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Wang Z, Zheng Y, Xu J, Jia Q, Jiang HB, Lee ES. A Simplified GBR Treatment and Evaluation of Posterior Seibert Class I Ridge Defects via Bio-collagen and Platelet-Rich Fibrin: A Retrospective Study. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:959-967. [PMID: 38943036 PMCID: PMC11286611 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-024-00654-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Classical guided bone regeneration (GBR) treatments can achieve favorable clinical results for ridge defects. However, extensive bone augmentation in the non-esthetic area in the posterior region for minor ridge defects is unnecessary. Therefore, this study used a collagen and Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) mixture for bone augmentation on minor posterior ridge defects and evaluated the effects. METHODS 22 Seibert Class I ridge defects were treated with BC and covered with a PRF membrane (simplified guided bone regeneration, simplified GBR) and other 22 were treated with Bio-Oss and covered with Bio-Gide (classical GBR). Cone-beam computed tomography imaging was conducted 6 months post-surgery to compare the ridge's horizontal width (HW) and buccal ridge's horizontal width to assess the osteogenic effect. In addition, the buccal ridge contour morphology was studied and classified. RESULTS The buccal ridge contour of simplified GBR was Type A in 14 cases, Type B in 7 cases, and Type C in 1 case and it of classical GBR was Type A in 11 cases, Type B in 8 cases, and Type C in 3 cases. The mean HW significantly increased by 1.50 mm of simplified GBR treatment, while it increased by 1.83 mm in classical GBR treatment. CONCLUSION The combined use of BC and PRF had a significant effect on bone augmentation and this treatment exhibited promising clinical results for correcting posterior Seibert Class I ridge defects. The morphological classification of the reconstructive effect in this study can be utilized in future clinical work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wang
- Second Clinical Division, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yafeng Zheng
- Second Clinical Division, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- Department of Stomatological Technology, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Jia
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Heng Bo Jiang
- Department of Stomatological Technology, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Eui-Seok Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea.
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Davies C, Miron RJ. Autolougous platelet concentrates in esthetic medicine. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 39086171 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
This narrative review summarizes current knowledge on the use of autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) in esthetic medicine, with the goal of providing clinicians with reliable information for clinical practice. APCs contain platelets that release various growth factors with potential applications in facial and dermatologic treatments. This review examines several facial esthetic applications of APCs, including acne scarring, skin rejuvenation, melasma, vitiligo, stretchmarks, peri-orbital rejuvenation, peri-oral rejuvenation, hair regeneration and the volumizing effects of APC gels. A systematic review of literature databases (PubMed/MEDLINE) was conducted up to October 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the English language on APCs for facial rejuvenation and dermatology. A total of 96 articles were selected including those on platelet rich plasma (PRP), plasma-rich in growth factors (PRGF), and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). Clinical recommendations gained from the reviews are provided. In summary, the use of APCs in facial esthetics is a promising yet relatively recent treatment approach. Overall, the majority of studies have focused on the use of PRP with positive outcomes. Only few studies have compared PRP versus PRF with all demonstrating superior outcomes using PRF. The existing studies have limitations including small sample sizes and lack of standardized assessment criteria. Future research should utilize well-designed RCTs, incorporating appropriate controls, such as split-face comparisons, and standardized protocols for APC usage, including optimal number of sessions, interval between sessions, and objective improvement scores. Nevertheless, the most recent formulations of platelet concentrates offer clinicians an ability to improve various clinical parameters and esthetic concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Davies
- ZD Hair Clinic, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Advanced PRF Education, Venice, Florida, USA
| | - Richard J Miron
- Advanced PRF Education, Venice, Florida, USA
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Abdulhak S, Kassem T, Alsayed Tolibah Y. Comparison Between Autologous Albumin Gel and Liquid Platelet-Rich Fibrin Mixture Versus Connective Tissue Graft to Modify the Gingival Phenotype: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Cureus 2024; 16:e61958. [PMID: 38978898 PMCID: PMC11229829 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To assess changes in gingival thickness (GTH) and the width of keratinized gingival tissue (KTW) following treatment with either connective tissue graft (CTG) or an albumin gel-platelet-rich fibrin mixture (Alb-PRF). Materials and methods Twenty treatment sites were included in a split-mouth design involving 10 patients with a thin gingival phenotype in the mandibular anterior region. The sample was randomly divided into two groups, with the Alb-PRF applied to the experimental group and CTG used for the control group. GTH and KTW were measured at baseline and after one, three, and six months. Results GTH increased in both groups during all follow-up periods. However, no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) between the groups were observed at baseline and six months. At three months, the experimental group exhibited significantly higher GTH (p < 0.001). Additionally, at three and six months, the CTG group showed a superior increase in KTW (p < 0.05). Conclusion Within the constraints of this study, Alb-PRF application for modifying thin gingival phenotypes proved to be an effective therapeutic option, potentially serving as an alternative to CTGs. Although Alb-PRF resulted in thicker gingiva, CTG demonstrated a greater enhancement in KTW.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tarek Kassem
- Periodontology, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR
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Ushiki T, Mochizuki T, Osawa M, Suzuki K, Tsujino T, Watanabe T, Mourão CF, Kawase T. Plasma Gel Matrix as a Promising Carrier of Epigallocatechin Gallate for Regenerative Medicine. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:98. [PMID: 38667555 PMCID: PMC11051297 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15040098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasma gel (PG) is a protein matrix prepared from platelet-poor plasma and can be utilized as a drug carrier for controlled release. We previously demonstrated its applicability as a carrier of polyphosphate. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the main flavonoid found in green tea and functions as a strong antioxidant. To explore the applicability of PG as an EGCG carrier, we examined the release of EGCG from the PG matrix using an in vitro system. Pooled platelet-poor plasma (PPP) was prepared from four healthy adult male donors, mixed with EGCG, and heated at 75 °C for 10 or 20 min to prepare the PG matrix. The PG-EGCG matrix was incubated in PBS at 37 °C, and the EGCG released into PBS was determined using spectrophotometry. The antioxidant capacity was determined based on the principle of the iodine decolorization reaction. EGCG precipitated and incorporated into the PG matrix during thermal preparation. Trypsin, used to simulate the in vivo degradation of PG, released EGCG from the PG matrix over time. The released EGCG maintained its antioxidant capacity during incubation. These results indicate that thermally prepared PG matrices can be utilized as a promising EGCG carrier in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ushiki
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata 951-8520, Japan; (T.U.); (K.S.)
