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Kwon M, Su Y. Relatively Unworthy Victims? Middle-Aged Women as Rape Survivors. Violence Against Women 2024; 30:1804-1824. [PMID: 38571462 DOI: 10.1177/10778012241243050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
This study examines how the age of female survivors impacts public perceptions of rape in China. In our online survey experiment, participants consider rape as less serious when the survivor is a middle-aged woman compared to other groups of women (younger, older, or age unknown). Participants also request shorter sentencing when the survivor is a middle-aged woman than a younger woman. In China, moral codes surrounding chastity and respect for elders lead to greater emotional responses toward rape against younger and older survivors than middle-aged survivors. Our study expands studies of rape perception by theorizing public attitudes toward middle-aged survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minju Kwon
- Department of Political Science, Chapman University, One University Dr, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Ya Su
- Sociology and Anthropology Department, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA, USA
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2
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Hing N, O'Mullan C, Mainey L, Nuske E, Breen H. Intimate partner violence linked to gambling: cohort and period effects on the past experiences of older women. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:165. [PMID: 37024892 PMCID: PMC10080889 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02316-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Problem gambling increases the risk of experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV). People impacted by gambling-related IPV face distinctive challenges, and these may be compounded by intersections with gender, generational influences and contextual factors. This study explored the past experiences of older women affected by male partner violence linked to gambling, and how these were shaped by cohort and period effects and problem gambling. Cohort effects are the generational characteristics of a group born at a particular time, while period effects relate to prevailing external conditions at the time of the abuse, including laws, services and practices. METHODS A larger study exploring the nature of the relationship between problem gambling and IPV recruited 72 women through help services and advertising. The current study analysed a subset of interviews with 22 women aged 50 years or over. We analysed the data using adaptive grounded theory to explore the intersection between IPV, gambling, and cohort and period effects. RESULTS Cohort effects on the women's experiences of IPV included gendered attitudes, traditional views of marriage, silence surrounding IPV, reticence to disclose the abuse, and little understanding of problem gambling. These influences deterred women from questioning their partner's gambling, and to instead keep the gambling and abuse hidden. Many women did not recognise abuse linked to gambling as IPV, since gambling was considered a normal, harmless pastime. Having a gambling problem exacerbated violence and coercive control by male partners as traditional gender norms supported male authority over their female partner. Women with a gambling problem sometimes felt they deserved the abuse. Period effects included a lack of IPV and gambling services, gendered service responses, failure to prioritise the women's safety, and no consideration by services of the role of gambling in the abuse. CONCLUSION Reducing gender inequality is critical to reduce male partner violence towards women. Women impacted by gambling-related IPV, including the legacy of past abuse, need service responses that recognise all forms of abuse, understand the historical and contextual factors that exacerbate it, and recognise how gambling can amplify IPV. A reduction in problem gambling is needed to reduce gambling-related IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerilee Hing
- Central Queensland University, G.07 Building 8, University Drive, Bundaberg, QLD, 4670, Australia.
| | - Catherine O'Mullan
- Central Queensland University, G.07 Building 8, University Drive, Bundaberg, QLD, 4670, Australia
| | - Lydia Mainey
- Central Queensland University, 42-52 Abbott Street & Shields Street, Cairns City, QLD, 4870, Australia
| | - Elaine Nuske
- Southern Cross University, Gold Coast Airport, Terminal Dr, Bilinga, QLD, 4225, Australia
| | - Helen Breen
- Southern Cross University, Military Rd, East Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
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3
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Conceptualizing violence in nursing home policy: A citizenship perspective. J Aging Stud 2022; 63:101064. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2022.101064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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4
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Burse J, Voth-Schrag R, Fields NL, Woody D. Domestic Violence Survivorship Among a Sample of Older African American Women: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP22000-NP22025. [PMID: 34965765 DOI: 10.1177/08862605211066541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
African American women experience domestic violence at a rate that is 35% higher than the domestic violence rate of White women. Moreover, African American women encompass 8% of the US population but account for 22% of domestic violence-related homicide victims. African American women are at greater risk for facing economic difficulties, homelessness, unemployment, and health and educational disparities due to domestic violence. However, little attention has been given to the lived experiences of older women who are domestic violence survivors. Theories of phenomenology and hermeneutics provided the theoretical framework for this study. An interpretative phenomenological analysis framework guided the research design and data analysis process. Overall, the findings pointed toward the need for generating more culturally sensitive and culturally tailored programs and services to address domestic violence in the African American community. Additionally, services are needed that include faith-based education, training, and prevention programs to enable churches and social workers to address the unique cultural needs of African American women who have endured domestic violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Burse
