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Neil B, Cheney GL, Rosenzweig JA, Sha J, Chopra AK. Antimicrobial resistance in aeromonads and new therapies targeting quorum sensing. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:205. [PMID: 38349402 PMCID: PMC10864486 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13055-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Aeromonas species (spp.) are well-known fish pathogens, several of which have been recognized as emerging human pathogens. The organism is capable of causing a wide spectrum of diseases in humans, ranging from gastroenteritis, wound infections, and septicemia to devastating necrotizing fasciitis. The systemic form of infection is often fatal, particularly in patients with underlying chronic diseases. Indeed, recent trends demonstrate rising numbers of hospital-acquired Aeromonas infections, especially in immuno-compromised individuals. Additionally, Aeromonas-associated antibiotic resistance is an increasing challenge in combating both fish and human infections. The acquisition of antibiotic resistance is related to Aeromonas' innate transformative properties including its ability to share plasmids and integron-related gene cassettes between species and with the environment. As a result, alternatives to antibiotic treatments are desperately needed. In that vein, many treatments have been proposed and studied extensively in the fish-farming industry, including treatments that target Aeromonas quorum sensing. In this review, we discuss current strategies targeting quorum sensing inhibition and propose that such studies empower the development of novel chemotherapeutic approaches to combat drug-resistant Aeromonas spp. infections in humans. KEY POINTS: • Aeromonas notoriously acquires and maintains antimicrobial resistance, making treatment options limited. • Quorum sensing is an essential virulence mechanism in Aeromonas infections. • Inhibiting quorum sensing can be an effective strategy in combating Aeromonas infections in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake Neil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical Branch, University of Texas, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Gabrielle L Cheney
- John Sealy School of Medicine, Medical Branch, University of Texas, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Jason A Rosenzweig
- Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, 77004, USA
| | - Jian Sha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical Branch, University of Texas, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Ashok K Chopra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical Branch, University of Texas, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
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2
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Li S, Yang Q, Cheng B, Liu Y, Zhou S, Ai X, Dong J. Neem oil against Aeromonas hydrophila infection by disrupting quorum sensing and biofilm formation. BIOFOULING 2023; 39:867-878. [PMID: 37968931 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2279998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause a number of infectious diseases in fish and is widely distributed in aquatic environments. Antibiotics are the main approach against A. hydrophila infections, while the emergence of resistant bacteria limits the application of antibiotics. Here, quorum-sensing (QS) was defined as the target and the inhibitory effects of neem oil against QS of A. hydrophila was studied. The results showed that neem oil could dose-dependently reduce aerolysin, protease, lipase, acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), biofilm and swarming motility at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Results of real-time PCR demonstrated that neem oil could down-regulate the transcription of aerA, ahyI and ahyR. Moreover, neem oil showed significant protections to A549 cells and a fish infection model. Taken together, these results indicated that neem oil could be chosen as a promising candidate for the treatment of A. hydrophila infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengping Li
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuhong Yang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongtao Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shun Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Ai
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
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3
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Arumugam M, Manikandan DB, Marimuthu SK, Muthusamy G, Kari ZA, Téllez-Isaías G, Ramasamy T. Evaluating Biofilm Inhibitory Potential in Fish Pathogen, Aeromonas hydrophila by Agricultural Waste Extracts and Assessment of Aerolysin Inhibitors Using In Silico Approach. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050891. [PMID: 37237796 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila, an opportunistic bacteria, causes several devastating diseases in humans and animals, particularly aquatic species. Antibiotics have been constrained by the rise of antibiotic resistance caused by drug overuse. Therefore, new strategies are required to prevent appropriate antibiotic inability from antibiotic-resistant strains. Aerolysin is essential for A. hydrophila pathogenesis and has been proposed as a potential target for inventing drugs with anti-virulence properties. It is a unique method of disease prevention in fish to block the quorum-sensing mechanism of A. hydrophila. In SEM analysis, the crude solvent extracts of both groundnut shells and black gram pods exhibited a reduction of aerolysin formation and biofilm matrix formation by blocking the QS in A. hydrophila. Morphological changes were identified in the extracts treated bacterial cells. Furthermore, in previous studies, 34 ligands were identified with potential antibacterial metabolites from agricultural wastes, groundnut shells, and black gram pods using a literature survey. Twelve potent metabolites showed interactions between aerolysin and metabolites during molecular docking analysis, in that H-Pyran-4-one-2,3 dihydro-3,5 dihydroxy-6-methyl (-5.3 kcal/mol) and 2-Hexyldecanoic acid (-5.2 kcal/mol) showed promising results with potential hydrogen bond interactions with aerolysin. These metabolites showed a better binding affinity with aerolysin for 100 ns in molecular simulation dynamics. These findings point to a novel strategy for developing drugs using metabolites from agricultural wastes that may be feasible pharmacological solutions for treating A. hydrophila infections for the betterment of aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manikandan Arumugam
