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Jacinto M, Rodrigues F, Monteiro D, Diz S, Morquecho Sánchez R, Morales-Sánchez V, Matos R, Amaro N, Antunes R. Effects of combined training in individual with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39046088 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2381598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE ARTICLE This study aims to evaluate the literature, peer-reviewed clinical trials investigating the effects of combined exercise interventions on individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. MATERIALS AND METHODS Various databases, using various descriptors and Boolean operators were utilized. RESULTS Eight studies meet the eligibility criteria. Regarding the anthropometric measures/body composition variable, the meta-analysis revealed that combined physical exercise did not have a significant effect (standard mean difference (SMD) = -0.16; 95% CI, -0.34 to 0.03; Z = 1.68; p = 0.09). For the lipid profile variable, the combined exercise interventions did not show a significant effect (SMD = -0.07; 95% CI, -0.43 to 0.29; Z = 0.38; p = 0.71). Combined exercise training had a significant effect on increasing functional capacity (SMD = 0.28; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.54; Z = 2.03; p = 0.04), cardiorespiratory function (SMD = 0.80; 95% CI, 0.34 to 1.26; Z = 3.41; p ≤ 0.001), and strength (SMD = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.45 to 1.08; Z = 4.78; p ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Participants from the intervention group that took part in combined exercise training showed a higher probability of improving their functional, cardiorespiratory, and strength capacity compared to the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Jacinto
- ESECS, Polytechnique of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Health, and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Filipe Rodrigues
- ESECS, Polytechnique of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Health, and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Diogo Monteiro
- ESECS, Polytechnique of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Health, and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Susana Diz
- ESECS, Polytechnique of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Health, and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Raquel Morquecho Sánchez
- School of Sports Organization, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - Veronica Morales-Sánchez
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Anthropology, Social Work and Social Services, Faculty of Psychology, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rui Matos
- ESECS, Polytechnique of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Health, and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Nuno Amaro
- ESECS, Polytechnique of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Health, and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Raul Antunes
- ESECS, Polytechnique of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Health, and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, Portugal
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Turgeon S, MacKenzie A, Batcho CS, D'Amour J. Making physical activity fun and accessible to adults with intellectual disabilities: A pilot study of a gamification intervention. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13213. [PMID: 38404069 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only about 9% of individuals with intellectual disabilities reach the government's physical activity (PA) recommendations. Combining gamification and technology seems particularly promising in overcoming personal and environmental barriers to PA participation. METHOD Eighteen adults with varying levels of intellectual disabilities completed a pilot study to assess the initial effects of a cycling gamification intervention on levels of PA, fitness, psychosocial outcomes, and challenging behaviours. The study comprised three designs: pre-post single group, AB single-case, and qualitative. Social validity, implementation barriers and facilitators were also explored. RESULTS Nearly all 18 participants cycled daily. Time and distance cycled daily increase during the intervention while a decrease in stereotyped behaviours was observed. Participants and staff found the intervention enjoyable and socially valid. CONCLUSIONS Results of the multiple-design study suggest that gamification interventions may be a suitable, enjoyable, and promising way to contribute to PA participation of adults with intellectual disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Turgeon
- Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, Canada
| | - Alexandra MacKenzie
- Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, Canada
| | - Charles Sebiyo Batcho
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jason D'Amour
- Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Trois Rivières, Quebec, Canada
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Leung W, Sung MC, Lee J, Jung J, Fiscella N, Shi L. Comparison of Participation in Strength Activity Among People With and Without Disabilities: 2013-2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:465-471. [PMID: 38460503 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current physical activity guidelines recommend engagement in strength activities at least 2 days per week. Currently, there is a lack of literature examining strength activities among people with disabilities. The purpose of this study is to estimate and compare the prevalence of engagement in strength activities and adherence to strength activity guidelines among adults with and without disabilities in the United States. METHODS A total of 1,005,644 adults (18-80 y old) with and without disabilities from the 2013 to 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were included in this secondary data analysis. Descriptive analyses were performed to