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Hurissi EA, Abuallut II, Dibaji MQ, Jaly A, Alhazmi AH, Abuageelah BM, Alameer KM, Alyami YM. Ocular Complications after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:249. [PMID: 38399537 PMCID: PMC10890211 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic affects various populations worldwide. The discovery of vaccinations was necessary for the prevention and elimination of the disease. Despite the high importance of these vaccinations, they may cause some complications, such as ocular complications. This study aims to draw attention to the possible complications of the vaccination and highlight its importance. Materials and Methods: Systematic review of the literature from January 2021 to January 2023. A total of 20 published articles were included and reported cases of ocular complications in patients who received COVID-19 vaccines. Results: A total of 243 patients with verified ocular complications following the COVID-19 vaccination were included, ranging in age from 18 to 84 years. The most common ocular complications reported in the current study were ocular inflammatory complications, which represented 47.3%, followed by optic neuritis (24.3%). Retinal artery occlusion, retinal vein occlusion, acute macular neuroretinopathy, and paracentral acute middle maculopathy represented 10.7%. Herpetic ocular infections and herpetic eye disease (14%). Nearly half (42%) of the patients with ocular problems received the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccination. Conclusions: Despite the high importance of the COVID-19 vaccination, it was found that it is associated with the occurrence of some ocular complications. Future projects should come with more extensive prospective studies to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms and risk factors associated with ocular complications following COVID-19 vaccination, thereby enhancing our understanding and guiding appropriate management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A. Hurissi
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (E.A.H.); (K.M.A.)
| | - Ismail I. Abuallut
- Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology Division, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Abdulaziz Jaly
- Pharmacy, Jazan University Hospital, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdulaziz H. Alhazmi
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (E.A.H.); (K.M.A.)
| | - Bandar M. Abuageelah
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Batterjee Medical College, Abha 62451, Saudi Arabia; (B.M.A.); (Y.M.A.)
| | - Khalid M. Alameer
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (E.A.H.); (K.M.A.)
| | - Yousef M. Alyami
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Batterjee Medical College, Abha 62451, Saudi Arabia; (B.M.A.); (Y.M.A.)
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Negretti GS, Zeiger JS, Cherkas E, Shields CL. Posterior scleritis following COVID-19 vaccination or infection simulating uveal melanoma in 8 consecutive patients. Eye (Lond) 2024; 38:185-191. [PMID: 37422535 PMCID: PMC10764359 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-023-02656-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine clinical features and outcomes of posterior scleritis masquerading as uveal melanoma following vaccination against COVID-19 and/or COVID-19 infection. SUBJECTS/METHODS All patients with posterior scleritis referred to our service to rule out intraocular tumour between February 2021 and June 2022, who previously had COVID-19 vaccination and/or infection (n = 8). A retrospective detailed review of patient charts and imaging was carried out. RESULTS Previous COVID-19 vaccination was documented in 6 patients (75%) and previous COVID-19 infection and vaccination in 2 patients (25%). Demographic features included mean age of 59 years (median 68, range 5-86 years), white race (n = 7, 87%), and male sex (n = 5, 63%). Mean visual acuity at presentation was 0.24 LogMAR (median 0.18, range 0.0-0.70). The main presenting symptom was blurred vision with pain (n = 5, 63%). Features that suggested scleritis and not uveal melanoma included pain (n = 6, 75%), anterior scleritis (n = 3, 38%), disc oedema (n = 1, 13%), choroidal detachment (n = 3, 38%), choroidal folds (n = 3, 38%), diffusely thickened scleral wall on ultrasonography (n = 2, 25%), Tenon's oedema (n = 5, 63%), and scleral nodule with medium/high internal reflectivity on ultrasonography (n = 4, 50%). Follow-up information at mean of 2 months (range 0.25-7 months) revealed visual acuity at date last seen was mean 0.30 LogMAR (median 0.29, range 0.0-0.54). By 2 months, resolution of "tumour" was noted in 5/6 (83%) patients with follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Posterior scleritis following COVID-19 vaccination and/or infection can masquerade as choroidal melanoma. At 2 months duration, partial or complete resolution of features with minimal visual consequence was noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy S Negretti
- Shields and Shields, MD, PC, Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Zeiger
- Shields and Shields, MD, PC, Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elliot Cherkas
- Shields and Shields, MD, PC, Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Casey Eye Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Carol L Shields
