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Kumar Nelson V, Jha NK, Nuli MV, Gupta S, Kanna S, Gahtani RM, Hani U, Singh AK, Abomughaid MM, Abomughayedh AM, Almutary AG, Iqbal D, Al Othaim A, Begum SS, Ahmad F, Mishra PC, Jha SK, Ojha S. Unveiling the impact of aging on BBB and Alzheimer's disease: Factors and therapeutic implications. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102224. [PMID: 38346505 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a highly prevalent neurodegenerative condition that has devastating effects on individuals, often resulting in dementia. AD is primarily defined by the presence of extracellular plaques containing insoluble β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein (P-tau). In addition, individuals afflicted by these age-related illnesses experience a diminished state of health, which places significant financial strain on their loved ones. Several risk factors play a significant role in the development of AD. These factors include genetics, diet, smoking, certain diseases (such as cerebrovascular diseases, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia), age, and alcohol consumption. Age-related factors are key contributors to the development of vascular-based neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. In general, the process of aging can lead to changes in the immune system's responses and can also initiate inflammation in the brain. The chronic inflammation and the inflammatory mediators found in the brain play a crucial role in the dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Furthermore, maintaining BBB integrity is of utmost importance in preventing a wide range of neurological disorders. Therefore, in this review, we discussed the role of age and its related factors in the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and the development of AD. We also discussed the importance of different compounds, such as those with anti-aging properties, and other compounds that can help maintain the integrity of the blood-brain barrier in the prevention of AD. This review builds a strong correlation between age-related factors, degradation of the BBB, and its impact on AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar Nelson
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India.
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India; School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.
| | - Mohana Vamsi Nuli
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep Kanna
- Department of pharmaceutics, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chalapathi Nagar, Guntur 522034, India
| | - Reem M Gahtani
- Departement of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arun Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mosleh Mohammad Abomughaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M Abomughayedh
- Pharmacy Department, Aseer Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed G Almutary
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 59911, United Arab Emirates
| | - Danish Iqbal
- Department of Health Information Management, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah 51418, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayoub Al Othaim
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - S Sabarunisha Begum
- Department of Biotechnology, P.S.R. Engineering College, Sivakasi 626140, India
| | - Fuzail Ahmad
- Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Sciences, Almaarefa University, Diriya, Riyadh, 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prabhu Chandra Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Zoology, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, 110008, India.
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Yu L, Li Y, Song S, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wang H, Yang Z, Wang Y. The dual role of sirtuins in cancer: biological functions and implications. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1384928. [PMID: 38947884 PMCID: PMC11211395 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1384928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are pivotal in orchestrating numerous cellular pathways, critically influencing cell metabolism, DNA repair, aging processes, and oxidative stress. In recent years, the involvement of sirtuins in tumor biology has garnered substantial attention, with a growing body of evidence underscoring their regulatory roles in various aberrant cellular processes within tumor environments. This article delves into the sirtuin family and its biological functions, shedding light on their dual roles-either as promoters or inhibitors-in various cancers including oral, breast, hepatocellular, lung, and gastric cancers. It further explores potential anti-tumor agents targeting sirtuins, unraveling the complex interplay between sirtuins, miRNAs, and chemotherapeutic drugs. The dual roles of sirtuins in cancer biology reflect the complexity of targeting these enzymes but also highlight the immense therapeutic potential. These advancements hold significant promise for enhancing clinical outcomes, marking a pivotal step forward in the ongoing battle against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yu
- Department of Respiratory, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanjiao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Qionglai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Song
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yalin Zhang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Center of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Center of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiping Wang
- Center of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hailian Wang
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science, Nanning, China
| | - Zhengteng Yang
- Department of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Center of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science, Nanning, China
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Kirchweger B, Zwirchmayr J, Grienke U, Rollinger JM. The role of Caenorhabditis elegans in the discovery of natural products for healthy aging. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:1849-1873. [PMID: 37585263 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00021d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2012 to 2023The human population is aging. Thus, the greatest risk factor for numerous diseases, such as diabetes, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, is increasing worldwide. Age-related diseases do not typically occur in isolation, but as a result of multi-factorial causes, which in turn require holistic approaches to identify and decipher the mode of action of potential remedies. With the advent of C. elegans as the primary model organism for aging, researchers now have a powerful in vivo tool for identifying and studying agents that effect lifespan and health span. Natural products have been focal research subjects in this respect. This review article covers key developments of the last decade (2012-2023) that have led to the discovery of natural products with healthy aging properties in C. elegans. We (i) discuss the state of knowledge on the effects of natural products on worm aging including methods, assays and involved pathways; (ii) analyze the literature on natural compounds in terms of their molecular properties and the translatability of effects on mammals; (iii) examine the literature on multi-component mixtures with special attention to the studied organisms, extraction methods and efforts regarding the characterization of their chemical composition and their bioactive components. (iv) We further propose to combine small in vivo model organisms such as C. elegans and sophisticated analytical approaches ("wormomics") to guide the way to dissect complex natural products with anti-aging properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Kirchweger
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Julia Zwirchmayr
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ulrike Grienke
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Judith M Rollinger
