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Atta K, Shankar PR, Archer E, Andon A, Zaidi Z, Sabzwari S, Naidu T, Chow CJ, Ashry S, Çalışkan SA, Keenoo BS, Lee YM, Lu PY, Malca-Casavilca M, Marjadi B, Micheal S, Park H, Tun W. Twelve tips for strengthening global equity in health professions education publication. MEDICAL TEACHER 2024:1-6. [PMID: 39104145 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2024.2384958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite recent calls to engage in scholarship with attention to anti-racism, equity, and social justice at a global level in Health Professions Education (HPE), the field has made few significant advances in incorporating the views of the so-called "Other" in understanding the nature, origin, and scope of knowledge as well as the epistemic justification of knowledge production. Editors, authors, and reviewers must take responsibility for questioning existing systems and structures, specifically about how they diffuse the knowledge of a few and silence the knowledge of many. This article presents 12 recommendations proposed by The Global South Counterspace Authors Collective (GSCAC), a group of HPE professionals, representing countries in the Global South, to help the Global North enact practical changes to become more inclusive and engage in authentic and representative work in HPE publishing. This list is not all-encompassing but a first step to begin rectifying non-inclusive structures in our field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Atta
- Department of Medical Education, University Medical and Dental College, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Elize Archer
- Centre for Health Professions Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Anabelle Andon
- Medical Education and Learning Specialist, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Manhattan, New York, USA
| | - Zareen Zaidi
- George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Thirusha Naidu
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Berea, Durban, South Africa
| | - Candace J Chow
- Department of Internal Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Utah, USA
| | - Soha Ashry
- Medical Education Department, Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Ayhan Çalışkan
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Bibi Sumera Keenoo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Moka, Mauritius
| | - Young-Mee Lee
- Department of Medical Education Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul South Korea
- Editor in Chief, Korean Journal of Medical Education
| | - Peih-Ying Lu
- College of Medicine, Dean of College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Michan Malca-Casavilca
- Medical School, Peruvian University of Applied Sciences (UPC), Faculty of Medicine, National University of San Marcos (UNMSM), Lima, Peru
| | | | - Sowbhagya Micheal
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Hyunmi Park
- Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Eckmann P, Bandrowski A. PreprintMatch: A tool for preprint to publication detection shows global inequities in scientific publication. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281659. [PMID: 36888577 PMCID: PMC9994746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Preprints, versions of scientific manuscripts that precede peer review, are growing in popularity. They offer an opportunity to democratize and accelerate research, as they have no publication costs or a lengthy peer review process. Preprints are often later published in peer-reviewed venues, but these publications and the original preprints are frequently not linked in any way. To this end, we developed a tool, PreprintMatch, to find matches between preprints and their corresponding published papers, if they exist. This tool outperforms existing techniques to match preprints and papers, both on matching performance and speed. PreprintMatch was applied to search for matches between preprints (from bioRxiv and medRxiv), and PubMed. The preliminary nature of preprints offers a unique perspective into scientific projects at a relatively early stage, and with better matching between preprint and paper, we explored questions related to research inequity. We found that preprints from low income countries are published as peer-reviewed papers at a lower rate than high income countries (39.6% and 61.1%, respectively), and our data is consistent with previous work that cite a lack of resources, lack of stability, and policy choices to explain this discrepancy. Preprints from low income countries were also found to be published quicker (178 vs 203 days) and with less title, abstract, and author similarity to the published version compared to high income countries. Low income countries add more authors from the preprint to the published version than high income countries (0.42 authors vs 0.32, respectively), a practice that is significantly more frequent in China compared to similar countries. Finally, we find that some publishers publish work with authors from lower income countries more frequently than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Eckmann
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Anita Bandrowski
- Department of Neuroscience, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
