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Sandhya G, Monisha S, Singh S, Stezin A, Diwakar L, Issac TG. Hyperhomocysteinemia and its effect on ageing and language functions - HEAL study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20101. [PMID: 39209902 PMCID: PMC11362510 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia or high levels (> 15 µmol/L) of homocysteine (Hcy)in the blood has been suggested to affect the brain through vascular and neurodegenerative pathways and potentially impact cognition. The current study aims to explore the association of high homocysteine with cognition and brain volume changes in a cohort of middle and old agedr adults. The study recruited 1296 participants aged ≥ 45 years from Tata Longitudinal Study of Ageing (TLSA), an ongoing cohort study. The participants underwent detailed cognitive assessments using Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-III (ACE-III) and Computerized Assessment of Adult Information Processing (COGNITO) neuropsychological battery and MR imaging using a 3T scanner. The participants were classified based on the median homocysteine level (16.89 µmol/L) into low Hcy (≤ median) and high Hcy (> median) groups. When adjusted for age, gender, years of education, vitamin B12, folate and dyslipidaemia, Generalised Linear Model (GLM) found a significant association of high Hcy with vocabulary task [β (95% CI) - 1.354 (- 2.655, - 0.052); p = 0.041]. Significant associations was also obtained between cerebral white matter volume and high Hcy [β (95% CI) - 5617.182 (- 11062.762, - 173.602); p = 0.043]. The results suggest that people with high Hcy levels performed poorer in cognitive tasks related to language domain and had lesser cerebral white matter volume. This indicates that homocysteine might have a profound impact on brain structure as well as function.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sandhya
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Monisha
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sadhana Singh
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Albert Stezin
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Latha Diwakar
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
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Oliveira APG, de Matos GDCB, Vieira MCDS, Corvelo TCDO. Retrospective cohort study of the MTHFR C677T/A1298C polymorphisms and human homocysteine levels in Helicobacter pylori infection. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 109:116243. [PMID: 38579505 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
This study avalited relationship between human Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene (C677T(rs1801133)/A1298C(rs1801131)) variants and homocysteine levels in 168 patients who are infected with Helicobacter pylori, diagnosed to PCR analysis. PCR-RFLP methods were performed to characterize the MTHFR gene C677T/A1298C variants in DNA samples obtained from gastric biopsies this patients. An immunoenzymatically assay was used for quantitative of total homocysteine and folate levels in the plasma of the same individuals. The adopted level statistical significance was to α = 0.05. The frequency of the C677T SNP was higher in infected individuals, wherein those with the CT/TT genotype presented a three-fold higher risk of acquiring Helicobacter pylori infection. The averages of the total homocysteine concentrations were associated with the TT genotype, advanced age and the male sex, but no dependence relationship was found with Helicobacter pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreza Paloma Góes Oliveira
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará - UFPA, R. Augusto Corrêa, 01 - Guamá, Belém PA, 66075-110. Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Cleyton da Silva Vieira
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará - UFPA, R. Augusto Corrêa, 01 - Guamá, Belém PA, 66075-110. Brazil
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Chang J, Liu M, Liu C, Zhou S, Jiao Y, Sun H, Ji Y. Effects of vitamins and polyunsaturated fatty acids on cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:1003-1022. [PMID: 38300291 PMCID: PMC11139751 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03324-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamins and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been studied extensively as safe and manageable nutrient interventions for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The purpose of the current meta-analysis was to examine the effects of vitamins and PUFAs on cognition and to compare the effects of single and multiple nutrient subgroups in patients with MCI. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) written in English and Chinese were retrieved from eight databases, namely, PubMed, CENTRAL, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, SinoMed, CNKI, and Wanfang Data, from their respective dates of inception until 16 July 2023. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0. Meta-analyses were performed to determine the standardized mean differences (SMDs) in global cognitive function, memory function, attention, visuospatial skills, executive function, and processing speed between the supplement and control groups using 95% confidence intervals (CI) and I2. Prospero registration number: CRD42021292360. RESULTS Sixteen RCTs that studied different types of vitamins and PUFAs were included. The meta-analysis revealed that vitamins affected global cognitive function (SMD = 0.58, 95% CI = [0.20, 0.96], P = 0.003), memory function (SMD = 2.55, 95% CI = [1.01, 4.09], P = 0.001), and attention (SMD = 3.14, 95% CI = [1.00, 5.28], P = 0.004) in patients with MCI, and PUFAs showed effects on memory function (SMD = 0.65, 95% CI = [0.32, 0.99], P < 0.001) and attention (SMD = 2.98, 95% CI = [2.11, 3.84], P < 0.001). Single vitamin B (folic acid [FA]: SMD = 1.21, 95% CI = [0.87, 1.55]) supplementation may be more effective than multiple nutrients (FA and vitamin B12: SMD = 0.71, 95% CI = [0.41, 1.01]; and FA combined with docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]: SMD = 0.58, 95% CI = [0.34, 0.83]) in global cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS FA, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and vitamin D may improve global cognitive function, memory function, and attention in patients with MCI. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and DHA may improve memory function and attention. We also noted that FA may exert a greater effect than a vitamin B combination (FA and vitamin B12) or the combination of FA and DHA. However, because of the low evidence-based intensity, further trials are necessary to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minhui Liu
