Huang SM, Kuo ST, Kuo HC, Chang SK. Assessment of fish iridoviruses using a novel cell line GS-1, derived from the spleen of orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton) and susceptible to ranavirus and megalocytivirus.
J Vet Med Sci 2018;
80:1766-1774. [PMID:
30224575 PMCID:
PMC6261816 DOI:
10.1292/jvms.18-0078]
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Abstract
A new cell line (GS-1) was developed from the spleen tissue of the orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides applied for viral infection studies of fish ranavirus and
megalocytivirus. The cells proficiently multiplied in Leibovitz’s L-15 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum at temperatures between 20°C and 32°C. Morphologically, the cell line
comprised fibroblast-like cells, and this was confirmed by immunostaining with vimentin, fibronectin, and desmin antibodies. The optimal temperature for grouper iridovirus (GIV) and
infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) proliferation in GS-1 cells was 25°C, and the highest titer of GIV was 108.4 TCID50/ml, and the
highest titer of ISKNV was 105.2 TCID50/ml. Electron micrographs showed that the mean diameter of GIV virions was 180−220 nm, which was larger than
ISKNV virions (160−200 nm). Negatively stained GIV particles possessed an envelope structure that was assembled by the three-layered structure with an inner electron-dense core surrounded by
a lighter coat (mean diameter, 27 ± 3 nm). The highest GIV-induced mortality of groupers occurred at 25°C, whereas the highest ISKNV-induced mortality occurred at 30°C. In summary, GS-1 cell
line is a valuable tool for isolating and investigating fish ranavirus and megalocytivirus in the same host system.
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