describe the prevalence of strength activity behaviors of adults with and without disabilities. Logistic and Poisson regression models were performed to evaluate the relative contribution of disability status on strength activity behaviors. RESULTS A higher proportion of participants without disabilities (46.42%, 95% CI, 46.18-46.65) reported engaging in strength activities compared with participants with disabilities (30.68%, 95% CI, 30.29-31.08; P < .01). Participants with disabilities were less likely to engage in strength activities (odds ratio = 0.51, 95% CI, 0.50-0.52; adjusted odds ratio = 0.75, 95% CI, 0.73-0.77) and meet strength activity guidelines (odds ratio = 0.56, 95% CI, 0.54-0.57; adjusted odds ratio = 0.75, 95% CI, 0.73-0.77) than participants without disabilities. CONCLUSION Experiencing a disability is associated with lower engagement in strength activities; thus, it is important to identify effective and efficient approaches to promoting strength activities among people with disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willie Leung
- Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, College of Natural and Health Sciences, The University of Tampa, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ming-Chih Sung
- Department of Human Performance and Health, College of Education, Human Performance, and Health, University of South Carolina Upstate, Spartanburg, SC, USA
| | - Jinhyun Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, College of Natural and Health Sciences, The University of Tampa, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jaehun Jung
- Department of Health & Human Performance, College of Education and Human Development, Northwestern State University of Louisiana, Natchitoches, LA, USA
| | - Nicole Fiscella
- Kinesiology Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public and Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Lu Shi
- Health and Management Policy Program, School of Social and Behavioral Health Science, College of Public Health and Human Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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Montalva-Valenzuela F, Castillo-Paredes A, Farias-Valenzuela C, Andrades-Ramirez O, Concha-Cisternas Y, Guzmán-Muñoz E. Effects of exercise, physical activity, and sports on physical fitness in adults with Down syndrome: A systematic review. AIMS Public Health 2024; 11:577-600. [PMID: 39027399 PMCID: PMC11252580 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2024029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to analyze the effects of exercise, physical activity, and sports on physical fitness in adults with Down syndrome (DS). A literature search was conducted across four databases EBSCO, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. The PRISMA guidelines were followed. The PEDro scale and the Cochrane risk of bias tool were used to assess the quality and risk of the studies, respectively. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42023449627). Of the 423 records initially found, 13 were finally included in the systematic review, in which 349 adults with DS participated. 92% of the articles declared at least one significant difference post-intervention. The available evidence indicates that exercise, physical activity, and sports have a positive effect on some variables of physical fitness, especially strength, balance, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, flexibility, and functional capacity. Furthermore, it should be considered as an additional treatment or complementary therapy to improve the functionality and quality of life of adults with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Montalva-Valenzuela
- Laboratorio de Fisiología del Ejercicio y Metabolismo (LABFEM), Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Antonio Castillo-Paredes
- Grupo Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar (AFySE), Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Oscar Andrades-Ramirez
- Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Sociales, Entrenador deportivo, Universidad Andres Bello, Concepción, Chile
| | - Yeny Concha-Cisternas
- School of Pedagogy in Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
- Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Eduardo Guzmán-Muñoz
- School of Pedagogy in Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, Universidad Santo Tomás, Talca, Chile
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Zarei H, Norasteh AA, Dehghani N, Lieberman LJ, Ertel MW, Brian A. Effects of exercise training programs on motor skills of individuals with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38375618 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2318486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Motor skills are involved in many physical activities and are prerequisites for the performance of sport skills. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the effects of exercise training programs (ETP) on the motor skills of individuals with intellectual disabilities (IwID). METHODS Primary sources were obtained from four databases including PubMed, SCOPUS, CENTRAL, and Web of Science. The search period covered years from inception to October 26th, 2023. Inclusion criteria were as follows: Population: IwID; Intervention: ETP; Comparator: motor skills vs. nontraining control; Outcomes: motor skills outcomes. Standardized mean differences, weighted mean differences, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using both random and fixed-effect models for outcomes. RESULTS A total of 14 studies involving 586 participants were included in the systematic review. The results of the present meta-analysis showed that ETP improved composite motor skills (1.28 95% CI: [0.86, 1.70], p = 0.001), gross motor skills (0.91, 95% CI: [0.62,1.19], p = 0.001), fine motor skills (0.74, 95% CI: [0.21,1.27], p = 0.01) and fine-gross motor skills (0.64, 95% CI: [0.29, 1.00], p = 0.001). CONCLUSION The results meta-analysis demonstrated that ETP improves the motor skills of IwID. Therefore, it is recommended to apply ETP to improve the motor skills of the IwID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Zarei