- 14658University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | | | - Noelle L Fields
- 12329The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Debra Woody
- 12329The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
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5
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Schucan Bird KL, Stokes N, Rivas C, Tomlinson M. PROTOCOL: Informal social support interventions for improving outcomes for victim-survivors of domestic violence and abuse: An evidence and gap map. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2022; 18:e1263. [PMID: 36909873 PMCID: PMC9246292 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This is the protocol for a Campbell Evidence Gap Map. The main objectives of the EGM are: establish the nature and extent of the primary empirical evidence on informal social support interventions, identify interventions and clusters of evidence suitable for systematic review/evidence synthesis and identify gaps in the evidence on informal social support interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carol Rivas
- Social Research InstituteUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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6
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Mikton C, Beaulieu M, Yon Y, Cadieux Genesse J, St‐Martin K, Byrne M, Phelan A, Storey J, Rogers M, Campbell F, Ali P, Burnes D, Band‐Winterstein T, Penhale B, Lachs M, Pillemer K, Estenson L, Marnfeldt K, Eustace‐Cook J, Sutton A, Lacasse F. PROTOCOL: Global elder abuse: A mega-map of systematic reviews on prevalence, consequences, risk and protective factors and interventions. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2022; 18:e1227. [PMID: 36911355 PMCID: PMC9046657 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows: to produce a mega-map which identifies, maps and provides a visual interactive display, based on systematic reviews on all the main aspects of elder abuse in both the community and in institutions, such as residential and long-term care institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Mikton
- Department of Social Determinants of HealthWorld Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Marie Beaulieu
- École de travail social, Faculté des lettres et sciences humainesUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQuébecCanada
- Research Chair on Mistreatment of Older AdultsSherbrookeQuébecCanada
| | - Yongjie Yon
- World Health Organization Regional Office for EuropeCopenhagenDenmark
| | | | - Kevin St‐Martin
- École de travail social, Faculté des lettres et sciences humainesUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQuébecCanada
| | - Mark Byrne
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Amanda Phelan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | | | - Michaela Rogers
- Department of Sociological StudiesUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Fiona Campbell
- School of Health and Related ResearchThe University of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Parveen Ali
- Department of Sociological StudiesUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - David Burnes
- Rotman Research Institute, Factor‐Inwentash Faculty of Social Work Affiliate Scientist, BaycrestUniversity of TorontoOntarioTorontoCanada
| | - Tova Band‐Winterstein
- Department of GerontologyFaculty of Social Welfare and Health SciencesUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
| | | | - Mark Lachs
- Geriatric MedicineWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Karl Pillemer
- Cornell Institute for Translational Research on AgingCornell UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Lilly Estenson
- Leonard Davis School of GerontologyUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kelly Marnfeldt
- Leonard Davis School of GerontologyUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Anthea Sutton
- School of Health and Related ResearchUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
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7
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Ludvigsson M, Wiklund N, Swahnberg K, Simmons J. Experiences of elder abuse: a qualitative study among victims in Sweden. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:256. [PMID: 35351038 PMCID: PMC8962107 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-02933-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Elder abuse is underreported and undertreated. Methods for prevention and intervention are being developed, but the knowledge guiding such measures is often insufficiently based on the victims’ own voices due to a paucity of studies. The aim of this study was therefore to explore experiences of elder abuse among the victims themselves.
Methods
Consecutive inpatients ≥ 65 years of age at a hospital clinic in Sweden were invited to participate, and 24 victims of elder abuse were identified. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted, and transcripts were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.
Results
The analysis generated four themes that together give a comprehensive picture of elder abuse from the participants’ subjective perspectives. The participants’ experiences of abuse were similar to previous third-party descriptions of elder abuse and to descriptions of abuse among younger adults, but certain aspects were substantially different. Vulnerability due to aging and diseases led to dependance on others and reduced autonomy. Rich descriptions were conveyed of neglect, psychological abuse, and other types of abuse in the contexts of both care services and family relations.
Conclusions
Elder abuse is often associated with an individual vulnerability mix of the aging body, illnesses, and help dependence in connection with dysfunctional surroundings. As individual differences of vulnerability, exposure to violence, and associated consequences were so clear, this implies that components of prevention and intervention should be individually tailored to match the needs and preferences of older victims.