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Gunaydin-Akyildiz A, Yanikoglu RS, Gulec M, Alim-Toraman GO, Kuran ED, Atasoy S, Olgun A, Topcu G. Emodin and aloe-emodin, two potential molecules in regulating cell migration of skin cells through the MAP kinase pathway and affecting Caenorhabditis elegans thermotolerance. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:23. [PMID: 37491200 PMCID: PMC10367395 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-023-00486-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emodin and aloe-emodin are two anthraquinones having positive effects in wound healing. However, their mechanism of action of wound healing is not fully understood. The MAP kinase family, which plays an active role in wound healing, is a well-characterized large family of serine/threonine kinases and regulates processes such as proliferation, oncogenesis, differentiation, and inflammation in the cell. The aim of this study is to comparatively elucidate the mechanisms of action of emodin and aloe-emodin, which are potential agents in wound healing. METHODS The mechanism of the effects of emodin and aloe-emodin on cell viability and cell migration was examined using the human skin fibroblast (CCD-1079Sk) cell line. The gene expression levels of the MAP kinases (JNK, P38, ERK) in the skin fibroblast cells along with a molecular docking study analyzing their interaction potential were evaluated. Furthermore, the molecules' effects on the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans were studied. RESULTS Emodin and aloe-emodin inhibited the ATP content of the cells in a concentration dependent manner and accelerated cell migration at the lower concentrations while inhibiting cell migration in the higher concentration treatment groups. The expressions of JNK and P38 were upregulated at the low concentrations and downregulated at the higher concentrations. The molecular docking studies of the molecules gave high docking scores indicating their interaction potential with JNK and P38. C. elegans lifespan under heat stress was observed longer after 75 µM emodin and was significantly reduced after 150 µM aloe-emodin treatment. CONCLUSION Aloe-emodin was found to be more potent on cell viability, cell migration, gene expression levels of the MAP kinases in healthy fibroblastic skin cells, and on the lifespan of C. elegans. This study reveals the functional effects and the biological factors that interact in the wound healing process of emodin and aloe-emodin, and give a possible treatment alternative to shorten the duration of wound care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysenur Gunaydin-Akyildiz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, 34093, Turkey.
| | - Rabia Sare Yanikoglu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, 34093, Turkey
| | - Meltem Gulec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34010, Turkey
| | | | - Ebru Didem Kuran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, 34093, Turkey
| | - Sezen Atasoy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, 34093, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Olgun
- Faculty of Medicine, İstinye University, Istanbul, 34010, Turkey
| | - Gulacti Topcu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, 34093, Turkey
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Jattujan P, Srisirirung S, Watcharaporn W, Chumphoochai K, Kraokaew P, Sanguanphun T, Prasertsuksri P, Thongdechsri S, Sobhon P, Meemon K. 2-Butoxytetrahydrofuran and Palmitic Acid from Holothuria scabra Enhance C. elegans Lifespan and Healthspan via DAF-16/FOXO and SKN-1/NRF2 Signaling Pathways. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1374. [PMID: 36355546 PMCID: PMC9699485 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracts from a sea cucumber, Holothuria scabra, have been shown to exhibit various pharmacological properties including anti-oxidation, anti-aging, anti-cancer, and anti-neurodegeneration. Furthermore, certain purified compounds from H. scabra displayed neuroprotective effects against Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Therefore, in the present study, we further examined the anti-aging activity of purified H. scabra compounds in a Caenorhabditis elegans model. Five compounds were isolated from ethyl acetate and butanol fractions of the body wall of H. scabra and characterized as diterpene glycosides (holothuria A and B), palmitic acid, bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and 2-butoxytetrahydrofuran (2-BTHF). Longevity assays revealed that 2-BTHF and palmitic acid could significantly extend lifespan of wild type C. elegans. Moreover, 2-BTHF and palmitic acid were able to enhance resistance to paraquat-induced oxidative stress and thermal stress. By testing the compounds' effects on longevity pathways, it was shown that 2-BTHF and palmitic acid could not extend lifespans of daf-16, age-1, sir-2.1, jnk-1, and skn-1 mutant worms, indicating that these compounds exerted their actions through these genes in extending the lifespan of C. elegans. These compounds induced DAF-16::GFP nuclear translocation and upregulated the expressions of daf-16, hsp-16.2, sod-3 mRNA and SOD-3::GFP. Moreover, they also elevated protein and mRNA expressions of GST-4, which is a downstream target of the SKN-1 transcription factor. Taken together, the study demonstrated the anti-aging activities of 2-BTHF and palmitic acid from H. scabra were mediated via DAF-16/FOXO insulin/IGF and SKN-1/NRF2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prapaporn Jattujan
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Rangsit Campus, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sirin Srisirirung
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Rangsit Campus, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Warisra Watcharaporn
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Rangsit Campus, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Kawita Chumphoochai
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pichnaree Kraokaew
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Tanatcha Sanguanphun
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Salinthip Thongdechsri
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Prasert Sobhon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Krai Meemon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Sharifi-Rad J, Herrera-Bravo J, Kamiloglu S, Petroni K, Mishra AP, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Sureda A, Martorell M, Aidarbekovna DS, Yessimsiitova Z, Ydyrys A, Hano C, Calina D, Cho WC. Recent advances in the therapeutic potential of emodin for human health. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113555. [PMID: 36027610 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone) is a bioactive compound, a natural anthraquinone aglycone, present mainly in herbaceous species of the families Fabaceae, Polygonaceae and Rhamnaceae, with a physiological role in protection against abiotic stress in vegetative tissues. Emodin is mainly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat sore throats, carbuncles, sores, blood stasis, and damp-heat jaundice. Pharmacological research in the last decade has revealed other potential therapeutic applications such as anticancer, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. The present study aimed to summarize recent studies on bioavailability, preclinical pharmacological effects with evidence of molecular mechanisms, clinical trials and clinical pitfalls, respectively the therapeutic limitations of emodin. For this purpose, extensive searches were performed using the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Google scholar, TRIP database, Springer link, Wiley and SciFinder databases as a search engines. The in vitro and in vivo studies included in this updated review highlighted the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of emodin. Because its bioavailability is low, there are limitations in clinical therapeutic use. In conclusion, for an increase in pharmacotherapeutic efficacy, future studies with carrier molecules to the target, thus opening up new therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesús Herrera-Bravo
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Chile; Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Senem Kamiloglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Gorukle, Bursa, Turkey; Science and Technology Application and Research Center (BITUAM), Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Gorukle, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Katia Petroni
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Abhay Prakash Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H.N.B. Garhwal (A Central) University, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand 246174, India.