- School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli South Street of Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyu Zhou
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuchen Jiao
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyu Sun
- School of Nursing, Peking University, 38 College Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yan Ji
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
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Sarb OF, Sarb AD, Iacobescu M, Vlad IM, Milaciu MV, Ciurmarnean L, Vacaras V, Tantau AI. From Gut to Brain: Uncovering Potential Serum Biomarkers Connecting Inflammatory Bowel Diseases to Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5676. [PMID: 38891863 PMCID: PMC11171869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are characterized by chronic gastrointestinal inflammation due to abnormal immune responses to gut microflora. The gut-brain axis is disrupted in IBDs, leading to neurobiological imbalances and affective symptoms. Systemic inflammation in IBDs affects the brain's inflammatory response system, hormonal axis, and blood-brain barrier integrity, influencing the gut microbiota. This review aims to explore the association between dysregulations in the gut-brain axis, serum biomarkers, and the development of cognitive disorders. Studies suggest a potential association between IBDs and the development of neurodegeneration. The mechanisms include systemic inflammation, nutritional deficiency, GBA dysfunction, and the effect of genetics and comorbidities. The objective is to identify potential correlations and propose future research directions to understand the impact of altered microbiomes and intestinal barrier functions on neurodegeneration. Serum levels of vitamins, inflammatory and neuronal damage biomarkers, and neuronal growth factors have been investigated for their potential to predict the development of neurodegenerative diseases, but current results are inconclusive and require more studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliviu-Florentiu Sarb
- Department of Neuroscience, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.-F.S.); (I.-M.V.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.-V.M.); (L.C.); (A.-I.T.)
| | - Adriana-Daniela Sarb
- Department of Internal Medicine, Heart Institute, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Maria Iacobescu
- Department of Proteomics and Metabolomics, MEDFUTURE Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Irina-Maria Vlad
- Department of Neuroscience, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.-F.S.); (I.-M.V.)
| | - Mircea-Vasile Milaciu
- Department of Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.-V.M.); (L.C.); (A.-I.T.)
| | - Lorena Ciurmarnean
- Department of Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.-V.M.); (L.C.); (A.-I.T.)
| | - Vitalie Vacaras
- Department of Neuroscience, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.-F.S.); (I.-M.V.)
| | - Alina-Ioana Tantau
- Department of Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.-V.M.); (L.C.); (A.-I.T.)
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Sarb OF, Vacaras V, Sarb A, Iacobescu M, Tantau AI. Cognitive Dysfunction and Affective Mood Disorder Screening in Patients With Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Protocol for a Prospective Case-Control Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e50546. [PMID: 37824197 PMCID: PMC10603561 DOI: 10.2196/50546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) might be more frequent in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but the relationship between these 2 entities is yet to be entirely established. Certain blood biomarkers (eg, serum amyloid A [SAA] and serum homocysteine [Hcy], which increase in IBD and MCI; brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF], which decreases in MCI and AD but is not clearly modified in IBD; and S100 calcium-binding protein B [S100B], which increases in the blood-brain barrier and neuronal lesions) might predict the stage of MCI or dementia or progression to a further state. The gut-brain axis (GBA) might be the key to the development of MCI in patients with IBD, along with systemic inflammation and the possible and unknown adverse effects of disease-modifying medication. