1
|
Jacinto-Maldonado M, González-Salazar C, Basanta MD, García-Peña GE, Saucedo B, Lesbarrères D, Meza-Figueroa D, Stephens CR. Water Pollution Increases the Risk of Chytridiomycosis in Mexican Amphibians. Ecohealth 2023:10.1007/s10393-023-01631-0. [PMID: 37140741 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-023-01631-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Chytridiomycosis is affecting amphibians worldwide, causing the decline and extinction of several amphibian populations. The disease is caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), a multihost pathogen living in freshwater habitats. While several environmental factors have been associated with the prevalence of Bd and its virulence, the effects of water quality on the pathogen are not clear yet. Some evidence suggests that water pollution may reduce amphibians' immune response and increase prevalence of Bd. To explore this hypothesis, we analyzed the relationship between water quality and the presence of Bd by using spatial data mining of 150 geolocations of Bd in amphibians from 9 families where Bd positive specimens have been previously reported, and water quality in 4,202 lentic and lotic water bodies in Mexico from 2010 to 2021. Our model showed that in the 3 main families where Bd was recorded, its presence is high in locations with low water quality, i.e., water polluted likely contaminated with urban and industrial waste. Using this model, we inferred areas suitable for Bd in Mexico; mainly in poorly studied areas along the gulf and on the pacific slope. We further argue that actions to reduce water pollution should become an integral part of public policies to prevent the spread of Bd and protect amphibians from this deadly pathogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Jacinto-Maldonado
- Departamento de Geología, División de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo Sonora, México.
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, México.
| | - C González-Salazar
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, México
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, México
| | - M D Basanta
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV, USA
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - G E García-Peña
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, México
| | - B Saucedo
- IDEXX Laboratories B.V, Holland, The Netherlands
| | - D Lesbarrères
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Greater Sudbury, Canada
| | - D Meza-Figueroa
- Departamento de Geología, División de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo Sonora, México
| | - C R Stephens
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, México
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad 3000, Mexico City, México
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ortega-Rosas CI, Meza-Figueroa D, Vidal-Solano JR, González-Grijalva B, Schiavo B. Association of airborne particulate matter with pollen, fungal spores, and allergic symptoms in an arid urbanized area. Environ Geochem Health 2021; 43:1761-1782. [PMID: 33090369 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00752-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Studies focused on the seasonal distribution of pollen and spores in semiarid cities are scarce. At these sites, climate change potentiates the emission and transport of fine (PM10) to ultrafine particles (PM2.5), easily attached to pollen surfaces, causing allergen's release. This study examines the potential correlation of seasonal variations of pollen, fungal spores, PM10, and meteorological parameters with allergic reactions of 150 people living in a Sonoran desert city. We collected PM10, airborne pollen, and spores during a year. We also studied topsoil and road dust samples as potential PM-emission sources. We obtained dust-mineralogy, chemistry, and particle size attached to pollen by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. Results show that seasonal high PM-loading in the urban atmosphere coincides with aeroallergens promoting micro- to nanoparticles' attachment to pollen's surface. A collapsed membrane was observed in several samples after individual grains show the following maximum wall coverage: Poaceae 28%, Asteraceae 40%, Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthacea 29%, Fabaceae 18%. Most of the particles covering pollen's surface have a geogenic origin mixed with metals linked to traffic (bromide, chlorine, and antimony). Mineralogical, granulometric analysis, and main wind-direction show that two local soil-types are the main contributors to PM. A high frequency of positive sensitization to pollen with high particle loading was detected. These results suggest that climate-driven dust emissions may alter pollen and spore surfaces' physicochemical characteristics with the further consequences in their allergenic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C I Ortega-Rosas
- Licenciatura en Ecología, Universidad Estatal de Sonora, Unidad Académica Hermosillo, Ley Federal del Trabajo SN, Col. Apolo, C.P.83100, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
| | - D Meza-Figueroa
- Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas Y Rosales, Col. Centro, C.P.83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - J R Vidal-Solano
- Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas Y Rosales, Col. Centro, C.P.83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - B González-Grijalva
- Licenciatura en Ecología, Universidad Estatal de Sonora, Unidad Académica Hermosillo, Ley Federal del Trabajo SN, Col. Apolo, C.P.83100, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
- Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas Y Rosales, Col. Centro, C.P.83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - B Schiavo
- Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas Y Rosales, Col. Centro, C.P.83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|