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Wołoszyn-Durkiewicz A, Iwaszkiewicz-Grześ D, Świętoń D, Kujawa MJ, Jankowska A, Durawa A, Glasner P, Trzonkowski P, Glasner L, Szurowska E, Myśliwiec M. The Complex Network of Cytokines and Chemokines in Pediatric Patients with Long-Standing Type 1 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1565. [PMID: 38338843 PMCID: PMC10855710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a progressive disorder leading to the development of microangiopathies and macroangiopathies. Numerous cytokines and chemokines are involved in the pathogenesis of T1D complications. The study aimed to assess the presence of complications in patients with long-standing T1D and its relationship with serum biomarker concentrations. We examined 52 T1D subjects, with a disease duration ≥4 years and 39 healthy controls. The group of T1D patients was further divided into subgroups based on the duration of the disease (<7 years and ≥7 years) and the metabolic control assessed by the HbAlc level (<8% and ≥8%). We used Luminex Technology to assess a wide range of biomarker concentrations. A 24 h urine test was done to evaluate the rate of albuminuria. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was conducted to detect early retinopathic changes. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by measuring the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). T1D patients showed remarkably higher concentrations of EGF, eotaxin/CCL11, MDC/CCL22, sCD40L, TGF-α, and TNF-α. Moreover, we reported statistically significant correlations between cytokines and IMT. Biomarker concentrations depend on numerous factors such as disease duration, metabolic control, and the presence of complications. Although the majority of pediatric T1D patients do not present signs of overt complications, it is indispensable to conduct the screening for angiopathies already in childhood, as its early recognition may attenuate the further progression of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wołoszyn-Durkiewicz
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Dorota Iwaszkiewicz-Grześ
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.I.-G.); (P.T.)
| | - Dominik Świętoń
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.Ś.); (A.J.); (A.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Mariusz J. Kujawa
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.Ś.); (A.J.); (A.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Anna Jankowska
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.Ś.); (A.J.); (A.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Agata Durawa
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.Ś.); (A.J.); (A.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Paulina Glasner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.G.); (L.G.)
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Trzonkowski
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.I.-G.); (P.T.)
| | - Leopold Glasner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.G.); (L.G.)
| | - Edyta Szurowska
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.Ś.); (A.J.); (A.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Myśliwiec
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
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Morandi A, Piona C, Corradi M, Marigliano M, Giontella A, Orsi S, Emiliani F, Tagetti A, Marcon D, Fava C, Maffeis C. Risk factors for pre-clinical atherosclerosis in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 198:110618. [PMID: 36906234 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To assess whether, besides "traditional" risk factors, overall oxidative stress, oxidized lipoproteins, and glycemic variability are associated with early macro-vascular damage in type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS In 267 children/adolescents with T1D (130 girls, age 9.1-23.0 years) we evaluated: derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites [d-ROMs], serum total antioxidant capacity [TAC] and oxidized LDL-cholesterol [oxLDL]; markers of early vascular damage (Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 [Lp-PLA2], z-score of carotid intima-media thickness [z-cIMT] and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [z-PWV]); CGM metrics of four weeks preceding the visit, central systolic/diastolic blood pressures (cSBP/cDBP), and HbA1c, z-score of BP (z-SBP/z-DBP) and circulating lipids longitudinally collected since T1D onset.. Three general linear models were built with z-cIMT, z-PWV adjusted for current cDBP, and Lp-PLA2 as independent variables. RESULTS The z-cIMT was associated with male gender (B = 0.491, η2 = 0.029, p = 0.005), cSBP (B = 0.023, η2 = 0.026, p = 0.008) and oxLDL (B = 0.022, η2 = 0.022, p = 0.014). The z-PWV was associated with diabetes duration (B = 0.054, η2 = 0.024, p = 0.016), daily insulin dose (B = 0.52, η2 = 0.018, p = 0.045), longitudinal z-SBP (B = 0.18, η2 = 0.018, p = 0.045) and dROMs (B = 0.003, η2 = 0.037, p = 0.004). Lp-PLA2 was associated with age (B = 0.221, η2 = 0.079, p = 3*10-6), oxLDL (B = 0.081, η2 = 0.050, p = 2*10-4), longitudinal LDL-cholesterol (B = 0.031, η2 = 0.043, p = 0.001) and male gender (B = -1.62, η2 = 0.10, p = 1.3*107). CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress, male gender, insulin dose, diabetes duration and longitudinal lipids and blood pressure, contributed to the variance of early vascular damage in young patients with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Morandi
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudia Piona
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Corradi
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Marigliano
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alice Giontella
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine & Hypertension Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Orsi
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Emiliani
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Angela Tagetti
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine & Hypertension Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Denise Marcon
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine & Hypertension Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cristiano Fava
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine & Hypertension Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Maffeis
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Vekic J, Stoian AP, Rizzo M. Lipoprotein subclasses and early kidney dysfunction in young type 1 diabetes mellitus patients. J Diabetes Complications 2023; 37:108412. [PMID: 36764229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Anca Pantea Stoian
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition, and Metabolic Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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