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Atilla R, Kaya D, Akarsu RH, Köroğlu V. Relationship Between Menopausal Symptoms, Cancer Screening Behaviors, and Religion Attitudes of Women in the Climacteric Period: A Cross-Sectional Study. Niger J Clin Pract 2024; 27:280-288. [PMID: 38409159 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_676_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it is known that religion is used to cope with health problems, there is a lack of information about the effect of religion on menopausal symptoms and cancer screening attitudes of climacteric women. AIM This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the religious attitudes of women in the climacteric period and their attitudes toward menopausal symptoms and cancer screening. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 381 women in the climacteric period in the Central Anatolia region of Türkiye. Data collection form, the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), OK-Religious Attitude Scale (ORAS), and attitude for cancer screening (short form) (ASCS) were used to collect data. Correlation analysis assessed the relationship between MRS, ORAS, and ASCS. RESULTS There was a low positive correlation between women's ORAS mean score (35.19 ± 4.80) and MRS mean score (12.68 ± 7.24) (r = 0.284, P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant relationship between the mean ORAS scores of the women and the mean ASCS scores (64.59 ± 10.47) (r = 0.089, P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Women who experienced more severe menopausal symptoms had stronger religious attitudes. Women's religious attitudes did not affect their attitudes toward cancer screening. It is therefore recommended that health professionals organize counseling and training activities to protect and improve the health of menopausal women and increase their participation in screening and treatment programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Atilla
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Nigde Zübeyde Hanım Faculty of Health Sciences, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Türkiye
| | - D Kaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Türkiye
| | - R H Akarsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bozok University, Yozgat, Türkiye
| | - V Köroğlu
- Department of Midwifery, Şehit Kenan Erdem Family Health Center, Nigde, Türkiye
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Uslu-Sahan F, Er-Korucu A, Abic A. Quality of Sexual Life and Attitudes toward Menopause among Postmenopausal Women Living in Northern Cyprus: A Cross-sectional Study. J Midlife Health 2023; 14:265-271. [PMID: 38504736 PMCID: PMC10946685 DOI: 10.4103/jmh.jmh_178_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Most middle-aged women in the menopausal period consider sexuality an important part of life. The aim of the present study was to investigate the factors affecting the quality of sexual life and attitudes toward menopause in postmenopausal women and the effects of their attitudes toward menopause on the quality of sexual life. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with postmenopausal women in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus between July 2021 and April 2022. The research sample consisted of 255 postmenopausal women. The Attitudes Toward Menopause Scale and the Sexual Quality of Life Scale (SQLS) were used to collect data. The questionnaire forms were administered online. The data were analyzed using the independent t-test, analysis of variance, Tukey's test, Pearson's correlation, and linear regression analysis. Results The mean score of the participants on the SQLS was 43.54 ± 12.56 and the mean score of the Attitudes Toward Menopause Scale was 60.39 ± 16.29. The study revealed that variables such as age, level of education, employment status, duration of menopause, and knowledge about menopause have an effect on women's sexual life quality. In addition to the listed variables, income level was found to affect attitudes toward menopause. A positive attitude toward menopause causes an increase in the level of sexual life quality (β = 0.544, R2 = 0.30, F = 106.260, R = 0.544, P = 0.001). Conclusions The attitudes of postmenopausal women toward menopause are an important determinant of their sexual life quality. For this reason, it is recommended to develop and implement training programs that can improve sexual health of women and their attitudes toward menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Uslu-Sahan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Asli Er-Korucu
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arzu Abic
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Turkey
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Simbar M, Nazarpour S, KhodaKarami N, Nasiri Z, Rashidi Fakari F, Kiani Z, Keyvanfar S, Alavi Majd H. A situation analysis on postmenopausal women's self-care needs and priorities in Tehran: a population-based study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:104. [PMID: 36641438 PMCID: PMC9840540 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15040-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women need special care during and after menopause. Due to the emphasis of the World Health Organization on promoting self-care in postmenopausal women, this study aims to analyze the situation and prioritize the self-care needs of postmenopausal women in the Tehran-Iran. METHODS This was a descriptive-analytical study on 486 postmenopausal women aged 46-85 years living in Tehran in 2021. The Subjects were recruited using a multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected using a socio-demographic and a valid and reliable questionnaire to assess postmenopausal women's self-care status with four domains including physical health, psychosocial health, reproductive-sexual health, and screening tests. The data were analyzed by SPSS-24. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 62.58 ± 7.75 years. The mean score of self-care was 44.63 ± 21.64% in the postmenopausal women. The lowest score and highest scores were related to psychosocial health (25.12 ± 28.21%) and periodic tests (50.62 ± 24.40%) respectively. There were significant positive correlations between self-care with women's education level (r = 0.277; p < 0.001), husband's education level (r = 0.258; p < 0.001), as well as monthly income (r = 0.153; p = 0.001). There was a negative correlation between self-care with the number of children (r = - 0.215; p < 0.001). The level of self-care was higher in employed women (p = 0.001) and also, in women whose husbands were employed (p = 0.012). Multiple linear regression test showed the level of education of the husband (B = 2.72, p = 0.038) and the family size (B = -1.54, p = 0.023) are predictors of the self-care of postmenopausal women. CONCLUSION The findings showed more than 55% of challenges in the self-care behaviors of postmenopausal women in Tehran. The most and least challenging self-care behaviors were related to psychosocial health and performing periodic tests. The priorities were in psychosocial health and reproductive-sexual health dimensions. Self-care promotion is necessary, especially in postmenopausal women, who need special care due to various physical, psychological, and social changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Simbar
- Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soheila Nazarpour
- Department of Midwifery, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran
| | - Nahid KhodaKarami
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Nasiri
- General Directorate of Health, The Deputy of Social and Cultural Affairs of Tehran Municipality, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari
- Department of Midwifery, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Zahra Kiani
- Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Keyvanfar
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Alavi Majd
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Cheer K, Harrington RB, Esau D, Foroasi E, Redman-MacLaren M. Women's understanding and experiences of menopause in low-income and middle-income countries in the Asia Pacific region: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e060316. [PMID: 35868822 PMCID: PMC9316029 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Menopause denotes the end of a woman's reproductive life. A woman's experiences of menopause are shaped by her individual circumstances and may vary between social and cultural contexts. Evidence is needed to inform research and programme delivery that supports women's health and well-being throughout the menopausal transition. This scoping review will map evidence of women's experiences of menopause in Asia Pacific countries, where limited research exists. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will follow the five-stage framework of Arksey and O'Malley, further developed by Levac et al and the Joanna Briggs Institute. MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Scopus databases will be systematically searched between February 2022 and May 2022 using subject headings and keywords. The title-abstract and full text of retrieved studies will be assessed against eligibility criteria. The review will focus on studies with a qualitative research component. Citation searching of selected articles will supplement database searching. Data will be extracted, charted, synthesised and summarised. Findings will be presented in narrative format and implications for research and practice reported. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not required for this scoping review of selected studies from peer-reviewed journals. Ethical approval has been granted from relevant ethics committees for community consultation. Findings will be shared in peer-reviewed publications, presented at conferences and disseminated with communities, health workers and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Cheer
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Relmah Baritama Harrington
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
- Atoifi College of Nursing, Pacific Adventist University, Atoifi, Solomon Islands
| | - Dorothy Esau
- Baru Conservation Alliance, Auki, Solomon Islands
| | - Emmy Foroasi
- Baru Conservation Alliance, Auki, Solomon Islands
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The association between sexual function and body image among postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health 2021; 21:403. [PMID: 34876095 PMCID: PMC8650325 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-021-01549-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopause physiological changes may alter body image (BI) during the postmenopausal period of life. Body image dissatisfaction may have negative effects on the sexual function of women. The present study aims to assess the relationship between body image and sexual function during the postmenopausal period. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on 231 postmenopausal women who were menopausal during the recent 5 years, aged > 40 years old, and referring to health centers in Tehran-Iran. The participants were recruited using a multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected using 3 questionnaires including socio-demographic, Fisher's Body Image, and female sexual function index (FSFI). Data were analyzed using SPSS 24 and multiple regression, Mann-Whitey, Pearson, and Spearman correlation tests. RESULTS Two hundred thirty-one postmenopausal women aged 52.53 ± 5.32 (mean ± SD) years old participated in the study. The mean and standard deviation of FSFI and BI of the women were respectively 19.59 ± 11.11(ranges 1.2-36) and 155.43 ± 37.09 (ranges from 46 to 230). According to FSFI, 62.8% of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) was reported. There were significant correlations between scores of total and all domains of FSFI with scores of total and all dimensions of BI. There was also a positive correlation between education and family income of the women and a negative correlation between age of husband and duration of menopause with their sexual function. Significant relationships were also shown between the women's and the husbands' jobs with the total score of women's sexual function. According to the multiple linear regression model, BI was a significant predictor of sexual function in postmenopausal women. CONCLUSION Body image is effective on the sexual function of postmenopausal women. Therefore, body image is necessary to be considered in future postmenopausal health promotion programs.
