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Stratiievska A, Filippova O, Özpolat T, Byrne D, Bailey SL, Chauhan A, Mollica MY, Harris J, Esancy K, Chen J, Dhaka AK, Sniadecki NJ, López JA, Stolla M. Cold temperature induces a TRPM8-independent calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum in human platelets. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0289395. [PMID: 38437228 PMCID: PMC10911599 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The detection of temperature by the human sensory system is life-preserving and highly evolutionarily conserved. Platelets are sensitive to temperature changes and are activated by a decrease in temperature, akin to sensory neurons. However, the molecular mechanism of this temperature-sensing ability is unknown. Yet, platelet activation by temperature could contribute to numerous clinical sequelae, most importantly to reduced quality of ex vivo-stored platelets for transfusion. In this multidisciplinary study, we present evidence for the expression of the temperature-sensitive ion channel transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily member 8 (TRPM8) in human platelets and precursor cells. We found the TRPM8 mRNA and protein in MEG-01 cells and platelets. Inhibition of TRPM8 prevented temperature-induced platelet activation and shape change. However, chemical agonists of TRPM8 did not seem to have an acute effect on platelets. When exposing platelets to below-normal body temperature, we detected a cytosolic calcium increase which was independent of TRPM8 but was completely dependent on the calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum. Because of the high interindividual variability of TRPM8 expression, a population-based approach should be the focus of future studies. Our study suggests that the cold response of platelets is complex and TRPM8 appears to play a role in early temperature-induced activation of platelets, while other mechanisms likely contribute to later stages of temperature-mediated platelet response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Filippova
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Tahsin Özpolat
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Daire Byrne
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - S Lawrence Bailey
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Aastha Chauhan
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Molly Y Mollica
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Jeff Harris
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Kali Esancy
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Junmei Chen
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Ajay K Dhaka
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Nathan J Sniadecki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - José A López
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Moritz Stolla
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
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Influence of Antiplatelet Agents on the Lipid Composition of Platelet Plasma Membrane: A Lipidomics Approach with Ticagrelor and Its Active Metabolite. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031432. [PMID: 33572690 PMCID: PMC7866994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids contained in the plasma membrane of platelets play an important role in platelet function. Modifications in the lipid composition can fluidify or rigidify the environment around embedded receptors, in order to facilitate the access of the receptor by the drug. However, data concerning the lipid composition of platelet plasma membrane need to be updated. In addition, data on the impact of drugs on plasma membrane composition, in particular antiplatelet agents, remain sparse. After isolation of platelet plasma membrane, we assessed, using lipidomics, the effect of ticagrelor, a P2Y12 antagonist, and its active metabolite on the lipid composition of these plasma membranes. We describe the exact lipid composition of plasma membrane, including all sub-species. Ticagrelor and its active metabolite significantly increased cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine ether with short saturated acyl chains 16:0/16:0, and decreased phosphatidylcholine, suggesting overall rigidification of the membrane. Furthermore, ticagrelor and its active metabolite decreased some arachidonylated plasmalogens, suggesting a decrease in availability of arachidonic acid from the membrane phospholipids for synthesis of biologically active mediators. To conclude, ticagrelor and its active metabolite seem to influence the lipid environment of receptors embedded in the lipid bilayer and modify the behavior of the plasma membrane.
