and down-regulated in mice treated with SKP, relative to untreated controls. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes mainly involved in modulation of cell division and chromosome segregation. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis and network pharmacology analysis indicated that aurora kinase B (AURKB), Rac GTPase activating protein 1 (RacGAP1) and SHC binding, and spindle associated 1 (shcbp1) might be the core targets of SKP. This protein and Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) were found overexpression in db/db mice, but significantly decreased with SKP treatment. We conclude that SKP can effectively treat early-stage DN and improve renal podocyte dysfunction. The mechanism may involve down-regulation of the AURKB/RacGAP1/RhoA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Xiao
- *Correspondence: Mingqing Wang, ; Wei Xiao,
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13
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Liu Y, Li Y, Xu L, Shi J, Yu X, Wang X, Li X, Jiang H, Yang T, Yin X, Du L, Lu Q. Quercetin Attenuates Podocyte Apoptosis of Diabetic Nephropathy Through Targeting EGFR Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:792777. [PMID: 35069207 PMCID: PMC8766833 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.792777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocytes injury is one of the leading causes of proteinuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN), and is accompanied by podocytes apoptosis and the reduction of podocyte markers such as synaptopodin and nephrin. Therefore, attenuation of podocyte apoptosis is considered as an effective strategy to prevent the proteinuria in DN. In this study, we evaluated the anti-podocyte-apoptosis effect of quercetin which is a flavonol compound possessing an important role in prevention and treatment of DN and verified the effect by using db/db mice and high glucose (HG)-induced mouse podocytes (MPs). The results show that administration of quercetin attenuated the level of podocyte apoptosis by decreasing the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax, cleaved caspase 3 and increasing the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in the db/db mice and HG-induced MPs. Furthermore, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was predicted to be the potential physiological target of quercetin by network pharmacology. In vitro and vivo experiments confirmed that quercetin inhibited activation of the EGFR signaling pathway by decreasing phosphorylation of EGFR and ERK1/2. Taken together, this study demonstrates that quercetin attenuated podocyte apoptosis through inhibiting EGFR signaling pathway, which provided a novel approach for further research of the mechanism of quercetin in the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Liu Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiasen Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiujuan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xizhi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lei Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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14
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Investigating the Molecular Mechanism of Xijiao Dihuang Decoction for the Treatment of SLE Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5882346. [PMID: 35097123 PMCID: PMC8794658 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5882346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective To elucidate the main mechanism of Xijiao Dihuang decoction (XJDHT) for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM, ETCM, and TCMID databases and literature search were used to screen the potential active compounds of XJDHT, and TCMSP and SwissProt databases were searched to predict the targets of the compounds. The targets of SLE were obtained from Genegards, OMIM, and DisGeNET databases, and Venn online platform was used to obtain the intersection targets of XJDHT and SLE. Afterwards, the PPI network was constructed by using the STRING database, and the core targets were identified by network topology analysis. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed through R software, and molecular docking of the top three core targets and their corresponding compounds were accomplished by Autodock Vina and Pymol softwares. Results There were 30 potential active ingredients, 289 potential targets, and 129 intersection targets screened from the above databases. Network topology analysis identified 23 core targets, such as AKT1, TNF, IL6, IL1B, and INS. GO enrichment analysis obtained 2555 terms and mainly clustering on the react to lipopolysaccharide, membrane raft, and ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding. KEGG enrichment analysis obtained 187 signaling pathways, mainly concentrating on the lipid and atherosclerosis, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, fluid shear stress, and atherosclerosis. Molecular docking verified that the active compounds of XJDHT have the strong binding activity to the core targets. Conclusion This study preliminarily uncovers the mechanism of XJDHT acting on SLE through a “multicompound, multitarget, and multipathway” manner. XJDHT may achieve the treatment of SLE by inhibiting the proinflammatory factors, inflammatory signal cvtokines, proliferation, injury, and apoptosis processes. In summary, the present study would provide a promising theoretical basis for further clinical and experimental studies.