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University Research Institute of Health and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University Research Institute of Health and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Chile; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, 4070386 Concepción, Chile.
| | - Dossymbetova Symbat Aidarbekovna
- Almaty Tecnological University, Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Almaty 050012, str. Tole bi 100, Str. Torekulova 71, Kazakhstan.
| | - Zura Yessimsiitova
- Department of Biodiversity and Bioresource, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi av. 71, 050040 Almaty, Kazakhstan.
| | - Alibek Ydyrys
- Biomedical Research Centre, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi av. 71, 050040 Almaty, Kazakhstan.
| | - Christophe Hano
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Orleans, Eure et Loir Campus, 28000 Chartres, France.
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Somuah-Asante S, Sakamoto K. Stress Buffering and Longevity Effects of Amber Extract on Caenorhabditis elegans ( C. elegans). MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123858. [PMID: 35744983 PMCID: PMC9228897 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Amber is a fossilized tree resin historically used in wound healing and stress relief. Unfortunately, there is no concrete scientific evidence supporting such efficacy. Here, the stress buffering and longevity effect of Amber extract (AE) in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) was investigated. Survival assays, health span assays, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), Stress biomarker detection assays, Green Fluorescence Proteins (GFP), Real Time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and C. elegans mutants were employed to investigate the stress buffering and longevity effect of AE. In the study, it was observed that AE supplementation improved health span and survival in both normal and stressed worms. Additionally, AE positively regulated stress hormones (cortisol, oxytocin, and dopamine) and decreased fat and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Through the Insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway, AE enhanced the nuclear localization of DAF-16 and the expression of heat shock proteins and antioxidant genes in GFP-tagged worms and at messenger RNA levels. Finally, AE failed to increase the survival of daf-16, daf-2, skn-1 and hsf-1 loss-of-function mutants, confirming the involvement of the IIS pathway. Evidently, AE supplementation relieves stress and enhances longevity. Thus, amber may be a potent nutraceutical for stress relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Somuah-Asante
- Tsukuba Life Science Innovation Program (T-LSI), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan;
| | - Kazuichi Sakamoto
- Tsukuba Life Science Innovation Program (T-LSI), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan;
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-29-853-4676
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Li HM, Liu X, Meng ZY, Wang L, Zhao LM, Chen H, Wang ZX, Cui H, Tang XQ, Li XH, Han WN, Bai X, Lin Y, Liu H, Zhang Y, Yang BF. Kanglexin delays heart aging by promoting mitophagy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:613-623. [PMID: 34035486 PMCID: PMC8888756 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00686-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart aging is characterized by structural and diastolic dysfunction of the heart. However, there is still no effective drug to prevent and treat the abnormal changes in cardiac function caused by aging. Here, we present the preventive effects of emodin and its derivative Kanglexin (KLX) against heart aging. We found that the diastolic dysfunction and cardiac remodeling in mice with D-galactose (D-gal)-induced aging were markedly mitigated by KLX and emodin. In addition, the senescence of neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes induced by D-gal was also reversed by KLX and emodin treatment. However, KLX exhibited better anti-heart aging effects than emodin at the same dose. Dysregulated mitophagy was observed in aging hearts and in senescent neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes, and KLX produced a greater increase in mitophagy than emodin. The mitophagy-promoting effects of KLX and emodin were ascribed to their abilities to enhance the protein stability of Parkin, a key modulator in mitophagy, with different potencies. Molecular docking and SPR analysis demonstrated that KLX has a higher affinity for the ubiquitin-like (UBL) domain of Parkin than emodin. The UBL domain might contribute to the stabilizing effects of KLX on Parkin. In conclusion, this study identifies KLX and emodin as effective anti-heart aging drugs that activate Parkin-mediated mitophagy and outlines their putative therapeutic importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-min Li
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China
| | - Xin Liu
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China
| | - Zi-yu Meng
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China
| | - Lei Wang
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China
| | - Li-min Zhao
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China
| | - Hui Chen
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China
| | - Zhi-xia Wang
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China
| | - Hao Cui
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China
| | - Xue-qing Tang
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China
| | - Xiao-han Li
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China
| | - Wei-na Han
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China
| | - Xue Bai
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China
| | - Yuan Lin
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China
| | - Heng Liu
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China. .,Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China. .,Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Bao-feng Yang
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China ,Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086 China ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Melbourne School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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9