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Shultz RB, Katiyar KS, Laimo FA, Burrell JC, Browne KD, Ali ZS, Cullen DK. Biopreservation of living tissue engineered nerve grafts. J Tissue Eng 2021; 12:20417314211032488. [PMID: 34394908 PMCID: PMC8361542 DOI: 10.1177/20417314211032488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineered nerve grafts (TENGs) built from living neurons and aligned axon tracts offer a revolutionary new approach as "living scaffolds" to bridge major peripheral nerve defects. Clinical application, however, necessitates sufficient shelf-life to allow for shipping from manufacturing facility to clinic as well as storage until use. Here, hypothermic storage in commercially available hibernation media is explored as a potential biopreservation strategy for TENGs. After up to 28 days of refrigeration at 4℃, TENGs maintain viability and structure in vitro. Following transplantation into 1 cm rat sciatic defects, biopreserved TENGs routinely survive and persist for at least 2 weeks and recapitulate pro-regenerative mechanisms of fresh TENGs, including the ability to recruit regenerating host tissue into the graft and extend neurites beyond the margins of the graft. The protocols and timelines established here serve as important foundational work for the manufacturing, storage, and translation of other neuron-based tissue engineered therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Shultz
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
- Axonova Medical, LLC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kritika S Katiyar
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Axonova Medical, LLC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Franco A Laimo
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Justin C Burrell
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin D Browne
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zarina S Ali
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Nerve Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel K Cullen
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Axonova Medical, LLC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Field CL, Tablin F. Response of Northern Elephant Seal platelets to pressure and temperature changes: A comparison with human platelets. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2012; 162:289-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Revised: 01/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lacerda SHDP, Semberova J, Holada K, Simakova O, Hudson SD, Simak J. Carbon nanotubes activate store-operated calcium entry in human blood platelets. ACS NANO 2011; 5:5808-13. [PMID: 21639133 DOI: 10.1021/nn2015369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are known to potentiate arterial thrombosis in animal models, which raises serious safety issues concerning environmental or occupational exposure to CNTs and their use in various biomedical applications. We have shown previously that different CNTs, but not fullerene (nC60), induce the aggregation of human blood platelets. To date, however, a mechanism of potentially thrombogenic CNT-induced platelet activation has not been elucidated. Here we show that pristine multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs) penetrate platelet plasma membrane without any discernible damage but interact with the dense tubular system (DTS) causing depletion of platelet intracellular Ca(2+) stores. This process is accompanied by the clustering of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) colocalized with Orai1, indicating the activation of store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE). Our findings reveal the molecular mechanism of CNT-induced platelet activation which is critical in the evaluation of the biocompatibility of carbon nanomaterials with blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia H De Paoli Lacerda
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20852-1448, USA
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Macroscopic domain formation during cooling in the platelet plasma membrane: an issue of low cholesterol content. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2009; 1788:1229-37. [PMID: 19341703 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2008] [Revised: 02/24/2009] [Accepted: 03/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
There has been ample debate on whether cell membranes can present macroscopic lipid domains as predicted by three-component phase diagrams obtained by fluorescence microscopy. Several groups have argued that membrane proteins and interactions with the cytoskeleton inhibit the formation of large domains. In contrast, some polarizable cells do show large regions with qualitative differences in lipid fluidity. It is important to ask more precisely, based on the current phase diagrams, under what conditions would large domains be expected to form in cells. In this work we study the thermotropic phase behavior of the platelet plasma membrane by FTIR, and compare it to a POPC/Sphingomyelin/Cholesterol model representing the outer leaflet composition. We find that this model closely reflects the platelet phase behavior. Previous work has shown that the platelet plasma membrane presents inhomogeneous distribution of DiI18:0 at 24 degrees C, but not at 37 degrees C, which suggests the formation of macroscopic lipid domains at low temperatures. We show by fluorescence microscopy, and by comparison with published phase diagrams, that the outer leaflet model system enters the macroscopic domain region only at the lower temperature. In addition, the low cholesterol content in platelets ( approximately 15 mol%), appears to be crucial for the formation of large domains during cooling.
