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Mendez-Callejas G, Piñeros-Avila M, Celis CA, Torrenegra R, Espinosa-Benitez A, Pestana-Nobles R, Yosa-Reyes J. Natural 2',4-Dihydroxy-4',6'-dimethoxy Chalcone Isolated from Chromolaena tacotana Inhibits Breast Cancer Cell Growth through Autophagy and Mitochondrial Apoptosis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:570. [PMID: 38475417 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers among women. Effective treatment requires precise tailoring to the genetic makeup of the cancer for improved efficacy. Numerous research studies have concentrated on natural compounds and their anti-breast cancer properties to improve the existing treatment options. Chromolaena tacotana (Klatt) R.M. King and H. Rob (Ch. tacotana) is a notable source of bioactive hydroxy-methylated flavonoids. However, the specific anti-BC mechanisms of these flavonoids, particularly those present in the plant's inflorescences, remain partly undefined. This study focuses on assessing a chalcone derivative extracted from Ch. tacotana inflorescences for its potential to concurrently activate regulated autophagy and intrinsic apoptosis in luminal A and triple-negative BC cells. We determined the chemical composition of the chalcone using ultraviolet (UV) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Its selective cytotoxicity against BC cell lines was assessed using the MTT assay. Flow cytometry and Western blot analysis were employed to examine the modulation of proteins governing autophagy and the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Additionally, in silico simulations were conducted to predict interactions between chalcone and various anti-apoptotic proteins, including the mTOR protein. Chalcone was identified as 2',4-dihydroxy-4',6'-dimethoxy-chalcone (DDC). This compound demonstrated a selective inhibition of BC cell proliferation and triggered autophagy and intrinsic apoptosis. It induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase and altered mitochondrial outer membrane potential (∆ψm). The study detected the activation of autophagic LC3-II and mitochondrial pro-apoptotic proteins in both BC cell lines. The regulation of Bcl-XL and Bcl-2 proteins varied according to the BC subtype, yet they showed promising molecular interactions with DDC. Among the examined pro-survival proteins, mTOR and Mcl-1 exhibited the most favorable binding energies and were downregulated in BC cell lines. Further research is needed to fully understand the molecular dynamics involved in the activation and interaction of autophagy and apoptosis pathways in cancer cells in response to potential anticancer agents, like the hydroxy-methylated flavonoids from Ch. tacotana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Mendez-Callejas
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas y de Genética Humana Aplicada (GIBGA), Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A.), Calle 222 #55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia
| | - Marco Piñeros-Avila
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas y de Genética Humana Aplicada (GIBGA), Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A.), Calle 222 #55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia
| | - Crispin A Celis
- Grupo de Investigación en Fitoquímica (GIFUJ), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cra. 7 #40-62, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Ruben Torrenegra
- Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales de la U.D.C.A. (PRONAUDCA), Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A.), Calle 222 #55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia
| | - Anderson Espinosa-Benitez
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas y de Genética Humana Aplicada (GIBGA), Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A.), Calle 222 #55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia
| | - Roberto Pestana-Nobles
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Exactas, Física y Naturales Aplicadas, Laboratorio de Simulación Molecular y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Carrera 59 #59-65, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Juvenal Yosa-Reyes
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Exactas, Física y Naturales Aplicadas, Laboratorio de Simulación Molecular y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Carrera 59 #59-65, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