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Ilankoon IMPS, Samarasinghe K, Elgán C. Menopause is a natural stage of aging: a qualitative study. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2021; 21:47. [PMID: 33522914 PMCID: PMC7849153 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-020-01164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Menopause is a biopsychosocial phenomenon encompassing the transition in a woman’s life from being fertile to infertile. Although menopause may result in extremely unpleasant physical symptoms there is evidence of a low rate of reported menopausal symptoms amongst women in Asian cultures. Women’s experiences, views, and responses to menopause which influences women’s daily life and well-being, may vary between different societies and cultures. This study aimed to explore and describe menopausal experiences among women in Sri Lanka. Methods A qualitative exploratory research was conducted among postmenopausal women of 46–55 years of age in the western province of Sri Lanka. Individual interviews with a purposive sample of 20 women were conducted, and data analysis was done using manifest and latent content analysis. Results The results consist of an overall theme, “Menopause is a natural stage of aging” and three categories “Entering a new stage”, “Managing menopause” and “Not the end of life” which emerged from 34 codes. The overall theme highlights that changes in menopause were experienced as a natural change in life, with health problems that are normal for this change and handled with different self-care practices. The category “Entering a new stage” describes the women becoming aware of menopause and its bodily changes. The category “Managing menopause” describes women’s experiences of being able to find their own remedies to ease the menopausal symptoms and by engaging in religious activities and focusing on interaction with people. The category, “Not the end of life” describes women's views of themselves as still valuable because menopause was experienced as a natural part of their lives. Conclusion Women in Sri Lanka managed menopausal problem mainly on their own as they viewed the menopause as a natural stage of aging risking unnecessary suffering and failure to detect preventable complications. Enabling support groups for menopausal women and improving on their health-seeking behaviour by encouraging them to take part in screening for cervical and breast cancer would improve their condition. Further information on additional hormone therapy with a, subsequent follow-up and evaluation by community health nurses and/or midwives, would facilitate Sri Lankan women's transition to menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M P S Ilankoon
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
| | - K Samarasinghe
- Faculty of Health Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - C Elgán
- Faculty of Health Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
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Bahri N, Latifnejad Roudsari R. "Moving from uncertainty toward acceptance": a grounded theory study on exploring Iranian women's experiences of encountering menopause. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2020; 41:154-164. [PMID: 31623492 DOI: 10.1080/0167482x.2019.1678018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Menopause as a universal phenomenon is influenced by social norms so that women's experiences during menopausal transition are related to the social values and cultural symbols. This qualitative study was conducted to discover the Iranian women's experiences of encountering menopause.Materials and Methods: In this grounded theory study 27 women living in Mashhad and Gonabad, North East of Iran, from May 2013 to July, 2016 were selected using purposive and theoretical sampling. Semi structured in-depth interviews were conducted for data collection until data saturation was achieved. Data was analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's (1998) recommended method through open, axial and selective coding. MAXQDA 2007 software was used for organizing data and managing the process of analysis.Results: The analysis revealed the core category of "moving from uncertainty toward acceptance". The interrelated categories subsumed under the core category included challenging aging, observing the symptoms of menopause, responding to the menopausal symptoms, understanding the need for preparation, and assessing the right time to prepare.Conclusion: Moving from uncertainty toward acceptance was identified as the core concept in the Iranian women's experiences of encountering menopause. Modifying the beliefs of people about menopause and aging as well as increasing their knowledge and information about menopause can help women to experience the menopausal transition with more ease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Bahri
- Reproductive Health, Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