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Selyutina OY, Kononova PA, Koshman VE, Shelepova EA, Azad MG, Afroz R, Dharmasivam M, Bernhardt PV, Polyakov NE, Richardson DR. Ascorbate-and iron-driven redox activity of Dp44mT and emodin facilitates peroxidation of micelles and bicelles. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1866:130078. [PMID: 34974127 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.130078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron (Fe)-induced oxidative stress leads to reactive oxygen species that damage biomembranes, with this mechanism being involved in the activity of some anti-cancer chemotherapeutics. METHODS Herein, we compared the effect of Fe complexes of the ligand, di-2-pyridylketone 4,4-dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (Dp44mT), or the potential ligand, Emodin, on lipid peroxidation in cell membrane models (micelles and bicelles). These studies were performed in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the absence or presence of ascorbate. RESULTS In the absence of ascorbate, Fe(II)/Emodin mixtures incubated with H2O2 demonstrated slight pro-oxidant properties on micelles versus Fe(II) alone, while the Fe(III)-Dp44mT complex exhibited marked antioxidant properties. Examining more physiologically relevant phospholipid-containing bicelles, the Fe(II)- and Fe(III)-Dp44mT complexes demonstrated antioxidant activity without ascorbate. Upon adding ascorbate, there was a significant increase in the peroxidation of micelles and bicelles in the presence of unchelated Fe(II) and H2O2. The addition of ascorbate to Fe(III)-Dp44mT substantially increased the peroxidation of micelles and bicelles, with the Fe(III)-Dp44mT complex being reduced by ascorbate to the Fe(II) state, explaining the increased reactivity. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrated ascorbyl radical anion generation after mixing ascorbate and Emodin, with signal intensity being enhanced by H2O2. This finding suggested Emodin semiquinone radical formation that could play a role in its reactivity via ascorbate-driven redox cycling. Examining cultured melanoma cells in vitro, ascorbate at pharmacological levels enhanced the anti-proliferative activity of Dp44mT and Emodin. CONCLUSIONS AND GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Ascorbate-driven redox cycling of Dp44mT and Emodin promotes their anti-proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Yu Selyutina
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya St., 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Kutateladze St., 18, 630128 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - P A Kononova
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya St., 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - V E Koshman
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya St., 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - E A Shelepova
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya St., 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - M Gholam Azad
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - R Afroz
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - M Dharmasivam
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - P V Bernhardt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - N E Polyakov
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya St., 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Kutateladze St., 18, 630128 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - D R Richardson
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia; Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
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10
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Sharma R. Bioactive food components for managing cellular senescence in aging and disease: A critical appraisal and perspectives. PHARMANUTRITION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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11
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Semwal RB, Semwal DK, Combrinck S, Viljoen A. Emodin - A natural anthraquinone derivative with diverse pharmacological activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 190:112854. [PMID: 34311280 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl-anthraquinone) is a natural anthraquinone derivative that is present in numerous globally renowned herbal medicines. It is recognised as a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor and as an anticancer drug, active against various tumour cells, including lung, breast, liver, and ovarian cancer cells. Recently, its role in combination chemotherapy with various allopathic medicines, to minimize their toxicity and to enhance their efficacy, has been studied. The use of emodin in these therapies is gaining popularity, due to fewer associated side effects compared with standard anticancer drugs. Emodin has a broad therapeutic window, and in addition to its antineoplastic activity, it displays anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, muscle relaxant, immunosuppressive and antifibrotic activities, in both in vitro and in vivo models. Although reviews on the anticancer activity of emodin have been published, none coherently unite all the pharmacological properties of emodin, particularly the anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, immunosuppressive and hepatoprotective activities of the compound. Hence, in this review, all of the available data regarding the pharmacological properties of emodin are explored, with particular emphasis on the modes of action of the molecule. In addition, the manuscript details the occurrence, biosynthesis and chemical synthesis of the compound, as well as its toxic effects on biotic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Badoni Semwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, Pt. Lalit Mohan Sharma Govt. Post Graduate College, Rishikesh, 249201, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Semwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; Department of Phytochemistry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Harrawala, Dehradun, 248001, India
| | - Sandra Combrinck
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Alvaro Viljoen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; SAMRC Herbal Drugs Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
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12
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Sun ML, Chen XY, Cao JJ, Cui XH, Wang HB. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb extract extended the lifespan and healthspan of Caenorhabditis elegans via DAF-16/SIR-2.1/SKN-1. Food Funct 2021; 12:8774-8786. [PMID: 34374387 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01908b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polygonum multiflorum Thunb (PMT), as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of aging-related diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis and inflammation. However, the effect of PMT on the lifespan and its molecular mechanisms are still unclear. Here we found that 60% ethanol refined fraction (PMT-E) of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb at 50 μg mL-1, which contained two main bioactive compounds, 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG) and emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside (EG), could significantly increase the mean lifespan by 19.82%, delay the age-related decline of phenotypes, enhance stress resistance and reduce ROS accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans. Moreover, we also found that the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ) and ATP content of worms treated with 50 μg mL-1 PMT-E were obviously improved. Further mechanistic studies revealed that DAF-16, SIR-2.1 and SKN-1 transcription factors were required for PMT-E-mediated lifespan extension. Finally, we found that PMT-E could significantly inhibit the toxicity induced by β-amyloid (Aβ) in Aβ transgenic worms. Altogether, these findings laid the foundation for the use of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb to treat aging and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Lu Sun
- Putuo People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xin-Yan Chen
- Putuo People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Jin-Jin Cao
- Putuo People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xiang-Huan Cui