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Rullah K, Shamsudin NF, Koeberle A, Tham CL, Fasihi Mohd Aluwi MF, Leong SW, Jantan I, Lam KW. Flavonoid diversity and roles in the lipopolysaccharide-mediated inflammatory response of monocytes and macrophages. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:75-99. [PMID: 38205612 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/toll-like receptor 4 signaling in mononuclear phagocytes has been explored for the treatment of inflammation and inflammation-related disorders. However, only a few key targets have been translated into clinical applications. Flavonoids, a class of ubiquitous plant secondary metabolites, possess a privileged scaffold which serves as a valuable template for designing pharmacologically active compounds directed against diseases with inflammatory components. This perspective provides a general overview of the diversity of flavonoids and their multifaceted mechanisms that interfere with LPS-induced signaling in monocytes and macrophages. Focus is placed on flavonoids targeting MD-2, IκB kinases, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38 MAPK and PI3K/Akt or modulating LPS-related gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Rullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Nur Farisya Shamsudin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Michael Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Chau Ling Tham
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd Aluwi
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Sze-Wei Leong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Kok Wai Lam
- Centre for Drug & Herbal Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Mendez-Callejas G, Piñeros-Avila M, Yosa-Reyes J, Pestana-Nobles R, Torrenegra R, Camargo-Ubate MF, Bello-Castro AE, Celis CA. A Novel Tri-Hydroxy-Methylated Chalcone Isolated from Chromolaena tacotana with Anti-Cancer Potential Targeting Pro-Survival Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15185. [PMID: 37894866 PMCID: PMC10607159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromolaena tacotana (Klatt) R. M. King and H. Rob (Ch. tacotana) contains bioactive flavonoids that may have antioxidant and/or anti-cancer properties. This study investigated the potential anti-cancer properties of a newly identified chalcone isolated from the inflorescences of the plant Chromolaena tacotana (Klatt) R. M. King and H. Rob (Ch. tacotana). The chalcone structure was determined using HPLC/MS (QTOF), UV, and NMR spectroscopy. The compound cytotoxicity and selectivity were evaluated on prostate, cervical, and breast cancer cell lines using the MTT assay. Apoptosis and autophagy induction were assessed through flow cytometry by detecting annexin V/7-AAD, active Casp3/7, and LC3B proteins. These results were supported by Western blot analysis. Mitochondrial effects on membrane potential, as well as levels of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins were analyzed using flow cytometry, fluorescent microscopy, and Western blot analysis specifically on a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line. Furthermore, molecular docking (MD) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to evaluate the interaction between the compounds and pro-survival proteins. The compound identified as 2',3,4-trihydroxy-4',6'-dimethoxy chalcone inhibited the cancer cell line proliferation and induced apoptosis and autophagy. MDA-MB-231, a TNBC cell line, exhibited the highest sensitivity to the compound with good selectivity. This activity was associated with the regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of the pro-apoptotic proteins, and reduction of anti-apoptotic proteins, thereby triggering the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. The chalcone consistently interacted with anti-apoptotic proteins, particularly the Bcl-2 protein, throughout the simulation period. However, there was a noticeable conformational shift observed with the negative autophagy regulator mTOR protein. Future studies should focus on the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-cancer potential of the new chalcone and other flavonoids from Ch. tacotana, particularly against predominant cancer cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Mendez-Callejas
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas y de Genética Humana Aplicada (GIBGA), Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A), Calle 222 # 55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia;
| | - Marco Piñeros-Avila
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas y de Genética Humana Aplicada (GIBGA), Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A), Calle 222 # 55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia;
| | - Juvenal Yosa-Reyes
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Exactas, Física y Naturales Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Laboratorio de Simulación Molecular y Bioinformática, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Carrera 59 # 59-65, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia; (J.Y.-R.)
| | - Roberto Pestana-Nobles
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Exactas, Física y Naturales Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Laboratorio de Simulación Molecular y Bioinformática, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Carrera 59 # 59-65, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia; (J.Y.-R.)
