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Wang L, Hu Z, Hu M, Zhao J, Zhou P, Zhang Y, Zheng X, Zhang Y, Hu ZT, Pan Z. Cometabolic biodegradation system employed subculturing photosynthetic bacteria: A new degradation pathway of 4-chlorophenol in hypersaline wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 361:127670. [PMID: 35878775 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
4-chlorophenol (4-CP) as a toxic persistent pollutant is quite difficult treatment by using traditional biological processes. Herein, photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) driven cometabolic biodegradation system associated with exogeneous carbon sources (e.g., sodium acetate) has been demonstrated as an effective microbial technique. The biodegradation rate (ri) can be at 0.041 d-1 with degradation efficiency of 93% in 3094 lx. Through the study of subculturing PSB in absence of NaCl, it was found that 50% inoculation time can be saved but keeping a similar 4-CP biodegradation efficiency in scale-up salinity system. A new plausible biodegradation pathway for 4-CP in 4th G PSB cometabolic system is proposed based on the detected cyclohexanone generation followed by ring opening. It is probably ascribed to the increasement of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes at phyla level classified based on microbial community. This study contributes to a new insight into cometabolic technology for chlorophenol treatment in industrial hypersaline wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Zhongce Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Mian Hu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Peijie Zhou
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Yongjie Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Xin Zheng
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- Department of Environmental & Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Zhong-Ting Hu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Zhiyan Pan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China.
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Lu H, Zhang G, He S, Zhao R, Zhu D. Purple non-sulfur bacteria technology: a promising and potential approach for wastewater treatment and bioresources recovery. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:161. [PMID: 34436687 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03133-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Shortage of water, energy, and bioresources in the world has led to the exploration of new technologies that achieve resource recovery from wastewater, which has become a new sustainable trend. Photosynthetic non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB), the most ancient photo microorganism, not only treats different wastewater types, but also generates PNSB cells, which are non-toxic bioresources and containing many value-added products. These bioresources can be used as raw materials in the agricultural, food, and medical industries. Therefore, PNSB or PNSB-based wastewater resource recovery technology can be simultaneously used to treat wastewater and produce useful bioresources. Compared with traditional wastewater treatment, this technology can reduce CO2 emissions, promote the N recovery ratio and prevent residual sludge disposal or generation. After being developed for over half a century, PNSB wastewater resource recovery technology is currently extended towards industrial applications. Here, this technology is comprehensively introduced in terms of (1) PNSB characteristics and metabolism; (2) PNSB wastewater treatment and bioresource recovery efficiency; (3) the relative factors influencing the performance of this technology, including light, oxygen, strains, wastewater types, hydraulic retention time, on wastewater treatment, and resource production; (4) PNSB value-added bioresources and their generation from wastewater; (5) the scale-up history of PNSB technology; (6) Finally, the future perspectives and challenges of this technology were also analysed and summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Lu
- College of Water Resource and Civil Engineering, China Agriculture University, Beijing, 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, China Academy of Science, Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100084, China. .,School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China.