- Putuo People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Hong-Bing Wang
- Putuo People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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13
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Liu X, Liu H, Chen Z, Xiao J, Cao Y. DAF-16 acts as the "hub" of astaxanthin's anti-aging mechanism to improve aging-related physiological functions in Caenorhabditis elegans. Food Funct 2021; 12:9098-9110. [PMID: 34397058 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01069g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Astaxanthin (AX) is a xanthophyll carotenoid that can effectively inhibit the production of peroxides and thereby protect the body from oxidative damage. In recent years, AX had been shown to have anti-aging properties, both in vivo and in vitro. However, the underlying mechanisms by which AX regulates senescence related proteins and signaling pathways remain unclear. Therefore, we used Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model binding proteomics to reveal AX anti-aging activity and its molecular mechanism. Our results suggest that AX promotes the health and lifespan of C. elegans by improving mobility, reducing the accumulation of age pigments, and increasing resistance to heat stress. In terms of the underlying mechanism, AX helps prolong the life of worms by regulating AGE-1 in the insulin signaling pathway, promoting the transport of DAF-16 into the nucleus and then up-regulating the expression level of DAF-16's downstream proteins (such as superoxide dismutase [Mn] 2 (SOD-3), heat shock proteins (HSPs), glutathione s-transferase (GST-4), etc.). Furthermore, AX may be a relevant response target for activation of dietary restriction pathways in vivo as a dietary restriction mimic. Meanwhile, proteomics data confirmed that there were 15 proteins enriched in the longevity regulation pathway. AX mainly regulates oxidative stress and the aging process by modulating the insulin signaling pathway around DAF-16 as the "hub". In addition to the insulin signaling pathway, other pathways including dietary restriction, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and mammal target of rapamycin (mTOR) are also dependent on DAF-16. These findings expand and deepen our knowledge of the underlying mechanism by which AX extends the lifespan of C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. and Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Han Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. and Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhiqing Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. and Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. and Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. and Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
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14
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Munasinghe M, Almotayri A, Thomas J, Heydarian D, Jois M. Early Exposure is Necessary for the Lifespan Extension Effects of Cocoa in C. elegans. Nutr Metab Insights 2021; 14:11786388211029443. [PMID: 34290507 PMCID: PMC8278456 DOI: 10.1177/11786388211029443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously showed that cocoa, a rich source of polyphenols improved the age-associated health and extended the lifespan in C. elegans when supplemented starting from L1 stage. Aim In this study, we aimed to find out the effects of timing of cocoa exposure on longevity improving effects and the mechanisms and pathways involved in lifespan extension in C. elegans. Methods The standard E. coli OP50 diet of wild type C. elegans was supplemented with cocoa powder starting from different larval stages (L1, L2, L3, and L4) till the death, from L1 to adult day 1 and from adult day 1 till the death. For mechanistic studies, different mutant strains of C. elegans were supplemented with cocoa starting from L1 stage till the death. Survival curves were plotted, and mean lifespan was reported. Results Cocoa exposure starting from L1 stage till the death and till adult day 1 significantly extended the lifespan of worms. However, cocoa supplementation at other larval stages as well as at adulthood could not extend the lifespan, instead the lifespan was significantly reduced. Cocoa could not extend the lifespan of daf-16, daf-2, sir-2.1, and clk-1 mutants. Conclusion Early-start supplementation is essential for cocoa-mediated lifespan extension which is dependent on insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway and mitochondrial respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihiri Munasinghe
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Abdullah Almotayri
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Jency Thomas
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Deniz Heydarian
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Markandeya Jois
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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15
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Zhang W, Zheng B, Deng N, Wang H, Li T, Liu RH. Effects of ethyl acetate fractional extract from Portulaca oleracea L. (PO-EA) on lifespan and healthspan in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Food Sci 2020; 85:4367-4376. [PMID: 33124727 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Portulaca oleracea L. (PO), with abundant natural bioactive phytochemicals, exhibits potential bioactivities and pharmacological activities. However, the mechanisms of action of PO on anti-aging effect remain unclear. In this study, the ethyl acetate fractional extract from PO (PO-EA) was obtained by fractionation of solvent extractions, and its effect on lifespan was assessed using the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Results showed that PO-EA could significantly increase the lifespan of C. elegans by 5.31, 12.67, and 16.47% at the doses of 250, 500, and 1,000 µg/mL, respectively. Moreover, PO-EA significantly promoted the mobility of C. elegans without obvious side effects such as changing body length or decreasing fecundity of the nematodes. Further study demonstrated that PO-EA could enhance the stress resistance in C. elegans via improving the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and diminishing the contents of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde. The gene expression of daf-12, daf-16, sod-3, skn-1, cat-1, mev-1, akt-1, and sek-1 were upregulated in C. elegans after administrated by PO-EA. This study indicated that PO-EA plays a vital role in extending lifespan and healthspan in C. elegans, and the underlying mechanism of action might be attributed to Insulin/IGF-1-like signaling pathways. Therefore, PO-EA could be served as a potential candidate for anti-aging functional food. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Portulaca oleracea L. (PO) is an edible vegetable that could be used as functional food to exert health benefits for humans such as neuroprotective, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-aging effects. Therefore, our findings would provide a strategy to promote the comprehensive utilization of ethyl acetate extract from PO with additional health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Bisheng Zheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.,Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, 510641, China.,Guangdong ERA Food & Life Health Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510670, China