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-9518, Japan;
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Mochizuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan;
| | - Mami Osawa
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-9518, Japan;
| | - Katsuya Suzuki
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata 951-8520, Japan; (T.U.); (K.S.)
| | | | - Taisuke Watanabe
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan;
| | - Carlos Fernando Mourão
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
| | - Tomoyuki Kawase
- Division of Oral Bioengineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
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Ogéus T. Treatment of a fractured humerus and partially torn supraspinatus tendon in a professional boxer with liquid platelet-rich fibrin and heat-coagulated albumin gel: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2024; 18:124. [PMID: 38519995 PMCID: PMC10960399 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-024-04458-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fractures with delayed healing can be a serious complication, especially for athletes depending on quick return to sports. To our knowledge, no cases of increased healing of delayed union fractures with autologous biomedical interventions have been reported. CASE PRESENTATION A 33-year-old Swedish professional boxer with a fractured humerus with a delayed union and a partially torn supraspinatus tendon was treated with injections of liquid platelet-rich fibrin and heat-coagulated albumin gel. He recovered almost completely from both injuries in only 1 month and could return to professional boxing in 3 months. CONCLUSION This case raises the hypothesis that liquid platelet-rich fibrin and heat-coagulated albumin gel may be an effective, minimally invasive intervention in fractures with a delayed union. Further research is required to test this theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torbjörn Ogéus
- Stockholms led- & smärtklinik, 11424, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Miron RJ, Pikos MA, Estrin NE, Kobayashi-Fujioka M, Espinoza AR, Basma H, Zhang Y. Extended platelet-rich fibrin. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:114-130. [PMID: 37986559 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has been characterized as a regenerative biomaterial that is fully resorbed within a typical 2-3 week period. Very recently, however, a novel heating process was shown to extend the working properties of PRP/PRF from a standard 2-3 week period toward a duration of 4-6 months. Numerous clinicians have now utilized this extended-PRF (e-PRF) membrane as a substitute for collagen barrier membranes in various clinical applications, such as guided tissue/bone regeneration. This review article summarizes the scientific work to date on this novel technology, including its current and future applications in periodontology, implant dentistry, orthopedics and facial aesthetics. A systematic review was conducted investigating key terms including "Bio-Heat," "albumin gel," "albumin-PRF," "Alb-PRF," "extended-PRF," "e-PRF," "activated plasma albumin gel," and "APAG" by searching databases such as MEDLINE, EMBASE and PubMed. Findings from preclinical studies demonstrate that following a simple 10-min heating process, the transformation of the liquid plasma albumin layer into a gel-like injectable albumin gel extends the resorption properties to at least 4 months according to ISO standard 10 993 (subcutaneous animal model). Several clinical studies have now demonstrated the use of e-PRF membranes as a replacement for collagen membranes in GTR/GBR procedures, closing lateral windows in sinus grafting procedures, for extraction site management, and as a stable biological membrane during recession coverage procedures. Furthermore, Alb-PRF may also be injected as a regenerative biological filler that lasts extended periods with advantages in joint injections, osteoarthritis and in the field of facial aesthetics. This article highlights the marked improvement in the stability and degradation properties of the novel Alb-PRF/e-PRF technology with its widespread future potential use as a potential replacement for collagen membranes with indications including extraction site management, GBR procedures, lateral sinus window closure, recession coverage among others, and further highlights its use as a biological regenerative filler for joint injections and facial aesthetics. It is hoped that this review will pioneer future opportunities and research development in the field, leading to further progression toward more natural and less costly biomaterials for use in medicine and dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Advanced PRF Education, Jupiter, Florida, USA
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Masako Kobayashi-Fujioka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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de Lima Barbosa R, Rodrigues Santiago Rocha N, Stellet Lourenço E, de Souza Lima VH, Mavropoulos E, Mello-Machado RC, Spiegel C, Mourão CF, Alves GG. The Association of Nanostructured Carbonated Hydroxyapatite with Denatured Albumin and Platelet-Rich Fibrin: Impacts on Growth Factors Release and Osteoblast Behavior. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:18. [PMID: 38248685 PMCID: PMC10817063 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich Fibrin (PRF), a second-generation blood concentrate, offers a versatile structure for bone regeneration due to its composition of fibrin, growth factors, and cytokines, with adaptations like denatured albumin-enriched with liquid PRF (Alb-PRF), showing potential for enhanced stability and growth factor dynamics. Researchers have also explored the combination of PRF with other biomaterials, aiming to create a three-dimensional framework for enhanced cell recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation in bone repair studies. This study aimed to evaluate a combination of Alb-PRF with nanostructured carbonated hydroxyapatite microspheres (Alb-ncHA-PRF), and how this association affects the release capacity of growth factors and immunomodulatory molecules, and its impact on the behavior of MG63 human osteoblast-like cells. Alb-PRF membranes were prepared and associated with nanocarboapatite (ncHA) microspheres during polymerization. MG63 cells were exposed to eluates of both membranes to assess cell viability, proliferation, mineralization, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. The ultrastructural analysis has shown that the spheres were shattered, and fragments were incorporated into both the fibrin mesh and the albumin gel of Alb-PRF. Alb-ncHA-PRF presented a reduced release of growth factors and cytokines when compared to Alb-PRF (p < 0.05). Alb-ncHA-PRF was able to stimulate osteoblast proliferation and ALP activity at lower levels than those observed by Alb-PRF and was unable to positively affect in vitro mineralization by MG63 cells. These findings indicate that the addition of ncHA spheres reduces the biological activity of Alb-PRF, impairing its initial effects on osteoblast behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata de Lima Barbosa
- Graduate Program in Science and Biotechnology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24210-201, Brazil
- Clinical Research Unit, Antonio Pedro Hospital, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24033-900, Brazil
| | | | - Emanuelle Stellet Lourenço
- Clinical Research Unit, Antonio Pedro Hospital, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24033-900, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo de Souza Lima
- Graduate Program in Science and Biotechnology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24210-201, Brazil
- Clinical Research Unit, Antonio Pedro Hospital, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24033-900, Brazil
| | - Elena Mavropoulos
- Brazilian Center for Physics Research, Rio de Janeiro 22290-180, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Spiegel
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24033-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Fernando Mourão
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Gutemberg Gomes Alves
- Graduate Program in Science and Biotechnology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24210-201, Brazil
- Clinical Research Unit, Antonio Pedro Hospital, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24033-900, Brazil
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Wu Q, Yu S, Wang Y, Zhang X. Effect of thermal manipulation on the biological and mechanical characteristics of horizontal platelet rich fibrin membranes. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:956. [PMID: 38041031 PMCID: PMC10693106 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03412-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUD Regardless of application scenarios, proper mechanical characteristics and degradation properties are prerequisites for horizontal platelet rich fibrin (H-PRF) to manifest its ability. Among the methods used to modify PRF, thermal manipulation is promising as it is easy to handle without adding extra additives. Yet there is no consensus on optimal temperature treatment. This study aimed to investigate the effects of heating on the biological and mechanical characteristics of H-PRF and explore the optimum heating temperature for H-PRF thermal treatment. METHODS We employed a series of temperature gradients, room temperature, 50℃, 75℃, 90℃, 105℃. The microstructure and the mechanical properties were recorded by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and tensile strength tests respectively. The degradation rate of H-PRF membranes was examined by digestion assay with plasmin and trypsin. The viability of cells within H-PRF membranes and the proliferation of osteoblasts cultured with extracts from different H-PRF groups was evaluated using CCK-8 assays. RESULTS Compared with the nonheated group, overheated manipulation beyond 90℃ can significantly prolong the degradation properties for up to 3 to 4 weeks and enhance the mass stress of H-PRF membranes. A high-temperature treatment of 105℃ accompanied by the cell activity beneath H-PRF reduced more than half, and thus, the biological effect on human osteoblasts (hFOBs) also reduced dramatically. CONCLUSIONS High thermal manipulation can prolong the degradation properties and enhance the mechanical properties of PRF membranes accompanied by the loss of biological effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Shimin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Yulan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
