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Bao X, Yan D, Yang J, Zhang Z, Yuan B. Role of ERβ in the ovary and ovary related diseases. Gene 2024; 927:148678. [PMID: 38906392 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Estrogen and estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) regulate a multitude of complicated physiological and pathological processes. Jan-Ake Gustafsson's group discovered ERβ in 1996, this crucial finding gives us new insights into the understanding of estrogen signaling. ERβ is highly expressed in the ovary and particularly exists in granulosa cells (GCs). ERβ is a key transcription factor in the maintenance of ovarian granulosa cell growth, differentiation, and homeostasis, and the ovulation function of ovarian follicles and oocytes. Additionally, ERβ can modulate the steroidogenic transcriptional program through phosphorylation and regulate both gonadotropin response and FOXL2 expression within the ovary. In this review, we focus on the role of ERβ in regulating ovarian granulosa cell development and homeostasis, particularly its significance in ovarian cancer (OC), premature ovarian failure (POF), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It also highlights the prospects of small molecule compounds targeting ERβ, providing a new strategy for the treatment of ovarian-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Bao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China; Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Experimental Teaching Center for Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China.
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Yang Y, Tong J, Xie X, Cao H, Fu Y, Luo Y, Liu S, Chen W, Yang N. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel chrysin derivatives as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitors for the treatment of breast cancer. Chin J Nat Med 2024; 22:455-465. [PMID: 38796218 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(24)60642-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we reported the discovery and structure-activity relationship analysis of chrysin derivatives as a new class of inhibitors targeting poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1). Among these derivatives, compound 5d emerged as the most effective chrysin-based inhibitor of PARP1, with an IC50 value of 108 nmol·L-1. This compound significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cell lines HCC-1937 and MDA-MB-436 by inducing DNA damage. Furthermore, 5d induced apoptosis and caused an extended G1/S-phase in these cell lines. Molecular docking studies revealed that 5d possesses a strong binding affinity toward PARP1. In vivo, in a xenograft model, 5d effectively reduced tumor growth by downregulating PARP1 expression. Overall, compound 5d shows promise as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of BRCA wild-type breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yang
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China; Emergency Department, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
| | - Jing Tong
- Emergency Department, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
| | - Xianshun Xie
- Hemato-oncology Department, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
| | - Hong Cao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
| | - Yong Fu
- Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Emergency Department, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Emergency Department, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China; Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421200, China.
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Zhang R, Gao C, Hu M, Wang X, Li S, An Z, Yang X, Xie Y. Synthesis and biological evaluation of the novel chrysin prodrug for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease treatment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1336232. [PMID: 38708081 PMCID: PMC11066169 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1336232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone) is a natural flavonoid that has been reported as a potential treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, extensive phase II metabolism and poor aqueous solubility led to a decrease in the chrysin concentration in the blood after oral administration, limiting its pharmacological development in vivo. Methods: In the present study, we synthesized a novel chrysin derivative prodrug (C-1) to address this issue. We introduced a hydrophilic prodrug group at the 7-position hydroxyl group, which is prone to phase II metabolism, to improve water solubility and mask the metabolic site. Further, we evaluated the ameliorative effects of C-1 on NAFLD in vitro and in vivo by NAFLD model cells and db/db mice. Results: In vitro studies indicated that C-1 has the ability to ameliorate lipid accumulation, cellular damage, and oxidative stress in NAFLD model cells. In vivo experiments showed that oral administration of C-1 at a high dose (69.3 mg/kg) effectively ameliorated hyperlipidemia and liver injury and reduced body weight and liver weight in db/db mice, in addition to alleviating insulin resistance. Proteomic analysis showed that C-1 altered the protein expression profile in the liver and particularly improved the expression of proteins associated with catabolism and metabolism. Furthermore, in our preliminary pharmacokinetic study, C-1 showed favorable pharmacokinetic properties and significantly improved the oral bioavailability of chrysin. Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that C-1 may be a promising agent for NAFLD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiming Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuanyue Gao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020–2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingxing Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingxing Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020–2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuoyuan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenmei An
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xifei Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020–2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongmei Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
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Chrysin: Perspectives on Contemporary Status and Future Possibilities as Pro-Health Agent. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13062038. [PMID: 34198618 PMCID: PMC8232110 DOI: 10.3390/nu13062038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chrysin belongs to the group of natural polyphenols. It can be found, among others, in honey, propolis and fruits and has a wide range of biological activities, including the prevention of oxidative stress, inflammation, neurodegeneration and carcinogenesis. Being a part of the human diet, chrysin is considered to be a promising compound to be used in the prevention of many diseases, including cancers, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's. Nevertheless, due to the low solubility of chrysin in water and under physiological conditions, its bioavailability is low. For this reason, attempts at its functionalization have been undertaken, aiming to increase its absorption and thus augment its in vivo therapeutic efficacy. The aim of this review is to summarize the most recent research on chrysin, including its sources, metabolism, pro-health effects and the effects of its functionalization on biological activity and pharmacological efficacy, evaluated both in vitro and in vivo.
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