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Sortino M, Trovato B, Zanghì M, Roggio F, Musumeci G. Active Breaks Reduce Back Overload during Prolonged Sitting: Ergonomic Analysis with Infrared Thermography. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3178. [PMID: 38892891 PMCID: PMC11172579 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Prolonged sitting is a potential risk factor for musculoskeletal disorders in office workers. This study aims to evaluate the effect of active breaks on reducing muscle overload in subjects who sit for long periods using infrared thermography (IRT). Methods: A sample of 57 office workers participated in this study and were divided into two groups: active breaks (ABs) and no active breaks (NABs). The NAB group sat continuously for 90 min without standing up, while the AB group performed stretching and mobility exercises every 30 min. IRT measurements were taken every 30 min before the active breaks. Results: The results highlight that the skin temperature of the back increased significantly in both groups after 30 min of sitting; however, in the subsequent measurements, the AB group showed a decrease in temperature, while the NAB group maintained a high temperature. Exercise and time point of measurement all reported p-values < 0.001; there were no statistically significant differences between the Δt0-1 of the NAB and AB groups, while the Δt1-2 and Δt1-3 of the NAB and AB groups showed statistically significant differences for all back regions. Conclusions: The clinical relevance of this study confirms the negative effects of prolonged sitting on the health of the back, demonstrating that active breaks can reduce back strain, emphasizing the need for workplace interventions. In addition, IRT represents a non-invasive method to assess back muscle overload and monitor the effectiveness of interventions in all categories of workers who maintain a prolonged sitting position. The main limitation of this study is the absence of a questionnaire for the assessment of back pain, which does not allow a direct correlation between temperature changes and back pain outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Sortino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (G.M.)
| | - Bruno Trovato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (G.M.)
| | - Marta Zanghì
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (G.M.)
| | - Federico Roggio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (G.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (G.M.)
- Research Center on Motor Activities (CRAM), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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Patti A, Fischetti F, Sahin FN, Bianco A. Editorial: Postural control, exercise physiology and the balance training-type of exercises, mechanisms and insights, volume II. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1428692. [PMID: 38846422 PMCID: PMC11153802 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1428692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Patti
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Fischetti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Study of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Fatma Nese Sahin
- Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Science, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Antonino Bianco
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Shourie F, Ghasemi B, Shafizadeh A, Bagherian S, Verhagen E. The effect of exercise therapy as a tool for preventing and treating musculoskeletal disorders among school-aged children: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:381. [PMID: 38745218 PMCID: PMC11092247 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07510-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children spend a lot of time in school, and there are many ergonomic hazards and postural malalignments that put children at greater risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise therapy on preventing and treating musculoskeletal disorders among school-aged children. METHOD This randomised controlled trial included 212 (121 boys and 91 girls) school-aged children aged 13-15 years assigned to treatment (n = 106) and prevention (n = 106) groups, where the treatment group contained individuals with MSDs and prevention group contained individuals without MSDs. In each group, half of the individuals received exercise therapy (50 min per session, four times per week, for an 8-week), and others continued their daily lives. MSDs and physical activity were assessed by the Teen Nordic Musculoskeletal Screening Questionnaire and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, respectively, at baseline and after the experimental protocol. RESULTS There was a statistically significant reduction in the frequency of MSDs in the treatment group and occurring MSDs in the prevention group (P ≤ .05). Also, there was significant improvement in all variables of walking, moderate physical activity, vigorous physical activity, and total in intervention groups spatially in students who received exercise therapy (P ≤ .05). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the effectiveness of exercise therapy in reducing and preventing MSDs and improving physical activity levels among school-aged children aged 13-15 years. TRIAL REGISTRATIONS Ethical Committee of Shahrekord University (IR.SKU.REC.1401.022) (registration date: 31/05/2022). Clinical Trail Registration (IRCT20220705055375N1), (registration date: 29/07/2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Shourie
- Department of Sport Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Behnam Ghasemi
- Department of Sport Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ali Shafizadeh
- Department of Sport Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Sajad Bagherian