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Rossi R, Carli E, Bambini F, Mummolo S, Licini C, Memè L. The Use of Nano-Hydroxyapatite (NH) for Socket Preservation: Communication of an Upcoming Multicenter Study with the Presentation of a Pilot Case Report. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1978. [PMID: 38004027 PMCID: PMC10673145 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59111978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The use of biomaterials in dentistry is extremely common. From a commercial perspective, different types of osteoconductive and osteoinductive biomaterials are available to clinicians. In the field of osteoconductive materials, clinicians have biomaterials made of heterologous bones at their disposal, including biomaterials of bovine, porcine, and equine origins, and biomaterials of natural origin, such as corals and hydroxyapatites. In recent years, it has become possible to synthesize nano-Ha and produce scaffolds using digital information. Although a large variety of biomaterials has been produced, there is no scientific evidence that proves their absolute indispensability in terms of the preservation of postextraction sites or in the execution of guided bone regeneration. While there is no scientific evidence showing that one material is better than another, there is evidence suggesting that several products have better in situ permanence. This article describes a preliminary study to evaluate the histological results, ISQ values, and prevalence of nano-HA. Materials and Methods: In this study, we planned to use a new biomaterial based on nanohydroxyapatite for implantation at one postextraction site; the nano-HA in this study was NuvaBONE (Overmed, Buccinasco, Milano, Italy). This is a synthetic bone graft substitute that is based on nanostructured biomimetic hydroxyapatite for application in oral-maxillofacial surgery, orthopedics, traumatology, spine surgery, and neurosurgery. In our pilot case, a patient with a hopeless tooth underwent extraction, and the large defect remaining after the removal of the tooth was filled with nano-HA to restore the volume. Twelve months later, the patient was booked for implant surgery to replace the missing tooth. At the time of the surgery, a biopsy of the regenerated tissue was taken using a trephine of 4 mm in the inner side and 8 mm deep. Results: The histological results of the biopsy showed abundant bone formation, high values of ISQ increasing from the insertion to the prosthetic phase, and a good reorganization of hydroxyapatite granules during resorption. The implant is in good function, and the replaced tooth shows good esthetics. Conclusions: The good results of this pilot case indicate starting the next Multicentric study to have more and clearer information about this nanohydroxyapatite (NH) compared with control sites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisabetta Carli
- Unit of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Fabrizio Bambini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano Mummolo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Caterina Licini
- Department of Clinic and Molecular Science, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Lucia Memè
- Unit of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.C.); (L.M.)
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Elver A, Caymaz MG. Novel approaches to the use of platelet-rich fibrin: A literature review. Saudi Dent J 2023; 35:797-802. [PMID: 38025602 PMCID: PMC10658391 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Atalay Elver
- Cyprus Health and Social Sciences University, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Güzelyurt, TRNC (Turkish Republic of North Cyprus), Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Gagari Caymaz
- Cyprus Health and Social Sciences University, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Güzelyurt, TRNC (Turkish Republic of North Cyprus), Mersin 10, Turkey
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Nakamura M, Masuki H, Kawabata H, Watanabe T, Watanabe T, Tsujino T, Isobe K, Kitamura Y, Mourão CF, Kawase T. Plasma Gel Made of Platelet-Poor Plasma: In Vitro Verification as a Carrier of Polyphosphate. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2871. [PMID: 38001872 PMCID: PMC10669793 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma gel (PG) is a blood-derived biomaterial that can be prepared by heating or chemical cross-linking without the aid of intrinsic coagulation activity and has gradually been applied in the field of esthetic surgery. To explore the applicability of PG in regenerative therapy or tissue engineering, in this study, we focused on the advantages of the heating method and verified the retention capacity of the resulting PG for polyphosphate (polyP), a polyanion that contributes to hemostasis and bone regeneration. Pooled platelet-poor plasma (PPP) was prepared from four healthy male adult donors, mixed with synthetic polyP, and heated at 75 °C for 10 or 30 min to prepare PG in microtubes. The PG was incubated in PBS at 37 °C, and polyP levels in the extra-matrix PBS were determined by the fluorometric method every 24 h. The microstructure of PG was examined using scanning electron microscopy. In the small PG matrices, almost all of the added polyP (~100%) was released within the initial 24 h. In contrast, in the large PG matrices, approximately 50% of the polyP was released within the initial 24 h and thereafter gradually released over time. Owing to its simple chemical structure, linear polyP cannot be theoretically retained in the gel matrices used in this study. However, these findings suggest that thermally prepared PG matrices can be applied as carriers of polyP in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Nakamura
- Tokyo Plastic Dental Society, Tokyo 114-0002, Japan; (M.N.); (H.M.); (H.K.); (T.W.); (T.W.); (T.T.); (K.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Hideo Masuki
- Tokyo Plastic Dental Society, Tokyo 114-0002, Japan; (M.N.); (H.M.); (H.K.); (T.W.); (T.W.); (T.T.); (K.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Hideo Kawabata
- Tokyo Plastic Dental Society, Tokyo 114-0002, Japan; (M.N.); (H.M.); (H.K.); (T.W.); (T.W.); (T.T.); (K.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Taisuke Watanabe
- Tokyo Plastic Dental Society, Tokyo 114-0002, Japan; (M.N.); (H.M.); (H.K.); (T.W.); (T.W.); (T.T.); (K.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Takao Watanabe
- Tokyo Plastic Dental Society, Tokyo 114-0002, Japan; (M.N.); (H.M.); (H.K.); (T.W.); (T.W.); (T.T.); (K.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Tetsuhiro Tsujino
- Tokyo Plastic Dental Society, Tokyo 114-0002, Japan; (M.N.); (H.M.); (H.K.); (T.W.); (T.W.); (T.T.); (K.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Kazushige Isobe
- Tokyo Plastic Dental Society, Tokyo 114-0002, Japan; (M.N.); (H.M.); (H.K.); (T.W.); (T.W.); (T.T.); (K.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yutaka Kitamura
- Tokyo Plastic Dental Society, Tokyo 114-0002, Japan; (M.N.); (H.M.); (H.K.); (T.W.); (T.W.); (T.T.); (K.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Carlos Fernando Mourão
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
| | - Tomoyuki Kawase
- Division of Oral Bioengineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
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Javid K, Mourão CF, Mello-Machado RC, Sartoretto SC, Torres M, Stellet Lourenço E, Leite PEC, Granjeiro JM, Alves GG, Calasans-Maia MD. Clinical and Biochemical Evaluation of the Use of Alb-PRF versus L-PRF in Mandibular Third Molar Extractions: A Split-Mouth Randomized Clinical Trial. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:505. [PMID: 37888172 PMCID: PMC10607814 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14100505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering seeks biomaterials that enable cell migration, angiogenesis, matrix deposition, and tissue regeneration. Blood concentrates like platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) offer a cost-effective source of cells and growth factors to enhance healing. The present study aimed to evaluate heated serum albumin with liquid PRF (Alb-PRF) and L-PRF clinically and biochemically after placement in dental sockets following mandibular third molar extraction. In a controlled, split-mouth study involving 10 volunteers, 20 extracted molars were treated with either Alb-PRF or L-PRF. Post-extraction, pain, trismus, infection presence, and swelling were measured. The concentrations of different analytes in the surgical sites were also examined. The data were statistically analyzed, with significance defined at p < 0.05 (t-test). No significant difference was noted between the groups for pain and trismus, but Alb-PRF showed a significant reduction in swelling on day seven. The Alb-PRF group showed lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (GM-CSF, IL-1b, IL-6, IFNy, IL-8, IL-15, RANTES, and MIP-1a) after seven days, with only higher expressions of MIP-1b, IL-1b, and MCP-1 found in the L-PRF group. Differences were observed in the release of analytes between L-PRF and Alb-PRF, with Alb-PRF significantly reducing edema after seven days. Alb-PRF reduced edema, while L-PRF increased inflammatory cytokines. When compared to L-PRF, Alb-PRF reduced edema and the release of inflammatory cytokines, suggesting promising effects in socket healing while underscoring the role of growth factors and cytokines in potential applications of blood concentrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayvon Javid