- Laboratory of Aquabiotics/Nanoscience, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Dinesh Babu Manikandan
- Laboratory of Aquabiotics/Nanoscience, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Sathish Kumar Marimuthu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology (BIT) Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Govarthanan Muthusamy
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Zulhisyam Abdul Kari
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Jeli Campus, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli 17600, Malaysia
- Advanced Livestock and Aquaculture Research Group, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Jeli Campus, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli 17600, Malaysia
| | | | - Thirumurugan Ramasamy
- Laboratory of Aquabiotics/Nanoscience, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
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4
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Jailani A, Ahmed B, Lee JH, Lee J. Inhibition of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Growth and Biofilm Formation by Tannic Acid. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071619. [PMID: 35884920 PMCID: PMC9312696 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Agrobacterium tumefaciens underlies the pathogenesis of crown gall disease and is characterized by tumor-like gall formation on the stems and roots of a wide variety of economically important plant species. The bacterium initiates infection by colonizing and forming biofilms on plant surfaces, and thus, novel compounds are required to prevent its growth and biofilm formation. In this study, we investigated the ability of tannic acid, which is ubiquitously present in woody plants, to specifically inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of A. tumefaciens. Tannic acid showed antibacterial activity and significantly reduced the biofilm formation on polystyrene and on the roots of Raphanus sativus as determined by 3D bright-field and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Furthermore, tannic acid dose-dependently reduced the virulence features of A. tumefaciens, which are swimming motility, exopolysaccharide production, protease production, and cell surface hydrophobicity. Transcriptional analysis of cells (Abs600 nm = 1.0) incubated with tannic acid for 24 h at 30 °C showed tannic acid most significantly downregulated the exoR gene, which is required for adhesion to surfaces. Tannic acid at 100 or 200 µg/mL limited the iron supply to A. tumefaciens and similarly reduced the biofilm formation to that performed by 0.1 mM EDTA. Notably, tannic acid did not significantly affect R. sativus germination even at 400 µg/mL. The findings of this study suggest that tannic acid has the potential to prevent growth and biofilm formation by A. tumefaciens and thus infections resulting from A. tumefaciens colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jintae Lee
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-810-2533; Fax: +82-53-810-4631
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Xie Y, Ding Y, Shao X, Yao C, Li J, Liu J, Deng X. Pseudomonas syringae senses polyphenols via phosphorelay crosstalk to inhibit virulence. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52805. [PMID: 34580996 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria use a variety of mechanisms, such as two-component regulatory systems (TCSs), to rapidly sense and respond to distinct conditions and signals in their host organisms. For example, a type III secretion system (T3SS) is a key determinant of the virulence of the model plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae and contains the TCS RhpRS as a key regulator. However, the plant-derived compound targeting RhpRS remains unknown. Here, we report that RhpRS directly interacts with polyphenols and responds by switching off P. syringae T3SS via crosstalk with alternative histidine kinases. We identify three natural polyphenols that induce the expression of the rhpRS operon in an RhpS-dependent manner. The presence of these three specific polyphenols inhibits the phosphatase activity of RhpS, thus suppressing T3SS activation in T3SS-inducing conditions. The Pro40 residue of RhpS is essential to respond to these polyphenols. In addition, three non-cognate histidine kinases cooperatively phosphorylate RhpR and antagonize the rhpS mutant phenotype. This work illustrates that plant polyphenols can directly target P. syringae RhpRS, which results in bacterial virulence being switched off via a phosphorylation-related crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingpeng Xie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yiqing Ding
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaolong Shao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chunyan Yao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jingwei Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jingui Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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6