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Experience of Vulnerable Women Narrated through the Body-Mapping Technique. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413094. [PMID: 34948703 PMCID: PMC8701214 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Vulnerable women are considered a priority in public policies and research agendas. It is necessary to understand better the specificities of their daily lives and the meanings they attribute to their experiences, as this undoubtedly contributes to more grounded and culturally appropriate practices. Additionally, innovative techniques in qualitative research are demanded in academia. This narrative research study was carried out with fourteen women from a Brazilian socioeconomically vulnerable neighborhood. We used the body-mapping technique to investigate the experiences of women with mental health disorders or psychosocial distress. The aim was to analyze the self-perception about daily stressors and discuss the feasibility of this technique to facilitate this group’s storytelling. Data collection was performed through focus groups, guided by the body-mapping technique steps, and supplemented with individual interviews. Interpersonal conflicts and violence were the main stressors. These strongly impacted the well-being of these women and their children. Some important personal qualities and resilience were identified. Body-mapping played a fundamental role in facilitating storytelling. It amplified the linguistic possibilities for participants to express their feelings and promoted reflections about the present, past, and glimpses into the future.
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Durfee A, Goodmark L. Gender, Protection Orders, and Intimate Partner Violence in Later Life: A Study of Protective Order Filings in Arizona. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:10479-10498. [PMID: 31686596 DOI: 10.1177/0886260519884688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Most analyses of domestic violence and older adults focus on abuse by children and non-intimate caregivers. However, a significant percentage of elder abuse is perpetrated by an intimate partner. This article addresses a gap in the current literature on elder abuse by addressing how older survivors of intimate partner violence use the legal system as a tool to achieve safety by filing for a civil protection order. We critically examine 607 Arizona protection order filings in 2015, comparing those petitions filed by adults 50 and older (n = 83) with those younger than 50 (n = 524). We find significant differences in the forms of violence described in the protection order petition, as well as the types of relationships between the petitioner and respondent, the likelihood that an order will be issued, and the provisions requested and granted. Most importantly, gender is a critical component of our analysis-older petitioners are far more likely to be men than younger petitioners, and both petitions and outcomes are very different for older men than for older women. These results are then discussed in the context of the dynamics of older relationships, current firearm laws, and the barriers older adults face when attempting to use resources intended to help survivors achieve safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leigh Goodmark
- University of Maryland Carey School of Law, Baltimore, USA
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10
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Band-Winterstein T, Avieli H. The Lived Experience of Older Women Who Are Sexually Abused in the Context of Lifelong IPV. Violence Against Women 2021; 28:443-464. [PMID: 33818218 DOI: 10.1177/10778012211000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study explores the lived experience of older women who are sexually abused in the context of lifelong intimate partner violence (IPV). An interpretive phenomenological analysis was used, and semi-structured interviews were performed with 19 older women survivors of lifelong IPV and sexual violence. Three themes emerged: sexual violence shaping lifelong IPV, the occurrence of sexual violence in old age in the context of lifelong IPV, and cumulative insights and reflections on being a survivor of lifelong IPV and sexual violence. The transition to aging has a profound impact on the violent relationship dynamics and this should be considered in practical interventions.