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate whether GBA interactions play a role in MCI development in patients with IBD. METHODS A case-control study will be conducted on at least 100 patients diagnosed with IBD, matched with 100 healthy individual controls. The matching will include sex, age, and education. Patients will be fully examined, and a full interview and a neurological and cognitive examination will be performed. The primary clinical outcomes will be cognitive test scores (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Trail Making Test, Digit Symbol Substitution Test, forward and backward digit span testing). Depression, stress, and anxiety screening will also be performed. Blood samples from all participants will be collected, and aliquots will be immediately stored in a biobank. Primary laboratory outcomes will include serum levels of presumed cognitive dysfunction blood biomarkers SAA, Hcy, S100B, and BDNF. Follow-up will be performed at 12, 24, 36, and 48 months. RESULTS Data collection started in December 2021 and is ongoing. So far, 53 patients with IBD have been recruited and 50 HC matched. Data collection should end in January 2030. Intermediary analysis will be performed in April 2024. We expect patients with IBD to have lower scores on cognitive testing and a positive correlation between disease length and cognitive impairment level. In addition, the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression should be higher in the IBD group. The serum levels of the 4 biomarkers could correlate or anticorrelate with cognitive scores and serve as predictive factors for MCI or dementia development. A higher level of education, a younger age, the absence of malabsorption, and good disease control might serve as protectors against MCI. CONCLUSIONS GBA interactions, along with systemic inflammation and the adverse effects of medication, might be a cause of MCI and AD development in patients with IBD. Serum biomarkers could prove cheap and useful predictors of MCI development. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05760729; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05760729. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/50546.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliviu Florentiu Sarb
- Department of Neuroscience, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vitalie Vacaras
- Department of Neuroscience, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriana Sarb
- Department of Internal Medicine, Heart Institute, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria Iacobescu
- Department of Proteomics and Metabolomics, MEDFUTURE Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina-Ioana Tantau
- Department of Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Jie Z, Liu J, Ying Y, Yang H. O-phthalaldehyde assisted surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy selective determination of trace homocysteine in serum. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 287:122048. [PMID: 36368268 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
High plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels may indicate cardiovascular disease. However, sensitive and selective determination of Hcy remains a major challenge. Herein, we present a sensing strategy for Hcy by surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) method along with a specific reaction of o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) and Hcy. The obtained adduct 2-(1-carboxyl-3-thiopropyl)-1-isoindolinone (Hcy-OPA) can be directly detected by SERS using gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) as the substrate. The developed SERS method displays superior sensitivity (low detection limit of 2.50 × 10-12 mol L-1) with a broad linear range (5.00 × 10-10 -5.00 × 10-6 mol L-1). As a proof of real application, it can be used to detect Hcy in bovine serum samples with a concentration as low as 5.00 × 10-9 mol L-1, which is free from the interference of the other amino acids and glutathione.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishun Jie
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Jia Liu
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Ye Ying
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Haifeng Yang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
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Mustafa Khalid N, Haron H, Shahar S, Fenech M. Current Evidence on the Association of Micronutrient Malnutrition with Mild Cognitive Impairment, Frailty, and Cognitive Frailty among Older Adults: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15722. [PMID: 36497797 PMCID: PMC9736259 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Micronutrient malnutrition is thought to play an important role in the cause of cognitive impairment and physical frailty. The purpose of this scoping review was to map current evidence on the association between micronutrient deficiency in blood and mild cognitive impairment, frailty, and cognitive frailty among older adults. The scoping review was conducted based on the 2005 methodological framework by Arksey and O'Malley. The search strategy for potential literature on micronutrient concentration in blood and cognitive frailty was retrieved based on the keywords using electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Ovid, and Science Direct) from January 2010 to December 2021. Gray literature was also included in the searches. A total of 4310 articles were retrieved and 43 articles were incorporated in the review. Findings revealed a trend of significant association between low levels of B vitamins (folate and vitamin B12), vitamin D, vitamin A, vitamin E, omega 3 fatty acid, and albumin, and high homocysteine levels in blood with an increased risk of mild cognitive impairment among older adults. The results also indicated that low vitamin D levels, albumin, and antioxidants (lutein and zeaxanthin) in blood were significantly associated with frailty among older adults, while β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin in blood were inversely associated with the risk of cognitive frailty. Vitamin D and antioxidants seemed to be targeted nutrients for the prevention of cognitive frailty. In conclusion, a wide range of micronutrient deficiency was associated with either mild cognitive impairment or frailty; however, little evidence exists on the dual impairment, i.e., cognitive frailty. This scoping review can serve as preliminary evidence for the association between micronutrient deficiency in blood and mild cognitive impairment, frailty, and cognitive frailty among older adults and prove the relevancy of the topic for future systematic reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhayati Mustafa Khalid
- Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Hasnah Haron
- Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Shahar
- Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Michael Fenech
- Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
- Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, SA 5048, Australia
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Fu J, Liu Q, Zhu Y, Sun C, Duan H, Huang L, Zhou D, Wang Z, Zhao J, Li Z, Ma F, Li W, Liu H, Zhang X, Chen Y, Wang G, Du Y, Huang G. Circulating folate concentrations and the risk of mild cognitive impairment: a prospective study on the older Chinese population without folic acid fortification. Eur J Neurol 2022; 29:2913-2924. [PMID: 35735052 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The longitudinal association between serum folate concentrations and the risk of cognitive impairment remains unclear in populations with low folate levels. We examined the association between serum folate concentrations and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults in China, where mandatory fortification of foods with folic acid was not implemented. We further explored if homocysteine (Hcy) and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) mediate the association between serum folate and MCI. METHODS We performed a longitudinal analysis of 3974 participants aged ≥ 60 years from the Tianjin Elderly Nutrition and Cognition (TENC) cohort study. The associations between serum folate level and the risk of cognitive impairment overall and stratified by apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 genotypes were evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. The mediating effects of Hcy and LTL on the folate-MCI association were explored via a path analysis approach. RESULTS Within a 3-year follow-up, we documented 560 incident MCI cases. After multivariable adjustment, higher serum folate concentrations were associated with lower incidence of MCI, with hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) across quartiles of folate (from lowest to highest concentrations) of 1.00 (reference), 0.66 (0.52, 0.83), 0.57 (0.45, 0.73), 0.66 (0.52, 0.84), respectively (P for trend < 0.001). In mediation analyses, the status of serum folate deficiency and MCI were correlated via two intermediary pathways, Hcy and Hcy-telomere (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Lower folate concentrations, independently of APOE genotype, were associated with increased risk of MCI among elderly Chinese people, a population with relatively low folate intake. Our data were compatible with the mediation hypothesis that the association between folate status and MCI was mediated by Hcy and LTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhu Fu
- Department of Nutrition & Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Nutrition & Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Changqing Sun
- Neurosurgical Department of Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huilian Duan
- Department of Nutrition & Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Nutrition & Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Dezheng Zhou
- Department of Nutrition & Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Zehao Wang
- Department of Nutrition & Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Nutrition & Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenshu Li
- Department of Nutrition & Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Nutrition & Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Nutrition & Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Xumei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition & Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongjie Chen
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangshun Wang
- Department of Tumor, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Du
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Guowei Huang
- Department of Nutrition & Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
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Nantachai G, Vasupanrajit A, Tunvirachaisakul C, Solmi M, Maes M. Oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses in mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 79:101639. [PMID: 35537662 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze the nitro-oxidative stress (O&NS)/antioxidant (ANTIOX) ratio in the peripheral blood of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We searched PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science for articles published from inception until July 31, 2021. Forty-six studies on 3.798 MCI individuals and 6.063 healthy controls were included. The O&NS/ANTIOX ratio was significantly higher in MCI than in controls with a Standardized Mean Difference (SMD)= 0.378 (95% CI: 0.250; 0.506). MCI individuals showed increased lipid peroxidation (SMD=0.774, 95%CI: 4.416; 1.132) and O&NS-associated toxicity (SMD=0.621, CI: 0.377; 0.865) and reduced glutathione (GSH) defenses (SMD=0.725, 95%CI: 0.269; 1.182) as compared with controls. MCI was also accompanied by significantly increased homocysteine (SMD=0.320, CI: 0.059; 0.581), but not protein oxidation, and lowered non-vitamin (SMD=0.347, CI: 0.168; 0.527) and vitamin (SMD=0.564, CI: 0.129; 0.999) antioxidant defenses. The results show that MCI is at least in part due to increased neuro-oxidative toxicity and suggest that treatments targeting lipid peroxidation and the GSH system may be used to treat or prevent MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gallayaporn Nantachai
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Somdet Phra Sungharaj Nyanasumvara Geriatric Hospital, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Public health, Chon Buri Province, Thailand.