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Badlou BA, van der Meer PF, Akkerman JWN, Smid WM, Pietersz RNI. Metabolic energy reduction by glucose deprivation and low gas exchange preserves platelet function after 48 h storage at 4 °C. Vox Sang 2007; 92:311-8. [PMID: 17456155 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2007.00891.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We showed earlier that metabolically suppressed platelets (MSP) prepared by incubation in glucose-free, antimycin A medium at 37 degrees C better sustained storage at 4 degrees C than untreated controls at 22 degrees C. However, the use of the mitochondrial inhibitor antimycin A is incompatible with platelet transfusion. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate how energy-reduced (ER) platelets could be prepared in the absence of antimycin A. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Platelets in gas-impermeable bags in glucose-free medium were kept at 22 degrees C for 4 h to reduce energy stores and thereafter stored at 4 degrees C (ER22-4). Controls were energy-reduced platelets without prior incubation at 22 degrees C (ER4), and MSPs in test tubes and untreated platelets in gas-permeable bags with glucose and stored at 22 degrees C (C22) and 4 degrees C (C4). RESULTS After 48 h storage, ER22-4 were superior to C22 with respect to pH preservation (6 x 4 +/- 0 x 4 vs. 5 x 0 +/- 0 x 4, n= 4), platelet count (800 +/- 225 vs. 650 +/- 150 x 10(9)), thrombin receptor-activating peptide-induced aggregation (50 +/- 15 vs. 10 +/- 5%) and glycoprotein (GP)Ib alpha expression (60 +/- 15% vs. 28 +/- 15). GPIb alpha expression was higher in ER22-4 than in ER4, indicating that energy suppression preserved GPIb alpha during cold storage. CONCLUSION Metabolic suppression without the use of antimycin A could be mimicked by storage of platelets in glucose-free medium in gas-impermeable bags. Energy suppression preserved GPIb alpha expression during storage at 4 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Badlou
- Sanquin Blood Bank North-West Region, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Arnulphi C, Sánchez SA, Tricerri MA, Gratton E, Jonas A. Interaction of human apolipoprotein A-I with model membranes exhibiting lipid domains. Biophys J 2005; 89:285-95. [PMID: 15849246 PMCID: PMC1366526 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.104.047480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several mechanisms for cell cholesterol efflux have been proposed, including membrane microsolubilization, suggesting that the existence of specific domains could enhance the transfer of lipids to apolipoproteins. In this work isothermal titration calorimetry, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and two-photon microscopy are used to study the interaction of lipid-free apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) with small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) of 1-palmitoyl, 2-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine (POPC) and sphingomyelin (SM), with and without cholesterol. Below 30 degrees C the calorimetric results show that apoA-I interaction with POPC/SM SUVs produces an exothermic reaction, characterized as nonclassical hydrophobic binding. The heat capacity change (DeltaCp degrees ) is small and positive, whereas it was larger and negative for pure POPC bilayers, in the absence of SM. Inclusion of cholesterol in the membranes induces changes in the observed thermodynamic pattern of binding and counteracts the formation of alpha-helices in the protein. Above 30 degrees C the reactions are endothermic. Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) of identical composition to the SUVs, and two-photon fluorescence microscopy techniques, were utilized to further characterize the interaction. Fluorescence imaging of the GUVs indicates coexistence of lipid domains under 30 degrees C. Binding experiments and Laurdan generalized-polarization measurements suggest that there is no preferential binding of the labeled apoA-I to any particular domain. Changes in the content of alpha-helix, binding, and fluidity data are discussed in the framework of the thermodynamic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Arnulphi
- Department of Biochemistry, and Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA .
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Zhang JN, Wood J, Bergeron AL, McBride L, Ball C, Yu Q, Pusiteri AE, Holcomb JB, Dong JF. Effects of low temperature on shear-induced platelet aggregation and activation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 57:216-23. [PMID: 15345964 DOI: 10.1097/01.ta.0000093366.98819.fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemorrhage is a major complication of trauma and often becomes more severe in hypothermic patients. Although it has been known that platelets are activated in the cold, studies have been focused on platelet behavior at 4 degrees C, which is far below temperatures encountered in hypothermic trauma patients. In contrast, how platelets function at temperatures that are commonly found in hypothermic trauma patients (32-37 degrees C) remains largely unknown, especially when they are exposed to significant changes in fluid shear stress that could occur in trauma patients due to hemorrhage, vascular dilation/constriction, and fluid resuscitation. METHODS Using a cone-plate viscometer, we have examined platelet activation and aggregation in response to a wide range of fluid shear stresses at 24, 32, 35, and 37 degrees C. RESULTS We found that shear-induced platelet aggregation was significantly increased at 24, 32, and 35 degrees C as compared with 37 degrees C and the enhancement was observed in whole blood and platelet-rich plasma. In contrast to observation made at 4 degrees C, the increased shear-induced platelet aggregation at these temperatures was associated with minimal platelet activation as determined by the P-selectin expression on platelet surface. Blood viscosity was also increased at low temperature and the changes in viscosity correlated with levels of plasma total protein and fibrinogen. CONCLUSION We found that platelets are hyper-reactive to fluid shear stress at temperatures of 24, 32, and 35 degrees C as compared with at 37 degrees C. The hyperreactivity results in heightened aggregation through a platelet-activation independent mechanism. The enhanced platelet aggregation parallels with increased whole blood viscosity at these temperatures, suggesting that enhanced mechanical cross-linking may be responsible for the enhanced platelet aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-ning Zhang
- Section of Thrombosis Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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10
