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Ščevková J, Tropeková M, Dušička J, Štefániková N, Žilka M, Zahradníková E, Kováč J, Mišíková K. Moss spores: overlooked airborne bioparticles in an urban environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:58010-58020. [PMID: 39305410 PMCID: PMC11467093 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-35028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
Moss spores are present in aerobiological samples, but their low representation, lack of known allergenic properties, and difficult identification have led to their being overlooked by aerobiologists so far. The data about their presence in the atmosphere and the factors that influence them are, however, important from the biodiversity conservation point of view, since they give us information about their ability to spread to new habitats. In this pilot study, we analysed their presence in the atmosphere of Bratislava city, Slovakia (2018-2023), using Burkard volumetric sampler, and determined the most significant factors influencing its temporal distribution. The size category of 13-18 µm was the most represented in the samples. Environmental factors influenced the daily spore concentrations and the characteristics of the whole spore season. The start of the Main Spore Season (MSS) depended mainly on the temperatures in November-January, initiating earlier growth of sporophytes in the following year, while the intensity of the MSS was influenced by high humidity in April, stimulating the formation of spores in sporangia. The daily concentration of airborne moss spores was mostly influenced by the actual temperature and wind speed, promoting the release and dispersal of spores, and precipitation lowering their levels due to the "wash-out" effect, although no intradiurnal pattern was observed. More data from other locations is needed to determine the role of atmospheric spore transport for the conservation of moss species facing anthropogenic climatic change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Ščevková
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Botany, Comenius University, Révová 39, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Tropeková
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Botany, Comenius University, Révová 39, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Jozef Dušička
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Botany, Comenius University, Révová 39, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Natália Štefániková
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Botany, Comenius University, Révová 39, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Matúš Žilka
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Botany, Comenius University, Révová 39, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Zahradníková
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Botany, Comenius University, Révová 39, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Kováč
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, 842 48, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarína Mišíková
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Botany, Comenius University, Révová 39, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Yazidi R, Yeddes W, Djebali K, Hammami M, Aidi-Wannes W, Ben Farhat M, Msaada K, Saidani Tounsi M. Optimizing prickly pear by-product valorization: formulating molasses with enhanced antioxidant capacities and sugar contents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38576270 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2337831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
This study endeavoured to capitalize on prickly pear by-products for the optimization of molasses formulation, targeting elevated antioxidant capacities and superior sugar contents. Through robust statistical modelling, the optimal cooking parameters-temperature (70-80 °C) and duration (60-90 min)-were determined, guided by responses of antioxidant activity and Brix value. A D-Optimal mixture design further delineated the ideal proportions of molasses components (pulp, peel, and seeds). Characterization revealed that peel harboured the highest concentrations of total polyphenols (396.41 mg GAE/100g FW) and flavonoids (234.26 mg CE/100g FW), emphasizing its antioxidant potential (DPPH inhibition IC50: 12.72 µg/ml). The optimal cooking conditions were established at 78.35 °C for 79.70 min, with predictive equations guiding ingredient proportions (0.265 g pulp, 0.710 g peel, 0.025 g seed). Intriguingly, while peel inclusion enhanced total sugar content and antioxidant activity, seed incorporation exerted a contrasting effect by reducing total sugar content and limiting antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghda Yazidi
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnology Center of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
- Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis EL Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Walid Yeddes
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnology Center of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Kais Djebali
- Useful Materials Valorization Laboratory, National Centre for Research in Materials Science, Soliman, Tunisia
| | - Majdi Hammami
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnology Center of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Wissem Aidi-Wannes
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnology Center of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Ben Farhat
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnology Center of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Msaada
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnology Center of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Moufida Saidani Tounsi
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnology Center of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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Ortega-Rosas CI, Gutiérrez-Ruacho OG, Brito-Castillo L, Calderón-Ezquerro MC, Guerrero-Guerra C, Amaya-García V. Five-year airborne pollen calendar for a Sonoran Desert city and the relationships with meteorological variability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2023; 67:1853-1868. [PMID: 37718383 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-023-02546-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Aerobiological studies are still scarce in northwestern Mexico where allergenic pollen have great impacts on health. Current global pollution and climate change problems are closely related to many allergic diseases, enhancing the need to continue researching these issues and improve life quality. This study provides the first Pollen Calendar for Hermosillo, Sonora, México. Airborne pollen were continuously collected for 5 years (2015-2019). The standardized methodology with a Hirst-type spore trap proposed for global aerobiological studies was used. Weather data were also taken from a station located in the city and used to explore correlations between climate and airborne pollen concentrations in different seasons. The most important pollen taxa recorded in air belongs to herbaceous pollen, such as Poaceae, Ambrosia, Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae, and some shrub trees typical of this arid region, such as Nyctaginaceae, Prosopis, Parkinsonia, and Fabaceae. The most critical herbaceous pollen related to allergies have a long mean pollen season throughout the years, and the most critical periods with high pollen concentration in air occur in two seasons, spring (March-April) and summer-fall (August-October). In these 5 years, the correlation analyses for these two peaks indicate that a link exists between pollen in the air and decreases in precipitation and temperatures, and an increase in relative humidity. An inter-annual variability in pollen concentrations was recorded related to different weather conditions. Although pollen calendars are location-specific, they are useful for future research on biological air quality scenarios in different cities. Using this standardized method for other regions can provide pollen calendars that have been proven clinically important in allergic disease management worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- C I Ortega-Rosas
- Cuerpo Académico de Recursos Naturales, Licenciatura en Ecología, Unidad Académica Hermosillo, Universidad Estatal de Sonora, Ley Federal del Trabajo S.N. Col. Apolo. Hermosillo, C.P. 83100, Sonora, Mexico.
