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Ji L, Cui P, Zhou S, Qiu L, Huang H, Wang C, Wang J. Advances of Amifostine in Radiation Protection: Administration and Delivery. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5383-5395. [PMID: 37747899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Amifostine (AMF, also known as WR-2721) is the only approved broad-spectrum small-molecule radiation protection agent that can combat hematopoietic damage caused by ionizing radiation and is used as an antitumor adjuvant and cell protector in cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Amifostine is usually injected intravenously before chemotherapy or radiotherapy and has been used in the treatment of head and neck cancer. However, the inconvenient intravenous administration and its toxic side effects such as hypotension have severely limited its further application in clinic. In order to reduce the toxic and side effects, scientists are trying to develop a variety of drug administration methods and are devoted to developing a wide application of amifostine in radiation protection. This paper reviews the research progress of amifostine for radiation protection in recent years, discusses its mechanism of action, clinical application, and other aspects, with focus on summarizing the most widely studied amifostine injection administration and drug delivery systems, and explored the correlation between various administrations and drug efficacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
- School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengfei Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuwen Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai Huang
- School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianhao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
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Liu Y, Wang C, Liu R, Zhao M, Ding X, Zhang T, He R, Zhu S, Dong X, Xie J, Gu Z, Zhao Y. Adhesive Ergothioneine Hyaluronate Gel Protects against Radiation Gastroenteritis by Alleviating Apoptosis, Inflammation, and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:19833-19846. [PMID: 37052616 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c23142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Radiation gastroenteritis represents one of the most prevalent and hazardous complications of abdominopelvic radiotherapy, which not only severely reduces patients' life quality but also restricts radiotherapy efficacy. However, there is currently no clinically available oral radioprotector for this threatening disease due to its complex pathogenesis and the harsh gastrointestinal environment. To this end, this study developed a facile but effective oral radioprotector, ergothioneine hyaluronate (EGT@HA) gel, protecting against radiation gastroenteritis by synergistically regulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota. In vitro and cellular experiments verified the chemical stability and free radical scavenging ability of EGT and its favorable cellular radioprotective efficacy by inhibiting intracellular reactive oxidative species (ROS) generation, DNA damage, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis. At the in vivo level, EGT@HA with prolonged gastrointestinal residence mitigated radiation-induced gastrointestinal tissue injury, apoptosis, neutrophil infiltration, and gut flora dysbiosis. For the first time, this work investigated the protective effects of EGT@HA gel on radiation gastroenteritis, which not only hastens the advancement of the novel gastrointestinal radioprotector but also provides a valuable gastrointestinal radioprotection paradigm by synergistically modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chengyan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruixue Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Maoru Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuefeng Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tingjun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rendong He
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinghua Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiani Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- China School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Li Y, Wu X, Pei Y, Wang Z, Wang C, Hua D. Recent advances on macromolecular medicinal materials for radioprotection. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Microalgae-based oral microcarriers for gut microbiota homeostasis and intestinal protection in cancer radiotherapy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1413. [PMID: 35301299 PMCID: PMC8931093 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28744-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Protecting the whole small intestine from radiation-induced intestinal injury during the radiotherapy of abdominal or pelvic solid tumors remains an unmet clinical need. Amifostine is a promising selective radioprotector for normal tissues. However, its oral application in intestinal radioprotection remains challenging. Herein, we use microalga Spirulina platensis as a microcarrier of Amifostine to construct an oral delivery system. The system shows comprehensive drug accumulation and effective radioprotection in the whole small intestine that is significantly superior to free drug and its enteric capsule, preventing the radiation-induced intestine injury and prolonging the survival without influencing the tumor regression. It also shows benefits on the gut microbiota homeostasis and long-term safety. Based on a readily available natural microcarrier, this work presents a convenient oral delivery system to achieve effective radioprotection for the whole small intestine, providing a competitive strategy with great clinical translation potential.