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Magalhães EP, Silva BP, Aires NL, Ribeiro LR, Ali A, Cavalcanti MM, Nunes JVS, Sampaio TL, de Menezes RRPPB, Martins AMC. (-)-α-Bisabolol as a protective agent against epithelial renal cytotoxicity induced by amphotericin B. Life Sci 2021; 291:120271. [PMID: 34974077 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amphotericin B (AmB), used for systemic fungal infections, has a limited clinical application because of its high nephrotoxicity. Natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory substances have been widely studied for protection against drug-induced nephrotoxicity. α-Bisabolol (BIS) has demonstrated a nephroprotective effect on both in vitro and in vivo models. AIMS The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of BIS against AmB-induced nephrotoxicity in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS LLC-MK2 cells were pre- and post-treated with non-toxic BIS concentrations and/or AmB IC50 (13.97 μM). Cell viability was assessed by MTT [(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)] assay. Flow cytometry analyses were used to assess cell death mechanism, production of reactive oxidative stress (ROS) and mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) levels were measured via ELISA. KEY FINDINGS The present work showed that BIS pretreatment (125; 62.5 and 31.25 μM) increased cell viability when compared to the group treated only with AmB IC50. AmB treatment induced both necrosis (7-AAD-labeled cells) and late apoptosis (AnxV-labeled). BIS was able to prevent the occurrence of these events. These effects were associated with a decrease of ROS accumulation, improving transmembrane mitochondrial potential and protecting against tubular cell damage, highlighted by the inhibition of KIM-1 release after BIS treatment. SIGNIFICANCE BIS presented a potential effect on model of renal cytotoxicity induced by AmB, bringing perspectives for the research of new nephroprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Paula Magalhães
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Brenna Pinheiro Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Natália Luna Aires
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lyanna Rodrigues Ribeiro
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Arif Ali
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - João Victor Serra Nunes
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Tiago Lima Sampaio
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Alice Maria Costa Martins
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Zhou W, Sha Y, Zeng J, Zhang X, Zhang A, Ge X. Computational Systems Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and Experiments Reveal the Protective Mechanism of Li-Da-Qian Mixture in the Treatment of Glomerulonephritis. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:6939-6958. [PMID: 34949932 PMCID: PMC8689049 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s338055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glomerulonephritis is a common urinary system disease among children. Growing evidence suggests that traditional Chinese medicine has potential in treating glomerulonephritis, such as Li-Da-Qian mixture. Although its anti-glomerulonephritis and alleviating hematuria effects have been reported, the exact mechanism of Li-Da-Qian mixture devoting to glomerulonephritis remains unexplored. It was necessary to explore the mechanism of Li-Da-Qian mixture against glomerulonephritis using modern technology, such as Chinese medicine database and molecular biological experiments. Methods Online databases were used to look up ingredients and predict targets of Li-Da-Qian mixture against glomerulonephritis. The intersecting targets of Li-Da-Qian mixture and glomerulonephritis were selected for enrichment analysis. Cytoscape software was applied to establish network and MCODE analysis. Molecular docking was used for the primary validation. Furthermore, we examined the function of the core compounds analyzed from Li-Da-Qian mixture to rescue LPS-induced inflammation in vivo and vitro. We also explored whether the core compounds can alleviate TGFβ1-induced renal fibrosis in mouse proximal tubular cells. Results Network pharmacological analysis of Li-Da-Qian evaluated 20 active ingredients including baicalein, luteolin and quercetin. A total of 113 key targets were screened, including IL6, VEGFA, TP53, EGF, MMP2, etc, and they were enriched in AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, TNF and IL-17 signaling pathways. Moreover, the core ingredients succeeded in binding to the main targets via molecular docking, further identifying the anti-glomerulonephritis effects and improvement of vascular injury. Western blotting and qPCR also suggested that baicalein and luteolin can improve inflammation and restore disturbance of mesangial cells or kidney induced by LPS. In addition, baicalein and luteolin inhibited renal fibrosis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yugen Sha
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxia Zeng
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhua Ge
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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17
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Mao Z, Tan Y, Yu F, Zhao M. Discovery of NEU1 as a candidatedone. renal biomarker for proliferative lupus nephritis chronicity. Lupus Sci Med 2021; 8:8/1/e000569. [PMID: 34872988 PMCID: PMC8650488 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2021-000569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Proteomic approach was applied to identify candidate biomarkers of chronicity in patients with proliferative lupus nephritis (LN), and their clinicopathological significance and prognostic values were investigated. METHODS This study recruited 10 patients with proliferative LN and 6 normal controls (NCs) with proteomic data to compare protein expression profiles, 58 patients with proliferative LN and 10 NCs to verify proteomic data by immunohistochemistry, and 14 patients with proliferative LN with urine samples to evaluate the urinary expression of the biomarker by western blot assay. The composite endpoints included end-stage renal disease and ≥50% reduction from baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). RESULTS Proteomics detected 48 proteins upregulated in the group with chronicity index (CI) ≥1 compared with the CI=0 and NC groups. Further pathway analysis was enriched in 'other glycan degradation'. Neuraminidase 1 (NEU1), the most predominant protein in the pathway of other glycan degradation, was highly expressed in the kidney of patients with proliferative LN and could co-localise with podocyte, mesangial cells, endothelial cells and tubule cells. NEU1 expression in the tubulointerstitium area was significantly higher in the CI ≥1 group compared with the CI=0 and NC groups. Moreover, NEU1 expression was significantly correlated with serum creatinine value, eGFR and CI scores, respectively. Urinary NEU1 excretion in the CI ≥1 group was higher than in the CI=0 group and was also positively correlated with CI scores. Furthermore, the high expression of renal NEU1 was identified as an independent risk factor for renal prognosis by multivariate Cox regression analysis (HR, 6.462 (95% CI 1.025 to 40.732), p=0.047). CONCLUSIONS Renal NEU1 expression was associated with pathological CI scores and renal outcomes in patients with proliferative LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaomin Mao
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Nephrology, Peking University Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Tan
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Nephrology, Peking University Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Yu
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China .,Institute of Nephrology, Peking University Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Nephrology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui Zhao
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Nephrology, Peking University Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Treatment of Lupus Nephritis from Iranian Traditional Medicine and Modern Medicine Points of View: A Comparative Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6645319. [PMID: 34795786 PMCID: PMC8595000 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6645319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective Nephritis or kidney inflammation is characterized as one of the most common renal disorders leading to serious damage to the kidneys. Nephritis, especially lupus nephritis (LN), has remained as the main cause of chronic renal failure which needs serious therapeutic approaches such as dialysis and kidney transplant. Heredity, infection, high blood pressure, inflammatory diseases such as lupus erythematosus and inflammatory bowel disease, and drug-related side effects are known as the main causes of the disease. According to Iranian traditional medicine (ITM), infectious diseases and fever are the main reasons of nephritis, which is called “Varam-e-Kolye” (VK). Results There are various plant-based remedies recommended by ITM for the treatment of nephritis, as discussed herein, comparing with those available in the modern medicine. There is no definite cure for the treatment of nephritis, and immunosuppressive drugs such as corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, diuretics, analgesics, and finally dialysis and kidney transplantation are usually used. Based on the efficacy of medicinal plants, jujube (Ziziphus jujuba), almond (Prunus amygdalus), pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita pepo), purslane (Portulaca oleracea), and fig (Ficus carica) were found to be effective for the treatment of kidney inflammation in ITM. Conclusion Considering the fact that there is no efficient strategy for the treatment of nephritis, use of herbal medicine, particularly based on the fruits or nuts that have been safely used for several years can be considered as a versatile supplement along with other therapeutic methods.
