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Gigante V, Cinelli P, Sandroni M, D’ambrosio R, Lazzeri A, Seggiani M. On the Use of Paper Sludge as Filler in Biocomposites for Injection Moulding. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14102688. [PMID: 34065569 PMCID: PMC8160863 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The potential use of paper sludge (PS) as filler in the production of bio-composites based on poly lactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) was investigated. PS/PLA/PBAT composites, with addition of acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC) as biobased plasticizer, were produced with PS loadings up to 30 wt.% by twin-screw extrusion followed by injection moulding. The composites were characterized by rheological measurements, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and mechanical tests (tensile and impact resistance) to study the effect of PS on the processability, thermal stability, crystallinity and mechanical performance of polymeric matrix. The optimized composites at higher PS content were successfully processed to produce pots for horticulture and, in view of this application, preliminary phytotoxicity tests were conducted using the germination test on Lepidium sativum L. seeds. Results revealed that developed composites up to 30 wt.% PS had good processability by extrusion and injection moulding showing that PS is a potential substitute of calcium carbonate as filler in the production of bio-composites, and the absence of phytotoxic effects showed the possibility of their use in the production of pots/items for applications in floriculture and/or horticulture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Gigante
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 2, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (V.G.); (M.S.); (R.D.); (A.L.)
- Department Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Patrizia Cinelli
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 2, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (V.G.); (M.S.); (R.D.); (A.L.)
- Department Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Marco Sandroni
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 2, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (V.G.); (M.S.); (R.D.); (A.L.)
- Department Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Roberto D’ambrosio
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 2, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (V.G.); (M.S.); (R.D.); (A.L.)
- Department Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Lazzeri
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 2, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (V.G.); (M.S.); (R.D.); (A.L.)
- Department Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Maurizia Seggiani
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 2, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (V.G.); (M.S.); (R.D.); (A.L.)
- Department Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.C.); (M.S.)
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Modification of tamarind fruit shell powder with in situ generated copper nanoparticles by single step hydrothermal method. JOURNAL OF BIORESOURCES AND BIOPRODUCTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Liu J, Luo L, Hu Y, Wang F, Zheng X, Tang K. Kinetics and mechanism of thermal degradation of vegetable-tanned leather fiber. JOURNAL OF LEATHER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s42825-019-0010-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Indira Devi M, Nallamuthu N, Rajini N, Varada Rajulu A, Hari Ram N, Siengchin S. Cellulose hybrid nanocomposites using Napier grass fibers with in situ generated silver nanoparticles as fillers for antibacterial applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:99-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Indira Devi MP, Nallamuthu N, Rajini N, Varada Rajulu A, Hariram N, Siengchin S. Tensile, thermal, and antibacterial characterization of composites of cellulose/modified Pennisetum purpureum natural fibers with in situ generated copper nanoparticles. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2018.1485201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - N. Nallamuthu
- Department of Physics, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, India
| | - N. Rajini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Composite Materials, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, India
| | - A. Varada Rajulu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Composite Materials, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, India
| | - N. Hariram
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, India
| | - Suchart Siengchin
- The Sirindhorn International Thai German Graduate School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
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Senthil Muthu Kumar T, Rajini N, Obi Reddy K, Varada Rajulu A, Siengchin S, Ayrilmis N. All-cellulose composite films with cellulose matrix and Napier grass cellulose fibril fillers. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 112:1310-1315. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Ji X, Dong Y, Nguyen TT, Chen X, Guo M. Environment-friendly wood fibre composite with high bonding strength and water resistance. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:172002. [PMID: 29765653 PMCID: PMC5936918 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.172002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
With the growing depletion of wood-based materials and concerns over emissions of formaldehyde from traditional wood fibre composites, there is a desire for environment-friendly binders. Herein, we report a green wood fibre composite with specific bonding strength and water resistance that is superior to a commercial system by using wood fibres and chitosan-based adhesives. When the mass ratio of solid content in the adhesive and absolute dry wood fibres was 3%, the bonding strength and water resistance of the wood fibre composite reached the optimal level, which was significantly improved over that of wood fibre composites without adhesive and completely met the requirements of the Chinese national standard GB/T 11718-2009. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterizations revealed that the excellent performance of the binder might partly be due to the amide linkages and hydrogen bonding between wood fibres and the chitosan-based adhesive. We believe that this strategy could open new insights into the design of environment-friendly wood fibre composites with high bonding strength and water resistance for multifunctional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Minghui Guo
- Author for correspondence: Minghui Guo e-mail:
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Kumar TSM, Rajini N, Huafeng T, Rajulu AV, Ayrilmis N, Siengchin S. Improved mechanical and thermal properties of spent coffee bean particulate reinforced poly(propylene carbonate) composites. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2017.1420116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Senthil Muthu Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagarajan Rajini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tian Huafeng
- School of Material and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - A. Varada Rajulu
- Centre for Composite Materials, International Research Centre, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nadir Ayrilmis
- Department of Wood Mechanics and Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Istanbul University, Bahcekoy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Suchart Siengchin
- The Sirindhorn International Thai German Graduate School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
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