| | - Shichao He
- College of Water Resource and Civil Engineering, China Agriculture University, Beijing, 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ruihan Zhao
- College of Water Resource and Civil Engineering, China Agriculture University, Beijing, 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Da Zhu
- Nan Tong Ju Yi Cheng Guang Biotechnology Co. LTD., Nantong, 226321, China
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Lu B, Wang L, Zheng X, Hu Z, Pan Z. Co-metabolic biodegradation of 4-chlorophenol by photosynthetic bacteria. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:2361-2371. [PMID: 31846595 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1701567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTEnvironmental contamination by 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) is a major concern. Photosynthetic bacteria have the ability to biodegrade 4-CP under dark aerobic conditions. In this study, we found that using different carbon sources (i.e. glucose, sodium acetate, sodium propionate sucrose, and malic acid) as co-metabolic substrates accelerated the biodegradation of 4-CP, and this acceleration was especially pronounced in the glucose treatment. A maximum degradation rate of 96.99% was reached under a concentration of 3.0 g·L-1 after 6 days of culture. The optimum conditions were pH 7.5, a temperature of 30°C, and a rotation speed of 135 rpm. The biodegradation of 4-CP was achieved at a range of salinities (0-3.0% NaCl, w/v). The biodegradation kinetics agreed with the Haldane model, and the kinetic constants were rmax = 0.14 d-1, Km = 33.9 mg·L-1, and Ki = 159.6 mg·L-1. Additionally, the coexistence of phenol or 2,4-dichlorophenol (2, 4-DCP) had a certain impact on the degradation of 4-CP under dark aerobic conditions. When the coexisting phenol concentration reached 100 mg·L-1, the maximum degradation rate of 4-CP reached 90.20%. The degradation rate of 4-CP decreased as the concentration of coexisting 2, 4-DCP increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binchao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zheng
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongce Hu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyan Pan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Chen J, Wei J, Ma C, Yang Z, Li Z, Yang X, Wang M, Zhang H, Hu J, Zhang C. Photosynthetic bacteria-based technology is a potential alternative to meet sustainable wastewater treatment requirement? ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 137:105417. [PMID: 32120141 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A paradigm shift is underway in wastewater treatment from pollution removal to resource or energy recovery. However, conventional activated sludge (CAS) as the core technology of wastewater treatment is confronted with severe challenges on high energy consumption, sludge disposal and inevitable greenhouse gas emission, which are posing a serious impact on the current wastewater industry. It is urgent to find new alternative methods to remedy these defects. Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) have flexible metabolic modes and high tolerance, which enhance the removal of nutrients, heavy metals and organic contaminants efficiency in different wastewater. The unique phototrophic growth of PSB breaks the restriction of nutrient metabolism in the CAS system. Recent studies have shown that PSB-based technologies can not only achieve the recovery of nutrient and energy, but also improve the degradation efficiency of refractory substances. If the application parameters can be determined, there will be great prospects and economic effects. This review summarizes the research breakthroughs and application promotion of PSB-based wastewater treatment technology in recent years. Comparing discussed the superiority and inferiority from the perspective of application range, performance differences and recovery possibility. Pathways involved in the nutrient substance and the corresponding influencing parameters are also described in detail. The mode of PSB biodegradation processes presented a promising alternative for new wastewater treatment scheme. In the future, more mechanical and model studies, deterministic operating parameters, revolutionary process design is need for large-scale industrial promotion of PSB-based wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chi Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zhongzhu Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zihao Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Mingsheng Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Huaqing Zhang
- Qinglin Environmental Protection Co. Ltd., Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Jiawei Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China.
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Saejung C, Salasook P. Recycling of sugar industry wastewater for single-cell protein production with supplemental carotenoids. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:59-70. [PMID: 29923780 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1491633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The bioconversion of sugar-industry wastewater to value-added products is a prominent topic in biotechnology. This work cultured a carotenoid-producing photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodopseudomonas faecalis, in a photo-bioreactor containing different wastewater from wastewater treatment ponds of a Thai sugar company. The cultivated R. faecalis produced single cell protein (SCP) with supplemental carotenoids. The cultivation boosted the growth and dehydrogenase activity of R. faecalis from all wastewater sources, while significantly reducing the total sugar concentration. The cellular protein concentration and carotenoid production of R. faecalis was maximised in wastewater collected from anaerobic pond and secondary mechanically aerated pond, respectively. At the end of the cultivation, the chemical oxygen demand was reduced by 80% and the protein content in the dry biomass exceeded 50%, within the acceptable ranges of SCP production. The biomass contained all essential amino acids and the leucine and lysine proportions were above the SCP guideline values. This study reveals that sugar-industry wastewater can be recycled in SCP production with supplemental carotenoids. The SCP is a potential commercial product for the sugar industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chewapat Saejung
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Applied Taxonomic Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Pongsathorn Salasook