- Shields and Shields, MD, PC, Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Hashimoto Y, Yamana H, Iwagami M, Ono S, Takeuchi Y, Michihata N, Uemura K, Yasunaga H, Aihara M, Kaburaki T. Ocular Adverse Events after Coronavirus Disease 2019 mRNA Vaccination: Matched Cohort and Self-Controlled Case Series Studies Using a Large Database. Ophthalmology 2023; 130:256-264. [PMID: 36306975 PMCID: PMC9597516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2022.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the risk of ocular adverse events after Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccination. DESIGN Matched cohort and self-controlled case series (SCCS) studies. PARTICIPANTS We used a population-based database of medical claims and vaccination records in a large Japanese city. In the matched cohort study, we identified individuals who received COVID-19 vaccination (BNT162b2) from February 2021 to September 2021. One control was selected from nonvaccinated individuals by matching time, date of birth, sex, Charlson comorbidity index, and the enrollment period for health insurance. In the SCCS study, we analyzed individuals who developed ocular adverse events. METHODS In the matched cohort study, we applied the Kaplan-Meier estimator to estimate the cumulative incidence of ocular adverse events over 21 days after the first dose and 84 days after the second dose. In the SCCS method, we used conditional Poisson regression to estimate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of ocular adverse events during the risk periods (0-21 days after the first dose and 0-84 days after the second dose) compared with the remaining periods. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Composite outcome of uveitis, scleritis, retinal vein occlusion (RVO), and optic neuritis. RESULTS There were 99 718 pairs eligible for the matched cohort study after the first dose (mean age, 69.3 years; male, 44%). The vaccinated and control groups developed 29 and 21 events, respectively, over 21 days after the first dose, and 79 and 28 events, respectively, over 84 days after the second dose. The differences in cumulative incidence (reference, the control group) were 2.9 (95% confidence interval, -14.5 to 19.1) events/100 000 persons and 51.3 (16.2-84.3) events/100 000 persons, respectively, for the first and second doses. The SCCS study showed the IRRs of 0.89 (0.62-1.28) and 0.89 (0.71-1.11) for the first and second doses, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The matched cohort analysis found an increased risk for the composite outcome after the second dose; however, the SCCS analysis showed no increased risk. Considering that the SCCS can cancel out time-invariant confounders, the current results suggest that COVID-19 vaccination is unlikely to causally increase the risk of ocular adverse events. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Hashimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hayato Yamana
- Department of Health Services Research, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masao Iwagami
- Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sachiko Ono
- Department of Eat-loss Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Takeuchi
- Division of Medical Statistics, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Michihata
- Department of Health Services Research, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Uemura
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Yasunaga
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Aihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Kaburaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Hong CM, Shin MH, Kim SJ, Seo SW, Chung I, Yoo WS. Bilateral posterior scleritis after sequential bilateral cataract surgery: a case report. BMC Ophthalmol 2022; 22:321. [PMID: 35883109 PMCID: PMC9321295 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02537-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Posterior scleritis is a rare, inflammatory ophthalmic disease, leading to severe visual impairment if untreated. Posterior scleritis occurring after surgery, unrelated to systemic inflammatory diseases, is even rarer. This report discusses a case of bilateral posterior scleritis, after cataract surgery in both the eyes, treated with high-dose steroids. Case presentation A 55-year-old man, who had undergone bilateral sequential cataract surgery one week before, presented with sudden loss of vision and ocular pain in both eyes. The patient had no systemic diseases or neurological symptoms. Serous retinal detachment of the macula with optic disc swelling was observed on fundus examination in both the eyes, and bilateral thickening of choroid and sclera was seen in ultrasonography. Under diagnosis of bilateral posterior scleritis due to the increased signal of sclera in both the eyes on magnetic resonance imaging, high-dose steroid therapy was performed. After treatment, improvement in visual acuity and retinal detachment were observed, and thereafter, it has been maintained without relapse. Conclusions With high-dose steroid therapy, we successfully treated a rare case of bilateral posterior scleritis following cataract surgery in both eyes. To our knowledge, this is the first report on posterior scleritis occurring after surgery, unrelated to systemic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae-Min Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gangnam-ro 79, Gyeongnam, Jinju, South Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gangnam-ro 79, Gyeongnam, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Min-Ho Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Seong-Jae Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gangnam-ro 79, Gyeongnam, Jinju, South Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gangnam-ro 79, Gyeongnam, Jinju, South Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Gangnam-ro 79, Gyeongnam, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Seong-Wook Seo
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gangnam-ro 79, Gyeongnam, Jinju, South Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gangnam-ro 79, Gyeongnam, Jinju, South Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Gangnam-ro 79, Gyeongnam, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Inyoung Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gangnam-ro 79, Gyeongnam, Jinju, South Korea. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gangnam-ro 79, Gyeongnam, Jinju, South Korea. .,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Gangnam-ro 79, Gyeongnam, Jinju, South Korea.
| | - Woong-Sun Yoo
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gangnam-ro 79, Gyeongnam, Jinju, South Korea. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gangnam-ro 79, Gyeongnam, Jinju, South Korea. .,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Gangnam-ro 79, Gyeongnam, Jinju, South Korea.
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