- PhD Student in Physical Education and Sport Sciences, (Corrective Exercise and Sport Injuries), Corrective Exercises and Sports Injury Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Norasteh
- Professor, PhD, P.T, Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Nastaran Dehghani
- MSc Student in Physical Education and Sport Sciences, (Corrective Exercise and Sport Injuries), Corrective Exercises and Sports Injury Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Lauren J Lieberman
- Department of Kinesiology, Sport Studies and Physical Education, State University of NY (SUNY), Brockport, NY, USA
| | - Michael W Ertel
- Department of Educational and Developmental Science, University of SC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Ali Brian
- Department of Educational and Developmental Science, University of SC, Columbia, SC, USA
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Ferrero-Hernández P, Farías-Valenzuela C, Ferrari G, Espoz-Lazo S, Álvarez-Arangua S, Valdivia-Moral P. Cut-off points for isometric handgrip and low limb explosive strength in relation to indicators of overweight/obesity in people with intellectual disabilities: analysis by age groups. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2023; 67:1124-1135. [PMID: 37574777 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of overweight/obesity has been increasing globally and in people with Intellectual Disabilities (IDs), this problem is exacerbated even more, which added to a low physical condition that contributes to the deterioration of functionality and increases the risk of developing chronic diseases in the course of life. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish cut-off points for levels of isometric handgrip and low limb explosive strength in children, adolescents and adults, which identify overweight/obesity in people with IDs and their respective associations. METHODS The sample was made up of 131 individuals with IDs, belonging to four special and community educational centres in the city of Santiago, Chile. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHR) were used as indicators of overweight/obesity. Handgrip strength was used as a measure of isometric strength, and countermovement jump was used as a measure of low limb explosive strength. For the comparison of variables by age group, the analysis of Ancova, Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square tests were used. The total area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of isometric handgrip and low limb explosive strength was identified as an indicator of overweight/obesity according to age groups. A logistic regression model was used to quantify the effect that strength categories below the cut-off point have on the risk of overweight and obesity. RESULTS Significant differences were observed between the age groups for body weight, height, BMI and WHR, as well as in the levels of absolute handgrip strength and vertical jump with countermovement (P ≤ 0.05). Children showed the lowest cut-off points for absolute and relative strength. The adolescent group showed the highest cut-off points for relative strength and countermovement jump and adults showed the highest value for absolute strength as indicators of overweight/obesity. Different associations between cut-off points with BMI and WHR were found. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents showed the highest cut-off point for relative strength and countermovement jump, and adults showed the highest value for absolute strength, according to overweight/obesity indicators (BMI and WHR). It is suggested to adjust resistance training programmes according to age categories for the prevention of overweight/obesity in people with IDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ferrero-Hernández
- Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Farías-Valenzuela
- Instituto del Deporte, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, Faculty of Education, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - G Ferrari
- Sciences of Physical Activity, Sports and Health School, University of Santiago of Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
| | - S Espoz-Lazo
- Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Sociales, Instituto del Deporte y Bienestar, Universidad Andres Bello, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - S Álvarez-Arangua
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Science, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Valdivia-Moral
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, Faculty of Education, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Chang H, Yan J, Lu G, Chen B, Zhang J. Muscle strength adaptation between high-load resistance training versus low-load blood flow restriction training with different cuff pressure characteristics: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1244292. [PMID: 37693006 PMCID: PMC10485702 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1244292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, blood flow restriction (BFR) with low-load resistance training (BFR-RT) was compared with high-load resistance training (HL-RT) on muscle strength in healthy adults. The characteristics of cuff pressure suitable for muscle strength gain were also investigated by analyzing the effects of applying different occlusion pressure prescriptions and cuff inflation patterns on muscle strength gain. Methods: Literature search was conducted using PubMed, Ovid Medline, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Scopus databases to identify literature published until May 2023. Studies reporting the effects of BFR-RT interventions on muscle strength gain were compared with those of HL-RT. The risk of bias in the included trials was assessed using the Cochrane tool, followed by a meta-analysis to calculate