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Luo X, Bao X, Weng X, Bai X, Feng Y, Huang J, Liu S, Jia H, Yu B. The protective effect of quercetin on macrophage pyroptosis via TLR2/Myd88/NF-κB and ROS/AMPK pathway. Life Sci 2021; 291:120064. [PMID: 34688696 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Pyroptosis is a pro-inflammatory form of programmed cell death, which plays a vital role in the development of inflammatory diseases. As a natural flavonoid, quercetin has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory activity, but its effects on macrophage pyroptosis is still unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of quercetin on macrophage pyroptosis and the underlying mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS LPS/ATP treatment was used to induce THP-1 macrophage pyroptosis. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to evaluate cell viability. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to detect cell morphology. Hoechst/propidium iodide (PI) staining and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay were performed to evaluate the cell membrane integrity. The expression of key components and effectors of nod-like receptors3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were examined by real-time PCR and western blot. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and P65 nuclear translocation. KEY FINDINGS Our results showed that quercetin prevented THP-1 macrophage pyroptosis by reducing the expression of NLRP3 and cleaved-caspase1, as well as IL-1β and N-GSDMD in a concentration dependent manner. Quercetin suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation by inhibiting ROS overproduction. Moreover, quercetin inhibited the phosphorylation of P65 and its translocation from cytoplasm into nuclear. In addition, we found that quercetin suppressed the increase of TLR2/Myd88 and p-AMPK induced by LPS/ATP, while both TLR2 and AMPK agonist weakened the inhibitory effect of quercetin on the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome and alleviated the protective effect on macrophages pyroptosis. SIGNIFICANCE Quercetin possesses a protective effect on macrophages pyroptosis via TLR2/Myd88/NF-κB and ROS/AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Luo
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Xiaoyi Bao
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Xiuzhu Weng
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Xiaoxuan Bai
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Jianxin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Shaoyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Bin xian People's Hospital, Harbin 150400, PR China
| | - Haibo Jia
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China.
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
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Exploring the mechanism of Jianpi Qushi Huayu Formula in the treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis based on network pharmacology. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2021; 394:2451-2470. [PMID: 34618179 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02159-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This study was to explore the effective components, potential targets, and pathways of Jianpi Qushi Huayu Formula (JQHF) for the treatment of chronic glomerulonephritics (CGN). First, the Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), GeneCards, and OMIM databases were used to collect the major active components of JQHF and potential therapeutic targets of CGN. Then, functional enrichment analysis was performed to clarify the mechanisms of the JQHF on CGN. Subsequently, molecular docking was simulated to assess the binding ability of key targets and major active components. Finally, quantitative real-time PCR and western blot were performed for experimental verification of cells in vitro. A total of 55 active ingredients contained and 220 putative identified targets were screened from JQHF, of which 112 overlapped with the targets of CGN and were considered potential therapeutic targets. Then, we found quercetin and kaempferol are two key ingredients of JQHF, which may act on the top 10 screened targets of PPI, affecting CGN through related signal transduction pathways. Subsequently, molecular docking predicted that quercetin and kaempferol bind firm with the top 10 core targets of PPI. Further experiment verified some results and showed that JQHF has protected glomerular mesangial cells from lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by inhibiting expressions of IL6, TNF-α, and AKT1, and activating expressions of VEGFA. Based on network pharmacology, we explored the multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway characteristics of JQHF in treating CGN, and found that JQHF could act on IL6, TNF-α, VEGFA, and AKT1 to exert the effect of anti-CGN, which provided new ideas and methods for further research on the mechanism of JQHF in treating CGN.