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11
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Weeks LE, Stilwell C, Gagnon D, Dupuis-Blanchard S, MacQuarrie C, Jackson LA. Initiatives to Support Older Women Who Experience Intimate Partner Violence. Violence Against Women 2021; 27:3011-3029. [PMID: 33543678 PMCID: PMC8521344 DOI: 10.1177/1077801220988355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To contribute to our knowledge about initiatives to support older women who experience intimate partner violence (IPV), we conducted an internet search, online surveys, and telephone interviews with administrators of programs for women who have experienced IPV. We compiled information on initiatives providing individual in-person and telephone support, educational and/or therapeutic groups, and short- and long-term shelters and housing. The interviews provided insights about the history and rationale for these initiatives, strengths, positive outcomes, challenges, and future program development. Our study results can inform the creation of appropriate services to meet the needs of older women who experience IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori E Weeks
- Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Danie Gagnon
- University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada
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12
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Hoppe SJ. Traditional values and domestic violence: an examination of older women's attitudes and the ability to care for oneself. J Elder Abuse Negl 2020; 32:471-488. [PMID: 33308081 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2020.1830216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Domestic violence (DV) is a worldwide societal problem affecting victims of all ages. While a sizable body of DV literature primarily surrounding young adults exists, research on DV among older individuals has received less attention. Yet, older non-victims and DV victims alike face unique challenges not experienced by younger age groups, such as socialization favoring traditional values, and loved ones who become unable to care for themselves. Less is known, however, about factors that influence older women's attitudes toward traditional values. Using a sample of women age 50 and older, including both victims and non-victims, the current study addressed this gap in research by examining whether age or the women's loved one's ability to care for themselves have an effect on attitudes toward traditional values. A discussion of the findings is provided, as well as policy implications and suggestions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Hoppe
- Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Sam Houston State University , Huntsville, Texas, USA
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Yon Y, Mikton C, Gassoumis ZD, Wilber KH. The Prevalence of Self-Reported Elder Abuse Among Older Women in Community Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2019; 20:245-259. [PMID: 29333977 DOI: 10.1177/1524838017697308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The abuse of older women appears to be a significant problem. Developing a better understanding of the extent of the problem is an important step toward preventing it. We conducted a global systematic review and meta-analysis of existing prevalence studies, in multiple languages, that occurred in the community settings from inception to June 26, 2015, in order to determine the extent of abuse against women aged 60 years and over. To disentangle the wide variations in prevalence estimates, we also investigated the associations between prevalence estimates and studies' demographic and methodological characteristics. A total of 50 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The combined prevalence for overall elder abuse in the past year was 14.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) [11.0, 18.0]). Pooled prevalence for psychological abuse was 11.8% (95% CI [9.2%, 14.9%]), neglect was 4.1% (95% CI [2.7%, 6.3%]), financial abuse was 3.8% (95% CI [2.5%, 5.5%]), sexual abuse was 2.2% (95% CI [1.6%, 3.0%]), and physical abuse was 1.9% (95% CI [1.2%, 3.1%]). The studies included in the meta-analysis for overall abuse were heterogeneous indicating that significant differences among the prevalence estimates exist. Significant associations were found between prevalence estimates and the following covariates: World Health Organization-defined regions, countries' income classification, and sample size. Together, these covariates explained 37% of the variance. Although robust prevalence studies are sparse in low- and middle-income countries, about 1 in 6, or 68 million older women experience abuse worldwide. More work is needed to understand the variation in prevalence rates and implications for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Yon
- 1 Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher Mikton
- 2 Department of Social Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Zachary D Gassoumis
- 1 Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen H Wilber
- 1 Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Weeks L, Dupuis-Blanchard S, Arseneault R, MacQuarrie C, Gagnon D, LeBlanc GM. Exploring gender and elder abuse from the perspective of professionals. J Elder Abuse Negl 2017; 30:127-143. [PMID: 29028458 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2017.1388756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We conducted an online survey of professionals working in two Canadian provinces to learn about their knowledge of elder abuse from a gender-based perspective. A total of 169 professionals (90% women) completed a survey in either French or English. Five topic areas emerged from the analysis: the influence of gender on the risk of abuse; types of abuse detected; knowledge gaps; capacity to respond to gender-based abuse; and awareness of resources. To gain further insight into these results, we conducted three focus groups with a total of 24 professionals. Professionals held relatively little recognition of, or knowledge about, gender related to elder abuse. Our results indicate the need to develop educational and awareness raising opportunities for professionals who work with abused older adults in both French and English to identify and respond to the unique needs of older women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori Weeks
- a School of Nursing , Dalhousie University , 5869 University Avenue, Halifax , Canada
| | - Suzanne Dupuis-Blanchard