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Dong J, Zhang D, Li J, Liu Y, Zhou S, Yang Y, Xu N, Yang Q, Ai X. Genistein Inhibits the Pathogenesis of Aeromonas hydrophila by Disrupting Quorum Sensing Mediated Biofilm Formation and Aerolysin Production. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:753581. [PMID: 34650438 PMCID: PMC8505762 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.753581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is an opportunistic pathogen that is responsible for a variety of infectious diseases both in human and animals, particularly aquatic animals. Moreover, the pathogen has become a foodborne pathogen by transmitting from seafood to human. The abuse of antibiotics in aquaculture results in the emergence of antibiotic resistance and treatment failure. Therefore, novel approaches are urgently needed for managing resistant A. hydrophila associated infections. Aerolysin, an essential virulence factor of pathogenic A. hydrophila strain, has been identified as target developing novel drugs against pathogenesis of A. hydrophila. In the present study, genistein, without anti-A. hydrophila activity, was identified that could decrease the production of aerolysin and biofilm formation at a dose-dependent manner. Transcription of aerolysin encoding gene aerA and quorum sensing related genes ahyI and ahyR was significantly down-regulated when co-cultured with genistein. Cell viability studies demonstrated that genistein could significantly improve aerolysin mediated A549 cell injury. Furthermore, genistein could provide a remarkable protection to channel catfish infected with A. hydrophila. These findings indicate that targeting quorum sensing and virulence can be a useful approach developing drugs against A. hydrophila infections in aquaculture. Moreover, genistein can be chosen as a promising candidate in developing drugs against A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Defu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Jianrong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yongtao Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shun Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yibin Yang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiuhong Yang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Ai
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
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7
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Sun B, Luo H, Jiang H, Wang Z, Jia A. Inhibition of Quorum Sensing and Biofilm Formation of Esculetin on Aeromonas Hydrophila. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:737626. [PMID: 34630364 PMCID: PMC8500062 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.737626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) and biofilm formation inhibition activity of esculetin on Aeromonas hydrophila SHAe 115 were evaluated. Exposure to esculetin at 25, 50, and 100μg/ml significantly inhibited the production of protease and hemolysin, the formation of biofilms and attenuated the swarming motility of A. hydrophila SHAe 115. Biofilm forming inhibition was also observed through confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscope. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated that genes positively related to QS and biofilm formation were downregulated to varying degrees, while gene (litR) negatively related to biofilm formation was significantly upregulated. The phenotypic results were in good agreement with gene expression levels. These results indicated that esculetin would be a potential QS inhibitor for A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Sun
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Huaizhi Luo
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan Jiang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhennan Wang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiqun Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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8
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Resveratrol influences the pathogenesis of Aeromonas hydrophila by inhibiting production of aerolysin and biofilm. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Dong J, Zhang L, Liu Y, Xu N, Zhou S, Yang Y, Yang Q, Ai X. Luteolin decreases the pathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila via inhibiting the activity of aerolysin. Virulence 2020; 12:165-176. [PMID: 33372840 PMCID: PMC7781616 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2020.1867455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) can cause a number of diseases in both human and animals. A. hydrophila-related infections in aquaculture cause severe economic losses every year throughout the world. The emergence of antibiotic resistance that is due to the abuse of antibiotics has limited the application of antibiotics. Thus, novel approaches are needed to combat with treatment failure of antibiotics caused by resistant bacterial strains. Aerolysin plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of A. hydrophila and has been considered as a novel target for developing drugs based on anti-virulence strategies. Here, we reported that luteolin, a natural product with no anti-A. hydrophila activity, could reduce aerolysin-induced hemolysis by inhibiting aerolysin activity. The binding mode was simulated by molecular docking and dynamics simulation. Then the main binding sites were confirmed by fluorescence quenching assays. We found that luteolin could hindered the formation of functional heptamer of aerolysin according to the results of the oligomerization assay. Moreover, luteolin could protect A549 cells from aerolysin mediated cell death and increase the survival rate of A. hydrophila-infected channel catfish. These findings suggest a novel approach to developing drugs fighting against A. hydrophila, and luteolin can be a promising drug candidate for treatment of A. hydrophila-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Beijing, China
| | - Lushan Zhang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Wuhan, China
| | - Yongtao Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Beijing, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Beijing, China
| | - Shun Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Beijing, China
| | - Yibin Yang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Beijing, China
| | - Qiuhong Yang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Ai
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Beijing, China