the combined effect. Subgroup analysis was performed to explore the beneficial variables. Results: Nineteen articles (42 outcomes), with a total of 458 healthy adults, were included in the meta-analysis. The combined effect showed higher muscle strength gain with HL-RT than with BFR-RT (p = 0.03, SMD = -0.16, 95% CI: -0.30 to -0.01). The results of the subgroup analysis showed that the BFR-RT applied with incremental and individualized pressure achieved muscle strength gain similar to the HL-RT (p = 0.8, SMD = -0.05, 95% CI: -0.44 to 0.34; p = 0.68, SMD = -0.04, 95% CI: -0.23 to 0.15), but muscle strength gain obtained via BFR-RT applied with absolute pressure was lower than that of HL-RT (p < 0.05, SMD = -0.45, 95% CI: -0.71 to -0.19). Furthermore, muscle strength gain obtained by BFR-RT applied with intermittent pressure was similar to that obtained by HL-RT (p = 0.88, SMD = -0.02, 95% CI: -0.27 to 0.23), but muscle strength gain for BFR-RT applied with continuous pressure showed a less prominent increase than that for HL-RT (p < 0.05, SMD = -0.3, 95% CI: -0.48 to -0.11). Conclusion: In general, HL-RT produces superior muscle strength gains than BFR-RT. However, the application of individualized, incremental, and intermittent pressure exercise protocols in BFR-RT elicits comparable muscle strength gains to HL-RT. Our findings indicate that cuff pressure characteristics play a significant role in establishing a BFR-RT intervention program for enhancing muscle strength in healthy adults. Clinical Trial Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#recordDetails; Identifier: PROSPERO (CRD42022364934).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualong Chang
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Jing Yan
- College of Education, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, China
| | - Guiwei Lu
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Biao Chen
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Jianli Zhang
- Exercise and Metabolism Research Center, College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
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Jacinto M, Matos R, Monteiro D, Antunes R, Caseiro A, Gomes B, Campos MJ, Ferreira JP. Effects of a 24-week exercise program on anthropometric, body composition, metabolic status, cardiovascular response, and neuromuscular capacity, in individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1205463. [PMID: 37288435 PMCID: PMC10242032 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1205463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased in the last decades, including in people with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD). This is even more concerning when it is globally accepted that a low physical condition contributes to the deterioration of functionality and increases the risk of developing chronic diseases during life, with effective implications for health and well-being. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of two physical exercise intervention programs on institutionalized individuals with IDD. Methods: Twenty-one adults with IDD (43.04 ± 11.18 years) were split by convenience into three groups: i) an indoor training group (IG; N = 7; 24-week machine-based gym intervention), ii) an outdoor training group (OG; N = 7; 24-week outdoor intervention with low-content materials), and iii) a control group (CG; N = 7). Assessed outcomes included indicators of health and neuromuscular capacity. The ShapiroWilk (n < 50) and Levene tests were used to verify data normality and homoscedasticity. A Kruskal-Walli test was performed to understand if there were differences between the groups. For comparison purposes and to assess hypothetical differences between groups, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Friedman test were used. The respective effect size was calculated, and the significance level was defined at 0.05. Results/Discussion: There was a difference in fat mass in OG (initial ≠ intermediate; Bonferroni corrected: t = 2.405; p = 0.048; W = 0.08 and initial ≠ final moments; Bonferroni corrected: t = 2.405; p = 0.048; W = 0.08). Indoor intervention programs seem to be more effective than outdoor intervention programs for reducing heart rate rest (t = -2.912; p = 0.011; W = -0.104) when compared with CG. Conclusion: A low-cost outdoor intervention in contact with nature appears to be more effective for fat mass reduction. The results for heart rate variability are not clear and robust. Finally, an indoor intervention using weight-training machines appears to be a good method to promote neuromuscular capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Jacinto
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- ESECS—Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), Leiria, Portugal
| | - Rui Matos
- ESECS—Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), Leiria, Portugal
| | - Diogo Monteiro
- ESECS—Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Raul Antunes
- ESECS—Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), Leiria, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - André Caseiro
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Gomes
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Center for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria João Campos
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Center for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Ferreira
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Center for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), Coimbra, Portugal