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Pan Y, Tang W, Fan W, Zhang J, Chen X. Development of nanotechnology-mediated precision radiotherapy for anti-metastasis and radioprotection. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:9759-9830. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01145f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT), including external beam RT and internal radiation therapy, uses high-energy ionizing radiation to kill tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Wei Tang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Diagnostic Radiology, Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Faculty of Science and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117544, Singapore
| | - Wenpei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
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Xie J, Zhao M, Wang C, Yong Y, Gu Z, Zhao Y. Rational Design of Nanomaterials for Various Radiation-Induced Diseases Prevention and Treatment. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001615. [PMID: 33506624 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Radiation treatments often unfavorably damage neighboring healthy organs and cause a series of radiation sequelae, such as radiation-induced hematopoietic system diseases, radiation-induced gastrointestinal diseases, radiation-induced lung diseases, and radiation-induced skin diseases. Recently, emerging nanomaterials have exhibited good superiority for these radiation-induced disease treatments. Given this background, the rational design principle of nanomaterials, which helps to optimize the therapeutic efficiency, has been an increasing need. Consequently, it is of great significance to perform a systematic summarization of the advances in this field, which can trigger the development of new high-performance nanoradioprotectors with drug efficiency maximization. Herein, this review highlights the advances and perspectives in the rational design of nanomaterials for preventing and treating various common radiation-induced diseases. Furthermore, the sources, clinical symptoms, and pathogenesis/injury mechanisms of these radiation-induced diseases will also be introduced. Furthermore, current challenges and directions for future efforts in this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Xie
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Chengdu University Chengdu 610106 China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Maoru Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Chengyan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yuan Yong
- College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering Southwest Minzu University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology Guangdong 510700 China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology Guangdong 510700 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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Yu X, Li M, Zhu L, Li J, Zhang G, Fang R, Wu Z, Jin Y. Amifostine-loaded armored dissolving microneedles for long-term prevention of ionizing radiation-induced injury. Acta Biomater 2020; 112:87-100. [PMID: 32450231 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Amifostine is a cytoprotective agent against the hematopoietic damage induced by ionizing radiation, although the intravenous injection of amifostine is a unique administration method with strict dosing time limitation. Hence, the fields of application of amifostine are greatly limited. Here, we developed an amifostine-loaded armored microneedle (AAMN) with long-term prevention of hematopoietic injury induced by ionizing radiation. First, amifostine-loaded hyaluronic acid microneedles (AMNs) were fabricated, and the AMNs were then dipped in an N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) solution followed by ultraviolet (UV) photocuring to obtain AAMNs. AAMNs were nail-shaped with much higher mechanical strength compared to the conical shape and weak strength of AMNs, which was verified by their in silico simulation. In the in vitro release experiment, more than 55% of amifostine was released from AAMNs within 10 min, and 95% was released in 60 min. Drug skin permeation of AAMNs was also high, at twice that of AMNs. AAMNs provided long-term protection of the hematopoietic system from radiation within 3-7 h pre-radiation compared to the unique amifostine injection 0.5 h pre-radiation because topical application of AAMNs led to the long-term maintenance of the in vivo effective drug concentration. More importantly, AAMNs led to the survival of all irradiated mice due to intravenous amifostine. AAMNs are a promising transdermal delivery system of amifostine for long-term protection against ionizing radiation-induced injury. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: An amifostine-loaded dissolving armored microneedle (AAMN) patch is developed for long-term prevention of ionizing radiation-induced injury. High drug loads in microneedles (MNs) with adequate mechanical strength is a challenge. We fabricated armors on the surface of high amifostine-loaded hyaluronic acid microneedles (AMNs) by dipping the tips of AMNs in N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) solutions and then subjecting them to UV irradiation, and high-strength armored AMNs (AAMNs) were obtained. AAMNs show deeper skin insertion and much higher drug permeation than AMNs. The controlled drug release from AAMNs in the mouse skins provides a long-term protection of radiation-induced injury with 3-7 h administration pre-radiation compared to the merely 0.5-h point of amifostine injection.