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Dong W, Cai Y, Xu Z, Fu B, Chen Q, Cui Y, Ruan Z, Liang Y, Peng N, Zhao S. Heterologous expression of AHL lactonase AiiK by Lactobacillus casei MCJΔ1 with great quorum quenching ability against Aeromonas hydrophila AH-1 and AH-4. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:191. [PMID: 33028330 PMCID: PMC7542731 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01448-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nowadays, microbial infections have caused increasing economic losses in aquaculture industry and deteriorated worldwide environments. Many of these infections are caused by opportunistic pathogens through cell-density mediated quorum sensing (QS). The disruption of QS, known as quorum quenching (QQ), is an effective and promising way to prevent and control pathogens, driving it be the potential bio-control agents. In our previous studies, AHL lactonase AiiK was identified with many characteristics, and constitutive expression vector pELX1 was constructed to express heterologous proteins in Lactobacillus casei MCJΔ1 (L. casei MCJΔ1). In this study, recombinant strain pELCW-aiiK/L. casei MCJΔ1 (LcAiiK) and wild-type Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) were co-cultured to test the QQ ability of LcAiiK against A. hydrophila. Results A cell wall-associated expression vector pELCW for L. casei MCJΔ1 was constructed. Localization assays revealed that the expressed AiiK was anchored at the surface layer of LcAiiK via vector pELCW-aiiK. LcAiiK (OD600 = 0.5) degraded 24.13 μM of C6-HSL at 2 h, 40.99 μM of C6-HSL at 12 h, and 46.63 μM of C6-HSL at 24 h. Over 50% LcAiiK cells maintained the pELCW-aiiK plasmid after 15 generations of cultivation without erythromycin. Furthermore, LcAiiK inhibited the swimming motility, extracellular proteolytic activity, haemolytic activity and biofilm formation of A. hydrophila AH-1 and AH-4. Conclusion The AHL lactonase AiiK is firstly and constitutively expressed at the surface layer of L. casei MCJΔ1. LcAiiK displayed considerable AHL lactonase activity and great QQ abilities against A. hydrophila AH-1 and AH-4 by attenuating their QS processes instead of killing them. Therefore, the LcAiiK can be exploited as an anti-pathogenic drug or a bio-control agent to control the AHL-mediated QS of pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuyuan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhilong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Biao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qitong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuxin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhiyong Ruan
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, CAAS, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yunxiang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Nan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shumiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Rodrigues AC, Almeida FAD, André C, Vanetti MCD, Pinto UM, Hassimotto NMA, Vieira ÉNR, Andrade NJD. Phenolic extract of Eugenia uniflora L. and furanone reduce biofilm formation by Serratia liquefaciens and increase its susceptibility to antimicrobials. BIOFOULING 2020; 36:1031-1048. [PMID: 33187450 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1844881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Serratia liquefaciens is a spoilage microorganism of relevance in the dairy industry because it is psychrotrophic, able to form biofilm, and produces thermoresistant proteases and lipases. Phenolic compounds and furanones have been studied as inhibitors of biofilm formation. In this study, the potential of the pulp phenolic extract of Eugenia uniflora L. orange fruits, also called pitanga, and furanone C30 on the inhibition of biofilm formation by S. liquefaciens L53 and the susceptibility to different antimicrobials were evaluated. The pulp phenolic extract of pitanga had a high total phenolic content, being mainly composed of glycosylated quercetins and ellagitannins. Sub-inhibitory concentrations of this extract and furanone reduced biofilm formation by S. liquefaciens on polystyrene and the amount of polysaccharides, proteins and extracellular DNA in the biofilms. These biofilms were also more susceptible to kanamycin. The combinations of furanone with phenolic extract of pitanga or kanamycin showed a synergistic effect with total growth inhibition of S. liquefaciens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felipe Alves de Almeida
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
| | - Cleriane André
- Department of Nutrition, Centro Universitário Salesiano, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Uelinton Manoel Pinto
- Food Research Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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12
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Tanhay Mangoudehi H, Zamani H, Shahangian SS, Mirzanejad L. Effect of curcumin on the expression of ahyI/R quorum sensing genes and some associated phenotypes in pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila fish isolates. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:70. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02846-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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13