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Aksović N, Dobrescu T, Bubanj S, Bjelica B, Milanović F, Kocić M, Zelenović M, Radenković M, Nurkić F, Nikolić D, Marković J, Tomović M, Vulpe AM. Sports Games and Motor Skills in Children, Adolescents and Youth with Intellectual Disabilities. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:912. [PMID: 37371144 DOI: 10.3390/children10060912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Sports games are one of the best ways of engaging in physical activity for individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) and Down syndrome (DS). This systematic review of the current literature aims to identify and sum relevant data on motor skills and clarify whether there are positive effects of sports programs in motor skills games in children, adolescents, and youth with ID and DS. (2) Methods: The systematic review of the papers was carried out following the methodological guidelines and by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) consensus. The following electronic databases were researched: PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and ERIC from 2001 to 2023. (3) Results: The basketball test battery can be used to improve and monitor basketball training. Basketball players with lower levels of ID achieved better results, especially those with disabilities of the II and III degrees. Futsal has a positive impact on the coordination, and the differences between the test results of the vertical jump with and without an arm swing, that can be seen indirectly as a coordination factor, were statistically significant. (4) Conclusions: Basketball is recommended as an effective and practical rehabilitation program for children, adolescents, and youth with ID and DS. Futsal is an interesting and helpful activity for individuals with ID as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Aksović
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Priština, 38218 Priština, Serbia
| | - Tatiana Dobrescu
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Performance, Vasile Alecsandri University, 600115 Bacau, Romania
| | - Saša Bubanj
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Bjelica
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, University of East Sarajevo, 71126 Lukavica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Miodrag Kocić
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Milan Zelenović
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, University of East Sarajevo, 71126 Lukavica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Marko Radenković
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Filip Nurkić
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Dejan Nikolić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovan Marković
- Faculty of Pedagogy, University of Kragujevac, 31000 Užice, Serbia
| | - Milena Tomović
- Sports Medicine Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ana-Maria Vulpe
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Performance, Vasile Alecsandri University, 600115 Bacau, Romania
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Gutiérrez-Cruz C, Del-Cuerpo I, García-Ramos A, Muñoz-López S, Rubio-Cabeza J, Roman-Espinaco A. Effect of the environmental factor of coexistence on the physical condition of people with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2023; 36:585-593. [PMID: 36814055 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main objective of this study was to compare the physical condition of people with intellectual disabilities living in residential homes (RH; restricted residential environment) versus independent homes (IH; family houses while performing paid work). The effect of gender on physical condition was also evaluated separately for each group. METHOD Sixty individuals with mild to moderate intellectual disability, 30 living in RH and 30 living in IH, participated in this study. The RH and IH groups were homogeneous in terms of gender distribution (17 males and 13 females) and intellectual disability level. Body composition, postural balance, and static and dynamic force were considered as dependent variables. RESULTS The IH group performed better in the postural balance and dynamic force tests compared to the RH group, but no significant differences between the groups were observed for any body composition or static force variable. Women in both groups tended to have better postural balance than men, while men presented higher dynamic force. CONCLUSIONS The IH group presented a higher physical fitness compared to RH group. This result emphasises the need to increase the frequency and intensity of the physical activity sessions commonly programed for individuals living in RH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Gutiérrez-Cruz
- Department of Didactics of Musical and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Hermanas Hospitalarias, Fundación Purísima Concepción de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Indya Del-Cuerpo
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Amador García-Ramos
- Hermanas Hospitalarias, Fundación Purísima Concepción de Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Saray Muñoz-López
- Hermanas Hospitalarias, Fundación Purísima Concepción de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Rubio-Cabeza
- Hermanas Hospitalarias, Fundación Purísima Concepción de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Ferreira JP, Matos R, Campos MJ, Monteiro D, Antunes R, Jacinto M. Effects of Physical Exercise Program in Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities-A Study Protocol. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247485. [PMID: 36556101 PMCID: PMC9786148 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a physical exercise (PE) program for people with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), aiming to determine the effects on physical fitness, health, cognitive ability, and quality of life (QoL). Using experimental methodology, this intervention study recruited 21 adults (18 to 65 years old), institutionalized and with no other associated pathology, who will be allocated to one of the different groups: (i) gym/indoor intervention group (using weight machines), (ii) outdoor intervention group (using low-cost materials), or (iii) control group (without specific intervention, who continue with their normal daily activities). Both intervention groups will engage in 45 min of training per session, twice a week, for 24 weeks. Assessments will be conducted at baseline (initial assessment), 3 months (mid-term assessment), and 6 months (final assessment). Variables assessed include anthropometrics, body composition, functional capacity, muscle strength, general health, cognitive ability, and QoL. The results of this study will assist in the development of more effective strategies, recommendations, and interventions to ensure better and greater adherence to PE by institutionalized individuals with IDD, namely, recommendations for assessment, prescription, and implementation of PE for this population. Additionally, we intend to make available two PE programs, if they are adapted and promote positive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Pedro Ferreira