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói 24020-140, Brazil
| | - Carlos Fernando Mourão
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | | | | | - Madelaine Torres
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói 24020-140, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Emilio Correa Leite
- Clinical Research Unit, Antonio Pedro Hospital, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói 24033-900, Brazil
| | - José Mauro Granjeiro
- Department of Oral Surgery, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói 24020-140, Brazil
| | - Gutemberg Gomes Alves
- Department of Biotechnology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói 24033-900, Brazil
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Mousavi SJ, Ejeian F, Razmjou A, Nasr-Esfahani MH. In vivo evaluation of bone regeneration using ZIF8-modified polypropylene membrane in rat calvarium defects. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:1390-1405. [PMID: 37485621 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM The profound potential of zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF8) thin film for inducing osteogenesis has been previously established under in vitro conditions. As the next step towards the clinical application of ZIF8-modified substrates in periodontology, this in vivo study aimed to evaluate the ability of the ZIF8 crystalline layer to induce bone regeneration in an animal model defect. MATERIALS AND METHODS Following the mechanical characterization of the membranes and analysing the in vitro degradation of the ZIF8 layer, in vivo bone regeneration was evaluated in a critical-sized (5-mm) rat calvarial bone defect model. For each animal, one defect was randomly covered with either a polypropylene (PP) or a ZIF8-modified membrane (n = 7 per group), while the other defect was left untreated as a control. Eight weeks post surgery, bone formation was assessed by microcomputed tomography scanning, haematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS The ZIF8-modified membrane outperformed the PP membrane in terms of mechanical properties and revealed a trace Zn+2 release. Results of in vivo evaluation verified the superior barrier function of the ZIF8-coated membrane compared with pristine PP membrane. Compared with the limited marginal bone formation in the control and PP groups, the defect area was almost filled with mature bone in the ZIF8-coated membrane group. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the effectiveness of the ZIF8-coated membrane as a promising material for improving clinical outcomes of guided bone regeneration procedures, without using biological components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Javad Mousavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ejeian
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Razmjou
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
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14
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Park JY, Hong KJ, Ko KA, Cha JK, Gruber R, Lee JS. Platelet-rich fibrin combined with a particulate bone substitute versus guided bone regeneration in the damaged extraction socket: An in vivo study. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:358-367. [PMID: 36330669 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AIM It has been proposed that platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) can be used to support bone regeneration during alveolar ridge augmentation. The aim of this study was to determine whether an approach utilizing PRF provides similar performance to the established guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two-wall defects were surgically created in beagle dogs and treated in three experimental groups: (i) a sticky bone (SB) substitute prepared using liquid PRF and deproteinized porcine bone mineral (DPBM); (ii) SB covered with solid PRF compressed into a membrane; and (iii) GBR performed using DPBM covered by a collagen membrane. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was applied to the specimen after 1 week of healing, and microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and histological outcomes were analysed after 8 weeks of healing. RESULTS Compared with GBR, PRF resulted in a moderate increase in the expression levels of osteoblast and osteoclast markers, osteocalcin, and calcitonin receptor. Moreover, PRF modestly increased angiogenesis and the inflammation markers vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and IL-6. Micro-CT and histological analyses confirmed the expected increased alveolar ridge area, with no significant differences between the three groups. Consistently, graft consolidation, as indicated by new bone formation at the defect site, did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSIONS The present results demonstrate that PRF-based approaches perform comparably to the established GBR procedure in terms of the consolidation of DPBM in two-wall alveolar defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Park
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Innovation Research and Support Center for Dental Science, Yonsei University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyu-Jin Hong
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-A Ko
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Innovation Research and Support Center for Dental Science, Yonsei University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Kook Cha
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Innovation Research and Support Center for Dental Science, Yonsei University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jung-Seok Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Innovation Research and Support Center for Dental Science, Yonsei University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Mourão CF, Lowenstein A. The Use of Alb-PRF as a Drug Delivery System for Malignant Lesion Treatment. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CANCEROLOGIA 2023. [DOI: 10.32635/2176-9745.rbc.2023v69n2.3762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioengineering is an area of biotechnology that offers tools for different therapeutic strategies, including tissue therapies. For this, cells are associated with growth factors and scaffolds composed of biocompatible biomaterials capable of promoting the regeneration of tissues, such as bones. Autologous biomaterials produced from human peripheral blood have a proven ability to produce/release activating factors for tissue repair, with potential application as a vehicle for carrying substances for local release. The present idea proposes the use of a new blood-derived concentrate, Alb-PRF, an activated plasma albumin gel with the platelet-rich fibrin in the liquid phase (Liquid PRF). Alb-PRF can be able to stabilize the fibrin matrix of the scaffold, acting as a drug delivery system vehicle in malignant lesions.
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Evolution and Clinical Advances of Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Musculoskeletal Regeneration. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:bioengineering10010058. [PMID: 36671630 PMCID: PMC9854731 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, various forms of platelet concentrates have evolved with significant clinical utility. The newer generation products, including leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) and advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF), have shown superior biological properties in musculoskeletal regeneration than the first-generation concentrates, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and plasma rich in growth factors. These newer platelet concentrates have a complete matrix of physiological fibrin that acts as a scaffold with a three-dimensional (3D) architecture. Further, it facilitates intercellular signaling and migration, thereby promoting angiogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic activities. A-PRF with higher leukocyte inclusion possesses antimicrobial activity than the first generations. Due to the presence of enormous amounts of growth factors and anti-inflammatory cytokines that are released, A-PRF has the potential to replicate the various physiological and immunological factors of wound healing. In addition, there are more neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages, all of which secrete essential chemotactic molecules. As a result, both L-PRF and A-PRF are used in the management of musculoskeletal conditions, such as chondral injuries, tendinopathies, tissue regeneration, and other sports-related injuries. In addition to this, its applications have been expanded to include the fields of reconstructive cosmetic surgery, wound healing in diabetic patients, and maxillofacial surgeries.