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Wolkers WF, Looper SA, Fontanilla RA, Tsvetkova NM, Tablin F, Crowe JH. Temperature dependence of fluid phase endocytosis coincides with membrane properties of pig platelets. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2003; 1612:154-63. [PMID: 12787933 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(03)00114-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In previous studies we have shown that platelets take up low molecular weight molecules from the medium by fluid phase endocytosis, a phenomenon that we previously have used to load trehalose into human platelets, after which we have successfully freeze-dried them. We now extend those findings to a species to be used in animal trials of freeze-dried platelets:pigs. Further, we report results of studies aimed at elucidating the mechanism of the uptake. Temperature dependence of fluid-phase endocytosis was determined in pig platelets, using lucifer yellow carbohydrazide (LY) as a marker. A biphasic curve of marker uptake versus temperature was obtained. The activation energy was significantly higher above 22 degrees C (18.7+/-1.8 kcal/mol) than below that critical temperature (7.5+/-1.5 kcal/mol). The activation energy of fluid phase endocytosis in human platelets was 24.1+/-1.6 kcal/mol above 15 degrees C. In order to establish a correlation between the effect of temperature on fluid phase endocytosis and the membrane physical state, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and fluorescence anisotropy experiments were conducted. FTIR studies showed that pig platelets exhibit a main membrane phase transition at approximately 12 degrees C, and two smaller transitions at 26 and 37 degrees C. Anisotropy experiments performed with 1,6 diphenyl-1,3,5 hexatriene (DPH) complemented FTIR results and showed a major transition at 8 degrees C and smaller transitions at 26 and 35 degrees C. In order to investigate the relative roles of known participants in fluid phase endocytosis, the effects of several chemical inhibitors were investigated. LY uptake was unaffected by colchicine, methylamine, and amiloride. However, disruption of specific microdomains in the membrane (rafts) by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin reduced uptake of LY by 35%. Treatment with cytochalasin B, which inhibits actin polymerization, reduced the uptake by 25%. We conclude that the inflection point in the LY uptake versus temperature plot at around 22 degrees C is correlated with changes in membrane physical state, and that optimal LY internalization requires an intact cytoskeleton and intact membrane rafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem F Wolkers
- Biostabilization Program, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Crowe JH, Tablin F, Wolkers WF, Gousset K, Tsvetkova NM, Ricker J. Stabilization of membranes in human platelets freeze-dried with trehalose. Chem Phys Lipids 2003; 122:41-52. [PMID: 12598037 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-3084(02)00177-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human blood platelets are normally stored in blood banks for 3-5 days, after which they are discarded. We have launched an effort at developing means for preserving the platelets for long term storage. In previous studies we have shown that trehalose can be used to preserve biological membranes and proteins during drying and have provided evidence concerning the mechanism. A myth has grown up about special properties of trehalose, which we discuss here and clarify some of what is fact and what is misconception. We have found a simple way of introducing this sugar into the cytoplasm of platelets and have successfully freeze-dried the trehalose-loaded platelets, with very promising results. We present evidence that membrane microdomains are maintained intact in the platelets freeze-dried with trehalose. Finally, we propose a possible mechanism by which the microdomains are preserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Crowe
- Center for Biostabilization, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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12
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Tomczak MM, Hincha DK, Estrada SD, Wolkers WF, Crowe LM, Feeney RE, Tablin F, Crowe JH. A mechanism for stabilization of membranes at low temperatures by an antifreeze protein. Biophys J 2002; 82:874-81. [PMID: 11806929 PMCID: PMC1301896 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(02)75449-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polar fish, cold hardy plants, and overwintering insects produce antifreeze proteins (AFPs), which lower the freezing point of solutions noncolligatively and inhibit ice crystal growth. Fish AFPs have been shown to stabilize membranes and cells in vitro during hypothermic storage, probably by interacting with the plasma membrane, but the mechanism of this stabilization has not been clear. We show here that during chilling to nonfreezing temperatures the alpha-helical AFP type I from polar fish inhibits leakage across model membranes containing an unsaturated chloroplast galactolipid. The mechanism involves binding of the AFP to the bilayer, which increases the phase transition temperature of the membranes and alters the molecular packing of the acyl chains. We suggest that this change in acyl chain packing results in the reduced membrane permeability. The data suggest a hydrophobic interaction between the peptide and the bilayer. Further, we suggest that the expression of AFP type I in transgenic plants may be significant for thermal adaptation of chilling-sensitive plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie M Tomczak
- Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
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13
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Gousset K, Wolkers WF, Tsvetkova NM, Oliver AE, Field CL, Walker NJ, Crowe JH, Tablin F. Evidence for a physiological role for membrane rafts in human platelets. J Cell Physiol 2002; 190:117-28. [PMID: 11807818 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.10039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated raft formation in human platelets in response to cell activation. Lipid phase separation and domain formation were detected using the fluorescent dye 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate (diI-C(18)) that preferentially partitions into gel-like lipid domains. We showed that when human platelets are activated by cold and physiological agonists, rafts coalesce into visible aggregates. These events were disrupted by depletion of membrane cholesterol. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), we measured a thermal phase transition at around 30 degrees C in intact platelets, which we have assigned as the liquid-ordered to the liquid-disordered phase transition of rafts. Phase separation of the phospholipid and the sphingomyelin-enriched rafts could be observed as two phase transitions at around 15 and 30 degrees C, respectively. The higher transition, assigned to the rafts, was greatly enhanced with removal of membrane cholesterol. Detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) were enriched in cholesterol (50%) and sphingomyelin (20%). The multi-functional platelet receptor CD36 selectively partitioned into DRMs, whereas the GPI-linked protein CD55 and the major platelet integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3a) did not, which suggests that the clustering of proteins within rafts is a regulated process dependent on specific lipid protein interactions. We suggest that raft aggregation is a dynamic, reversible physiological event triggered by cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Gousset