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Lu H, Zhang G, Zheng Z, Meng F, Du T, He S. Bio-conversion of photosynthetic bacteria from non-toxic wastewater to realize wastewater treatment and bioresource recovery: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 278:383-399. [PMID: 30683503 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Generating or recycling water and resources from wastewater other than just treating wastewater is one of the most popular trends worldwide. Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) wastewater treatment and resource recovery technology is one of the most potential methods. PSBs are non-toxic and contain lots of value-added products that can be utilized in the agricultural and food industries. They are effective to degrade pollutants and synthesize useful biomass, thus realizing wastewater treatment, bioresource production, and eliminating waste sludge. If all the nutrients in wastewaters could be bio-converted by PSB, then pollutant reductions and economic benefits would be achieved. This review paper firstly describes and summarizes this technology, including PSBs classification, metabolism, and the market application. The feasibility, technical procedures, bioreactors, pollutant removal, and bioresource production are also summarized, compared and evaluated. Issues that concern the advantages and industrialization of this technologies at the plant scale are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Lu
- College of Water Resource and Civil Engineering, China Agriculture University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Guangming Zhang
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Ziqiao Zheng
- Yantai Research Institute, China Agriculture University, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Fan Meng
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Taisheng Du
- College of Water Resource and Civil Engineering, China Agriculture University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shichao He
- College of Water Resource and Civil Engineering, China Agriculture University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
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Efficient Culture of Rhodopseudomonas Palustris Using Landfill Leachate. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.12.4.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Lu H, Han T, Zhang G, Ma S, Zhang Y, Li B, Cao W. Natural light-micro aerobic condition for PSB wastewater treatment: a flexible, simple, and effective resource recovery wastewater treatment process. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:74-82. [PMID: 28278105 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1296027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) have two sets of metabolic pathways. They can degrade pollutants through light metabolic under light-anaerobic or oxygen metabolic pathways under dark-aerobic conditions. Both metabolisms function under natural light-microaerobic condition, which demands less energy input. This work investigated the characteristics of PSB wastewater treatment process under that condition. Results showed that PSB had very strong adaptability to chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration; with F/M of 5.2-248.5 mg-COD/mg-biomass, the biomass increased three times and COD removal reached above 91.5%. PSB had both advantages of oxygen metabolism in COD removal and light metabolism in resource recovery under natural light-microaerobic condition. For pollutants' degradation, COD, total organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus removal reached 96.2%, 91.0%, 70.5%, and 92.7%, respectively. For resource recovery, 74.2% of C in wastewater was transformed into biomass. Especially, coexistence of light and oxygen promote N recovery ratio to 70.9%, higher than with the other two conditions. Further, 93.7% of N-removed was synthesized into biomass. Finally, CO2 emission reduced by 62.6% compared with the traditional process. PSB wastewater treatment under this condition is energy-saving, highly effective, and environment friendly, and can achieve pollution control and resource recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Lu
- a College of Water Resource and Civil Engineering , China Agriculture University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
- b Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment , Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , People's Republic of China
- c Beijing Engineering Research Center on Animal Healthy Environment , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Han
- a College of Water Resource and Civil Engineering , China Agriculture University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
- b Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment , Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , People's Republic of China
- c Beijing Engineering Research Center on Animal Healthy Environment , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- d School of Environment and Natural Resources , Renmin University of China , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- a College of Water Resource and Civil Engineering , China Agriculture University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
- b Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment , Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , People's Republic of China
- c Beijing Engineering Research Center on Animal Healthy Environment , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhui Zhang
- e Agricultural Engineering Sciences , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , IL , USA
| | - Baoming Li
- a College of Water Resource and Civil Engineering , China Agriculture University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
- b Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment , Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , People's Republic of China
- c Beijing Engineering Research Center on Animal Healthy Environment , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Cao
- a College of Water Resource and Civil Engineering , China Agriculture University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
- b Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment , Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , People's Republic of China
- c Beijing Engineering Research Center on Animal Healthy Environment , Beijing , People's Republic of China
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