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Gavrailov T, Chenchev I, Gevezova M, Draganova M, Sarafian V. Effect on Cellular Vitality In Vitro of Novel APRF-Chlorhexidine Treated Membranes. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040226. [PMID: 36412868 PMCID: PMC9680238 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chlorhexidine (CHX) has been used for some time in clinical practice as a local antiseptic agent with excellent efficacy. The combination of CHX with APRF (Advanced-platelet rich fibrin) membrane has the potential to stimulate tissue regeneration and to provide a bactericidal effect. We hypothesize that this may reduce the rate of infections development and protect cell viability. AIM The aim of this study was two-fold-to create a stable APRF membrane treated with different concentrations of CHX (0.01% and 0.02%) and to monitor its effect on the viability of PDL cells in vitro. This benefits the introduction of a new protocol for APRF membrane production -CHX-PRF and enriches the available evidence on the effect of this antiseptic agent on PDL (Periodontal ligament) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS APRF membranes were prepared by the addition of two concentrations (0.01% and 0.02%) of CHX. Membranes without the antiseptic were also prepared and used as control samples. PDL cells were cultivated on the membranes for 72 h. Cell number and vitality were examined by fluorescent cell viability assays. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that a concentration of 0.01% CHX allowed the production of a stable APRF membrane. This concentration slightly reduced the viability of PDL cells to 96.7%, but significantly decreased the average number of cells attached to the membrane-149 ± 16.5 cells/field compared to controls -336 ± 26.9 cells/field. APRF-CHX 0.02% membranes were unstable, indicating a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect of CHX. CONCLUSIONS The introduced novel protocol leads to the production of a new type of APRF membrane-CHX-PRF. The incorporation of an antiseptic into the APRF membrane can improve its bactericidal activity and might serve as an important step for the prevention of postoperative infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasho Gavrailov
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University—Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Correspondence:
| | - Ivan Chenchev
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University—Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute at MU-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Gevezova
- Research Institute at MU-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University—Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Milena Draganova
- Research Institute at MU-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University—Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Victoria Sarafian
- Research Institute at MU-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University—Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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18
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Exploration of proper heating protocol for injectable horizontal platelet-rich fibrin gel. Int J Implant Dent 2022; 8:36. [PMID: 36098849 PMCID: PMC9470793 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-022-00436-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has been proposed as promising biomaterials with the advantages of host accumulation of platelets and leukocytes with entrapment of growth factors and fibrin scaffold. However, limitations including fast resorption rate (~ 2 weeks) restricts its clinical application. Recent studies have demonstrated heating treatment can prolong PRF degradation. Current published articles used the method of 75 °C for 10 min to obtain longer degradation, while few studies investigated the most suitable temperature for heating horizontal PRF. Our present study was to discover and confirm the optimum temperature for heat treatment before obtaining H-PRF gels by investigating their structure, mechanical properties, and bioactivity of the H-PRF gels after heating treatment. Methods In the present study, 2-mL upper layer of horizontal PRF was collected and heated at 45 °C, 60 °C, 75 °C, and 90 °C to heat 2-mL upper layer of horizontal PRF for 10 min before mixing with the 2-mL lower layer horizontal PRF. The weight, solidification time and the degradation properties were subsequently recorded. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and rheologic tests were carried out to investigate the microstructure and rheologic properties of each H-PRF gel. The biological activity of each H-PRF gel was also evaluated using live/dead staining. Results H-PRF gel prepared at 75 °C for 10 min had the fast solidification period (over a tenfold increase than control) as well as the best resistance to degradation. The number of living cells in H-PRF gel is greater than 90%. SEM showed that H-PRF gel becomes denser as the heating temperature increases, and rheologic tests also revealed that the heat treatment improved the mechanical properties of H-PRF gels when compared to non-heated control group. Future clinical studies are needed to further support the clinical application of H-PRF gels in tissue regeneration procedures. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that the H-PRF gel obtained at 75 °C for 10 min could produce a uniform, moldable gel with a short time for solidification time, great rheologic behavior and, high percent of live cells in PRF gel. A promising use of the commonly utilized PRF gel was achieved facilitating tissue regeneration and preventing degradation.
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Gheno E, Alves GG, Ghiretti R, Mello-Machado RC, Signore A, Lourenço ES, Leite PEC, Mourão CFDAB, Sohn DS, Calasans-Maia MD. "Sticky Bone" Preparation Device: A Pilot Study on the Release of Cytokines and Growth Factors. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15041474. [PMID: 35208017 PMCID: PMC8879971 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Sticky bone, a growth factor-enriched bone graft matrix, is a promising autologous material for bone tissue regeneration. However, its production is strongly dependent on manual handling steps. In this sense, a new device was developed to simplify the confection of the sticky bone, named Sticky Bone Preparation Device (SBPD®). The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the suitability of the SBPD® to prepare biomaterials for bone regeneration with autologous platelet concentrates. The SBPD® allows the blending of particulate samples from synthetic, xenograft, or autogenous bone with autologous platelet concentrates, making it easy to use and avoiding the need of further manipulations for the combination of the materials. The protocol for the preparation of sticky bone samples using the SBPD® is described, and the resulting product is compared with hand-mixed SB preparations regarding in vitro parameters such as cell content and the ability to release growth factors and cytokines relevant to tissue regeneration. The entrapped cell content was estimated, and the ability to release biological mediators was assessed after 7 days of incubation in culture medium. Both preparations increased the leukocyte and platelet concentrations compared to whole-blood samples (p < 0.05), without significant differences between SB and SBPD®. SBPD® samples released several growth factors, including VEGF, FGFb, and PDGF, at concentrations physiologically equivalent to those released by SB preparations. Therefore, the use of SBPD® results in a similar product to the standard protocol, but with more straightforward and shorter preparation times and less manipulation. These preliminary results suggest this device as a suitable alternative for combining bone substitute materials with platelet concentrates for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezio Gheno
- Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24220-140, RJ, Brazil; (E.G.); (R.C.M.-M.); (E.S.L.)
- Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics Department, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Gutemberg Gomes Alves
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, Institute of Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24220-000, RJ, Brazil;
- Clinical Research Unit of the Antonio Pedro Hospital, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24220-000, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Roberto Ghiretti
- Maxillofacial Surgeon, Private Practitioner, 46047 Porto, Italy;
| | - Rafael Coutinho Mello-Machado
- Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24220-140, RJ, Brazil; (E.G.); (R.C.M.-M.); (E.S.L.)
- Implant Dentistry Department, Universidade Iguaçu, Nova Iguaçu 26260-045, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antonio Signore
- Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics Department, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
- Therapeutic Dentistry Department, Institute of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Emanuelle Stellet Lourenço
- Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24220-140, RJ, Brazil; (E.G.); (R.C.M.-M.); (E.S.L.)