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Zheng X, Zhong Q, Lin X, Gu X, Ling X, Liang Z, Qin Q, Du X. Transforming growth factor-β1-induced podocyte injury is associated with increased microRNA-155 expression, enhanced inflammatory responses and MAPK pathway activation. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:620. [PMID: 33936277 PMCID: PMC8082603 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) is associated with various diseases. However, the potential role of miR-155 in early glomerular disease (EGD) remains elusive. In the present study, the clinical significance of urinary miR-155 expression was explored in patients with EGD using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Conditionally immortalized mouse podocytes were cultured in vitro and treated with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) at different concentrations and durations. The gene expression levels of mRNAs and miR-155 were detected using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Synaptopodin, CD2-associated protein (CD2AP), p38, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) 1/2 expressions were detected using western blotting. Cell supernatants were collected for assaying tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 concentrations using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between miR-155 levels and TNF-α or IL-6. It was found that miR-155 levels in urine have high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of EGD. Time- and dose-dependent TGF-β1 treatments downregulated synaptopodin and CD2AP expression levels, and activated the p38 and Erk 1/2 pathway. However, these effects were attenuated by p38 and Erk 1/2 phosphorylation inhibitors. Additionally, TNF-α and IL-6 secretions were elevated, and their concentrations were positively correlated with the expression of miR-155 during podocyte injury. Thus, the present study indicated that miR-155 is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of EGD, and its expression is associated with the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in TGF-β1-induced podocyte injury. The present study suggests that the TGF-β1/miR-155/MAPK axis is a novel target in the mechanism of EGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Qiuhong Zhong
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Xianjun Gu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Ling
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Liang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Qing Qin
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Xiuri Du
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
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22
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Wlazlo E, Mehrad B, Morel L, Scindia Y. Iron Metabolism: An Under Investigated Driver of Renal Pathology in Lupus Nephritis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:643686. [PMID: 33912577 PMCID: PMC8071941 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.643686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephritis is a common manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus, a condition associated with inflammation and iron imbalance. Renal tubules are the work horse of the nephron. They contain a large number of mitochondria that require iron for oxidative phosphorylation, and a tight control of intracellular iron prevents excessive generation of reactive oxygen species. Iron supply to the kidney is dependent on systemic iron availability, which is regulated by the hepcidin-ferroportin axis. Most of the filtered plasma iron is reabsorbed in proximal tubules, a process that is controlled in part by iron regulatory proteins. This review summarizes tubulointerstitial injury in lupus nephritis and current understanding of how renal tubular cells regulate intracellular iron levels, highlighting the role of iron imbalance in the proximal tubules as a driver of tubulointerstitial injury in lupus nephritis. We propose a model based on the dynamic ability of iron to catalyze reactive oxygen species, which can lead to an accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides in proximal tubular epithelial cells. These iron-catalyzed oxidative species can also accentuate protein and autoantibody-induced inflammatory transcription factors leading to matrix, cytokine/chemokine production and immune cell infiltration. This could potentially explain the interplay between increased glomerular permeability and the ensuing tubular injury, tubulointerstitial inflammation and progression to renal failure in LN, and open new avenues of research to develop novel therapies targeting iron metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Wlazlo
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Borna Mehrad
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Yogesh Scindia
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Division of Nephrology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Rodgers J, Sundararaj K, Bruner E, Wolf B, Nowling TK. The role of neuraminidase 1 (NEU1) in cytokine release by primary mouse mesangial cells and disease outcomes in murine lupus nephritis. Autoimmunity 2021; 54:163-175. [PMID: 33749450 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2021.1897978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The importance of altered glycosphingolipid (GSL) metabolism is increasingly gaining attention as a characteristic of multiple chronic kidney diseases. Previously, we reported elevated levels of GSLs and neuraminidase (NEU) enzyme activity/expression in the urine or kidney of lupus patients and lupus-prone mice, and demonstrated NEU activity mediates the production of cytokines by lupus-prone mouse primary mesangial cells. This mediation occurs in part through TLR4 and p38/ERK MAPK signalling in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lupus serum (LS). However, the precise role of NEU1, the most abundant NEU in the kidney, is incompletely known. In this study, we investigated the effect of genetically reduced Neu1 levels in vitro and in vivo. Mesangial cells from non-autoimmune prone Neu1+/- C57BL/6 mice had significantly reduced NEU activity, cytokine expression and cytokine secretion in response to LS and LPS, thereby suggesting reducing Neu1 expression may reduce the inflammatory response in lupus nephritis. Disease was assessed in female B6.SLE1/2/3 lupus-prone mice with genetically reduced levels (Neu1+/-) or wild-type levels (Neu1+/+) of Neu1 from 28 to 44 weeks of age along with aged-matched C57BL/6 controls. Renal disease was unexpectedly mild in all B6.SLE1/2/3 mice despite evidence of systemic disease. B6.SLE1/2/3 Neu1+/- mice exhibited significantly reduced levels of renal NEU1 expression and changes in renal α-2,6 linked sialylated N-glycans compared to the Neu1+/+ or healthy C57BL/6 mice, but measures of renal and systemic disease were similar between the B6.SLE1/2/3 Neu1+/+ and Neu1+/- mice. We conclude that NEU1 is the NEU largely responsible for mediating cytokine release by mesangial cells, at least in vitro, but may not be involved in modulating renal GSL levels in vivo or impact onset of nephritis in lupus-prone mice. However, the effect of reduced NEU1 levels on disease may not be appreciated in the mild disease expression in our colony of B6.SLE1/2/3 mice. The impact of the altered renal sialylated N-glycan levels and potential role of NEU1 with respect to established nephritis (late disease) in lupus-prone mice bears further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessalyn Rodgers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Kamala Sundararaj
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Evelyn Bruner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Bethany Wolf
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Tamara K Nowling
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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24
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Favero G, Moretti E, Krajčíková K, Tomečková V, Rezzani R. Evidence of Polyphenols Efficacy against Dry Eye Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020190. [PMID: 33525721 PMCID: PMC7911148 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease is a multifactorial pathology compromising the quality of life of patients, resulting in significant damage of the ocular surface and discomfort. The current therapeutical strategies are not able to definitively resolve the underlying causes and stop the symptoms. Polyphenols are promising natural molecules that are receiving increasing attention for their activity/effects in counteracting the main pathologic mechanisms of dry eye disease and reducing its symptoms. In the present review, a deep literature search focusing on the main polyphenols tested against dry eye disease was conducted, analyzing related in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies to provide a comprehensive and current review on the state of the art. Polyphenols present multiple effects against dry eye diseases-related ocular surface injury. In particular, the observed beneficial effects of polyphenols on corneal cells are the reduction of the pathological processes of inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis and modulation of the tear film. Due to numerous studies reporting that polyphenols are effective and safe for treating the pathological mechanisms of this ocular surface disease, we believe that future studies should confirm and extend the evidence of polyphenols efficacy in clinical practice against dry eye disease and help to develop new ophthalmic drug(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Favero
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.F.); (E.M.)