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Amini E, McCormack M. Medicalization, menopausal time and narratives of loss: Iranian Muslim women negotiating gender, sexuality and menopause in Tehran and Karaj. WOMENS STUDIES INTERNATIONAL FORUM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wsif.2019.102277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Shorey S, Ng ED. The experiences and needs of Asian women experiencing menopausal symptoms: a meta-synthesis. Menopause 2018; 26:557-569. [PMID: 30562319 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to explore the experiences and needs of Asian women who were experiencing or had experienced menopause and to determine possible differences in experiences due to acculturation by comparing Asian women living in Asia and those living in Western countries. METHODS Six electronic databases were systematically searched: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, and ProQuest. The search resulted in 17 qualitative studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality appraisal was conducted using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Checklist. All 17 studies were analyzed using meta-summaries and, then, using meta-synthesis. RESULTS Five themes were identified from the 17 included studies (United States, n = 5; Asia, n = 12): (1) perceptions and attitudes toward menopause (n = 14), (2) physical and emotional experiences during menopause (n = 16), (3) changes in life and relationships (n = 11), (4) needs and coping strategies (n = 13), and (5) unique Asian experiences in Western societies (n = 5). Asian women generally had neutral or positive attitudes toward menopause, but their negative physical, emotional, and psychosocial experiences highlighted their unmet needs and unpreparedness for this phase of life. Diverse self-management strategies were adopted, but there was a high demand for more trustworthy informational resources. Asian women in Western societies were not highly acculturated and retained traditional practices. CONCLUSIONS Although cultural influences serve as a protective factor against menopausal symptoms, the traditional and conservative nature of the Asian society poses as a help-seeking barrier. Therefore, to ensure the healthy well-being of postmenopausal women, the implementation of culturally appropriate mitigation and management strategies is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefaly Shorey
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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de Salis I, Owen-Smith A, Donovan JL, Lawlor DA. Experiencing menopause in the UK: The interrelated narratives of normality, distress, and transformation. J Women Aging 2018; 30:520-540. [PMID: 29095126 PMCID: PMC6191885 DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2018.1396783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the experience and perspectives of menopause among 48 UK mothers through qualitative in-depth interviews. Interviews were analyzed thematically then explored using social science theories. Three interdependent narratives emerged: menopause as a normal, biological process, distinct from self and social transitions; menopause as struggle, an "idiom of distress" expressing upset, identity loss, shame, and social upheaval; and menopause as transformative and liberating, arising from biopsychic and relational changes. Some women followed a predictable "rite of passage" trajectory with transformation emerging from distress, but not all: Menopause arises from a complex interplay of personal predicament, somatic change, and sociocultural context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel de Salis
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Amanda Owen-Smith
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jenny L. Donovan
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Debbie A. Lawlor
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Hakimi S, Haggi HB, Shojai SK, Farahbakhsh M, Farhan F. Comparing the Pattern of Menopausal Symptoms, Concern and Attitudes in Urban and Rural Postmenopausal Iranian Women. J Menopausal Med 2018; 24:50-55. [PMID: 29765927 PMCID: PMC5949308 DOI: 10.6118/jmm.2018.24.1.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Although hormonal changes during menopause are inevitable in this period, the severity of the menopausal symptoms can be controlled. Accepting menopause and having a positive attitude toward it can also help. Given the results of previous studies, and since environmental factors affect the pattern of menopausal symptoms the present study was conducted to compare the pattern of menopausal symptoms, concern and attitudes in urban and rural postmenopausal women. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on urban and rural postmenopausal women residing in and around Tabriz, Iran. Cluster sampling was used to select the subjects. The data collection tools used included a demographic questionnaire to assess women's experiences during menopause. Results This study examined 544 urban and rural postmenopausal women between March and September 2015. The women had a mean age of 51.8 ± 3.1. After adjusting the basic variables, the mean scores of menopausal symptoms and their subscales showed significantly higher scores in the physical and psychological subscales in the urban women, while the rural women had significantly higher scores in the concern subscale. Conclusions Rural women were significantly different from urban women in terms of menopausal symptoms, concern and attitudes. Hot flushes, a common menopausal symptom, and decreased sexual desire were more common in the urban women; in contrast, the rural women experienced more concern about menopause and its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Hakimi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hurieh Badali Haggi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Farahbakhsh
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faranak Farhan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
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