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Center for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Matos
- ESECS–Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), 2040-413 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Maria João Campos
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Center for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diogo Monteiro
- ESECS–Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), 2040-413 Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Raul Antunes
- ESECS–Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), 2040-413 Leiria, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Miguel Jacinto
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
- ESECS–Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), 2040-413 Leiria, Portugal
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12
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Højberg LM, Helge EW, Pingel J, Wienecke J. The Health Effects of 14 Weeks of Physical Activity in a Real-Life Setting for Adults with Intellectual Disabilities. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6817318. [PMID: 38655171 PMCID: PMC11022770 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6817318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Background The life expectancy of individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) is reduced compared to the general population, and one of the main contributors to earlier death is inactivity. Aim To investigate how 14 weeks of physical activity (PA) in a real-life setting affects cardiovascular fitness, body composition and bone health of adults with ID. Methods Adults with ID were recruited into a PA-group (N = 52) or a control group (CON, N = 14). The PA-group participated in 14 weeks of PA, and body composition, cardiovascular fitness and bone health were assessed before and after the intervention. Outcomes and Results. Cardiovascular fitness and body composition improved from pre to post within the PA-group: Heart rates (HR) during the last 30 seconds of two increments of a treadmill test, were reduced (3.2 km/h: -4.4 bpm, p < 0.05; 4.8 km/h: -7.5 bpm, p < 0.001) and fat mass was reduced (-1.02 kg, p < 0.05). A between-group difference in favour of the PA-group, were observed in whole body bone mineral density (BMD) (0.024 g/cm2, p < 0.05). Conclusions and Implications. Fourteen weeks of PA performed in a real-life setting increased cardiovascular fitness, reduced fat mass and improved BMD in the weight-bearing skeleton in the PA-group. Increased and regular PA seems to be a promising tool to promote physical health in adults with ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurits Munk Højberg
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Wulff Helge
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jessica Pingel
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob Wienecke
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Sport and Social Sciences, Norwegian School of Sport Science, Oslo, Norway
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13
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Wang S, Yu H, Lu Z, Wang J. Eight-week virtual reality training improves lower extremity muscle strength but not balance in adolescents with intellectual disability: A randomized controlled trial. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1053065. [DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1053065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to assess the effects of 8-week virtual reality (VR) training on balance and lower extremity muscle strength in adolescents with intellectual disability (ID).Methods: Thirty adolescents with intellectual disability were randomly divided into the virtual reality group and control group. The participants in the virtual reality group and the control group received the virtual reality training and the physical education (PE) course, respectively, for 8 weeks. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and lower extremity muscle strength were measured before and after the training.Results: The between-group results showed that the participants in the virtual reality group increased the muscle strength of hip flexors (p < 0.001), hip extensors (p = 0.002), hip abductors (p < 0.001), knee flexors (p < 0.001), knee extensors (p = 0.002) and ankle plantar flexors (p = 0.042) significantly after training, compared to the control group. However, no significant improvement was found in the berg balance scale and timed up and go scores between the virtual reality group and control group after training (p > 0.05). The within-group results showed that the strength of all the muscle groups significantly increased after training in the virtual reality group (p < 0.05) compared to the baseline. However, no significant difference was found in the muscle strength in the control group before and after training. The within-group berg balance scale and timed up and go scores showed no significant improvements in both groups.Conclusion: Virtual reality training intervention might be effective in improving the lower extremity muscle strength, but no significant improvement was found on balance ability in adolescents with intellectual disability.