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, 2315 Haring Hall, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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14
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Wolkers WF, Walker NJ, Tablin F, Crowe JH. Human platelets loaded with trehalose survive freeze-drying. Cryobiology 2001; 42:79-87. [PMID: 11448110 DOI: 10.1006/cryo.2001.2306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human blood platelets are stored in blood banks for 5 days, after which they are discarded, by federal regulation. This short lifetime has led to a chronic shortage of platelets, a problem that is particularly acute in immunosuppressed patients, such as those with AIDS. We report here that platelets can be preserved by freeze-drying them with trehalose, a sugar found at high concentrations in organisms that naturally survive drying. We suggest that these findings will obviate the storage problem with platelets. Trehalose is rapidly taken up by human platelets at 37 degrees C, with loading efficiencies of 50% or greater. Fluid-phase endocytosis plays an important role in this efficient uptake of trehalose, but other mechanisms may also be involved. Trehalose-loaded platelets were successfully freeze-dried, with excellent recovery of intact platelets. Rehydration from the vapor phase led to a survival rate of 85%. The response of these platelets to the agonists thrombin (1 U/ml), collagen (2 microg/ml), ADP (20 micromM), and ristocetin (1.6 mg/ml) was almost identical to that of fresh, control platelets. Analysis by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated that the membrane and protein components of trehalose-loaded platelets after freeze-drying, prehydration, and rehydration were remarkably similar to those of fresh platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- W F Wolkers
- Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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15
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Tsvetkova NM, Walker NJ, Crowe JH, Field CL, Shi Y, Tablin F. Lipid phase separation correlates with activation in platelets during chilling. Mol Membr Biol 2000; 17:209-18. [PMID: 11302374 DOI: 10.1080/09687680010013966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
When human platelets are chilled below 22 degrees C, they spontaneously activate, a phenomenon that severely limits their storage life. It has previously been proposed that there is a correlation between cold-induced platelet activation and passage of the membranes through a liquid-crystalline to gel phase transition. Because animal models are essential for developing methods for cold storage of platelets, it is necessary to investigate such a correlation in animal platelets. In this work, horse platelets were used as a model, and it was found that cold-induced morphological activation is related to the lipid phase transition. Using fluorescence microscopy with the lipophilic fluorescent dye 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate (Dil-C18), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), it was found that lipid phase separation occurs during cooling and low temperature storage. Furthermore, removal of cholesterol from the plasma membrane also induced a phase separation, possibly between specific phospholipid classes. Steady-state fluorescence anisotropy of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) and trimethylammonium-DPH (TMA-DPH) were compared in cells and multilamellar vesicles (MLV) composed of platelet lipids. Cholesterol depletion led to a decrease in the fluorescence anisotropy of the two probes, which can be explained by changes in the order of the phospholipid molecules. In addition, the lipid composition and fatty acid profile of the cellular phospholipids were determined. Based of the similarities between horse and human platelets, it is suggested that horse platelets may be used as a model for studying cold-stored platelets. The results are discussed in relation to the possible role of phase separation during cell signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Tsvetkova
- Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, 95616, USA.
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Tablin F, Walker NJ, Klein SD, Field CL, Crowe JH. Animal models for studies on cold-induced platelet activation in human beings. THE JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AND CLINICAL MEDICINE 2000; 135:339-46. [PMID: 10779050 DOI: 10.1067/mlc.2000.105619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
When human platelets are chilled below about 20 degrees C, they spontaneously activate, a phenomenon that limits their storage lifetime. We have previously shown that this activation in chilled human platelets is associated with passage through a lipid phase transition. Because animal models are necessary for Investigating methods for cold storage of platelets, it is essential to determine whether such phase transitions and chilling-induced activation are found in these models. In this study we examined platelets from some commonly used animal models-pigs, rhesus monkeys, mice, dogs, and rabbits. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), we detected the thermotropic membrane phase transition in Intact platelets and assessed the morphologic response of the platelets to chilling. Statistical analysis of both FTIR and shape change show that of the animal models tested, pig platelets are most similar to human platelets. These studies suggest that pigs and pig platelets are the models of choice for the study of cold-induced platelet activation in human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Tablin
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis 95616, USA
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