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Lin X, Wang X, Tian H. Oral delivery of WR-1065 by ROS-responsive PEG-PCL nanoparticles for radioprotection. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Lin X, Miao L, Wang X, Tian H. Design and evaluation of pH-responsive hydrogel for oral delivery of amifostine and study on its radioprotective effects. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 195:111200. [PMID: 32623053 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a novel pH-sensitive hydrogel which was used to regulate the acute radiation syndrome (ARS). The hydrogel was fabricated by grafting polycaprolactone onto methacrylic acid copolymer (MAC-g-PCL). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) confirmed the obtaining of MAC-g-PCL hydrogel. The hydrogel was pH-sensitive, at pH 1.2, it was compact hydrogel, but at pH7.4, it was dissolved solution. Its inner 3D morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Cell experiments indicated that the MAC-g-PCL hyrogel was out of cytotoxicity. The release profile of amifostine showed that small amount drug release in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2) and burst release in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4). Thus, the pH-sensitive hydrogels could protect amifostine from enzymatic degradation in acidic stomach and deliver effectively in the intestine. The radioprotective efficacy was determined by peripheral complete blood parameters and 30-day survival study in mice acutely exposed to 4 Gy γ-ray total body irradiation. Results suggested that oral administration MAC-g-PCL/Ami before total body irradiation protected the mice from hematopoietic ARS and enhanced their survival. Furthermore, in vivo bio-distribution studies indicated that the drug could be sustained delivered at intestinal tract and entered the bloodstream. These results demonstrated that oral administration of amifostine hydrogel provided effective radioprotection to reduce the ARS injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Lin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Longfei Miao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongqi Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
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Singh VK, Seed TM. The efficacy and safety of amifostine for the acute radiation syndrome. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2019; 18:1077-1090. [PMID: 31526195 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2019.1666104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: A radiation countermeasure that can be used prior to radiation exposure to protect the population from the harmful effects of radiation exposure remains a major unmet medical need and is recognized as an important area for research. Despite substantial advances in the research and development for finding nontoxic, safe, and effective prophylactic countermeasures for the acute radiation syndrome (ARS), no such agent has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Area covered: Despite the progress made to improve the effectiveness of amifostine as a radioprotector for ARS, none of the strategies have resolved the issue of its toxicity/side effects. Thus, the FDA has approved amifostine for limited clinical indications, but not for non-clinical uses. This article reviews recent strategies and progress that have been made to move forward this potentially useful countermeasure for ARS. Expert opinion: Although the recent investigations have been promising for fielding safe and effective radiation countermeasures, additional work is needed to improve and advance drug design and delivery strategies to get FDA approval for broadened, non-clinical use of amifostine during a radiological/nuclear scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay K Singh
- Division of Radioprotectants, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda , MD , USA.,Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda , MD , USA
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Popović J, Klajn A, Paunesku T, Ma Q, Chen S, Lai B, Stevanović M, Woloschak GE. Neuroprotective Role of Selected Antioxidant Agents in Preventing Cisplatin-Induced Damage of Human Neurons In Vitro. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 39:619-636. [PMID: 30874981 PMCID: PMC6535150 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00667-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a side effect of platinum-based chemotherapy and decreases the quality of life of cancer patients. We compared neuroprotective properties of several agents using an in vitro model of terminally differentiated human cells NT2-N derived from cell line NT2/D1. Sodium azide and an active metabolite of amifostine (WR1065) increase cell viability in simultaneous treatment with cisplatin. In addition, WR1065 protects the non-dividing neurons by decreasing cisplatin caused oxidative stress and apoptosis. Accumulation of Pt in cisplatin-treated cells was heterogeneous, but the frequency and concentration of Pt in cells were lowered in the presence of WR1065 as shown by X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM). Transition metals accumulation accompanied Pt increase in cells; this effect was equally diminished in the presence of WR1065. To analyze possible chemical modulation of Pt-DNA bonds, we examined the platinum LIII near edge spectrum by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The spectrum found in cisplatin-DNA samples is altered differently by the addition of either WR1065 or sodium azide. Importantly, a similar change in Pt edge spectra was noted in cells treated with cisplatin and WR1065. Therefore, amifostine should be reconsidered as a candidate for treatments that reduce or prevent CIPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Popović
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11010, Serbia
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Andrijana Klajn
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11010, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Paunesku
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Qing Ma
- DND CAT, Northwestern Synchrotron Research Center at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Si Chen
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Barry Lai
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Milena Stevanović
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11010, Serbia.