| | - Ruben Torrenegra
- Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales de la U.D.C.A. (PRONAUDCA), Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A), Calle 222 # 55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia
| | - María F. Camargo-Ubate
- Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales de la U.D.C.A. (PRONAUDCA), Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A), Calle 222 # 55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia
| | - Andrea E. Bello-Castro
- Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales de la U.D.C.A. (PRONAUDCA), Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A), Calle 222 # 55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia
| | - Crispin A. Celis
- Grupo de Investigación en Fitoquímica (GIFUJ), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cra. 7 # 40-62, Bogotá 1115511, Colombia
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Steinlein S, Essmann F, Ghilardi AF, Horn H, Schüler J, Hausser A, Sun L, Ott G, Kalla C. Indolyl-chalcone derivatives trigger apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant mesothelioma cells through aberrant tubulin polymerization and deregulation of microtubule-associated proteins. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1190988. [PMID: 37305581 PMCID: PMC10248254 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1190988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a neoplasm with dismal prognosis and notorious resistance to the standard therapeutics cisplatin and pemetrexed. Chalcone derivatives are efficacious anti-cancer agents with minimal toxicity and have, therefore, gained pharmaceutical interest. Here, we investigated the efficacy of CIT-026 and CIT-223, two indolyl-chalcones (CITs), to inhibit growth and viability of MPM cells and defined the mechanism by which the compounds induce cell death. Methods The effects of CIT-026 and CIT-223 were analyzed in five MPM cell lines, using viability, immunofluorescence, real-time cell death monitoring, and tubulin polymerization assays, along with siRNA knockdown. Phospho-kinase arrays and immunoblotting were used to identify signaling molecules that contribute to cell death. Results CIT-026 and CIT-223 were toxic in all cell lines at sub-micromolar concentrations, in particular in MPM cells resistant to cisplatin and pemetrexed, while normal fibroblasts were only modestly affected. Both CITs targeted tubulin polymerization via (1) direct interaction with tubulin and (2) phosphorylation of microtubule regulators STMN1, CRMP2 and WNK1. Formation of aberrant tubulin fibers caused abnormal spindle morphology, mitotic arrest and apoptosis. CIT activity was not reduced in CRMP2-negative and STMN1-silenced MPM cells, indicating that direct tubulin targeting is sufficient for toxic effects of CITs. Discussion CIT-026 and CIT-223 are highly effective inducers of tumor cell apoptosis by disrupting microtubule assembly, with only modest effects on non-malignant cells. CITs are potent anti-tumor agents against MPM cells, in particular cells resistant to standard therapeutics, and thus warrant further evaluation as potential small-molecule therapeutics in MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Steinlein
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Frank Essmann
- Robert Bosch Center for Tumor Diseases, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Amanda Franceschini Ghilardi
- Harvard Medical School, Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Heike Horn
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Angelika Hausser
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology and Stuttgart Research Center for Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lijun Sun
- Harvard Medical School, Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - German Ott
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Claudia Kalla
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Isodorsmanin A Prevents Inflammatory Response in LPS-Stimulated Macrophages by Inhibiting the JNK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1601-1612. [PMID: 36826048 PMCID: PMC9955109 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural and synthetic chalcones exhibit anti-inflammatory, antitumoral, antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, and antitubercular activities. Isodorsmanin A (IDA), a chalcone, is a well-known constituent of the dried seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L. (PC). Although other constituents of PC have been widely investigated, there are no studies on the biological properties of IDA. In this study, we focused on the anti-inflammatory effects of IDA and evaluated its effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. The results showed that IDA suppressed the production of inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide [NO] and prostaglandin E2 [PGE2]) and proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], interleukin-6 [IL-6], and interleukin-1β [IL-1β]) without cytotoxicity. In addition, it downregulated the mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) within the treatment concentrations. In our mechanistic studies, IDA inhibited the phosphorylation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and protected the nuclear factor of the kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in the B-cells' inhibitor, alpha (IκB-α), from degradation, thus preventing the activation of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells' (NF-κB) transcription factor. Our results suggest that IDA is a promising compound for attenuating excessive inflammatory responses.
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Yan J, Zhao L, Li Y, Zhang Z, Lin L, Xia B. Preparation and Characterization of Polysaccharides from
Turpiniae Folium
and Its Antioxidative, Anti‐Inflammatory Activities and Antiproliferative Effect on VSMCs. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200459. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- School of Pharmacy Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208 P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy Yueyang Maternal-Child Medicine Health Hospital Yueyang 414000 P. R. China