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Dong J, Zhang L, Liu Y, Xu N, Zhou S, Yang Q, Yang Y, Ai X. Thymol Protects Channel Catfish from Aeromonas hydrophila Infection by Inhibiting Aerolysin Expression and Biofilm Formation. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8050636. [PMID: 32349419 PMCID: PMC7284873 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8050636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for a number of diseases in freshwater farming. Moreover, the bacterium has been identified as a zoonotic pathogen that threatens human health. Antibiotics are widely used for treatments of infectious diseases in aquaculture. However, the abuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of antimicrobial resistant strains. Thus, novel strategies are required against resistant A. hydrophila strains. The quorum sensing (QS) system, involved in virulence factor production and biofilm formation, is a promising target in identifying novel drugs against A. hydrophila infections. In this study, we found that thymol, at sub-inhibitory concentrations, could significantly reduce the production of aerolysin and biofilm formation by inhibiting the transcription of genes aerA, ahyI, and ahyR. These results indicate that thymol inhibits the quorum sensing system. The protective effects of thymol against A. hydrophila mediated cell injury were determined by live/dead assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. Moreover, the in vivo study showed that thymol could significantly decrease the mortality of channel catfish infected with A. hydrophila. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that thymol could be chosen as a phytotherapeutic candidate for inhibiting quorum sensing system-mediated aerolysin production and biofilm formation in A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (J.D.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (N.X.); (S.Z.); (Q.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Lushan Zhang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (J.D.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (N.X.); (S.Z.); (Q.Y.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yongtao Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (J.D.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (N.X.); (S.Z.); (Q.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (J.D.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (N.X.); (S.Z.); (Q.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Shun Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (J.D.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (N.X.); (S.Z.); (Q.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Qiuhong Yang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (J.D.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (N.X.); (S.Z.); (Q.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yibin Yang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (J.D.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (N.X.); (S.Z.); (Q.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xiaohui Ai
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (J.D.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (N.X.); (S.Z.); (Q.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100071, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-027-8178-0298
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Li T, Raza SHA, Yang B, Sun Y, Wang G, Sun W, Qian A, Wang C, Kang Y, Shan X. Aeromonas veronii Infection in Commercial Freshwater Fish: A Potential Threat to Public Health. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10040608. [PMID: 32252334 PMCID: PMC7222775 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii is an important pathogen causing freshwater fish sepsis and ulcer syndrome. An increasing number of cases have demonstrated its significance as an aquatic zoonotic agent. The purpose of this study was to ensure the safety of freshwater products by evaluating the infection status of edible freshwater fish. In this experiment, we isolated A. veronii from several species of apparently healthy freshwater fish, including Carassius auratus, Cyprinus carpio, Ctenopharyngodon idella, and Silurus asotus. A. veronii was identified through bacterial staining, culture characteristics, and 16S rDNA gene sequence. In addition, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to investigate the distribution of seven major virulence genes, including aerolysin (aer: 88.51%), cytotoxic enterotoxin (act: 71.26%), serine proteinase (ser: 54.02%), adhesin (Aha: 40.23%), phospholipase (lip: 45.98%), nuclease (exu: 51.72%), and quorum sensing-controlled virulence factor (LuxS: 59.77%). In total, 496 strains of Aeromonas were isolated, including 87 strains of A. veronii. The isolates of A. veronii were Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria, and the colonies are yellow on Rimler-Shotts (RS) medium and showed greater than 99% homology with A. veronii ATCC35624 according to analyses of the 16S rDNA sequence. Nearly 50% of the A. veronii isolates carried at least four or more virulence genes, 25% of the isolates carried at least five types of virulence genes, and 59.77% isolates carried the LuxS gene, and the isolates carrying more virulence genes were found to be more virulent. These results are of great significance for further improving the food safety assessment of freshwater aquatic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; (T.L.); (B.Y.); (Y.S.); (G.W.); (W.S.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
| | | | - Bintong Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; (T.L.); (B.Y.); (Y.S.); (G.W.); (W.S.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
- College of Life Science, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Shuangyang District, Changchun 130600, China
| | - Yufeng Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; (T.L.); (B.Y.); (Y.S.); (G.W.); (W.S.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
| | - Guiqin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; (T.L.); (B.Y.); (Y.S.); (G.W.); (W.S.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
| | - Wuwen Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; (T.L.); (B.Y.); (Y.S.); (G.W.); (W.S.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
| | - Aidong Qian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; (T.L.); (B.Y.); (Y.S.); (G.W.); (W.S.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; (T.L.); (B.Y.); (Y.S.); (G.W.); (W.S.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
| | - Yuanhuan Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; (T.L.); (B.Y.); (Y.S.); (G.W.); (W.S.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
- Correspondence: (Y.K.); (X.S.); Tel.: +86-0431-84533426 (Y.K.)
| | - Xiaofeng Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; (T.L.); (B.Y.); (Y.S.); (G.W.); (W.S.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
- Correspondence: (Y.K.); (X.S.); Tel.: +86-0431-84533426 (Y.K.)