- Department of Sport Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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de Almeida PP, de Oliveira RG, de Almeida LIM, de Oliveira LC. Effects of Pilates exercises on health-related quality of life in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Qual Life Res 2024:10.1007/s11136-024-03651-x. [PMID: 38602630 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-024-03651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify the effects of Pilates exercises on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in postmenopausal women. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Web of Science, LILACS, SportDiscus, Scielo, and PEDro. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that intervened with Pilates and had HRQoL as an outcome were eligible. The methodological quality of each RCT was assessed using the PEDro scale and the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE system. Meta-analyses were conducted by standardized mean difference (SMD). RESULTS Initially, 760 records were located. After screening, 11 RCTs were included in the systematic review. Five studies presented low risk of bias (PEDro score ≥ 6). Evidence of very low to moderate certainty demonstrated significant effects in favor of Pilates exercises vs control groups for five of the nine HRQoL domains analyzed: bodily pain (SMD = 0.96), physical functioning (SMD = 0.85), social functioning (SMD = 0.45), role physical (SMD = 0.79), and role emotional (SMD = 0.61). Subgroup analyzes demonstrated that Pilates had a positive impact on more domains whens administered for ≥ 48 sessions (eight domains) vs < 48 sessions (three domains); and when administered on equipment (seven domains) vs mat (three domains). CONCLUSION Pilates exercises, in general, allowed significant effects to improve HRQoL in postmenopausal women, especially when performed on equipment and when administered for at least 48 sessions. However, no analysis showed high certainty of evidence, and more RCTs of high methodological quality are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Peruzzolo de Almeida
- Health Sciences Center, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Alameda Padre Magno, no 841, Nova Alcântara, CEP: 86.400-000, Jacarezinho, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Raphael Gonçalves de Oliveira
- Health Sciences Center, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Alameda Padre Magno, no 841, Nova Alcântara, CEP: 86.400-000, Jacarezinho, Paraná, Brazil
- Health Sciences Research Center, Universidade Norte do Paraná, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Laura Isabel Martins de Almeida
- Health Sciences Center, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Alameda Padre Magno, no 841, Nova Alcântara, CEP: 86.400-000, Jacarezinho, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Laís Campos de Oliveira
- Health Sciences Center, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Alameda Padre Magno, no 841, Nova Alcântara, CEP: 86.400-000, Jacarezinho, Paraná, Brazil.
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Amin WM, Ali OI, Malik S, Draj SAI, Masoud FAM, Sohel AMI, Al Amer AM, Khurayzi RHH, Ahmed MM. Effects of Pilates Exercises on Core Stability After Recovery from COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:753-763. [PMID: 38404718 PMCID: PMC10893876 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s453050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The primary objective was to investigate the effects of Pilates exercises on CS, and the secondary objective was to assess static trunk balance after recovery from COVID-19. Patients and Methods 145 recovered COVID-19 university students between the ages of 19 and 25 participated in this single-blinded, randomized controlled trial study. The participants were divided into a Pilates group and a control group, each of which received a home exercise program. Core muscle endurance was measured using the five basic endurance tests and static balance using the Prokin system with open eyes (OE) and closed eyes (CE) at baseline and after three months of treatment. Results All measured parameters showed improvement within the groups after treatment. Group comparison revealed a significant increase in the Pilates group in all core endurance tests (P<0.001). The Prokin system results showed improvement in the Pilates group after treatment, while perimeter with OE, CE, and ellipse area with EC decreased (P<0.001), but there was no significant difference in ellipse with OE between the groups. Conclusion Pilates exercises positively improved core muscle endurance and trunk balance in people infected with COVID-19, which will be reflected in their quality of movement patterns and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa Mahmoud Amin
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Basic Science for Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Olfat Ibrahim Ali
- Physical Therapy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Basic Science Department, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shazia Malik
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhair Asous I Draj
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima Ahmed M Masoud
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Mohammed I Sohel
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asayil Mari Al Amer
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasmiah Hassan H Khurayzi
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Ahmed