| | - Ling‐Jia Zhao
- School of Pharmacy Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208 P. R. China
| | - Ya‐Mei Li
- School of Pharmacy Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208 P. R. China
| | - Zhi‐Min Zhang
- School of Pharmacy Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208 P. R. China
| | - Li‐Mei Lin
- School of Pharmacy Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208 P. R. China
| | - Bo‐Hou Xia
- School of Pharmacy Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208 P. R. China
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Mukhtar SS, Saleh FM, Hassaneen HM, Hafez TS, Hassan AS, Morsy NM, Teleb MAM. Synthesis, reaction, antimicrobial, and docking study of new chalcones incorporating isoquinoline moiety. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2022.2119415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shorouk S. Mukhtar
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma M. Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hamdi M. Hassaneen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Taghrid S. Hafez
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf S. Hassan
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nesrin M. Morsy
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Aro AO, Famuyide IM, Oyagbemi AA, Kabongo-Kayoka PN, McGaw LJ. In Vitro Potential of the Acetone Leaf Extract and Fractions of Psychotria capensis (Eckl.) Vatke (Rubiaceae) to Combat Co-Infection of Tuberculosis and Helminthiasis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:744137. [PMID: 35087402 PMCID: PMC8787188 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.744137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease of global importance that affects millions of people. Approximately a quarter of the world’s population is currently infected with M. tuberculosis, and about 10% of those infected will develop into active disease, particularly immune compromised individuals. Helminthiasis is of global health importance, affecting over 2 billion people mostly in resource-poor countries. Co-infection with tuberculosis (TB) and helminths (worms) is an emerging global public health concern with both affecting about one-third of the global population. Chronic infection with helminths can result in impaired immune responses to TB as well as enhancing failure to TB therapy and BCG vaccination. Antimycobacterial and anthelmintic activities of the acetone extract and fractions of Psychotria capensis were evaluated, including their in vitro safety. In addition, the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect of the fractions and crude extract of P. capensis were assessed. Antimycobacterial activity of the extract and fractions was tested against four non-tuberculous mycobacteria (Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. fortuitum, M. aurum, M. bovis BCG) and pathogenic M. tuberculosis H37Rv while the Egg Hatch Assay (EHA) was used for the anthelmintic test on eggs of Haemonchus contortus. Cytotoxicity was determined against Vero kidney cells while in vitro immune modulation via cytokine production was determined on activated macrophages. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the Psychotria capensis acetone extract and fractions ranged from 39 to 1,250 μg/ml with the crude extract and hexane fraction having the best MIC values (both 39 μg/ml). In the EHA, the inhibitory concentration (IC50) ranged from 160 to 630 μg/ml with the hexane fraction having the best activity. The hexane and chloroform fractions were relatively non-toxic with LC50 values of 290 and 248 μg/ml respectively, while the acetone crude extract (64 μg/ml) and n-butanol fraction (71 μg/ml) were moderately toxic. The SI values (LC50/MIC) ranged from 0.1 to 7.4 with the hexane fraction having the highest value against M. smegmatis (7.4). The hexane fraction had the best dual anthelmintic and antimycobacterial activity. This fraction had the best NO inhibitory activity and was the least cytotoxic, indicating that its activity was not due to general metabolic toxicity, with 96.54% cell viability. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-12p70 were upregulated while IL-10 expression was inhibited by the extracts. Compounds were detected using GC-MS analysis, and in both the crude acetone extract and the hexane fraction was the diterpene neophytadiene, which has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. Finding alternative or complementary approaches to dealing with TB infections by, amongst other things, reducing the incidence of helminth infestations may lessen the burden of TB, contributing to slowing the spread of multi-drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abimbola O Aro
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa
| | - Ibukun M Famuyide
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Ademola A Oyagbemi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Prudence N Kabongo-Kayoka
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa
| | - Lyndy J McGaw
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Ormondes de Farias J, Resende Ferreira AC, Cardoso Kostopoulos AG, Berto Rezende TM, Dias SC. Synergistic activity and immunomodulatory potential of levofloxacin and Synoeca-MP peptide against multi-resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Microb Pathog 2022; 163:105403. [PMID: 35033636 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to study the isolated and combined effect of the peptides Synoeca-MP and IDR-1018 against multi-resistant clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae (Kp2177569 - LACEN) in vitro. The bactericidal activity of the peptide Synoeca-MP in combination with three different classes of commercial antimicrobials and its immunomodulatory potential was also evaluated. Synoeca-MP showed better antimicrobial activity than IDR-1018 and presented synergistic action combined with levofloxacin. Therefore, Synoeca-MP and levofloxacin, and the combination of both, were used in subsequent analyses. In the presence of heat-killed antigens, cellular viability and TNF-α levels was maintained, the production of NO increased and a reduction in IL-10 production was observed. The synergistic antibacterial effect between Synoeca-MP and levofloxacin was effective against multidrug-resistant strains of K. pneumoniae. The association of Synoeca-MP and levofloxacin may present a low modulating action of pro and anti-inflammatory mediators, based on these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Ormondes de Farias