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Fernández-Bravo A, Figueras MJ. An Update on the Genus Aeromonas: Taxonomy, Epidemiology, and Pathogenicity. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8010129. [PMID: 31963469 PMCID: PMC7022790 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Aeromonas belongs to the Aeromonadaceae family and comprises a group of Gram-negative bacteria widely distributed in aquatic environments, with some species able to cause disease in humans, fish, and other aquatic animals. However, bacteria of this genus are isolated from many other habitats, environments, and food products. The taxonomy of this genus is complex when phenotypic identification methods are used because such methods might not correctly identify all the species. On the other hand, molecular methods have proven very reliable, such as using the sequences of concatenated housekeeping genes like gyrB and rpoD or comparing the genomes with the type strains using a genomic index, such as the average nucleotide identity (ANI) or in silico DNA–DNA hybridization (isDDH). So far, 36 species have been described in the genus Aeromonas of which at least 19 are considered emerging pathogens to humans, causing a broad spectrum of infections. Having said that, when classifying 1852 strains that have been reported in various recent clinical cases, 95.4% were identified as only four species: Aeromonas caviae (37.26%), Aeromonas dhakensis (23.49%), Aeromonas veronii (21.54%), and Aeromonas hydrophila (13.07%). Since aeromonads were first associated with human disease, gastroenteritis, bacteremia, and wound infections have dominated. The literature shows that the pathogenic potential of Aeromonas is considered multifactorial and the presence of several virulence factors allows these bacteria to adhere, invade, and destroy the host cells, overcoming the immune host response. Based on current information about the ecology, epidemiology, and pathogenicity of the genus Aeromonas, we should assume that the infections these bacteria produce will remain a great health problem in the future. The ubiquitous distribution of these bacteria and the increasing elderly population, to whom these bacteria are an opportunistic pathogen, will facilitate this problem. In addition, using data from outbreak studies, it has been recognized that in cases of diarrhea, the infective dose of Aeromonas is relatively low. These poorly known bacteria should therefore be considered similarly as enteropathogens like Salmonella and Campylobacter.
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16
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Zhou S, Yu Z, Chu W. Effect of quorum-quenching bacterium Bacillus sp. QSI-1 on protein profiles and extracellular enzymatic activities of Aeromonas hydrophila YJ-1. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:135. [PMID: 31226935 PMCID: PMC6588933 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1515-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In natural environments, bacteria always live in communities with others where their physiological characteristics are influenced by each other. Bacteria can communicate with one another by using autoinducers. The current knowledge on the effect of quenching bacteria on others is limited to assess the impact of quorum-quenching bacterium Bacillus sp. QSI-1 on proteins pattern and virulence factors production of Aeromonas hydrophila YJ-1. Proteomic analysis was performed to find out protein changes and virulence factors, after 24 h co-culture. RESULTS Results showed that several proteins of A. hydrophila YJ-1 were altered, seventy-two differentially expressed protein spots were excised from 2-DE gels and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF MS, resulting in 63 individual proteins being clearly identified from 70 spots. Among these proteins, 50 were divided into 22 classes and mapped onto 18 biological pathways. Mixed-culture growth with Bacillus sp. QSI-1 resulted in an increase of A. hydrophilia proteins involved in RNA polymerase activity, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, flagellar assembly, and two-component systems. In contrast, mixed culture resulted in a decreased level of proteins involved in thiamine metabolism; valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis; pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis. In addition, the two extracellular virulence factors, proteases and hemolysin, were significantly reduced when A. hydrophila was co-cultured with QSI-1, while only lipase activity was observed to increase. CONCLUSIONS The information gathered from our experiment showed that Bacillus sp. QSI-1 has a major impact on the expression of proteins, including virulence factors of A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zixun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Weihua Chu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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17
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Spennati F, Mora M, Tigini V, La China S, Di Gregorio S, Gabriel D, Munz G. Removal of Quebracho and Tara tannins in fungal bioreactors: Performance and biofilm stability analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 231:137-145. [PMID: 30340133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tannins are polyphenolic compounds produced by plants that are used in the vegetable tanning of leather at industrial scale. Quebracho tannin and Tara tannin are intensively used by the tanning industry and are two of the most recalcitrant compounds that can be found in tannery wastewaters. In this study two reactors fed with Quebracho tannin and Tara tannin, respectively, were inoculated with polyurethane foam cubes colonized with a fungal strain biofilm of Aspergillus tubingensis MUT 990. A stable biofilm was maintained in the reactor fed with Quebracho tannin during 180 days of operation. Instead, biofilm got detached from the foam cubes during the start-up of the reactor fed with Tara tannin and a bacterial-based suspended culture was developed and preserved along the operational period (226 days). Soluble chemical oxygen demand removals up to 53% and 90% and maximum elimination capacities of 9.1 g sCOD m-3 h-1 and 37.9 g sCOD m-3 h-1 of Quebracho and Tara tannins, respectively, were achieved in the reactors without the addition of co-substrates. Next generation sequencing analysis for bacteria and fungi showed that a fungal consortium was developed in the reactor fed with Quebracho tannin while fungi were outcompeted by bacteria in the reactor fed with Tara tannin. Furthermore, Quebracho and Tara tannins were successfully co-treated in a single reactor where both fungi and bacteria were preserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Spennati
- Department of Environmental and Civil and Environmental, University of Florence, Via Santa Marta 3, 50139, Firenze, Italy.