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Obrusnikova I, Cavalier AR, Suminski RR, Blair AE, Firkin CJ, Steinbrecher AM. A Resistance Training Intervention for Adults With Intellectual Disability in the Community: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial. Adapt Phys Activ Q 2021; 38:546-568. [PMID: 34010810 DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2020-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adults with an intellectual disability have significantly lower levels of fitness compared with the general population. This study examined the effects of a 13-week theoretically guided, community-based, multicomponent resistance training intervention, resistance training for empowerment, on muscular strength and independent functional performance in 24 adults with an intellectual disability, aged 18-44 years. Twelve participants were randomly allocated to an experimental group and 12 to an active control group. An analysis of covariance revealed that the experimental group had significantly greater increases (p < .05) on the chest press and leg press one-repetition maximum tests and the 6-min walk test from the baseline to postintervention compared with the control group. The experimental group correctly and independently performed a significantly greater number of steps of resistance training exercise tasks than the control group. Marginal significance and large effect sizes were found for the prone plank test and the stair climb test. The resistance training for empowerment was effective in promoting muscular strength and independent functional performance among adults with an intellectual disability.
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15
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Prescription and Effects of Strength Training in Individuals with Intellectual Disability-A Systematic Review. Sports (Basel) 2021; 9:sports9090125. [PMID: 34564330 PMCID: PMC8470102 DOI: 10.3390/sports9090125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The practice of physical exercise (PE), especially strength training (ST), has health benefits in the healthy population; however, the literature is scarce in the recommendations related to the population with intellectual disability (ID). This study represents the first analysis on the topic and aims to examine the structure and efficacy of ST experimental intervention programs in individuals with ID. This systematic review was carried out between January and April 2021, using the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases, according to the PRISMA guidelines. From a total of 166 studies, eight were included in the present systematic review. The studies included a total of 280 individuals (18.23 ± 2.86 years old). The main features of the exercise programs are: 12 weeks average duration, three weekly sessions of 45–60 min, six to seven exercises targeting the main muscle groups, two to three sets, 6–12 repetitions, and avoiding free weights for safety reasons. The main results showed increments in strength, balance and fat-free mass and decrements in fat mass and waist circumference. It is a useful guideline for PE technicians to prescribe and adjust correctly in order to not only promote physical fitness, but improve the quality of life of individuals with ID.
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Obrusnikova I, Firkin CJ, Farquhar WB. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of aerobic exercise interventions on cardiorespiratory fitness in adults with intellectual disability. Disabil Health J 2021; 15:101185. [PMID: 34452861 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2021.101185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults with an intellectual disability (ID) have low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Low CRF has been associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Participation in regular exercise can help adults with ID increase their CRF. OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of published, peer-reviewed clinical trials that evaluated the effects of aerobic exercise (AE) interventions on CRF in adults with ID, ages 18-65 years. METHODS English-language articles were searched up to June 2021 from 11 electronic databases. Data were extracted using an author-developed form. Two independent authors assessed the risk of bias using the Tool for the Assessment of Study Quality and reporting in Exercise (TESTEX). Meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.3. RESULTS Of the 1870 article titles and abstracts screened, 16 articles were included. The average TESTEX score (out of 15) was 8.1 (SD = 3.5, range 2-14). The pooled effect was statistically significant (SMD = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.63, z = 3.59; p = .000) with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 35%, p = .000). Both types of intervention produced statistically significant CRF gains, with interventions that combined AE with resistance, balance, and/or flexibility exercises being slightly more effective (SMD = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.70, p = .007) than non-combined interventions (SMD = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.79, p = .02). Heterogeneity was moderate but non-significant for both types of intervention. CONCLUSIONS The review supports the use of AE interventions in promoting CRF in adults with ID. The interpretation is limited by the quality of evidence and by poorly described and/or executed familiarization and measurement protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Obrusnikova
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, United States.
| | - Cora J Firkin
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, United States
| | - William B Farquhar
- Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, United States
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