| | - Enrico Moretti
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.F.); (E.M.)
| | - Kristína Krajčíková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 12 Košice, Slovakia; (K.K.); (V.T.)
| | - Vladimíra Tomečková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 12 Košice, Slovakia; (K.K.); (V.T.)
| | - Rita Rezzani
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.F.); (E.M.)
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research “Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs (ARTO)”, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Xu WD, Su LC, Liu XY, Wang JM, Yuan ZC, Qin Z, Zhou XP, Huang AF. IL-38: A novel cytokine in systemic lupus erythematosus pathogenesis. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12379-12389. [PMID: 33079487 PMCID: PMC7686966 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
IL‐38 is a newly identified cytokine that belongs to the IL‐1 family. In our previous study, we found elevated plasma levels of IL‐38 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the clear relationship of IL‐38 expression in plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and clinical and laboratory features needs elucidation. Additionally, we evaluated the possible role of IL‐38 in regulating production of inflammatory cytokines in PBMCs in vitro. A pristane‐induced murine lupus model was used to further demonstrate the effects of IL‐38 on cytokines in vivo and discuss the significance of IL‐38 in lupus development. The results showed that mRNA expression of IL‐38 in PBMCs of patients with SLE was elevated compared with volunteers, and expression of IL‐38 in both plasma and PBMCs was strongly related to clinical features, such as haematuria and proteinuria, and correlated with a SLEDAI score. Plasma levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6 and IL‐23 were elevated in patients with SLE and were related to plasma levels of IL‐38. In vitro, PBMCs of patients with SLE stimulated with IL‐38 showed a decreased expression of the four inflammatory cytokines compared with PBMCs of patients without treatment. Interestingly, IL‐38 administration in lupus mice significantly reduced the development of lupus, such as reduced proteinuria, improved histological examinations of the kidneys and down‐regulated inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, IL‐38 may suppress synthesis of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and therefore regulate lupus pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Dong Xu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lin-Chong Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Liu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jia-Min Wang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Yuan
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xi-Ping Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - An-Fang Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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26
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Gao Y, Wang KX, Wang P, Li X, Chen JJ, Zhou BY, Tian JS, Guan DG, Qin XM, Lu AP. A Novel Network Pharmacology Strategy to Decode Mechanism of Lang Chuang Wan in Treating Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:512877. [PMID: 33117150 PMCID: PMC7562735 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.512877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex disease is a cascade process which is associated with functional abnormalities in multiple proteins and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. One drug one target has not been able to perfectly intervene complex diseases. Increasing evidences show that Chinese herb formula usually treats complex diseases in the form of multi-components and multi-targets. The key step to elucidate the underlying mechanism of formula in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is to optimize and capture the important components in the formula. At present, there are several formula optimization models based on network pharmacology has been proposed. Most of these models focus on the 2D/3D similarity of chemical structure of drug components and ignore the functional optimization space based on relationship between pathogenetic genes and drug targets. How to select the key group of effective components (KGEC) from the formula of TCM based on the optimal space which link pathogenic genes and drug targets is a bottleneck problem in network pharmacology. To address this issue, we designed a novel network pharmacological model, which takes Lang Chuang Wan (LCW) treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) as the case. We used the weighted gene regulatory network and active components targets network to construct disease-targets-components network, after filtering through the network attribute degree, the optimization space and effective proteins were obtained. And then the KGEC was selected by using contribution index (CI) model based on knapsack algorithm. The results show that the enriched pathways of effective proteins we selected can cover 96% of the pathogenetic genes enriched pathways. After reverse analysis of effective proteins and optimization with CI index model, KGEC with 82 components were obtained, and 105 enriched pathways of KGEC targets were consistent with enriched pathways of pathogenic genes (80.15%). Finally, the key components in KGEC of LCW were evaluated by in vitro experiments. These results indicate that the proposed model with good accuracy in screening the KGEC in the formula of TCM, which provides reference for the optimization and mechanism analysis of the formula in TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ke-xin Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Peng Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing-jing Chen
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Zhijiang College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Shaoxing, China
| | - Bo-ya Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun-sheng Tian
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dao-gang Guan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-mei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ai-ping Lu
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Mattos BDS, Soares MSP, Spohr L, Pedra NS, Teixeira FC, Souza AA, Stefanello FM, Baldissarelli J, Gamaro GD, Spanevello RM. Quercetin prevents alterations of behavioral parameters, delta‐aminolevulinic dehydratase activity, and oxidative damage in brain of rats in a prenatal model of autism. Int J Dev Neurosci 2020; 80:287-302. [DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna da Silveira Mattos
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção ‐ Laboratório de Neuroquímica Inflamação e Câncer Centro de Ciências Químicas Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brazil
| | - Mayara Sandrielly Pereira Soares
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção ‐ Laboratório de Neuroquímica Inflamação e Câncer Centro de Ciências Químicas Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brazil
| | - Luiza Spohr
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção ‐ Laboratório de Neuroquímica Inflamação e Câncer Centro de Ciências Químicas Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brazil
| | - Nathalia Stark Pedra
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção ‐ Laboratório de Neuroquímica Inflamação e Câncer Centro de Ciências Químicas Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brazil
| | - Fernanda Cardoso Teixeira
