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Rivera E, Mladenov N, Vasquez LA, McKenzie G, Gonzalez V. Low maintenance anammox enrichment and nitrogen removal with an anaerobic baffled reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 364:128047. [PMID: 36182018 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The stringent growth requirements of anammox bacteria may be a challenge for employing the anammox process for nutrient removal at household or decentralized scales, where low maintenance systems are more successful. Enrichment of anammox bacteria was achieved by 100 d using a lab-scale (32 L) anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR). Even though strict anaerobic conditions were not imposed, NH4-N and NO2-N removals of >90% were maintained after ∼100 d, with greatest removals observed in the first two chambers of the four-chamber ABR. Batch anammox activity tests and results of qPCR analyses confirmed the presence of anammox bacteria in all four ABR chambers. Changes in fluorescent peaks and indices supported that intracellular compounds from reactor biomass evolved along the ABR. The presence of denitrifiers, confirmed by qPCR, and lower NO2/NH4 ratios than predicted by stoichiometry indicated that nitrification-denitrification processes also may have contributed to the high N removal in the anammox ABR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Rivera
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, San Diego State University, USA
| | - Natalie Mladenov
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, San Diego State University, USA.
| | - Lilith Astete Vasquez
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, San Diego State University, USA; Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Grace McKenzie
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, San Diego State University, USA
| | - Vanessa Gonzalez
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, San Diego State University, USA
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2
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Gao D, Li Y, Liang H. Biofilm carriers for anaerobic ammonium oxidation: Mechanisms, applications, and roles in mainstream systems. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 353:127115. [PMID: 35395366 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) process was proposed as the most promising nitrogen removal process. Biofilm carriers were demonstrated to effectively enhance the anaerobic ammonium oxidating bacteria (AnAOB) retention. This paper reviews the effect of carrier properties on the AnAOB biofilm development according to the biofilm development process and the application state-of-art of three major kinds of conventional carriers, organic-based, inorganic-based carriers, and gel carriers, from the view of system performance and functional microorganisms. The carrier modification methods and purpose are thoroughly summarized and classified into three categories corresponding to various carrier defects. Four important aspects of the desirable carrier for the mainstream ANAMMOX process were proposed, including providing spatial configuration, enhancing the biomass retention, reinforcing the activity, and improving the growth environment, which needs to combine the advantages of organic and inorganic materials. Eventually, the future application directions of novel carriers for the ANAMMOX-based process were also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawen Gao
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Yuqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hong Liang
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
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3
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Wang J, Liang J, Ning D, Zhang T, Wang M. A review of biomass immobilization in anammox and partial nitrification/anammox systems: Advances, issues, and future perspectives. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 821:152792. [PMID: 35033568 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two biomass immobilization techniques; entrapment and carrier-based, attract increasing attention in anammox and partial nitrification/anammox (PN/A) systems. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the advances, outstanding issues, and future research directions in this field. The application of both entrapment and carrier-based biofilm immobilization for reactor start up, improving the nitrogen removal performance, and protecting autotrophic bacteria from environmental fluctuations in anammox and partial nitrification/anammox systems are summarized and discussed. The key characteristics of carriers for biomass immobilization are biocompatibility for supporting microbial growth, permeability for effective mass transfer, and physical/chemical stability for long-term use. Carriers without these characteristics must be improved and re-evaluated for their feasibility in applications. Lab-scale, pilot, and full-scale studies are needed to overcome the potential obstacles of preliminary studies, and to investigate the long-term performance of biomass immobilization techniques, especially using real wastewater as influent, which may introduce more complexity and threaten the carrier's immobilization. In addition, calculating the 'nitrogen removal rate normalized by the packing ratio of carriers (NRR-C)' in the immobilization system is strongly suggested to obtain a direct comparison of immobilization performance/limitations from different studies. This review will improve understanding of the major challenges of immobilization technology in anammox and PN/A systems and provide insights into the next-stage of research and full-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China; College of Horticulture, North West Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jidong Liang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Dingying Ning
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Tengge Zhang
- Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering and EMS Energy Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering and EMS Energy Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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Chen J, Lu Y, Huang W, Wu J, Li B, Zhang J. Effect of organic matter on the anammox performance of constructed rapid infiltration systems. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:1770-1782. [PMID: 33190628 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1850877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process was achieved in a constructed rapid infiltration (CRI) system and the effect of organic matter on the anammox performance and microbial community structure was investigated. The results showed that the removal efficiencies of NH4+-N, NO2-N and TN were 99.7 ± 0.3%, 99.8 ± 0.2% and 91.3 ± 0.2% respectively after 83 days of acclimation without the presence of organic matter in the influent. The average TN removal efficiency increased by 3.2%-7.7% due to the synergistic effect of anammox and denitrification at a low level of organic matter concentration (10-30 mg COD/L). At medium or high organic matter concentration (50-100 mg COD/L), denitrification gradually replaced anammox as the predominant nitrogen removal route due to its stronger ability to compete with substrate, resulting in a significant decline in anammox activity. The contribution rate of anammox to nitrogen removal dropped by 70.3% with the influent COD increased from 0 to 100 mg/L, and the TN removal efficiency decreased to 68.4 ± 3.6% since the anammox was seriously suppressed. 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis illustrated that the genus Candidatus Kuenenia was the predominant anammox bacteria (AAOB) with a relative abundance of 12.63% when no organic matter was applied. While the heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria (DNB) Thauera gradually dominated the community with the elevated organic matter introduction. The findings of this study provide useful information for the stable operation and optimal regulation of anammox in the CRI system when the influent contains organic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Chen
- School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixin Lu
- School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Huang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Juzhen Wu
- School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Binling Li
- School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqiang Zhang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Peng Z, Lei Y, Liu Y, Wan X, Yang B, Pan X. Fast start-up and reactivation of anammox process using polyurethane sponge. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Boada E, Santos-Clotas E, Cabrera-Codony A, Martín MJ, Bañeras L, Gich F. The core microbiome is responsible for volatile silicon and organic compounds degradation during anoxic lab scale biotrickling filter performance. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 798:149162. [PMID: 34333428 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Volatile silicon compounds present in the biogas of anaerobic digesters can cause severe problems in the energy recovery systems, inducing costly damages. Herein, the microbial community of a lab-scale biotrickling filter (BTF) was studied while testing its biodegradation capacity on octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5), in the presence of toluene, limonene and hexane. The reactor performance was tested at different empty bed residence times (EBRT) and packing materials. Community structure was analysed by bar-coded amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Microbial diversity and richness were higher in the inoculum and progressively decreased during BTF operation (Simpson's diversity index changing from 0.98-0.90 and Richness from 900 to 200 OTUs). Minimum diversity was found when reactor was operated at relatively low EBRT (7.3 min) using a multicomponent feed. The core community was composed of 36 OTUs (accounting for 55% of total sequences). Packing material played a key role in the community structure. Betaproteobacteriales were dominant in the presence of lava rock and were partially substituted by Corynebacteriales and Rhizobiales when activated carbon was added to the BTF. Despite these changes, a stable and resilient core microbiome was selected defining a set of potentially degrading bacteria for siloxane bioremoval as a complementary alternative to non-regenerative adsorption onto activated carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellana Boada
- Molecular Microbial Ecology Group (gEMM), Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Eric Santos-Clotas
- LEQUIA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Alba Cabrera-Codony
- LEQUIA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Maria J Martín
- LEQUIA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Lluís Bañeras
- Molecular Microbial Ecology Group (gEMM), Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Frederic Gich
- Molecular Microbial Ecology Group (gEMM), Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain.
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Chen H, Tu Z, Wu S, Yu G, Du C, Wang H, Yang E, Zhou L, Deng B, Wang D, Li H. Recent advances in partial denitrification-anaerobic ammonium oxidation process for mainstream municipal wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130436. [PMID: 33839386 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
To solve the bottleneck of the unstable accumulation of nitrite in the partial nitrification (PN)-anammox (AMX) in municipal wastewater treatment, a novel process called partial denitrification (PD)-AMX has been developed. PD-AMX, which is known for cost-efficiency and environmental friendliness, has currently exhibited a promising potential for the removal of biological nitrogen from municipal wastewater and has attracted much research interest regarding its process mechanisms, as well as its practical applications. Here, we review the recent advances in the PD process and its coupling to the anammox process, including the development, basic principles, main characteristics, and critical process parameters of the stable operation of the PD-AMX process. We also explore the microbial community and its characteristics in the system and summarize the knowledge of the dominant bacteria to clarify the key factors affecting PD-AMX. Then, we introduce the engineering feasibility and economic feasibility as well as the potential challenges of the process. The induction and implementation of partial denitrification and maintenance of mainstream anammox are critical issues to be urgently solved. Meanwhile, the implementation of a full mainstream anammox application remains burdensome, while the mechanism of partial denitrification coupled to anammox needs to be further studied. Additionally, stable operation performance and process control1 methods need to be optimized or developed for the PD-AMX system for better engineering practice. This review can help to accelerate the research and application of the PD-AMX process for municipal wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Zhi Tu
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Sha Wu
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Guanlong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Chunyan Du
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Enzhe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Hailong Li
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