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
| | - Gayle E Woloschak
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Molkentine JM, Fujimoto TN, Horvath TD, Grossberg AJ, Garcia CJG, Deorukhkar A, de la Cruz Bonilla M, Lin D, Samuel ELG, Chan WK, Lorenzi PL, Piwnica-Worms H, Dantzer R, Tour JM, Mason KA, Taniguchi CM. Enteral Activation of WR-2721 Mediates Radioprotection and Improved Survival from Lethal Fractionated Radiation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1949. [PMID: 30760738 PMCID: PMC6374382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Unresectable pancreatic cancer is almost universally lethal because chemotherapy and radiation cannot completely stop the growth of the cancer. The major problem with using radiation to approximate surgery in unresectable disease is that the radiation dose required to ablate pancreatic cancer exceeds the tolerance of the nearby duodenum. WR-2721, also known as amifostine, is a well-known radioprotector, but has significant clinical toxicities when given systemically. WR-2721 is a prodrug and is converted to its active metabolite, WR-1065, by alkaline phosphatases in normal tissues. The small intestine is highly enriched in these activating enzymes, and thus we reasoned that oral administration of WR-2721 just before radiation would result in localized production of the radioprotective WR-1065 in the small intestine, providing protective benefits without the significant systemic side effects. Here, we show that oral WR-2721 is as effective as intraperitoneal WR-2721 in promoting survival of intestinal crypt clonogens after morbid irradiation. Furthermore, oral WR-2721 confers full radioprotection and survival after lethal upper abdominal irradiation of 12.5 Gy × 5 fractions (total of 62.5 Gy, EQD2 = 140.6 Gy). This radioprotection enables ablative radiation therapy in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer and nearly triples the median survival compared to controls. We find that the efficacy of oral WR-2721 stems from its selective accumulation in the intestine, but not in tumors or other normal tissues, as determined by in vivo mass spectrometry analysis. Thus, we demonstrate that oral WR-2721 is a well-tolerated, and quantitatively selective, radioprotector of the intestinal tract that is capable of enabling clinically relevant ablative doses of radiation to the upper abdomen without unacceptable gastrointestinal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Molkentine
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, United States of America
| | - Tara N Fujimoto
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, United States of America
| | - Thomas D Horvath
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, United States of America
| | - Aaron J Grossberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, United States of America
- Department of Symptoms Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Carolina J Garcia Garcia
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, United States of America
| | - Amit Deorukhkar
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, United States of America
| | - Marimar de la Cruz Bonilla
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, United States of America
| | - Daniel Lin
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, United States of America
| | - Errol L G Samuel
- Department of Chemistry, Smalley-Curl Institute and the NanoCarbon Center, and Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Wai Kin Chan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, United States of America
| | - Philip L Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, United States of America
| | - Helen Piwnica-Worms
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, United States of America
| | - Robert Dantzer
- Department of Symptoms Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - James M Tour
- Department of Chemistry, Smalley-Curl Institute and the NanoCarbon Center, and Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kathryn A Mason
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, United States of America
| | - Cullen M Taniguchi
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, United States of America.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, United States of America.
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Xie J, Wang C, Zhao F, Gu Z, Zhao Y. Application of Multifunctional Nanomaterials in Radioprotection of Healthy Tissues. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800421. [PMID: 30019546 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy has been extensively used in clinic for malignant tumors treatment. However, a severe challenge of it is that the ionizing radiation needed to kill tumors inevitably causes damage to surrounding normal tissues. Although some of the molecular radioprotective drugs, such as amifostine, have been used as clinical adjuvants to radio-protect healthy tissues, their shortcomings such as short systemic circulation time and fast biological clearing from the body largely hinder the sustained bioactivity. Recently, with the rapid development of nanotechnology in the biological field, the multifunctional nanomaterials not only establish powerful drug delivery systems to improve the molecular radioprotective drugs' biological availability, but also open a new route to develop neozoic radioprotective agents because some nanoparticles possess intrinsic radioprotective abilities. Therefore, considering these overwhelming superiorities, this review systematically summarizes the advances in healthy tissue radioprotection applications of multifunctional nanomaterials. Furthermore, this review also points out a perspective of nanomaterial designs for radioprotection applications and discusses the challenges and future outlooks of the nanomaterial-mediated radioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; Institute of High Energy Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Chengyan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; Institute of High Energy Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Feng Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; Institute of High Energy Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; Institute of High Energy Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; Institute of High Energy Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
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Nguyen MH, Pham ND, Dong B, Nguyen THN, Bui CB, Hadinoto K. Radioprotective activity of curcumin-encapsulated liposomes against genotoxicity caused by Gamma Cobalt-60 irradiation in human blood cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2017; 93:1267-1273. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2017.1380329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Hiep Nguyen
- Radiation Technology Center, Nuclear Research Institute, Dalat City, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc-Duy Pham
- Biotechnology Center, Nuclear Research Institute, Dalat City, Vietnam
| | - Bingxue Dong
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | | | - Chi-Bao Bui