- b School of Nursing, Research Chair in Population Aging CNFS, Director, Research Centre on Aging , Université de Moncton , Moncton , Canada
| | - Rina Arseneault
- c Muriel McQueen Fergusson Centre for Family Violence Research , University of Brunswick , Fredericton , Canada
| | - Colleen MacQuarrie
- d Department of Psychology , University of Prince Edward Island , Charlottetown
| | - Danie Gagnon
- e Master of Applied Health Sciences Research Student , University of New Brunswick , Fredericton , Canada
| | - Ginette Marie LeBlanc
- f Department of Social Development , Seniors and Long Term Care, Government of New Brunswick , Fredericton , Canada
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15
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Sabbah EA, Chang YP, Campbell-Heider N. Understanding Intimate Partner Violence in Jordan: Application of the Ecological Model. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2017; 53:156-163. [PMID: 26952669 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare and contrast the Heise "ecological model of gender-based violence" with factors related to "intimate partner violence" (IPV) in Jordan. METHODS Findings of empirical studies examining IPV against Jordanian women were analyzed using the Heise ecological model (1998). CONCLUSION Factors identified in the literature were generally consistent with the ecological model. However, the literature on IPV in Jordan rarely examined the role of community-level factors in the exosystem and sociopolitical factors in the macrosystem. Consequently, little is known about how these exosystem and macrosystem factors affect IPV in Jordan. The Heise model was then adapted to reflect identified factors in the Jordanian cultural context. PRACTICAL IMPLICATION More research aimed at uncovering barriers to identification and treatment of IPV targeting the exosystem and macrosystem is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Abu Sabbah
- Eman Abu Sabbah, PhD, RN, is Assistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yu-Ping Chang
- Yu-Ping Chang, PhD, RN, is Associate Professor, School of Nursing, The State University of New York, New York, USA
| | - Nancy Campbell-Heider
- Nancy Campbell-Heider, PhD, FNP, NP-C, CARN-AP, FAANP, FIAAN, is Associate Professor, School of Nursing, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
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Research Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Elder Abuse Prevalence Studies. Can J Aging 2017; 36:256-265. [PMID: 28399951 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980817000137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Elder abuse is an important public health and human rights issue, yet its true extent is not well understood. To address this, we will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of elder abuse prevalence studies from around the world. This protocol describes the methodological approach to be adopted for conducting this systematic review and meta-analysis. In particular, the protocol describes the search strategies and eligibility criteria to be used to identify and select studies and how data from the selected studies will be extracted for analysis. The protocol also describes the analytical approach that will be used to calculate pooled prevalence estimates and discusses the use of meta-regression to assess how studies' characteristics influence the prevalence estimates. This protocol conforms to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis - or PRISMA - guidelines and has been registered with the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of systematic reviews.
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Donder LD, Lang G, Ferreira-Alves J, Penhale B, Tamutiene I, Luoma ML. Risk factors of severity of abuse against older women in the home setting: A multinational European study. J Women Aging 2016; 28:540-554. [DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2016.1223933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Weeks LE, Macquarrie C, Begley L, Gill C, Leblanc KD. Strengthening resources for midlife and older rural women who experience intimate partner violence. J Women Aging 2016; 28:46-57. [PMID: 26798951 DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2014.950500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about midlife and older women who experience intimate partner violence living in rural places and their resource needs. Guided by a strengths perspective, we provided insights into resources that midlife and older women use, or would like to use, in their journey in leaving an abusive partner. Eight women who had left an abusive partner participated in a face-to-face interview. They drew on a wide variety of paid and unpaid resources, while each woman had a unique set of resources that contributed to her being able to make such a significant life transition. It is clear that we need to have a variety of formal and informal resources available to older women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) in rural places, and new forms of resources need to be developed. Our results also indicate that increased efforts are needed in improving both public and professional education regarding older rural women and IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori E Weeks
- a School of Nursing , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada
| | - Colleen Macquarrie
- b Department of Psychology , University of Prince Edward Island , Charlottetown , Prince Edward Island , Canada
| | - Lorraine Begley
- b Department of Psychology , University of Prince Edward Island , Charlottetown , Prince Edward Island , Canada
| | - Carmen Gill
- c Department of Sociology , University of Brunswick , Fredericton , New Brunswick , Canada
| | - Kristal D Leblanc
- d Beausejour Family Crisis Resource Centre , Shediac , New Brunswick , Canada
