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Azzag K, Chelin Y, Rousset F, Le Goff E, Martinand-Mari C, Martinez AM, Maurin B, Daujat-Chavanieu M, Godefroy N, Averseng J, Mangeat P, Baghdiguian S. The non-proliferative nature of ascidian folliculogenesis as a model of highly ordered cellular topology distinct from proliferative epithelia. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126341. [PMID: 26000769 PMCID: PMC4441440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have addressed why and how mono-stratified epithelia adopt a polygonal topology. One major additional, and yet unanswered question is how the frequency of different cell shapes is achieved and whether the same distribution applies between non-proliferative and proliferative epithelia. We compared different proliferative and non-proliferative epithelia from a range of organisms as well as Drosophila melanogaster mutants, deficient for apoptosis or hyperproliferative. We show that the distribution of cell shapes in non-proliferative epithelia (follicular cells of five species of tunicates) is distinctly, and more stringently organized than proliferative ones (cultured epithelial cells and Drosophila melanogaster imaginal discs). The discrepancy is not supported by geometrical constraints (spherical versus flat monolayers), number of cells, or apoptosis events. We have developed a theoretical model of epithelial morphogenesis, based on the physics of divided media, that takes into account biological parameters such as cell-cell contact adhesions and tensions, cell and tissue growth, and which reproduces the effects of proliferation by increasing the topological heterogeneity observed experimentally. We therefore present a model for the morphogenesis of epithelia where, in a proliferative context, an extended distribution of cell shapes (range of 4 to 10 neighbors per cell) contrasts with the narrower range of 5-7 neighbors per cell that characterizes non proliferative epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Azzag
- Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
- Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution (ISE-M), CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Yoann Chelin
- Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
- Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil (LMGC), CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - François Rousset
- Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
- Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution (ISE-M), CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Emilie Le Goff
- Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
- Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution (ISE-M), CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Camille Martinand-Mari
- Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
- Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution (ISE-M), CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Marie Martinez
- Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
- Institut de Génétique Humaine (IGH), CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Bernard Maurin
- Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
- Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil (LMGC), CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Martine Daujat-Chavanieu
- Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
- INSERM U1040, Montpellier, France
- CHU Montpellier, Institut de Biothérapie, Montpellier, France
| | - Nelly Godefroy
- Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
- Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution (ISE-M), CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Julien Averseng
- Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
- Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil (LMGC), CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Paul Mangeat
- Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
- Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire (CRBM), CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Stephen Baghdiguian
- Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
- Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution (ISE-M), CNRS, Montpellier, France
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