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro s/n - Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Arthur Corrêa Resende Ferreira
- Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, SHAN 916 Módulo B Avenida W5 - Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Taia Maria Berto Rezende
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro s/n - Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, SHAN 916 Módulo B Avenida W5 - Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, QS 07 Lote 01, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Simoni Campos Dias
- Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, SHAN 916 Módulo B Avenida W5 - Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro s/n - Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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10
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Rioux B, Pinon A, Gamond A, Martin F, Laurent A, Champavier Y, Barette C, Liagre B, Fagnère C, Sol V, Pouget C. Synthesis and biological evaluation of chalcone-polyamine conjugates as novel vectorized agents in colorectal and prostate cancer chemotherapy. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 222:113586. [PMID: 34116328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to synthesize chalcone-polyamine conjugates in order to enhance bioavailability and selectivity of chalcone core towards cancer cells, using polyamine-based vectors. Indeed, it is well-known that polyamine transport system is upregulated in tumor cells. 3',4,4',5'-tetramethoxychalcone was selected as parent chalcone since it was found to be an efficient anti-proliferative agent on various cancer cells. A series of five chalcone-polyamine conjugates was obtained using the 4-bromopropyloxy-3',4',5'-trimethoxychalcone as a key intermediate. Chalcone core and polyamine tails were fused through an amine bond. These conjugates were found to possess a marked in vitro antiproliferative effect against colorectal (HT-29 and HCT-116) and prostate cancer (PC-3 and DU-145) cell lines. The most active conjugate (compound 8b) was then chosen for further biological evaluations to elucidate mechanisms responsible for its antiproliferative activity. Investigations on cell cycle distribution revealed that this conjugate can prevent the proliferation of human colorectal and prostate cancer cells by blocking the cell cycle at the G1 and G2 phase, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a sub-G1 peak, characteristic of apoptotic cell population and our inquiries highlighted apoptosis induction at early and later stages through several pro-apoptotic markers. Therefore, this chalcone-N1-spermidine conjugate could be considered as a promising agent for colon and prostatic cancer adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rioux
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Aline Pinon
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Aurélie Gamond
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Frédérique Martin
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Aurélie Laurent
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Yves Champavier
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France; Université de Limoges, BISCEm NMR Platform, GEIST, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Caroline Barette
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, BGE U1038, Genetics & Chemogenomics, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38054, France
| | - Bertrand Liagre
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Fagnère
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Sol
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Christelle Pouget
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France.
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11
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Merecz-Sadowska A, Sitarek P, Śliwiński T, Zajdel R. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Extracts and Pure Compounds Derived from Plants via Modulation of Signaling Pathways, Especially PI3K/AKT in Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249605. [PMID: 33339446 PMCID: PMC7766727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant kingdom is a source of important therapeutic agents. Therefore, in this review, we focus on natural compounds that exhibit efficient anti-inflammatory activity via modulation signaling transduction pathways in macrophage cells. Both extracts and pure chemicals from different species and parts of plants such as leaves, roots, flowers, barks, rhizomes, and seeds rich in secondary metabolites from various groups such as terpenes or polyphenols were included. Selected extracts and phytochemicals control macrophages biology via modulation signaling molecules including NF-κB, MAPKs, AP-1, STAT1, STAT6, IRF-4, IRF-5, PPARγ, KLF4 and especially PI3K/AKT. Macrophages are important immune effector cells that take part in antigen presentation, phagocytosis, and immunomodulation. The M1 and M2 phenotypes are related to the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory agents, respectively. The successful resolution of inflammation mediated by M2, or failed resolution mediated by M1, may lead to tissue repair or chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation is strictly related to several disorders. Thus, compounds of plant origin targeting inflammatory response may constitute promising therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Computer Science in Economics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.M.-S.); (T.Ś.)
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.M.-S.); (T.Ś.)