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Khelifa R, Mahdjoub H, Baaloudj A, Chaib S. Language of citation and publishing performance of graduate students in French-speaking countries with different economic and linguistic advantages. Facets (Ott) 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2021-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance of graduate students in research varies greatly across countries due to various factors, mainly socioeconomic and linguistic. The current situation is critical because the wealthiest countries are also the most linguistically equipped to navigate the English-dominant landscape of academia. Here, we assess the language of citations and the publishing performance of graduate students from three French-speaking countries: Algeria, Canada, and France, where Algeria is the least English proficient and the most economically disadvantaged. We found that the bibliography of PhD theses were English dominated in all regions (72.5% in Algeria compared with >93.1% in Western countries), whereas those of Masters theses were French dominated in Algeria (63.3%), relatively bilingual in France (47.6% French), but English dominated in Canada-Québec (94.7%) and Canada-BC (98.7%). Algerian PhD students produced fewer papers, were less likely to publish in journals with calculated impact factors, and received fewer citations than students who graduated from universities in France or in two Canadian provinces, British Columbia and Québec. Our results suggest that the economic and linguistic disadvantages faced by graduate students from non-Western backgrounds affect their academic performance, highlighting important issues in facing future global challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rassim Khelifa
- Zoology Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Hayat Mahdjoub
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Affef Baaloudj
- Laboratory LBEE: Biology, Water and Environment, Faculty SNV-STU, University 8 May 1945 Guelma, Guelma, Algeria
| | - Sara Chaib
- Laboratory LBEE: Biology, Water and Environment, Faculty SNV-STU, University 8 May 1945 Guelma, Guelma, Algeria
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Khelifa R, Amano T, Nuñez MA. A solution for breaking the language barrier. Trends Ecol Evol 2021; 37:109-112. [PMID: 34848107 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Global problems require global scientific solutions, but the dominance of the English language creates a large barrier for many non-English-proficient researchers to make their findings and knowledge accessible globally. Here, we propose integrating peer-language proofing and translation systems in preprint platforms as a solution for promoting equity, diversity, and inclusion in science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rassim Khelifa
- Zoology Department and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Institute for Resources, Environment & Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Tatsuya Amano
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Martin A Nuñez
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA; Grupo de Ecología de Invasiones, INIBIOMA, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, San Carlos de Bariloche, CP 8400, Argentina
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Momtazmanesh S, Saghazadeh A, Becerra JCA, Aramesh K, Barba FJ, Bella F, Blakney A, Capaccioli M, Castagna R, Crisanti U, Davtyan T, Dorigo T, Ealy J, Farokhnia M, Grancini G, Gupta M, Harbi A, Krysztofiak W, Kulasinghe A, Lam CM, Leemans A, Lighthill B, Limongelli V, Lopreiato P, Luongo L, Maboloc CR, Malekzadeh R, Gomes OC, Milosevic M, Nouwen J, Ortega-Sánchez D, Pawelek J, Pramanik S, Ramakrishna S, Renn O, Sanseviero S, Sauter D, Schreiber M, Sellke FW, Shahbazi MA, Shelkovaya N, Slater WH, Snoeck D, Sztajer S, Uddin LQ, Veramendi-Espinoza L, Vinuesa R, Willett WC, Wu D, Żyniewicz K, Rezaei N. International Scientific Collaboration Is Needed to Bridge Science to Society: USERN2020 Consensus Statement. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 3:1699-1703. [PMID: 33997623 PMCID: PMC8111052 DOI: 10.1007/s42399-021-00896-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Scientific collaboration has been a critical aspect of the development of all fields of science, particularly clinical medicine. It is well understood that myriads of benefits can be yielded by interdisciplinary and international collaboration. For instance, our rapidly growing knowledge on COVID-19 and vaccine development could not be attained without expanded collaborative activities. However, achieving fruitful results requires mastering specific tactics in collaborative efforts. These activities can enhance our knowledge, which ultimately benefits society. In addition to tackling the issue of the invisible border between different countries, institutes, and disciplines, the border between the scientific community and society needs to be addressed as well. International and transdisciplinary approaches can potentially be the best solution for bridging science and society. The Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) is a non-governmental, non-profit organization and network to promote professional, scientific research and education worldwide. The fifth annual congress of USERN was held in Tehran, Iran, in a hybrid manner on November 7–10, 2020, with key aims of bridging science to society and facilitating borderless science. Among speakers of the congress, a group of top scientists unanimously agreed on The USERN 2020 consensus, which is drafted with the goal of connecting society with scientific scholars and facilitating international and interdisciplinary scientific activities in all fields, including clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Momtazmanesh
- http://usern.org
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amene Saghazadeh
- http://usern.org
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Juan Carlos Aldave Becerra
- http://usern.org
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins Lima, Lima, Peru
| | - Kiarash Aramesh
- http://usern.org
- Department of Biology and Health Sciences, College of Science and Health Professions, Edinboro University of Pennsylvania, Edinboro, USA