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção ‐ Laboratório de Neuroquímica Inflamação e Câncer Centro de Ciências Químicas Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brazil
| | - Anita Avila Souza
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção ‐ Laboratório de Neuroquímica Inflamação e Câncer Centro de Ciências Químicas Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brazil
| | - Francieli Moro Stefanello
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção ‐ Laboratório de Biomarcadores Centro de Ciências Químicas Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brazil
| | - Jucimara Baldissarelli
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção ‐ Laboratório de Neuroquímica Inflamação e Câncer Centro de Ciências Químicas Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brazil
| | - Giovana Duzzo Gamaro
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção ‐ Laboratório de Neuroquímica Inflamação e Câncer Centro de Ciências Químicas Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brazil
| | - Roselia Maria Spanevello
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção ‐ Laboratório de Neuroquímica Inflamação e Câncer Centro de Ciências Químicas Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brazil
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Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Zhibai Dihuang Wan in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Based on Network Biology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:7842179. [PMID: 32351603 PMCID: PMC7178533 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7842179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a refractory autoimmune disease. Zhibai Dihuang Wan (ZDW) has frequently been used for treating SLE in China and been proved to have a prominent role in decreasing SLE patients’ morality rate. However, the active substances in ZDW and the molecular mechanisms of ZDW in SLE remain unclear. This study identified the bioactive compounds and delineated the molecular targets and potential pathways of ZDW by using a network biology approach. First, we collected putative targets of ZDW based on TCMSP, GeneCards, and STITCH databases and built a network containing the interactions between the putative targets of ZDW and known therapeutic targets of SLE. Then, the key hubs were imported to DAVID Bioinformatics Resources 6.7 to perform gene ontology biological process (GOBP) and pathway enrichment analysis. A total of 95 nodes including 73 putative targets of ZDW were determined as major hubs in terms of their node degree. The results of GOBP and pathway enrichment analysis indicated that putative targets of ZDW mostly were involved in various pathways associated with inflammatory response and apoptosis. More importantly, eleven putative targets of ZDW (CASP3, BCL2, BAX, CYCS, NFKB1, NFKBIA, IL-6, IL-1β, PTGS2, CCL2, and TNF-α) were recognized as active factors involved in the main biological functions of treatment, implying the underlying mechanisms of ZDW acting on SLE. This study provides novel insights into the mechanisms of ZDW in SLE, from the molecular level to the pathway level.
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Kanno Y, Miyashita M, Seishima M, Matsuo O. α2AP is associated with the development of lupus nephritis through the regulation of plasmin inhibition and inflammatory responses. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2020; 8:267-278. [PMID: 32237065 PMCID: PMC7416015 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which is a chronic autoimmune disease. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying this disorder have remained unclear. Alpha2‐antiplasmin (α2AP) is known to perform various functions, such as plasmin inhibition and cytokine production, and to be associated with immune and inflammatory responses. Methods We investigated the roles of α2AP in the pathogenesis of LN using a pristane‐induced lupus mouse model. Results The levels of plasmin‐α2AP complex and α2AP were elevated in the lupus model mice. In addition, α2AP deficiency attenuated the pristane‐induced glomerular cell proliferation, mesangial matrix expansion, collagen production, fibrin deposition, immunoglobulin G deposition, and proinflammatory cytokine production in the model mice. We also showed that interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), which is an essential inducer of LN, induced α2AP production through the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) pathway in fibroblasts. In addition, plasmin attenuated the IFN‐γ‐induced proinflammatory cytokine production through the AMPK pathway in macrophages, and α2AP eliminated these effects. Furthermore, we showed that α2AP induced proinflammatory cytokine production through the ERK1/2 and JNK pathways in macrophages. Conclusion α2AP regulates the inflammatory responses through plasmin inhibition and proinflammatory cytokine production and is associated with the development of LN. Our findings may be used to develop a novel therapeutic approach for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Kanno
- Department of Clinical Pathological Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Mei Miyashita
- Department of Clinical Pathological Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mariko Seishima
- Department of Dermatology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Osamu Matsuo
- Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan
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Identifying Synergistic Mechanisms of Multiple Ingredients in Shuangbai Tablets against Proteinuria by Virtual Screening and a Network Pharmacology Approach. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:1027271. [PMID: 32025234 PMCID: PMC6984745 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1027271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Shuangbai Tablets (SBT), a traditional herbal mixture, has shown substantial clinical efficacy. However, a systematic mechanism of its active ingredients and pharmacological mechanisms of action against proteinuria continues being lacking. A network pharmacology approach was effectual in discovering the relationship of multiple ingredients and targets of the herbal mixture. This study aimed to identify key targets, major active ingredients, and pathways of SBT against proteinuria by network pharmacology approach combined with thin layer chromatography (TLC). Human phenotype (HP) disease analysis, gene ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and molecular docking were used in this study. To this end, a total of 48 candidate targets of 118 active ingredients of SBT were identified. Network analysis showed PTGS2, ESR1, and NOS2 to be the three key targets, and beta-sitosterol, quercetin, and berberine were the three major active ingredients; among them one of the major active ingredients, quercetin, was discriminated by TLC. These results of the functional enrichment analysis indicated that the most relevant disease including these 48 candidate proteins is proteinuria, SBT treated proteinuria by sympathetically regulating multiple biological pathways, such as the HIF-1, RAS, AGE-RAGE, and VEGF signaling pathways. Additionally, molecular docking validation suggested that major active ingredients of SBT were capable of binding to HIF-1A and VEGFA of the main pathways. Consequently, key targets, major active ingredients, and pathways based on data analysis of SBT against proteinuria were systematically identified confirming its utility and providing a new drug against proteinuria.