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-645 Lodz, Poland;
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12
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Linghu KG, Zhao GD, Xiong W, Sang W, Xiong SH, Tse AKW, Hu Y, Bian Z, Wang Y, Yu H. Comprehensive comparison on the anti-inflammatory effects of three species of Sigesbeckia plants based on NF-κB and MAPKs signal pathways in vitro. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 250:112530. [PMID: 31883476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sigesbeckiae Herba (SH), a traditional anti-inflammatory Chinese herbal medicine, is originated from the plants of Sigesbeckia pubescens Makino (SP), S. orientalis L. (SO) and S. glabrescens Makino (SG). The current studies reported that the chemical constituents in the three species of plants were different. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to provide a systemic comparison on the anti-inflammatory effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms among the three plants based on their effects on nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signal pathways in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-four batches of three Sigesbeckia herbs were collected from different regions of China and extracted with 50% ethanol. The distribution of 6 compounds in the 24 batches of SH extracts were characterized by UPLC analysis. The cytotoxicity of all extracts to RAW264.7 cells in the absence or presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were examined by 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The anti-inflammatory effects of the extracts were investigated using Griess reagent and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The underlying mechanisms of the representative samples (SP007, SO005 and SG003) for individual species were examined by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS The estimated average sub-lethal dose (LD15) of SP, SO and SG on RAW264.7 cells were 181.7 ± 15.7, 291.5 ± 33.9 and 317.1 ± 16.3 μg/mL, respectively. In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, the inhibitory effects of SH species were determined to be SP > SO > SG on NO release, while SP ~ SO > SG on secretion of post-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1). Moreover, suppression on LPS-induced excessive expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), as well as the activation of NF-κB and phosphorylation of MAPKs were investigated to be associated to the anti-inflammatory effects for all SH species. CONCLUSIONS We firstly reported a systemic comparison on the anti-inflammatory properties for the three main plant origins of SH. Although SG showed lower toxicity and less anti-inflammatory effects compared with SP and SO in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, comparable inhibitory effects on NF-κB and MAPKs pathways and the reduction of LPS-induced iNOS and COX-2 were observed in the anti-inflammatory process for all Sigesbeckia plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Gang Linghu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Guan Ding Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Wei Sang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Shi Hang Xiong
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Anfernee Kai Wing Tse
- Programme of Food Science and Technology, Division of Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanjia Hu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China; HKBU Shenzhen Research Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
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13
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Lartey KA, Kang DJ, Zhang QH, Shi CQ, Yang F, Lin HY, Gooneratne R, Chen JJ. Chromolaena odorata as a potential feed additive bioresource to alleviate heat stress in chickens in the humid tropics. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2020.1729673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kwame Ayisi Lartey
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan-Ju Kang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiao-Hui Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Chao-Qun Shi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Ying Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ravi Gooneratne
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Jin-Jun Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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14
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Ur Rashid H, Xu Y, Ahmad N, Muhammad Y, Wang L. Promising anti-inflammatory effects of chalcones via inhibition of cyclooxygenase, prostaglandin E 2, inducible NO synthase and nuclear factor κb activities. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:335-365. [PMID: 30921740 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chalcones (1, 3-Diphenyl-2-propen-1-one) consist of a three carbon α, β-unsaturated carbonyl system and act as precursors for the biosynthesis of flavonoids in plants. However, laboratory synthesis of various chalcones has also been reported. Both natural and synthetic chalcones are known to exhibit a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial and antituberculosis. These promising activities, ease of synthesis and simple chemical structure have awarded chalcones considerable attraction. This review focuses on the anti-inflammatory effects of chalcones, caused by their inhibitory action primarily against the activities and expressions of four key inflammatory mediators viz., cyclooxygenase, prostaglandin E2, inducible NO synthase, and nuclear factor κB. Various methodologies for the synthesis of chalcones have been discussed. The potency of recently synthesized chalcones is given in terms of their IC50 values. Structure-Activity Relationships (SARs) of a variety of chalcone derivatives have been discussed. Computational methods were applied to calculate the ideal orientation of a typical chalcone scaffold against three enzymes, namely, cyclooxygenase-1, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible NO synthase for the formation of stable complexes. The global market of anti-inflammatory drugs and its expected growth (from 2018 to 2026) have been discussed. SAR analysis, docking studies, and future prospects all together provide useful clues for the synthesis of novel chalcones of improved anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Ur Rashid
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, 530004 Nanning, China; Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science & Information Technology, 25000 Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Yiming Xu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, 530004 Nanning, China