| | - Francisco J Barba
- http://usern.org
- Nutrition and Food Science Area, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés, S/n, València 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Federico Bella
- http://usern.org
- Department of Applied Science and Technology - DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Anna Blakney
- http://usern.org
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG UK
| | - Massimo Capaccioli
- http://usern.org
- Physics Department "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples Federico II Monte Sant'Angelo Campus, via Cinthia 21, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Rossella Castagna
- http://usern.org
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Barcelona, 08028 Spain
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis (LIOS), Riga, LV-1006 Latvia
| | - Umberto Crisanti
- http://usern.org
- Psychotherapist in Private Practice, Canterbury, Kent England
| | - Tigran Davtyan
- http://usern.org
- Analytical Laboratory Branch, Scientific Centre of Drug and Medical Technology Expertise after Academician E. Gabrielyan CJSC, Yerevan, 0051 Armenia
| | | | - Julie Ealy
- http://usern.org
- Penn State Lehigh Valley, 2809 Saucon Valley Road, Center Valley, PA 18034 USA
| | - Mehdi Farokhnia
- http://usern.org
- National Health Institutes of Health (NIH) Intramural Research Program (IRP), Bethesda, USA
| | - Giulia Grancini
- http://usern.org
- Department of Chemistry & INSTM, University of Pavia , Via Taramelli 14, Pavia, I-27100 Italy
| | - Manoj Gupta
- http://usern.org
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amine Harbi
- http://usern.org
- Souk Ahras University, Souk Ahras, Algeria
| | - Wojciech Krysztofiak
- http://usern.org
- The Institute of Philosophy, University of Szczecin, Ul. Krakowska 71-79, Szczecin, 71-004 Poland
| | - Arutha Kulasinghe
- http://usern.org
- Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD Australia
| | - Chi-Ming Lam
- http://usern.org
- Department of International Education, Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alexander Leemans
- http://usern.org
- Department of International Education, Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Vittorio Limongelli
- http://usern.org
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI) Euler Institute, via G. Buffi 13, CH-6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Reza Malekzadeh
- http://usern.org
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Orlando Costa Gomes
- http://usern.org
- Lisbon Accounting and Business School, Instituto Superior de Contabilidade e Administração de Lisboa (ISCAL/IPL), Av. Miguel Bombarda 20, Lisbon, 1069-035 Portugal
| | - Milos Milosevic
- http://usern.org
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Management, Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jan Nouwen
- http://usern.org
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Delfín Ortega-Sánchez
- http://usern.org
- Department of Specific Didactics Faculty of Education, University of Burgos, Burgos, 09001 Spain
| | - John Pawelek
- http://usern.org
- Department of Dermatology and The Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Surapati Pramanik
- http://usern.org
- Mathematics, Nandalal Ghosh B.T. College, Kolkata, West Bengal India
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- http://usern.org
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ortwin Renn
- http://usern.org
- Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS), Berliner Str. 130, Potsdam, 14467 Germany
| | | | - Daniel Sauter
- http://usern.org
- Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
| | - Michael Schreiber
- http://usern.org
- Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, 09107 Germany
| | - Frank W Sellke
- http://usern.org
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Department of Surgery The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903 USA
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- http://usern.org
- Drug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Natalya Shelkovaya
- http://usern.org
- Department of Philosophy Cultural Studies and Information Activity, Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University, Severodonetsk, Ukraine
| | - Wayne H Slater
- http://usern.org
- University of Maryland, College Park, MD USA
| | - Didier Snoeck
- http://usern.org
- Department of Structural Engineering and Building Materials Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Magnel-Vandepitte Laboratory for Structural Engineering and Building Materials, Ghent University, Tech Lane Ghent Science Park, Campus A, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 60, B- 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Slawomir Sztajer
- http://usern.org
- Department of Religious and Comparative Studies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Lucina Q Uddin
- http://usern.org
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, PO Box 248185-0751, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA
| | - Liz Veramendi-Espinoza
- http://usern.org
- Allergy and Immunology Division, Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru
| | - Ricardo Vinuesa
- http://usern.org
- SimEx/FLOW, Engineering Mechanics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44 Sweden
| | - Walter C Willett
- http://usern.org
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Dongrui Wu
- http://usern.org
- School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Karolina Żyniewicz
- http://usern.org
- Artes Liberales Faculty, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nima Rezaei
- http://usern.org
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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