| | - O G Gutiérrez-Ruacho
- Cuerpo Académico de Recursos Naturales, Licenciatura en Ecología, Unidad Académica Hermosillo, Universidad Estatal de Sonora, Ley Federal del Trabajo S.N. Col. Apolo. Hermosillo, C.P. 83100, Sonora, Mexico
| | - L Brito-Castillo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste S.C., Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico
| | - M C Calderón-Ezquerro
- Red Mexicana de Aerobiología, Instituto de Ciencias de La Atmósfera Y Cambio Climático, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - C Guerrero-Guerra
- Red Mexicana de Aerobiología, Instituto de Ciencias de La Atmósfera Y Cambio Climático, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - V Amaya-García
- Cuerpo Académico de Recursos Naturales, Licenciatura en Ecología, Unidad Académica Hermosillo, Universidad Estatal de Sonora, Ley Federal del Trabajo S.N. Col. Apolo. Hermosillo, C.P. 83100, Sonora, Mexico
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Ortega-Rosas CI, Meza-Figueroa D, Vidal-Solano JR, González-Grijalva B, Schiavo B. Association of airborne particulate matter with pollen, fungal spores, and allergic symptoms in an arid urbanized area. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:1761-1782. [PMID: 33090369 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00752-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Studies focused on the seasonal distribution of pollen and spores in semiarid cities are scarce. At these sites, climate change potentiates the emission and transport of fine (PM10) to ultrafine particles (PM2.5), easily attached to pollen surfaces, causing allergen's release. This study examines the potential correlation of seasonal variations of pollen, fungal spores, PM10, and meteorological parameters with allergic reactions of 150 people living in a Sonoran desert city. We collected PM10, airborne pollen, and spores during a year. We also studied topsoil and road dust samples as potential PM-emission sources. We obtained dust-mineralogy, chemistry, and particle size attached to pollen by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. Results show that seasonal high PM-loading in the urban atmosphere coincides with aeroallergens promoting micro- to nanoparticles' attachment to pollen's surface. A collapsed membrane was observed in several samples after individual grains show the following maximum wall coverage: Poaceae 28%, Asteraceae 40%, Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthacea 29%, Fabaceae 18%. Most of the particles covering pollen's surface have a geogenic origin mixed with metals linked to traffic (bromide, chlorine, and antimony). Mineralogical, granulometric analysis, and main wind-direction show that two local soil-types are the main contributors to PM. A high frequency of positive sensitization to pollen with high particle loading was detected. These results suggest that climate-driven dust emissions may alter pollen and spore surfaces' physicochemical characteristics with the further consequences in their allergenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- C I Ortega-Rosas
- Licenciatura en Ecología, Universidad Estatal de Sonora, Unidad Académica Hermosillo, Ley Federal del Trabajo SN, Col. Apolo, C.P.83100, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
| | - D Meza-Figueroa
- Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas Y Rosales, Col. Centro, C.P.83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - J R Vidal-Solano
- Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas Y Rosales, Col. Centro, C.P.83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - B González-Grijalva
- Licenciatura en Ecología, Universidad Estatal de Sonora, Unidad Académica Hermosillo, Ley Federal del Trabajo SN, Col. Apolo, C.P.83100, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
- Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas Y Rosales, Col. Centro, C.P.83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - B Schiavo
- Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas Y Rosales, Col. Centro, C.P.83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
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Ortega-Rosas CI, Enciso-Miranda CA, Macías-Duarte A, Morales-Romero D, Villarruel-Sahagún L. Urban vegetation cover correlates with environmental variables in a desert city: insights of mitigation measures to climate change. Urban Ecosyst 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-020-00982-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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