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Pannu N, Bhatnagar A. Oxidative stress and immune complexes: Pathogenic mechanisms in pristane induced murine model of lupus. Immunobiology 2020; 225:151871. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Saccol RDSP, da Silveira KL, Manzoni AG, Abdalla FH, de Oliveira JS, Dornelles GL, Barbisan F, Passos DF, Casali EA, de Andrade CM, da Cruz IBM, Leal DBR. Antioxidant, hepatoprotective, genoprotective, and cytoprotective effects of quercetin in a murine model of arthritis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:2792-2801. [PMID: 31691375 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a highly debilitating inflammatory autoimmune disease which is characterized by joint destruction. The present study sought to investigate the effect of quercetin in rats with complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis. Animals were divided into control/saline, control/quercetin (5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, and 50 mg/kg) arthritis/saline, and arthritis/quercetin (5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, and 50 mg/kg); the treatments were administered for 45 days. Biochemical, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and cytotoxicity parameters were evaluated. All doses of quercetin reduced the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, and reactive oxygen species; however, only treatment with 25 or 50 mg/kg increased catalase activity. Total thiol and reduced glutathione levels were not significantly affected by the induction nor by the treatments. Genotoxicity assessed by DNA damage, and cytotoxicity through picogreen assay, decreased after treatments with quercetin. Our results present evidence of the antioxidant, cytoprotective, genoprotective and hepatoprotective, and effects of quercetin, demonstrating its potential as a candidate for coadjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata da Silva Pereira Saccol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.,Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Karine Lanes da Silveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.,Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Alessandra Guedes Manzoni
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Fátima Husein Abdalla
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Juliana Sorraila de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Guilherme Lopes Dornelles
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Barbisan
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.,Laboratório de Biogenômica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Daniela Ferreira Passos
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Emerson André Casali
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | - Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Ivana Beatrice Mânica da Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.,Laboratório de Biogenômica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Daniela Bitencourt Rosa Leal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.,Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
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Urbonaviciute V, Luo H, Sjöwall C, Bengtsson A, Holmdahl R. Low Production of Reactive Oxygen Species Drives Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:826-835. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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NLRP3 Inflammasome Modulation by Melatonin Supplementation in Chronic Pristane-Induced Lupus Nephritis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143466. [PMID: 31311094 PMCID: PMC6678949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a kidney inflammatory disease caused by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). NLRP3 inflammasome activation is implicated in LN pathogenesis, suggesting its potential targets for LN treatment. Melatonin, an endogenous indoleamine, is considered an important multitasking molecule that has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)-mediated inflammatory responses in vivo. This molecule has also protective effects against the activation of the inflammasomes and, in particular, the NLRP3 inflammasome. Thus, this work evaluated the effect of melatonin on morphological alteration and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in LN pristane mouse models. To evaluate the melatonin effects in these mice, we studied the renal cytoarchitecture by means of morphological analyses and immunohistochemical expression of specific markers related to oxidative stress, inflammation and inflammasome activation. Our results showed that melatonin attenuates pristane-induced LN through restoring of morphology and attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation through a pathway that inhibited activation of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Our data clearly demonstrate that melatonin has protective activity on lupus nephritis in these mice that is highly associated with its effect on enhancing the Nrf2 antioxidant signaling pathway and decreasing renal NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Correa Freitas E, Evelyn Karnopp T, de Souza Silva JM, Cavalheiro do Espírito Santo R, da Rosa TH, de Oliveira MS, da Costa Gonçalves F, de Oliveira FH, Guilherme Schaefer P, André Monticielo O. Vitamin D supplementation ameliorates arthritis but does not alleviates renal injury in pristane-induced lupus model. Autoimmunity 2019; 52:69-77. [PMID: 31088305 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2019.1613383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifactorial and autoimmune inflammatory disease with pleomorphic clinical manifestations involving different organs and tissues. The study of different murine models has provided a better understanding of these autoimmune phenomena. Pristane-induced lupus represents a suitable model to study factors that could influence the induction and/or progression of SLE, including genetic factors. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the development and evolution of SLE after vitamin D supplementation in PIL model. Here, we evaluated the effects of vitamin D supplementation in model of pristane-induced SLE in female BALB/c mice. The animals were randomly divided into three groups: control group (CO), pristane-induced lupus group (PIL) and pristane-induced lupus group plus vitamin D (VD). Lupus was induced in PIL and VD groups using pristane. PIL group showed arthritis and kidney injury, characterized by increased proteinuria, glomerular mesangial expansion and inflammation. Moreover, PIL model showed increased levels of IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ in serum. We observed that treatment with vitamin D improved arthritis through reduced of incidence and arthritis clinical score and edema, but does not influenced renal injury. Treatment with vitamin D was not able to reduce proteinuria levels, decrease mesangial hypercellularity or IgG and IgM deposition in the kidney. Vitamin D supplementation did not alter IL-6, TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-4, but reduce IFN-γ. These results support that the role of vitamin D may be different depending on acting site, what could explain different responses according clinical phenotype. Therefore, further investigations of vitamin D are needed to explore the supplement dosage, timing, and the molecular basis in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Correa Freitas