- Clinical Research Unit of the Antonio Pedro Hospital, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24220-000, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Paulo Emílio Correa Leite
- Post-Graduation Program in Sciences and Biotechnology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24220-000, RJ, Brazil;
| | | | - Dong-Seok Sohn
- Department of Dentistry and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Catholic University Medical Center of Daegu, Daegu 705-718, Korea;
| | - Mônica Diuana Calasans-Maia
- Department of Oral Surgery, Dentistry School, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24020-140, RJ, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Chagas ADLD, de Oliveira LP, Cruz MV, de Melo RM, Miguel MP, Fernandes KF, de Menezes LB. Polysaccharide-Based Membrane Biocompatibility Study of Anacardium occidentale L. and Polyvinyl Alcohol after Subcutaneous Implant in Rats. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15041296. [PMID: 35207837 PMCID: PMC8878544 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric membranes are a viable and sustainable option for the biotechnology industry from an economic and environmental point of view. In this study, we evaluated tissue response and tolerance to the implantation of a polymeric membrane prepared with cashew gum polysaccharide (CGP) associated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The objective was to characterize the biocompatibility of the CGP/PVA membrane in vivo. Following the evaluation criteria of the ISO 10993-6 standard, we demonstrated that the CGP/PVA membrane showed moderate tissue reaction, with a non-irritating ISO pattern, a thinner fibrous capsule, and a smaller amount of collagen compared to the positive control group. At 30 and 60 days, the membrane presented a similar amount of mast cells to that observed in the negative control group. The data demonstrate that the CGP/PVA membrane presents biocompatibility in accordance with the ISO 10993-6 standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica de Lima das Chagas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, GO, Brazil;
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Animal, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74001-970, GO, Brazil; (L.P.d.O.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Leiny Paula de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Animal, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74001-970, GO, Brazil; (L.P.d.O.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Mauricio Vicente Cruz
- Departamento de Áreas Acadêmicas II, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás, Campus Goiânia, Goiania 74055-120, GO, Brazil;
| | - Renato Miranda de Melo
- Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, GO, Brazil;
| | - Marina Pacheco Miguel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Animal, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74001-970, GO, Brazil; (L.P.d.O.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Katia Flavia Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química de Polímeros, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, ICB2, Campus Samambaia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiania 74690-900, GO, Brazil;
| | - Liliana Borges de Menezes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Animal, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74001-970, GO, Brazil; (L.P.d.O.); (M.P.M.)
- Setor de Patologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Rua 235, s/n, Setor Universitário, Goiânia 74605-050, GO, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+55-62-3209-6110
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Inchingolo F, Hazballa D, Inchingolo AD, Malcangi G, Marinelli G, Mancini A, Maggiore ME, Bordea IR, Scarano A, Farronato M, Tartaglia GM, Lorusso F, Inchingolo AM, Dipalma G. Innovative Concepts and Recent Breakthrough for Engineered Graft and Constructs for Bone Regeneration: A Literature Systematic Review. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15031120. [PMID: 35161065 PMCID: PMC8839672 DOI: 10.3390/ma15031120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: For decades, regenerative medicine and dentistry have been improved with new therapies and innovative clinical protocols. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate through a critical review the recent innovations in the field of bone regeneration with a focus on the healing potentials and clinical protocols of bone substitutes combined with engineered constructs, growth factors and photobiomodulation applications. Methods: A Boolean systematic search was conducted by PubMed/Medline, PubMed/Central, Web of Science and Google scholar databases according to the PRISMA guidelines. Results: After the initial screening, a total of 304 papers were considered eligible for the qualitative synthesis. The articles included were categorized according to the main topics: alloplastic bone substitutes, autologous teeth derived substitutes, xenografts, platelet-derived concentrates, laser therapy, microbiota and bone metabolism and mesenchymal cells construct. Conclusions: The effectiveness of the present investigation showed that the use of biocompatible and bio-resorbable bone substitutes are related to the high-predictability of the bone regeneration protocols, while the oral microbiota and systemic health of the patient produce a clinical advantage for the long-term success of the regeneration procedures and implant-supported restorations. The use of growth factors is able to reduce the co-morbidity of the regenerative procedure ameliorating the post-operative healing phase. The LLLT is an adjuvant protocol to improve the soft and hard tissues response for bone regeneration treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
- Correspondence: (F.I.); (F.L.); (G.D.); Tel.: +39-3312111104 (F.I.); +39-3282132586 (F.L.); +39-3396989939 (G.D.)
| | - Denisa Hazballa
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
- Kongresi Elbasanit, Rruga: Aqif Pasha, 3001 Elbasan, Albania
| | - Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Giuseppina Malcangi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Grazia Marinelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Antonio Mancini
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Maria Elena Maggiore
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Ioana Roxana Bordea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Antonio Scarano
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Marco Farronato
- UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (G.M.T.)
| | - Gianluca Martino Tartaglia
- UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (G.M.T.)
| | - Felice Lorusso
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.I.); (F.L.); (G.D.); Tel.: +39-3312111104 (F.I.); +39-3282132586 (F.L.); +39-3396989939 (G.D.)
| | - Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (M.E.M.); (A.M.I.)
- Correspondence: (F.I.); (F.L.); (G.D.); Tel.: +39-3312111104 (F.I.); +39-3282132586 (F.L.); +39-3396989939 (G.D.)
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Yu S, Wang Y, Miron RJ, Zhang Y. Structure, Barrier Function, and Bioactivity of Platelet-Rich Fibrin Following Thermal Processing. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 27:605-615. [PMID: 34714157 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2021.0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has been utilized as a substitute for resorbable membranes during guided bone regeneration therapy as it is a more bioactive biomaterial with living cells and growth factors than resorbable membranes. Nevertheless, PRF poses obvious disadvantages in its mechanical strength since its rapid degradability has been shown to typically resorb within a 2-week time period. In the present study, the barrier function and biological and mechanical properties of PRF were investigated both as standard therapy and after thermal processing. Two heating processes were applied: both single-side heating and double-side heating at 90°C for 10 s using a metal plate heater. The appearance and weight of PRF membranes were documented after heating, along with their morphological and mechanical properties evaluated by scanning electron microscope and tensile strength tests. The viability of cells found within PRF membranes was also evaluated using live/dead cell viability and CCK-8 (cell counting kit-8) assays. To comprehensively evaluate the barrier function of PRF membranes, Hoechst staining of human gingival fibroblasts, which can be distinguished from cells within the PRF membrane by emitting blue light at an excitation wavelength of 488 nm, was seeded onto the surface of PRF membranes. Furthermore, osteoblasts were cultured with extracts from different PRF groups to evaluate the biocompatibility of PRF membranes. The degradation rate of PRF membranes was examined by digestion assay. Compared with the nonheated PRF control, the size and weight of PRF membranes led to a significant decrease with a denser PRF microstructure following heating. In summary, the double-sided heating of PRF membranes not only demonstrated an improvement in mechanical and degradation properties but also led to a decrease in cell viability and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Yu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yulan Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Platelet-Rich Fibrin Decreases the Inflammatory Response of Mesenchymal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111333. [PMID: 34768764 PMCID: PMC8583104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a pathological process where cells of the mesenchymal lineage become a major source of inflammatory mediators. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has been shown to possess potent anti-inflammatory activity in macrophages, but its impact on mesenchymal cells has not been investigated. The aim of this study was, therefore, to expose mesenchymal cells to inflammatory cytokines together with lysates generated from liquid platelet-poor plasma (PPP), the cell-rich buffy coat layer (BC; concentrated-PRF or C-PRF), and the remaining red clot layer (RC), following centrifugation of blood. Heating PPP generates an albumin gel (Alb-gel) that when mixed back with C-PRF produces Alb-PRF. Membranes prepared from solid PRF were also subjected to lysis. We report here that lysates of PPP, BC, and PRF decreased the cytokine-induced expression of interleukin 6 (IL6) and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the bone marrow-derived ST2 cells. Consistently, PPP, BC, and PRF greatly decreased the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65 in ST2 cells. The inflammatory response caused by Pam3CSK4 was reduced accordingly. Moreover, PPP, BC, and PRF reduced the enhanced expression of inflammatory mediators IL6 and iNOS in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte mesenchymal cells, and iNOS and CCL5 in murine calvarial cells. Surprisingly, PRF lysates were not effective in reducing the inflammatory response of human gingival fibroblasts and HSC2 epithelial cells. The data from the present study suggest that both liquid PRF and solid PRF exert potent anti-inflammatory activity in murine mesenchymal cells.