| | - Nasir Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Yaseen Muhammad
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, 530004 Nanning, China
| | - Lisheng Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, 530004 Nanning, China; Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
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15
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Aro AO, Dzoyem JP, Goddard A, Fonteh P, Kayoka-Kabongo PN, McGaw LJ. In vitro Antimycobacterial, Apoptosis-Inducing Potential, and Immunomodulatory Activity of Some Rubiaceae Species. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:185. [PMID: 30890938 PMCID: PMC6413436 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), a disease caused by microorganisms of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, infects almost one-third of the world’s population. The TB epidemic has been further exacerbated by the emergence of multi, extensively, and totally-drug-resistant (MDR, XDR, and TDRTB) strains. An effective immune response plays a crucial role in determining the establishment of TB infection. Therefore, the modulation of the immune system has been considered as a vital approach for the treatment or control of various immune-related diseases such as TB. In this study, the antimycobacterial, immunomodulatory, and apoptosis-inducing effects of six Rubiaceae species were evaluated. A twofold serial dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration values of the plant extracts. The effect of the extracts on the activity of 15-lipoxygenase was investigated. The levels of six different cytokines, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, were measured in LPS-activated U937 cell line while the apoptosis-inducing effect of the extracts was evaluated using an annexin V/PI assay using a flow cytometer. The results obtained revealed that all the six extracts tested had antimycobacterial activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv, M. tuberculosis ATCC 25177, and Mycobacterium bovis ATCC 27299 strains, with MIC values ranging from 39 to 312 μg/mL. The extracts of Cremaspora triflora and Cephalanthus natalensis were the most active against M. tuberculosis (MIC = 39 μg/mL), followed by Pavetta lanceolata and Psychotria zombamontana against M. bovis (MIC = 78 μg/mL). The extracts of P. zombamontana and Psychotria capensis had remarkable IC50 values of 4.32 and 5.8 μg/mL, respectively, better than that of quercetin. The selected extracts promoted Th1/Th2 balances in an in vitro model at the tested concentration which may suggest the therapeutic value of the plant in diseases where inflammation is a significant factor such as TB. The addition of the crude extracts of C. triflora, P. capensis, and P. zombamontana at the tested concentrations to the cell culture medium induced apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner. This interesting preliminary result generated from this study encourages further investigations of these extracts owing to the LOX-inhibitory effect, immunomodulatory, and apoptotic-inducing properties in addition to their antimycobacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abimbola O Aro
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa
| | - Jean Paul Dzoyem
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroun
| | - Amelia Goddard
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Pascaline Fonteh
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Prudence N Kayoka-Kabongo
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa
| | - Lyndy J McGaw
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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16
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Romagnoli R, Prencipe F, Lopez-Cara LC, Oliva P, Baraldi S, Baraldi PG, Estévez-Sarmiento F, Quintana J, Estévez F. Synthesis and biological evaluation of alpha-bromoacryloylamido indolyl pyridinyl propenones as potent apoptotic inducers in human leukaemia cells. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:727-742. [PMID: 29620429 PMCID: PMC6009983 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1450749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of two pharmacophores into a single molecule represents one of the methods that can be adopted for the synthesis of new anticancer molecules. To investigate the influence of the position of the pyridine nitrogen on biological activity, two different series of α-bromoacryloylamido indolyl pyridinyl propenones 3a-h and 4a-d were designed and synthesized by a pharmacophore hybridization approach and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against a panel of six human cancer cell lines. These hybrid molecules were prepared to combine the α-bromoacryloyl moiety with two series of indole-inspired chalcone analogues, possessing an indole derivative and a 3- or 4-pyridine ring, respectively, linked on either side of 2-propen-1-one system. The structure-activity relationship was also investigated by the insertion of alkyl or benzyl moieties at the N-1 position of the indole nucleus. We found that most of the newly synthesized displayed high antiproliferative activity against U-937, MOLT-3, K-562, and NALM-6 leukaemia cell lines, with one-digit to double-digit nanomolar IC50 values. The antiproliferative activities of 3-pyridinyl derivatives 3f-h revealed that N-benzyl indole analogues generally exhibited lower activity compared to N-H or N-alkyl derivatives 3a-b and 3c-e, respectively. Moreover, cellular mechanism studies elucidated that compound 4a induced apoptosis along with a decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential and activated caspase-3 in a concentration-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romeo Romagnoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Filippo Prencipe
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luisa Carlota Lopez-Cara
- Departamento de Química Farmaceútica y Orgánica Facultad de Farmacia, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Granada, Spain
| | - Paola Oliva
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Baraldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pier Giovanni Baraldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francisco Estévez-Sarmiento
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - José Quintana
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Francisco Estévez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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