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Hochiminh City, Hochiminh City, Vietnam
| | - Kunn Hadinoto
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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15
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Feliciano CP, Tsuboi K, Suzuki K, Kimura H, Nagasaki Y. Long-term bioavailability of redox nanoparticles effectively reduces organ dysfunctions and death in whole-body irradiated mice. Biomaterials 2017; 129:68-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Kheradmand A, Nayebi AM, Jorjani M, Khalifeh S, Haddadi R. Effects of WR1065 on 6-hydroxydopamine-induced motor imbalance: Possible involvement of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. Neurosci Lett 2016; 627:7-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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17
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Yang X, Ding Y, Ji T, Zhao X, Wang H, Zhao X, Zhao R, Wei J, Qi S, Nie G. Improvement of the in vitro safety profile and cytoprotective efficacy of amifostine against chemotherapy by PEGylation strategy. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 108:11-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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18
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A G, Ren L, Zhou Z, Lu D, Wang S. Design and evaluation of biodegradable enteric microcapsules of amifostine for oral delivery. Int J Pharm 2013; 453:441-7. [PMID: 23796837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Amifostine is the first FDA approved cytoprotective and chemoprotective agent in the treatment of cancer. However, it is not used widely because of its ineffectiveness when administered orally. The objective of this study was to prepare and evaluate the radioprotective efficacy of orally active amifostine enteric microcapsules (amifostine mc). The microcapsules were prepared by spray drying technique using Eudragit L100-55, and the yield was more than 80%. The particle size and surface morphology were determined by particle analyzer and scanning electron microscopy. Thermal characterization and infrared spectroscopy were evaluated as well. In vitro release assay found that more than 60% amifostine was released during the first 4h and the cumulative release ratio was up to approximately 90% in 24h at 37°C. The radioprotective efficacy was determined by 30-day survival study in mice acutely exposed to 6 Gy γ-ray irradiation. The results showed that all dose groups of amifostine microcapsules could significantly improve survival animal numbers and time. Furthermore, tissue distribution studies indicated the concentrations of the active metabolite WR-1065 in mice tissues of microcapsule group were higher than that of oral amifostine group at 180 min (p<0.01). These results demonstrated that oral administration of amifostine microcapsules provided effective radioprotection compared to the bulk drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gula A
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, PR China
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Koukourakis MI. Radiation damage and radioprotectants: new concepts in the era of molecular medicine. Br J Radiol 2012; 85:313-30. [PMID: 22294702 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/16386034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to ionising radiation results in mutagenesis and cell death, and the clinical manifestations depend on the dose and the involved body area. Reducing carcinogenesis in patients treated with radiotherapy, exposed to diagnostic radiation or who are in certain professional groups is mandatory. The prevention or treatment of early and late radiotherapy effects would improve quality of life and increase cancer curability by intensifying therapies. Experimental and clinical data have given rise to new concepts and a large pool of chemical and molecular agents that could be effective in the protection and treatment of radiation damage. To date, amifostine is the only drug recommended as an effective radioprotectant. This review identifies five distinct types of radiation damage (I, cellular depletion; II, reactive gene activation; III, tissue disorganisation; IV, stochastic effects; V, bystander effects) and classifies the radioprotective agents into five relevant categories (A, protectants against all types of radiation effects; B, death pathway modulators; C, blockers of inflammation, chemotaxis and autocrine/paracrine pathways; D, antimutagenic keepers of genomic integrity; E, agents that block bystander effects). The necessity of establishing and funding central committees that guide systematic clinical research into evaluating the novel agents revealed in the era of molecular medicine is stressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Koukourakis
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
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Zhang L, Sun W, Wang J, Zhang M, Yang S, Tian Y, Vidyasagar S, Peña LA, Zhang K, Cao Y, Yin L, Wang W, Zhang L, Schaefer KL, Saubermann LJ, Swarts SG, Fenton BM, Keng PC, Okunieff P. Mitigation effect of an FGF-2 peptide on acute gastrointestinal syndrome after high-dose ionizing radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010; 77:261-8. [PMID: 20394858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2009] [Revised: 11/05/2009] [Accepted: 11/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute gastrointestinal syndrome (AGS) resulting from ionizing radiation causes death within 7 days. Currently, no satisfactory agent exists for mitigation of AGS. A peptide derived from the receptor binding domain of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-P) was synthesized and its mitigation effect on AGS was examined. METHODS AND MATERIALS A subtotal body irradiation (sub-TBI) model was created to induce gastrointestinal (GI) death while avoiding bone marrow death. After 10.5 to 16 Gy sub-TBI, mice received an intramuscular injection of FGF-P (10 mg/kg/day) or saline (0.2 ml/day) for 5 days; survival (frequency and duration) was measured. Crypt cells and their proliferation were assessed by hematoxylin, eosin, and BrdU staining. In addition, GI hemoccult score, stool formation, and plasma levels of endotoxin, insulin, amylase, interleukin (IL)-6, keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC) monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were evaluated. RESULTS Treatment with FGF-P rescued a significant fraction of four strains of mice (33-50%) exposed to a lethal dose of sub-TBI. Use of FGF-P improved crypt survival and repopulation and partially preserved or restored GI function. Furthermore, whereas sub-TBI increased plasma endotoxin levels and several pro-inflammation cytokines (IL-6, KC, MCP-1, and TNF-alpha), FGF-P reduced these adverse responses. CONCLUSIONS The study data support pursuing FGF-P as a mitigator for AGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lurong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642-8647, USA
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