| | - Na Deng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Rui Hai Liu
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
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16
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Ye Y, Gu Q, Sun X. Potential of Caenorhabditis elegans as an antiaging evaluation model for dietary phytochemicals: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:3084-3105. [PMID: 33337057 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable process characterized by the accumulation of degenerative damage, leading to serious diseases that affect human health. Studies on aging aim to develop pre-protection or therapies to delay aging and age-related diseases. A preventive approach is preferable to clinical treatment not only to reduce investment but also to alleviate pain in patients. Adjusting daily diet habits to improve the aging condition is a potentially attractive strategy. Fruits and vegetables containing active compounds that can effectively delay the aging process and reduce or inhibit age-related degenerative diseases have been identified. The signaling pathways related to aging in Caenorhabditis elegans are evolutionarily conserved; thus, studying antiaging components by intervening senescence process may contribute to the prevention and treatment of age-related diseases in humans. This review focuses on the effects of food-derived extracts or purified substance on antiaging in nematodes, as well as the underlying mechanisms, on the basis of several major signaling pathways and key regulatory factors in aging. The aim is to provide references for a healthy diet guidance and the development of antiaging nutritional supplements. Finally, challenges in the use of C. elegans as the antiaging evaluation model are discussed, together with the development that potentially inspire novel strategies and research tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Qingyin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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17
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Zhao J, Zhu A, Sun Y, Zhang W, Zhang T, Gao Y, Shan D, Wang S, Li G, Zeng K, Wang Q. Beneficial effects of sappanone A on lifespan and thermotolerance in Caenorhabditis elegans. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 888:173558. [PMID: 32941928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sappanone A (SA) is a homoisoflavonoid compound isolated from Caesalpinia sappan L. that selectively binds to inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2, a protein involved in aging. It is unknown if SA has an anti-aging effect and what is it mechanism. This study aimed to investigate the lifespan-extending and health-enhancing effects of SA, and the potential pharmacological mechanism in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). The worms were exposed to 0-50 μM SA. The effect on the lifespan was observed, and health status was evaluated by detecting motility, feeding, reproduction, thermotolerance, lipofuscin and ROS accumulation. To explore a possible mechanism, the transcription of the genes of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signalling pathway and heat stress response was detected by RT-qPCR. Moreover, subcellular distribution of green fluorescent protein-labeled DAF-16 was determined, and the interaction between SA and HSP-90 protein was simulated by molecular docking. We found that SA prolonged lifespan in C. elegans and enhanced motility and thermotolerance. The feeding and reproduction were not impacted. The ROS and lipofuscin accumulation was declined. Mechanistic study revealed that the gene expression levels of daf-16 and hsp-90 were up-regulated. Moreover, DAF-16 was translocated into the nucleus. SA was docked into the active pocket of HSP-90 in the simulation. SA (50 μM) can extend lifespan in C. elegans and decelerate aging by regulating the IIS pathway, and daf-16 is specifically important for the regulation of longevity. HSP-90 was involved in the enhancement of thermotolerance. Thus, SA may act as a promising candidate for the development of an anti-aging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - An Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Center of Preventive Medicine Research, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yadong Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Danping Shan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guojun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Center of Preventive Medicine Research, Beijing, 100013, China; School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Kewu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Compatibility Toxicology, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, China.
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18
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Friedman M, Tam CC, Cheng LW, Land KM. Anti-trichomonad activities of different compounds from foods, marine products, and medicinal plants: a review. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:271. [PMID: 32907567 PMCID: PMC7479404 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03061-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human trichomoniasis, caused by the pathogenic parasitic protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis, is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease that contributes to reproductive morbidity in affected women and possibly to prostate cancer in men. Tritrichomonas foetus strains cause the disease trichomoniasis in farm animals (cattle, bulls, pigs) and diarrhea in domestic animals (cats and dogs). Because some T. vaginalis strains have become resistant to the widely used drug metronidazole, there is a need to develop alternative treatments, based on safe natural products that have the potential to replace and/or enhance the activity of lower doses of metronidazole. To help meet this need, this overview collates and interprets worldwide reported studies on the efficacy of structurally different classes of food, marine, and medicinal plant extracts and some of their bioactive pure compounds against T. vaginalis and T. foetus in vitro and in infected mice and women. Active food extracts include potato peels and their glycoalkaloids α-chaconine and α-solanine, caffeic and chlorogenic acids, and quercetin; the tomato glycoalkaloid α-tomatine; theaflavin-rich black tea extracts and bioactive theaflavins; plant essential oils and their compounds (+)-α-bisabolol and eugenol; the grape skin compound resveratrol; the kidney bean lectin, marine extracts from algae, seaweeds, and fungi and compounds that are derived from fungi; medicinal extracts and about 30 isolated pure compounds. Also covered are the inactivation of drug-resistant T. vaginalis and T. foetus strains by sensitized light; anti-trichomonad effects in mice and women; beneficial effects of probiotics in women; and mechanisms that govern cell death. The summarized findings will hopefully stimulate additional research, including molecular-mechanism-guided inactivations and human clinical studies, that will help ameliorate adverse effects of pathogenic protozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mendel Friedman
- United States Department of Agriculture, Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, Albany, CA, 94710, USA.