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Autologous Biological Vitamin-C-added (ABC) Filler for Facial Volume Restoration. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2021; 45:2328-2337. [PMID: 33973050 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-021-02297-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Face rejuvenation procedures with injectable agents continue to gain popularity. Nowadays, a variety of commercial products are available as filler material. Ideal fillers should be inexpensive, easily obtainable, nontoxic, and biocompatible. The aim of this study is to report a clinical perspective for an appropriate, feasible, and inexpensive protocol of a stable, autologous biological filler for facial volume restoring without any commercial kits. METHODS Eight patients were investigated who underwent facial injection with ABC filler. Eleven ml of whole blood was placed in standard tubes containing anticoagulant and for each patient, 8 tubes were prepared. After the centrifugation at 1630 xg for 5 minutes, the upper plasma was taken, calcium was added and cooled. After the addition of vitamin C, the syringes were incubated at 85 °C for 10 minutes. The autologous biological material obtained was used as filling material. For comparison, FACE-Q satisfaction questionnaires were used before and after the procedure. RESULTS All patients were followed up for a minimum of 4 months. No major complications were recorded. The patient-reported FACE-Q satisfaction and FACE-Q quality of life pre- and post-procedure results showed statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05). Overall satisfaction with the outcome was 89.12 ± 16.73 (range 55-100). CONCLUSIONS ABC filler can be seen as a reliable, inexpensive, and easily obtainable material to restore facial volume with increased patient satisfaction and quality of life scores. We believe that our study will be encouraging to the application of autologous biological fillers for further clinical and scientific studies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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25
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Shah R, Gowda TM, Thomas R, Kumar T. Second generation liquid platelet concentrates: A literature review. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:1315-1326. [PMID: 34425742 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210823102618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Liquid or injectable platelet rich fibrin (PRF) is a second-generation platelet concentrate which is completely autologous and free of external additives like bovine thrombin and calcium chloride. Additionally, it is the only one to be obtained in a liquid form among the second generation platelet concentrates. This allows for wide applications such as to maximize injections or mixing with biomaterials such as bone grafts or antibiotics. Since it was first introduced in 2015, several modifications of the original protocol have been proposed which aim at maximizing its biological and mechanical properties. This includes changes in centrifugation speed, time, and so on. The aim of this review is to summarize the various modifications of the injectable/liquid formation of PRF as well as to discuss the potential applications and future research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rucha Shah
- Department of Periodontology, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere. India
| | - Triveni M Gowda
- Department of Periodontology, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere. India
| | - Raison Thomas
- Department of Periodontology, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere. India
| | - Tarun Kumar
- Department of Periodontology, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere. India
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26
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Kargarpour Z, Nasirzade J, Panahipour L, Miron RJ, Gruber R. Liquid PRF Reduces the Inflammatory Response and Osteoclastogenesis in Murine Macrophages. Front Immunol 2021; 12:636427. [PMID: 33897689 PMCID: PMC8062717 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.636427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation and osteoclastogenesis are hallmarks of inflammatory osteolysis and may be targeted by the local application of liquid platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). Liquid PRF is produced by a hard spin of blood in the absence of clot activators and anticoagulants, thereby generating an upper platelet-poor plasma (PPP) layer, a cell-rich buffy coat layer (BC; termed concentrated-PRF or C-PRF), and the remaining red clot (RC) layer. Heating PPP has been shown to generate an albumin gel (Alb-gel) that when mixed back with C-PRF generates Alb-PRF having extended working properties when implanted in vivo. Evidence has demonstrated that traditional solid PRF holds a potent anti-inflammatory capacity and reduces osteoclastogenesis. Whether liquid PRF is capable of also suppressing an inflammatory response and the formation of osteoclasts remains open. In the present study, RAW 264.7 and primary macrophages were exposed to lipopolysaccharides (LPS), lactoferrin, and agonists of Toll-like receptors (TLR3 and TLR7) in the presence or absence of lysates prepared by freeze-thawing of liquid PPP, BC, Alb-gel, and RC. For osteoclastogenesis, primary macrophages were exposed to receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and human transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in the presence or absence of PPP, BC, Alb-gel, RC lysates and hemoglobin. We show here that it is mainly the lysates prepared from PPP and BC that consistently reduced the agonist-induced expression of interleukin 6 (IL6) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) in macrophages, as determined by RT-PCR and immunoassay. With respect to osteoclastogenesis, lysates from PPP and BC but also from RC, similar to hemoglobin, reduced the expression of osteoclast marker genes tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and cathepsin K, as well as TRAP histochemical staining. These findings suggest that liquid PRF holds a potent in vitro heat-sensitive anti-inflammatory activity in macrophages that goes along with an inhibition of osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kargarpour
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jila Nasirzade
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Layla Panahipour
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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27
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Neto AMD, Sartoretto SC, Duarte IM, Resende RFDB, Neves Novellino Alves AT, Mourão CFDAB, Calasans-Maia J, Montemezzi P, Tristão GC, Calasans-Maia MD. In Vivo Comparative Evaluation of Biocompatibility and Biodegradation of Bovine and Porcine Collagen Membranes. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10120423. [PMID: 33333940 PMCID: PMC7765348 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10120423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical barriers prevent the invasion of the surrounding soft tissues within the bone defects. This concept is known as Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR). The knowledge about the local tissue reaction and the time of degradation of absorbable membranes favors the correct clinical indication. This study aimed to evaluate the biocompatibility and biodegradation of a bovine collagen membrane (Lyostypt®, São Gonçalo, Brazil) and compare it to a porcine collagen membrane (Bio-Gide®) implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of mice, following ISO 10993-6:2016. Thirty Balb-C mice were randomly divided into three experimental groups, LT (Lyostypt®), BG (Bio-Gide®), and Sham (without implantation), and subdivided according to the experimental periods (7, 21, and 63 days). The BG was considered non-irritant at seven days and slight and moderate irritant at 21 and 63 days, respectively. The LT presented a small irritant reaction at seven days, a mild reaction after 21, and a reduction in the inflammatory response at 63 days. The biodegradation of the LT occurred more rapidly compared to the BG after 63 days. This study concluded that both membranes were considered biocompatible since their tissue reactions were compatible with the physiological inflammatory process; however, the Bio-Gide® was less degraded during the experimental periods, favoring the guided bone regeneration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdu Mansur Dacache Neto