| | - M Mora
- GENOCOV, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Tigini
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - S La China
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Luca Ghini 13, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - S Di Gregorio
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Luca Ghini 13, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - D Gabriel
- GENOCOV, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Munz
- Department of Environmental and Civil and Environmental, University of Florence, Via Santa Marta 3, 50139, Firenze, Italy
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18
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Ali F, Yao Z, Li W, Sun L, Lin W, Lin X. In-Silico Prediction and Modeling of the Quorum Sensing LuxS Protein and Inhibition of AI-2 Biosynthesis in Aeromonas hydrophila. Molecules 2018; 23:E2627. [PMID: 30322111 PMCID: PMC6222731 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
luxS is conserved in several bacterial species, including A. hydrophila, which causes infections in prawn, fish, and shrimp, and is consequently a great risk to the aquaculture industry and public health. luxS plays a critical role in the biosynthesis of the autoinducer-2 (AI-2), which performs wide-ranging functions in bacterial communication, and especially in quorum sensing (QS). The prediction of a 3D structure of the QS-associated LuxS protein is thus essential to better understand and control A. hydrophila pathogenecity. Here, we predicted the structure of A. hydrophila LuxS and characterized it structurally and functionally with in silico methods. The predicted structure of LuxS provides a framework to develop more complete structural and functional insights and will aid the mitigation of A. hydrophila infection, and the development of novel drugs to control infections. In addition to modeling, the suitable inhibitor was identified by high through put screening (HTS) against drug like subset of ZINC database and inhibitor ((-)-Dimethyl 2,3-O-isopropylidene-l-tartrate) molecule was selected based on the best drug score. Molecular docking studies were performed to find out the best binding affinity between LuxS homologous or predicted model of LuxS protein for the ligand selection. Remarkably, this inhibitor molecule establishes agreeable interfaces with amino acid residues LYS 23, VAL 35, ILE76, and SER 90, which are found to play an essential role in inhibition mechanism. These predictions were suggesting that the proposed inhibitor molecule may be considered as drug candidates against AI-2 biosynthesis of A. hydrophila. Therefore, (-)-Dimethyl 2,3-O-isopropylidene-l-tartrate inhibitor molecule was studied to confirm its potency of AI-2 biosynthesis inhibition. The results shows that the inhibitor molecule had a better efficacy in AI-2 inhibition at 40 μM concentration, which was further validated using Western blotting at a protein expression level. The AI-2 bioluminescence assay showed that the decreased amount of AI-2 biosynthesis and downregulation of LuxS protein play an important role in the AI-2 inhibition. Lastly, these experiments were conducted with the supplementation of antibiotics via cocktail therapy of AI-2 inhibitor plus OXY antibiotics, in order to determine the possibility of novel cocktail drug treatments of A. hydrophila infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farman Ali
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 35002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University) Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 35002, China.
| | - Zujie Yao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 35002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University) Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 35002, China.
| | - Wanxin Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 35002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University) Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 35002, China.
| | - Lina Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 35002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University) Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 35002, China.
| | - Wenxiong Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 35002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University) Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 35002, China.
| | - Xiangmin Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 35002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University) Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 35002, China.
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