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Basic Science Department, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Dos Reis AL, de Oliveira LC, de Oliveira RG. Effects of stretching in a pilates program on musculoskeletal fitness: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:11. [PMID: 38191589 PMCID: PMC10775508 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00808-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The scientific literature questions the impact of stretching exercises performed immediately before muscle strengthening exercises on different components of musculoskeletal physical fitness. Pilates is a physical exercise modality that typically uses stretching exercises preceding muscle-strengthening exercises. However, no studies have investigated the effects of stretching in a Pilates program on components of musculoskeletal fitness. The aim of the present study was to verify the effects of stretching in a Pilates exercise program on flexibility, strength, vertical jump height and muscular endurance. METHODS Thirty-two sedentary young women were randomized into two groups: traditional Pilates (TP), who performed flexibility and muscle strengthening exercises (n = 16), and nontraditional Pilates (NTP), who only performed muscle-strengthening exercises (n = 16). Sessions took place 3 times a week for 8 weeks. The following tests were performed pre- and postintervention: 10-RM knee extensors, vertical jump, handgrip, 1-min sit-ups, Sorensen and sit-and-reach. The occurrence of adverse events was recorded throughout the intervention and compared between groups using odds ratio (OR). To compare the results of motor tests between groups, ANCOVA or Mann‒Whitney U test was used for parametric and nonparametric data, respectively. The data were analyzed by intention-to-treat. RESULTS After intervention, the TP was superior to NTP for the sit-and-reach test, with a large effect size (d = 0.87; p = 0.035), with no differences between groups for the other tests. Intragroup comparisons showed significant differences (p < 0.05) for TP and NTP for improvement in 10-RM knee extensors and vertical jump measurements, while only TP showed significant intragroup improvement (p < 0.05) for the sit-and-reach test. A greater chance of experiencing pain or other discomfort as a result of exercise was shown by NTP (OR = 4.20, CI95% 0.69 to 25.26). CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that stretching exercises performed at the beginning of sessions in a Pilates program did not impair or enhance the development of strength, vertical jump height and muscular endurance in young women. However, only the Pilates program with stretching improved flexibility and reduced the chances of adverse events such as musculoskeletal pain and other discomfort resulting from the exercise protocol. CLINICALTRIALS GOV: NCT05538520, prospectively registered on September 16, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Lopes Dos Reis
- Postgraduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Alameda Padre Magno, 841, Nova Alcântara, Jacarezinho, PR, CEP: 86400-000, Brazil
| | - Laís Campos de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Alameda Padre Magno, 841, Nova Alcântara, Jacarezinho, PR, CEP: 86400-000, Brazil
| | - Raphael Gonçalves de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Alameda Padre Magno, 841, Nova Alcântara, Jacarezinho, PR, CEP: 86400-000, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Exercise in Health Promotion, Health Sciences Research Center, Universidade Norte do Paraná (UNOPAR), Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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Patti A, Giustino V, Messina G, Figlioli F, Cataldi S, Poli L, Belmonte G, Valenza A, Amato A, Thomas E, Rutkowska I, Esteban-García P, Palma A, Bianco A. Effects of Cycling on Spine: A Case-Control Study Using a 3D Scanning Method. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:227. [PMID: 37999444 PMCID: PMC10675153 DOI: 10.3390/sports11110227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the effects of adopting a specific and prolonged posture on cyclists. This study aimed to evaluate the upright spine in a sample of recreational cyclists and compare it with a sample of non-cyclists, though still athletes, through a 3D scanning method. METHODS Forty-eight participants were enrolled in this observational study. The sample consisted of 25 cyclists for the cycling group and 23 non-cyclist athletes for the control group. The Spine3D device (Sensor Medica, Guidonia Montecelio, Rome, Italy) was used to evaluate the spine of the participants in both groups. RESULTS The results showed significantly greater spine inclination in the cycling group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in lumbar lordosis in the cycling group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This case-control study raises the possibility that the onset of lower back pain in cyclists may be due to a reduction in lumbar lordosis. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that the Spine3D device can be used in sports to monitor the spine of athletes to prevent and reduce musculoskeletal deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Patti
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (A.P.); (V.G.); (E.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Valerio Giustino
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (A.P.); (V.G.); (E.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Messina
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University, 00133 Rome, Italy
- PLab Research Institute, 90131 Palermo, Italy
| | - Flavia Figlioli
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (A.P.); (V.G.); (E.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Stefania Cataldi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy (L.P.)
| | - Luca Poli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy (L.P.)
| | - Giacomo Belmonte
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (A.P.); (V.G.); (E.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Alessandro Valenza
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (A.P.); (V.G.); (E.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Alessandra Amato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Ewan Thomas
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (A.P.); (V.G.); (E.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Izabela Rutkowska
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paula Esteban-García
- Performance and Sport Rehabilitation Laboratory, PerlaSport Group, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science, University of Castilla la Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Antonio Palma
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (A.P.); (V.G.); (E.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Antonino Bianco
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (A.P.); (V.G.); (E.T.); (A.B.)
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