- Graduate Program, Dentistry School, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Suelen Cristina Sartoretto
- Oral Surgery Department, Dentistry School, Universidade Veiga de Almeida, Rio de Janeiro 20271-020, RJ, Brazil;
- Oral Surgery Department, Dentistry School, Universidade Iguaçu, Nova Iguaçu 26260-045, RJ, Brazil;
- Clinical Research Laboratory in Dentistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, RJ, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Martins Duarte
- Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Universidade Veiga de Almeida, Rio de Janeiro 20271-020, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Rodrigo Figueiredo de Brito Resende
- Oral Surgery Department, Dentistry School, Universidade Iguaçu, Nova Iguaçu 26260-045, RJ, Brazil;
- Oral Surgery Department, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jose Calasans-Maia
- Orthodontics Department, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, RJ, Brazil;
| | | | | | - Mônica Diuana Calasans-Maia
- Clinical Research Laboratory in Dentistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, RJ, Brazil
- Oral Surgery Department, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-140, RJ, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-98153-5884
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Sato A, Kawabata H, Aizawa H, Tsujino T, Isobe K, Watanabe T, Kitamura Y, Miron RJ, Kawase T. Distribution and quantification of activated platelets in platelet-rich fibrin matrices. Platelets 2020; 33:110-115. [PMID: 33284725 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1856359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has been widely applied in regenerative therapy owing to its simple preparation protocol. To date, the original protocol for preparing leukocyte-rich (L)-PRF has been modified to produce derivatives such as advanced (A)-PRF, concentrated growth factors (CGF), and horizontal (H)-PRF. However, these derivatives have not been rigorously compared to explore possible differences. We previously developed and validated a nondestructive near-infrared (NIR) imaging method to quantitatively examine the platelet distribution in PRF matrices. To further evaluate the characteristics of platelets in PRF, we herein examined the distribution of activated platelets. Four types of PRF matrices were prepared under different centrifugal conditions from blood samples obtained from the same healthy donors. After fixation and compression, the matrices were stained immunohistochemically without sectioning and visualized using an NIR imager. Qualitative morphological analysis revealed that whole platelets were distributed widely and homogeneously in H-PRF and A-PRF, but localized along the distal tube surface in L-PRF and CGF. Activated platelets were distributed as were whole platelets in A-PRF, L-PRF, and CGF, but localized mainly in the "buffy coat" region in H-PRF. Quantitative analysis revealed that there was no significant difference in the ratio of activated to whole platelets between PRF derivatives. These findings suggest that platelet activation is similarly induced in fibrin matrices regardless of centrifugal speed or rotor angulation. However, only the H-PRF group was distinguishable from the other PRF derivatives in terms of activated platelet distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Sato
- Collaborative Research Group, Tokyo Plastic Dental Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Kawabata
- Implant Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Dental Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hachidai Aizawa
- Collaborative Research Group, Tokyo Plastic Dental Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Tsujino
- Collaborative Research Group, Tokyo Plastic Dental Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushige Isobe
- Collaborative Research Group, Tokyo Plastic Dental Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taisuke Watanabe
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kitamura
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Matsumoto Dental University Hospital, Shiojiri, Japan
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tomoyuki Kawase
- Division of Oral Bioengineering, Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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Liquid Platelet-Rich Fibrin and Heat-Coagulated Albumin Gel: Bioassays for TGF-β Activity. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13163466. [PMID: 32781631 PMCID: PMC7475845 DOI: 10.3390/ma13163466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liquid platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) can be prepared by high centrifugation forces separating the blood into a platelet-poor plasma (PPP) layer and a cell-rich buffy coat layer, termed concentrated PRF (C-PRF). Heating the liquid PPP was recently introduced to prepare an albumin gel (Alb-gel) that is later mixed back with the concentrated liquid C-PRF to generate Alb-PRF. PRF is a rich source of TGF-β activity; however, the overall TGF-β activity in the PPP and the impact of heating the upper plasma layer remains unknown. Here, we investigated for the first time the in vitro TGF-β activity of all fractions of Alb-PRF. We report that exposure of oral fibroblasts with lysates of PPP and the buffy coat layer, but not with heated PPP, provoked a robust increase in the TGF-β target genes interleukin 11 and NADPH oxidase 4 by RT-PCR, and for IL11 by immunoassay. Consistent with the activation of TGF-β signaling, expression changes were blocked in the presence of the TGF-β receptor type I kinase inhibitor SB431542. Immunofluorescence and Western blot further confirmed that lysates of PPP and the buffy coat layer, but not heated PPP, induced the nuclear translocation of Smad2/3 and increased phosphorylation of Smad3. The immunoassay further revealed that PPP and particularly BC are rich in active TGF-β compared to heated PPP. These results strengthen the evidence that not only the cell-rich C-PRF but also PPP comprise a TGF-β activity that is, however, heat sensitive. It thus seems relevant to mix the heated PPP with the buffy coat C-PRF layer to regain TGF-β activity, as proposed during the preparation of Alb-PRF.
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30
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The Platelet Concentrates Therapy: From the Biased Past to the Anticipated Future. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:bioengineering7030082. [PMID: 32751638 PMCID: PMC7552713 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7030082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultimate goal of research on platelet concentrates (PCs) is to develop a more predictable PC therapy. Because platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a representative PC, was identified as a possible therapeutic agent for bone augmentation in the field of oral surgery, PRP and its derivative, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), have been increasingly applied in a regenerative medicine. However, a rise in the rate of recurrence (e.g., in tendon and ligament injuries) and adverse (or nonsignificant) clinical outcomes associated with PC therapy have raised fundamental questions regarding the validity of the therapy. Thus, rigorous evidence obtained from large, high-quality randomized controlled trials must be presented to the concerned regulatory authorities of individual countries or regions. For the approval of the regulatory authorities, clinicians and research investigators should understand the real nature of PCs and PC therapy (i.e., adjuvant therapy), standardize protocols of preparation (e.g., choice of centrifuges and tubes) and clinical application (e.g., evaluation of recipient conditions), design bias-minimized randomized clinical trials, and recognize superfluous brand competitions that delay sound progress. In this review, we retrospect the recent past of PC research, reconfirm our ultimate goals, and discuss what will need to be done in future.
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