- a Laboratory of Autoimmune Diseases, Division of Rheumatology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,b Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences , School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,c Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Thaís Evelyn Karnopp
- a Laboratory of Autoimmune Diseases, Division of Rheumatology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,b Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences , School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,c Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Jordana Miranda de Souza Silva
- a Laboratory of Autoimmune Diseases, Division of Rheumatology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,b Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences , School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,c Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Rafaela Cavalheiro do Espírito Santo
- a Laboratory of Autoimmune Diseases, Division of Rheumatology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,b Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences , School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,c Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Thales Hein da Rosa
- a Laboratory of Autoimmune Diseases, Division of Rheumatology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,c Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Mayara Souza de Oliveira
- d Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology , School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Fabiany da Costa Gonçalves
- a Laboratory of Autoimmune Diseases, Division of Rheumatology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Francine Hehn de Oliveira
- e Department of Surgical Pathology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Pedro Guilherme Schaefer
- e Department of Surgical Pathology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Odirlei André Monticielo
- a Laboratory of Autoimmune Diseases, Division of Rheumatology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,c Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
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De Sousa JA, Prado LDS, Alderete BL, Boaretto FBM, Allgayer MC, Miguel FM, De Sousa JT, Marroni NP, Lemes MLB, Corrêa DS, Ferraz ADBF, Picada JN. Toxicological aspects of Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg. associated with its phytochemical profile. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:62-74. [PMID: 30741125 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1562392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Campomanesia xanthocarpa leaves are used as tea to treat diarrhea, inflammation, and hypercholesterolemia. Some pharmacological studies noted its beneficial uses of C. xanthocarpa; however, few investigations examined the toxicological profile of this plant. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition, genotoxic, and mutagenic potential of an aqueous extract of C. xanthocarpa leaves (CxAE), and potential protective effects against oxidative damage. Phytochemical constituents were determined using HPLC, and antioxidant effect in vitro was measured using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical assay. Genotoxic effects and chromosomic mutations were assessed using comet assay and micronucleus (MN) test in Wistar rats treated with CxAE at 250, 500 or 1000 mg/kg for 7 consecutive days. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities were measured in several tissues. CxAE induced mutations in TA98, TA97a, and TA102 strains. However, in the presence of metabolic activation, data were negative for all strains tested. Lack of mutagenicity was also observed in the MN test. This extract did not induce DNA damage, except when the highest concentration was used. DNA oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) decreased in blood after treatment with CxAE. Lipid peroxidation levels were reduced while superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased in kidneys. The inhibitory concentration of CxAE required to lower DPPH levels to 50% was 38.47 ± 2.06 μg/ml. In conclusion, frameshift and oxidative mutations were observed only in the absence of metabolic activation which may be attributed to the presence of flavonoids such as quercetin. It is of interest that CxAE also showed protective effects against DNA oxidative damage associated with presence of ellagic acid, a phenolic acid with antioxidant activities. CxAE did not induce in vivo mutagenicity, suggesting that this extract poses a low toxic hazard over the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joubert Aires De Sousa
- a Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Lismare da Silva Prado
- a Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Bárbara Lopes Alderete
- a Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | | | - Mariangela C Allgayer
- b Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Veterinary Hospital , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Fabiano Moraes Miguel
- c Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Jayne Torres De Sousa
- c Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Norma Possa Marroni
- c Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Maria Luísa Brodt Lemes
- d Laboratory of Pharmacognosis and Phytochemistry , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Dione Silva Corrêa
- e Center for Research in Product and Development (CEPPED) , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
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Podoplanin in Inflammation and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030707. [PMID: 30736372 PMCID: PMC6386838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin is a small cell-surface mucin-like glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in the development of the alveoli, heart, and lymphatic vascular system. Emerging evidence indicates that it is also involved in the control of mammary stem-cell activity and biogenesis of platelets in the bone marrow, and exerts an important function in the immune response. Podoplanin expression is upregulated in different cell types, including fibroblasts, macrophages, T helper cells, and epithelial cells, during inflammation and cancer, where it plays important roles. Podoplanin is implicated in chronic inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis, promotes inflammation-driven and cancer-associated thrombosis, and stimulates cancer cell invasion and metastasis through a variety of strategies. To accomplish its biological functions, podoplanin must interact with other proteins located in the same cell or in neighbor cells. The binding of podoplanin to its ligands leads to modulation of signaling pathways that regulate proliferation, contractility, migration, epithelial⁻mesenchymal transition, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. In this review, we describe the diverse roles of podoplanin in inflammation and cancer, depict the protein ligands of podoplanin identified so far, and discuss the mechanistic basis for the involvement of podoplanin in all these processes.
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