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Stöckl H, Penhale B. Intimate Partner Violence and Its Association With Physical and Mental Health Symptoms Among Older Women in Germany. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2015; 30:3089-3111. [PMID: 25392386 DOI: 10.1177/0886260514554427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence is a commonly acknowledged health care issue. While numerous studies established the health implications of physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence among women of reproductive age, the evidence is scarce for older women and for other forms of intimate partner violence. This study, therefore, investigates the prevalence of intimate partner violence in its different forms and its association with physical and mental health symptoms of older women, using women of reproductive age as a reference group. This study is a cross-sectional study, utilizing data from a national representative survey of 10,264 German women aged 16 to 86 years. Rates of physical and sexual intimate partner violence in the last year decreased from 8% to 3% and 1% among women aged 16 to 49 years, 50 to 65 years, and 66 to 86 years, respectively. The prevalence of emotional and economic abuse and controlling behavior by partners remained nearly the same. All forms of intimate partner violence had significant associations with women's health symptoms, such as gastrointestinal, psychosomatic and psychological symptoms, and pelvic problems. Controlling behavior was most consistently associated with most health symptoms. Health and care professionals who screen women for intimate partner violence should, therefore, consider incorporating questions about controlling behavior as well, because this form of violence is not only frequent but also has multiple health outcomes among women across all ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Stöckl
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK
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Guedes DT, Alvarado BE, Phillips SP, Curcio CL, Zunzunegui MV, Guerra RO. Socioeconomic status, social relations and domestic violence (DV) against elderly people in Canada, Albania, Colombia and Brazil. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2015; 60:492-500. [PMID: 25704920 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether gender, socioeconomic conditions, and/or social relations are related to recent experiences of DV in older adult populations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data on socioeconomic status and social relations were collected in 2012 from 1995 community-dwelling older adults in Canada, Colombia, Brazil, and Albania. Violence experienced in the last 6 months was measured using the Hurt, Insulted, Threatened with harm, or Screamed at (HITS) scale and classified according to type (physical or psychological) and perpetrator (partner or family member). Binary logistic regression analyses were used to assess associations between experiences of violence and gender, socioeconomic conditions, and social relations. RESULTS Physical violence (by partner or family member) was reported by 0.63-0.85% of participants; the prevalence of psychological violence (by partner or family member) ranged from 3.2% to 23.5% in men and 9% to 26% in women. After adjustment for socioeconomic status, social relations, age and site, women experienced more psychological violence perpetrated by family members than did men (odds ratio (OR): 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2-2.6). Social relations, such as multifamily living arrangements and low levels of support from partners, children, and family, were associated with psychological DV. Current working status was associated with greater odds of victimization by partners among men (OR: 2.35 95% CI: 1.34-1.41), but not among women. CONCLUSIONS Gender and social relations are important determinants of experiencing violence in older adults. The findings of this study demonstrate the importance of a gender-based approach to the study of DV in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Taurino Guedes
- Faculdade de ciências da Saúde do Trairi, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Bolsita CNpQ Brasil, Rua Vila Trairi, S/N, Centro, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte 59200-000, Brazil.
| | - Beatriz Eugenia Alvarado
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Carruthers Hall Office 205, 62 Fifth Field Company Lane, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Susan P Phillips
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, 220 Bagot St., K7L 5E9 Kingston, Canada
| | - Carmen Lucia Curcio
- Facultad de Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Edificio Miguel Arango Soto, Carrera 25 N°48-57, Manizales, Colombia
| | - María Victoria Zunzunegui
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Ricardo Oliveira Guerra
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, Lagoa Nova, 59078-970 Natal, RN, Brazil
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Abstract
The purpose of this qualitative systematic review was to more fully understand intimate partner abuse (IPA) among older women and to explicate strategies for enhancing their well-being. The sample ( N = 20) was assembled based on an expansive search of the peer-reviewed literature using multiple electronic databases. Qualitative findings were extracted and coded/categorized. Reflective memos were developed, and a cohesive interpretation of the raw data emerged. IPA tends to be a multigenerational problem that older women are reluctant to discuss. With age, IPA assumes different forms, and many older women actively choose to make the best of their situations. Older women cope by trying to make sense of their lives and nurturing themselves in small ways. Occasionally, events occur that enable permanent change. Nurses are encouraged to nonjudgmentally assist older women to enhance their well-being, despite IPA. They are also urged to actively intervene when opportunities for significant change arise.
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Divin C, Volker DL, Harrison T. Intimate partner violence in Mexican-American women with disabilities: a secondary data analysis of cross-language research. ANS Adv Nurs Sci 2013; 36:243-57. [PMID: 23907305 PMCID: PMC3733476 DOI: 10.1097/ans.0b013e31829edcdb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this qualitative descriptive study, guided by Antonovsky's salutogenic model, was to explore the manifestations of strength within the interviews of Spanish-speaking Mexican-American women aging with mobility impairments who also experienced intimate partner violence (IPV). IPV events gleaned from 26 audiotaped interviews from 7 Spanish-speaking Mexican-American women, who ranged in age from 55 to 75 years, constituted the sample for this secondary analysis. Five categories were identified: abuse from early on that shaped sense of coherence; violencia tan cruel--threatened sense of coherence; "salutogenic" choices within the context of IPV; a quest for peace; and strength amid struggle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Divin
- School of Nursing, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78701, USA.
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