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Guerrero Rodríguez C, Palmero Cantero F, Gómez-Íñiguez C. Blood pressure responses of defensive hostile women when facing a real stress task. Psychol Health 2018. [PMID: 29532686 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2018.1449952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the importance of the combination of the hostility and defensiveness variables as psychosocial factors that predict the risk of cardiovascular dysfunction. We examined the impact of a stressful situation on blood pressure responses, using a continuous psychophysiological assessment approach. DESIGN We measured the evolution of these responses over three experimental phases (adaptation, task and recovery), also considering a minute-by-minute analysis within each phase. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We used the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale and the Social Desirability Questionnaire to form four groups (high hostility and high defensiveness, high hostility and low defensiveness, low hostility and high defensiveness, and low hostility and low defensiveness). RESULTS We expected the group of hostile defensive women to record higher activation (task phase: an academic exam) and slower habituation (recovery phase) compared to the other groups. The results confirmed our hypothesis, as the profile of the hostile defensive individuals was one of constant or sensitization during the task phase, while during the recovery phase those individuals underwent a slow recovery. CONCLUSION Therefore, it can be indicated that the low hostility and low defensive group is the most adaptive, as recorded very little activation in response, and rapid recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco Palmero Cantero
- b Department of Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology , University Jaume I of Castellón , Castellón de la Plana , Spain
| | - Consuelo Gómez-Íñiguez
- b Department of Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology , University Jaume I of Castellón , Castellón de la Plana , Spain
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Appleton KM, Woodside JV, Arveiler D, Haas B, Amouyel P, Montaye M, Ferrieres J, Ruidavets JB, Yarnell JWG, Kee F, Evans A, Bingham A, Ducimetiere P, Patterson CC. A Role for Behavior in the Relationships Between Depression and Hostility and Cardiovascular Disease Incidence, Mortality, and All-Cause Mortality: the Prime Study. Ann Behav Med 2017; 50:582-91. [PMID: 26979997 PMCID: PMC4933737 DOI: 10.1007/s12160-016-9784-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Behavioral factors are important in disease incidence and mortality and may explain associations between mortality and various psychological traits. Purpose These analyses investigated the impact of behavioral factors on the associations between depression, hostility and cardiovascular disease(CVD) incidence, CVD mortality, and all-cause mortality. Methods Data from the PRIME Study (N = 6953 men) were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models, following adjustment for demographic and biological CVD risk factors, and other psychological traits, including social support. Results Following initial adjustment, both depression and hostility were significantly associated with both mortality outcomes (smallest SHR = 1.24, p < 0.001). Following adjustment for behavioral factors, all relationships were attenuated both when accounting for and not accounting for other psychological variables. Associations with all-cause mortality remained significant (smallest SHR = 1.14, p = 0.04). Of the behaviors included, the most significant contribution to outcomes was found for smoking, but a role was also found for fruit and vegetable intakes and high alcohol consumption. Conclusions These findings demonstrate well-known associations between depression, hostility, and mortality and suggest the potential importance of behaviors in explaining these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Appleton
- Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, BH12 5BB, UK.
| | - J V Woodside
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BJ, UK
| | - D Arveiler
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg, EA3430, Strasbourg, France
| | - B Haas
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg, EA3430, Strasbourg, France
| | - P Amouyel
- The Lille Monica Project, INSERM U744, Lille, France
| | - M Montaye
- The Lille Monica Project, INSERM U744, Lille, France
| | - J Ferrieres
- The Toulouse MONICA Project, INSERM UMR1027, Toulouse, France
| | - J B Ruidavets
- The Toulouse MONICA Project, INSERM UMR1027, Toulouse, France
| | - J W G Yarnell
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BJ, UK
| | - F Kee
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BJ, UK
| | - A Evans
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BJ, UK
| | - A Bingham
- The Coordinating Center, INSERM U780, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - P Ducimetiere
- The Coordinating Center, INSERM U780, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - C C Patterson
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BJ, UK
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Lemche AV, Chaban OS, Lemche E. Anger Traits Associated With Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers in the Metabolic Syndrome. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2016; 31:336-42. [PMID: 27299759 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that different personality traits contribute to mortality in different subtypes of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Anger traits have been shown to promote the constellation of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), which in turn increases CVD risks. OBJECTIVE To determine covariation of anger traits with CVD biomarkers, we examined patients (N = 101; 34 men and 67 women; age, 45.6 ± 13.96 years) in a nationally sampled treatment cohort for MetS in the Ukrainian governmental healthcare system. METHODS Data collection was conducted in 2007. Laboratory data of single components of the MetS according to International Diabetes Federation Consensus were dependent measures in regression models with self-reported overt aggressivity and covert hostility in the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory and sociodemographic data. Structural equation models (SEMs) were tested. RESULTS The SEM results are in favor of a sex-adjusted 2-factor solution R = 0.723), as indicated by equation-level Bentler-Raykov goodness-of-fit coefficients of 0.81 to 0.97 for paths to biological variables. Two latent components, 1 relating to aggressivity and the other to hostility, combine lipid/obesity-related measures and cholesterol-related measures, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The SEM results suggest that CVD-risk biomarker variables in this MetS sample (a) associate into 2 distinct profiles and (b) that 1 profile associates with overt anger, whereas the other associates with covert hostility. These results could contribute to more personalized prevention and care in CVD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra V Lemche
- Alexandra V. Lemche, MD Researcher, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité-University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.Oleg S. Chaban, MD, PhD, DSc Full Professor, Section of Neuroses and Somatoform Disorders, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kiev, Ukraine.Erwin Lemche, PhD Senior Researcher, Section of Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College, London, United Kingdom
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Kahler CW, McHugh RK, Leventhal AM, Colby SM, Gwaltney CJ, Monti PM. High Hostility Among Smokers Predicts Slower Recognition of Positive Facial Emotion. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2012; 52:444-448. [PMID: 22223928 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2011.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
High levels of trait hostility are associated with wide-ranging interpersonal deficits and heightened physiological response to social stressors. These deficits may be attributable in part to individual differences in the perception of social cues. The present study evaluated the ability to recognize facial emotion among 48 high hostile (HH) and 48 low hostile (LH) smokers and whether experimentally-manipulated acute nicotine deprivation moderated relations between hostility and facial emotion recognition. A computer program presented series of pictures of faces that morphed from a neutral emotion into increasing intensities of happiness, sadness, fear, or anger, and participants were asked to identify the emotion displayed as quickly as possible. Results indicated that HH smokers, relative to LH smokers, required a significantly greater intensity of emotion expression to recognize happiness. No differences were found for other emotions across HH and LH individuals, nor did nicotine deprivation moderate relations between hostility and emotion recognition. This is the first study to show that HH individuals are slower to recognize happy facial expressions and that this occurs regardless of recent tobacco abstinence. Difficulty recognizing happiness in others may impact the degree to which HH individuals are able to identify social approach signals and to receive social reinforcement.
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