| | - Christina C Tam
- United States Department of Agriculture, Foodborne Toxins Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, Albany, California, 94710, USA
| | - Luisa W Cheng
- United States Department of Agriculture, Foodborne Toxins Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, Albany, California, 94710, USA
| | - Kirkwood M Land
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, 95211, USA
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Martel J, Wu CY, Peng HH, Ko YF, Yang HC, Young JD, Ojcius DM. Plant and fungal products that extend lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2020; 7:255-269. [PMID: 33015140 PMCID: PMC7517010 DOI: 10.15698/mic2020.10.731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a useful model to study aging due to its short lifespan, ease of manipulation, and available genetic tools. Several molecules and extracts derived from plants and fungi extend the lifespan of C. elegans by modulating aging-related pathways that are conserved in more complex organisms. Modulation of aging pathways leads to activation of autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis and expression of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes in a manner similar to caloric restriction. Low and moderate concentrations of plant and fungal molecules usually extend lifespan, while high concentrations are detrimental, consistent with a lifespan-modulating mechanism involving hormesis. We review here molecules and extracts derived from plants and fungi that extend the lifespan of C. elegans, and explore the possibility that these natural substances may produce health benefits in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Martel
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yeu Wu
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsin Peng
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Laboratory Animal Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Fei Ko
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chi Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - John D. Young
- Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David M. Ojcius
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
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20
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Fang Z, Xiao B, Jiang W, Hao X, Tan J, Lu A, Li J, Wang W, Wang G, Zhang Y. The antioxidant capacity evaluation of polysaccharide hydrolyzates from pumpkin using Caenorhabditis elegans model. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13275. [PMID: 32515505 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study has optimized the acid hydrolysis process of pumpkin polysaccharides (PPe) with scavenging ability based on central composite design. The aim of this study was to explore the in vivo-antioxidant ability of PPe and pumpkin polysaccharides acid-hydrolysis (PPe-S) using Caenorhabditis elegans. In composition analysis, the constituents of total sugar, protein, uronic acid, and sulfur groups in PPe-S were 87.03 ± 1.21%, 1.25 ± 0.78%, 37.61 ± 0.97%, and 0.14 ± 0.04%, respectively. Besides, results of antioxidant ability showed that PPe and PPe-S could reduce the oxidative stress (OS) induced by methyl viologen, extend lifespan of worms, and reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) level under oxidative conditions significantly (p < .05). Furthermore, PPe and PPe-S could enhance the stress-resistance related antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly (p < .05). Moreover, the antioxidant effect of PPe-S was superior to PPe at the concentration of 4.0 mg/ml. In summary, this study demonstrated that the derived hydrolyzates from PPe had protective effects on the damage induced by the generation of intracellular free radical agents. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: OS plays an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes. It is widely acknowledged that diabetes and its complications pose a threat to human's health, and the number of people with diabetes will expand to 640 million in the 2040 year. Current studies have shown that all diabetes drugs have a kind of side effects. Fortunately, researchers have found and confirmed that plant-derived polysaccharide had a notable hypoglycemic effect via reducing the OS level in cell and tissue, and could decrease the diabetes symptoms as well. In this study, we proved that the polysaccharide derived from pumpkin could effectively ameliorate the OS level in C. elegans, including decreasing the damage of biofilm and ROS level. Therefore, our study shows that there is a high potential for pumpkin-derived polysaccharide and its hydrolyzates to be a bioactive component to prevent diabetes. In other words, this research can be applied to diabetes prevention and other diseases induced by OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Xiao
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Hao
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Tan
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Aoxue Lu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weimin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ge Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
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21
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Wang J, Deng N, Wang H, Li T, Chen L, Zheng B, Liu RH. Effects of Orange Extracts on Longevity, Healthspan, and Stress Resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020351. [PMID: 31952185 PMCID: PMC7024185 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Orange, with various bioactive phytochemicals, exerts various beneficial health effects, including anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its anti-aging effects remain unclear. In this study, the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model was used to evaluate the effects of orange extracts on lifespan and stress resistance. The results indicated that orange extracts dose-dependently increased the mean lifespan of C. elegans by 10.5%, 18.0%, and 26.2% at the concentrations of 100, 200, and 400 mg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, orange extracts promoted the healthspan by improving motility, and decreasing the accumulation of age pigment and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels without damaging fertility. The survival rates of orange extract-fed worms were obviously higher than those of untreated worms against thermal and ultraviolet-B (UV-B) stress. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly enhanced while malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were diminished. Further investigation revealed that worms supplemented with orange extracts resulted in upregulated levels of genes, including daf-16, sod-3, gst-4, sek-1, and skn-1, and the downregulation of age-1 expression. These findings revealed that orange extracts have potential anti-aging effects through extending the lifespan, enhancing stress resistance, and promoting the healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; (J.W.); (N.D.); (B.Z.)
| | - Na Deng
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; (J.W.); (N.D.); (B.Z.)
| | - Hong Wang
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; (J.W.); (N.D.); (B.Z.)
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch & Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (R.H.L.)
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Food Science, Stocking Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
| | - Ling Chen
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch & Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Bisheng Zheng
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; (J.W.); (N.D.); (B.Z.)
- Guangdong ERA Food & Life Health Research Institute, Guangzhou 510670, China
| | - Rui Hai Liu
- Department of Food Science, Stocking Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (R.H.L.)
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22
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Antiaging, Stress Resistance, and Neuroprotective Efficacies of Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala Fruit Extracts Using Caenorhabditis elegans Model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7024785. [PMID: 31871554 PMCID: PMC6906846 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7024785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Plant parts and their bioactive compounds are widely used by mankind for their health benefits. Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala is one berry fruit, native to Thailand, known to exhibit various health benefits in vitro. The present study was focused on analyzing the antiaging, stress resistance, and neuroprotective effects of C. nervosum in model system Caenorhabditis elegans using physiological assays, fluorescent imaging, and qPCR analysis. The results suggest that the fruit extract was able to significantly extend the median and maximum lifespan of the nematode. It could also extend the healthspan by reducing the accumulation of the “age pigment” lipofuscin, inside the nematode along with regulating the expression of col-19, egl-8, egl-30, dgk-1, and goa-1 genes. Further, the extracts upregulated the expression of daf-16 while downregulating the expression of daf-2 and age-1 in wild-type nematodes. Interestingly, it could extend the lifespan in DAF-16 mutants suggesting that the extension of lifespan and healthspan was dependent and independent of DAF-16-mediated pathway. The fruit extract was also observed to reduce the level of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) inside the nematode during oxidative stress. The qPCR analysis suggests the involvement of skn-1 and sir-2.1 in initiating stress resistance by activating the antioxidant mechanism. Additionally, the fruit could also elicit neuroprotection as it could extend the median and maximum lifespan of transgenic strain integrated with Aβ. SKN-1 could play a pivotal role in establishing the antiaging, stress resistance, and neuroprotective effect of C. nervosum. Overall, C. nervosum can be used as a nutraceutical in the food industry which could offer potential health benefits.