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Sheng H, Weng R, Zhu J, He Y, Cao C, Huang M. Calcium nitrate as a bio-stimulant for anaerobic ammonium oxidation process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:143331. [PMID: 33189374 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the role of calcium nitrate as a bio-stimulant for anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process. The anaerobic sequencing batch reactor was firstly inoculated with malodorous river sediment and only fed with calcium nitrate until no marked endogenous release of ammonium in effluent (Phase 1). Subsequently, nitrite and ammonium were supplied to test the performance of anammox process (Phase 2). During the operation of Phase 1, the effluent ammonium increased firstly and then decreased. Additionally, continuous nitrite (about 1.54 mgN/L) was observed in the effluent. The microbial analysis showed the simultaneous increase of the relative abundance of heterotrophic denitrifier Denitratisoma and sulfur autotrophic denitrifier Thiobacillus from 0.15% to 5.37% and 0.21% to 4.19%, respectively. Besides, 15N isotopes trace and qPCR results showed that the contribution of anammox to total nitrogen (TN) removal increased from 3.07% to 27.6%, and that the anammox functional gene hzsB increased from 1.37 × 105 to 2.90 × 106 copies/g. These results indicated that calcium nitrate may induce partial mixotrophic denitrification (heterotrophic and sulfur autotrophic denitrification) to provide nitrite as electron acceptor for anammox, thus promoting the occurrence of anammox. In Phase 2, rapid ammonium and TN removal were accomplished in the initial operation with the reduction efficiency of 80.1% and 90.0%, respectively. The relative abundance of anammox bacteria Candidatus_Brocadia significantly increased from 0.01% to 7.15% during the operation of Phase 2. These findings further confirmed the above deduction. Taken together, calcium nitrate can be a promising bio-stimulant for anammox process by promoting the coupling of mixotrophic denitrification with anammox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sheng
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Eco-Chongming, Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Rui Weng
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Eco-Chongming, Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Eco-Chongming, Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yan He
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Eco-Chongming, Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Chengjin Cao
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Eco-Chongming, Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Minsheng Huang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Eco-Chongming, Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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Wu G, Zhang T, Gu M, Chen Z, Yin Q. Review of characteristics of anammox bacteria and strategies for anammox start-up for sustainable wastewater resource management. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 82:1742-1757. [PMID: 33201840 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater management has experienced different stages, including pollutant removal, resource recovery, and water nexus. Within these stages, anaerobic ammonia oxidation-based biotechnology can be incorporated for nitrogen removal, which can help achieve sustainable wastewater management, such as reclamation and ecologization of wastewater. Here, the physiology, metabolism, reaction kinetics and microbial interactions of anammox bacteria are discussed, and strategies to start-up the anammox system are presented. Anammox bacteria are slow growers with a high doubling time and a low reaction rate. Although most anammox bacteria grow autotrophically, some types can grow mixotrophically. The reaction stoichiometric coefficients can be affected by loading rates and other biological reactions. Microbial interactions also contribute to enhanced biological nitrogen removal and promote activities of anammox bacteria. The start-up of the anammox process is the key aspect for its practical application, which can be realized through seed selection, system stimulation, and biomass concentration enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxue Wu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China E-mail:
| | - Tianqi Zhang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China E-mail:
| | - Mengqi Gu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China E-mail:
| | - Zhuo Chen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qidong Yin
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China E-mail:
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Gupta HP, Arora S, Verma S, Daverey A. Evaluation of corncob as a bio-carrier for the enrichment of anammox bacteria using activated sludge as seed. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Tuyen N, Ryu J, Yae J, Kim H, Hong S, Ahn D. Nitrogen removal performance of anammox process with PVA–SA gel bead crosslinked with sodium sulfate as a biomass carrier. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Biochar carrier application for nitrogen removal of domestic WWTPs in winter: challenges and opportunities. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:9411-9418. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Choi M, Cho K, Lee S, Chung YC, Park J, Bae H. Effective seeding strategy using flat type poly (vinyl alcohol) cryogel for anammox enrichment. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 205:88-97. [PMID: 29684695 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, anammox enrichment reactors were operated using flat type poly (vinyl alcohol) cryogel (cryoPVAG) with precultured anammox bacteria (PAB) and activated sludge (AS) from an anoxic tack of the A2O process to evaluate the effect of different seeding sources on anammox enrichment. In addition, cryoPVAGs with different thicknesses (1, 2, and 3 mm) were used to investigate the effects of the thickness on anammox enrichment. The regression analysis with a modified Gompertz model showed that the start-up period of the anammox enrichment using PAB inoculum was approximately 14 days earlier than that of AS inoculum at a nitrogen loading rate of approximately 1 kg-N m-3 day-1. Substrate diffusion was limited in 3-mm cryoPVAG with respect to trend in nitrogen removal rate. Quantitative PCR analysis indicated that in the initial phase, the 16S rRNA gene copy numbers of anammox microorganism in cryoPVAG were significantly different according to the seeding source, but finally converged to a similar level after anammox enrichment. The anammox reaction was initially promoted by cryoPVAG. Next, anammox biomass detached from cryoPVAG and enriched in the bulk phase to maximize NRR. Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed that Candidatus Brocadia sinica led to the active anammox reaction, and its relative abundance decreased with increasing gel thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyu Choi
- Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungjin Cho
- Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seockheon Lee
- Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Chung
- Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhong Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyokwan Bae
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 63 Busandeahak-ro, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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