| | - Asara Vasupanrajit
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chavit Tunvirachaisakul
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Marco Solmi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI) Clinical Epidemiology Program University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Innovation in Mental Health-Developmental Lab, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, and NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
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Wang X, Qiao T, Liu M, Wang X. Homocysteine Associated With Low Cognitive Function Independent of Asymptomatic Intracranial and Carotid Arteries Stenoses in Chinese Elderly Patients: An Outpatient-Based Cross-Sectional Study. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2022; 35:302-308. [PMID: 33504251 DOI: 10.1177/0891988720988914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A high homocysteine (Hcy) concentration is correlated with cognitive impairment; however, the exact underlying mechanism is still not fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate whether asymptomatic intracranial and carotid arteries stenoses are involved in Hcy-related low cognitive function. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study in outpatient clinics. Residents aged ≥60 years, who came to the Stroke and Rehabilitation Clinic of Shandong Provincial Third Hospital in Jinan, Shandong Province from December 2019 to May 2020 to seek consultation due to abnormal transcranial Doppler reports (eg., increased cerebral blood flow velocity) were eligible. Information including demographics, medical history, lifestyle habits were collected. Fasting blood was used to detect total serum homocysteine level (tHcy). Cerebrovascular magnetic resonance angiography and neck vascular ultrasound examination were used to confirm the diagnosis of intracranial and carotid artery stenoses. The Mini-Mental State Examination was used to assess the cognitive function of each participant. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between tHcy levels and cognitive function. RESULTS This study included 236 participants (mean age: 64.0 (SD, 7.5) years, female: 58.1%). Multivariable analyses adjusted for several potential confounders, including creatinine and cardiovascular risk factors, showed that tHcy was associated with carotid artery stenosis (CAS). After adjusting for CAS, ICAS and several potential confounders, the association between tHcy level and low cognitive function remained significant (odds ratio: 1.09, 95% confidence interval: (1.03, 1.16), P = 0.032) . CONCLUSION Increased serum tHcy level was associated with low cognitive function independent of asymptomatic intracranial and carotid arteries stenoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, 34708Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong Province, China
| | - Tian Qiao
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, 34708Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong Province, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Association of Obesity with the Risk of Hyperhomocysteinemia among the Chinese Community Residents: A Prospective Cohort Study in Shanghai, China. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103648. [PMID: 34684648 PMCID: PMC8537264 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A prospective community-based cohort study was conducted to investigate the effects of obesity on hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in community residents from Shanghai, China, with a median follow-up period of 2.98 years. The exposures were high body mass index (BMI) (BMI ≥ 28.0 kg/m2) and high waist circumference (WC) (WC ≥ 85.0 cm for female and WC ≥ 90.0 for male) at baseline investigation, and the outcome was the incident of HHcy after the follow-up. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) was performed to assess the possible nonlinear relationship of BMI and WC with HHcy. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to evaluate the association between BMI and WC measured obesity and the risk of HHcy (Hcy level > 15 µmol/L). No significant non-linearity was found between BMI and WC with HHcy. Cox regression model showed that underweight measured by BMI was negatively associated with the risk of HHcy after controlling for confounder variables (adjusted HR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.42 to 0.99). While abdominal obesity was positively associated with the risk of HHcy for those without CVD-related comorbidities (adjusted HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.51). Our results suggested that individuals could maintain a relatively low BMI and normal WC to lower the risk of HHcy.
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Chen J, Liu S, Wang C, Zhang C, Cai H, Zhang M, Si L, Zhang S, Xu Y, Zhu J, Yu Y. Associations of Serum Liver Function Markers With Brain Structure, Function, and Perfusion in Healthy Young Adults. Front Neurol 2021; 12:606094. [PMID: 33716920 PMCID: PMC7947675 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.606094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous neuroimaging studies have demonstrated brain abnormalities in patients with hepatic diseases. However, the identified liver-brain associations are largely limited to disease-affected populations, and the nature and extent of such relations in healthy subjects remain unclear. We hypothesized that serum liver function markers within a normal level would affect brain properties. Method: One hundred fifty-seven healthy young adults underwent structural, resting-state functional, and arterial spin labeling MRI scans. Gray matter volume (GMV), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and cerebral blood flow (CBF) analyses were performed to assess brain structure, function, and perfusion, respectively. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected to measure serum liver function markers. Correlation analyses were conducted to test potential associations between liver function markers and brain imaging parameters. Results: First, serum proteins showed relations to brain structure characterized by higher albumin associated with increased GMV in the parahippocampal gyrus and amygdala and lower globulin and a higher albumin/globulin ratio with increased GMV in the olfactory cortex and parahippocampal gyrus. Second, serum bilirubin was linked to brain function characterized by higher bilirubin associated with increased ReHo in the precuneus, middle cingulate gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, and supramarginal gyrus and decreased ReHo in the caudate nucleus. Third, serum alanine transaminase (ALT) was related to brain perfusion characterized by higher ALT associated with increased CBF in the superior frontal gyrus and decreased CBF in the middle occipital gyrus, angular gyrus, precuneus, and middle temporal gyrus. More importantly, we found that CBF in the superior frontal gyrus was a significant mediator of the association between serum ALT level and working memory performance. Conclusion: These findings may not only expand existing knowledge about the relationship between the liver and the brain but also have clinical implications for studying brain impairments secondary to liver diseases as well as providing potential neural targets for their diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Huanhuan Cai
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Si
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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