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23
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Martel J, Ojcius DM, Ko YF, Ke PY, Wu CY, Peng HH, Young JD. Hormetic Effects of Phytochemicals on Health and Longevity. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2019; 30:335-346. [PMID: 31060881 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Caloric restriction, intermittent fasting, and exercise activate defensive cellular responses such as autophagy, DNA repair, and the induction of antioxidant enzymes. These processes improve health and longevity by protecting cells and organs against damage, mutations, and reactive oxygen species. Consuming a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, and mushrooms can also improve health and longevity. Phytochemicals such as alkaloids, polyphenols, and terpenoids found in plants and fungi activate the same cellular processes as caloric restriction, fasting, and exercise. Many of the beneficial effects of fruits and vegetables may thus be due to activation of stress resistance pathways by phytochemicals. A better understanding of the mechanisms of action of phytochemicals may provide important insights to delay aging and prevent chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Martel
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - David M Ojcius
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yun-Fei Ko
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan; Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Ke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yeu Wu
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsin Peng
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Laboratory Animal Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - John D Young
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan; Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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24
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The Foodborne Strain Lactobacillus fermentum MBC2 Triggers pept-1-Dependent Pro-Longevity Effects in Caenorhabditis elegans. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7020045. [PMID: 30736484 PMCID: PMC6406943 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7020045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are involved in several food fermentations and many of them provide strain-specific health benefits. Herein, the probiotic potential of the foodborne strain Lactobacillus fermentum MBC2 was investigated through in vitro and in vivo approaches. Caenorhabditis elegans was used as an in vivo model to analyze pro-longevity and anti-aging effects. L. fermentum MBC2 showed a high gut colonization capability compared to E. coli OP50 (OP50) or L.rhamnosus GG (LGG). Moreover, analysis of pumping rate, lipofuscin accumulation, and body bending showed anti-aging effects in L. fermentum MBC2-fed worms. Studies on PEPT-1 mutants demonstrated that pept-1 gene was involved in the anti-aging processes mediated by this bacterial strain through DAF-16, whereas the oxidative stress protection was PEPT-1 independent. Moreover, analysis of acid tolerance, bile tolerance, and antibiotic susceptibility were evaluated. L. fermentum MBC2 exerted beneficial effects on nematode lifespan, influencing energy metabolism and oxidative stress resistance, resulted in being tolerant to acidic pH and able to adhere to Caco-2 cells. Overall, these findings provide new insight for application of this strain in the food industry as a newly isolated functional starter. Furthermore, these results will also shed light on C. elegans molecular players involved in host-microbe interactions.
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25
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Liu X, Zhang M, Liu H, Zhou A, Cao Y, Liu X. Preliminary characterization of the structure and immunostimulatory and anti-aging properties of the polysaccharide fraction ofHaematococcus pluvialis. RSC Adv 2018; 8:9243-9252. [PMID: 35541856 PMCID: PMC9078644 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11153c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a polysaccharide fraction (HPP-c3-s1) was obtained from Haematococcus pluvialis using DEAE-52 anion exchange and Sephacryl S400 chromatographies. The structure of HPP-c3-s1 was partially characterized and its biological activity was investigated. HPP-c3-s1 is a homogeneous polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 23 413 kDa as determined by high-performance gel permeation chromatography and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Periodate oxidation and Smith degradation analysis combined with GC-MS determined that HPP-c3-s1 contains 1 → 2, 1 → 3, 1 → 4, and probably a few 1 → 6 glycosyl linkages. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses indicate HPP-c3-s1 is a pyranose containing an amino and O-acetyl group. The sugar chains in HPP-c3-s1 contain both α and β glycosidic configurations, where the β configuration is the primary form. It was observed that the HPP-c3-s1 nanostructure had linear and branched forms at a concentration of 5 μg mL−1 and created different sized aggregates at a higher concentration of 50 μg mL−1. Furthermore, HPP-c3-s1 had significant immunostimulatory effects on splenocytes and B lymphocytes. In assays assessing anti-aging effects, HPP-c3-s1 extended the mean survival of Caenorhabditis elegans without adversely affecting reproduction. In addition, treatment with HPP-c3-s1 resulted in delays in age-related physiologic parameters, including body movement, rates of head swing and body bending, and accumulation of intestinal lipofuscinosis in C. elegans. Overall, these results suggest HPP-c3-s1 has remarkable immunomodulatory and anti-aging properties that may serve as the basis for development of functional foods and dietary supplements. HPP-c3-s1 is a pyranose with an average molecular weights of 23 413 kDa, which exhibited siginificant immunomodulatory and anti-aging activities.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Liu
- Department of Food Science
- College of Food Science
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Food Science
- College of Food Science
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Food Science
- College of Food Science
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- China
| | - Aimei Zhou
- Department of Food Science
- College of Food Science
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Food Science
- College of Food Science
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Food Science
- College of Food Science
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- China
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