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Wells KCDH, Kharma N, Jaunky BB, Nie K, Aguiar-Tawil G, Berry D. BioCloneBot: A versatile, low-cost, and open-source automated liquid handler. HARDWAREX 2024; 18:e00516. [PMID: 38524156 PMCID: PMC10955647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Liquid handler systems can provide significant benefits to researchers by automating laboratory work, however, their unaffordable price provides a steep barrier to entry. Therefore, we provide the BioCloneBot, a versatile, low-cost, and open-source automated liquid handler. This system can be easily built with 3D-printed parts and readily available commercial components. The BioCloneBot is highly adaptive to user needs and facilitates various liquid handling tasks in research and diagnostics. Its user-friendly interface and programmable nature make it suitable for a wide range of applications, from small-scale experiments to larger laboratory setups. By utilizing BioCloneBot, researchers and scientists can streamline their liquid handling processes without the financial constraints posed by traditional systems. In this paper, we detail the design, construction, and validation of BioCloneBot, showcasing its precise control, accuracy, and repeatability in various liquid handling tasks. The open-source nature of the system encourages collaboration and customization, enabling researchers to contribute and adapt the technology to specific experimental requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke’Koa CDH Wells
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nawwaf Kharma
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Brandon B. Jaunky
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kaiyu Nie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Daniel Berry
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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2
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Giovannini M, Vieri W, Bosi E, Riccardi C, Lo Giudice A, Fani R, Fondi M, Perrin E. Functional Genomics of a Collection of Gammaproteobacteria Isolated from Antarctica. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:238. [PMID: 38921549 PMCID: PMC11205219 DOI: 10.3390/md22060238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Antarctica, one of the most extreme environments on Earth, hosts diverse microbial communities. These microbes have evolved and adapted to survive in these hostile conditions, but knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remains limited. The Italian Collection of Antarctic Bacteria (Collezione Italiana Batteri Antartici (CIBAN)), managed by the University of Messina, represents a valuable repository of cold-adapted bacterial strains isolated from various Antarctic environments. In this study, we sequenced and analyzed the genomes of 58 marine Gammaproteobacteria strains from the CIBAN collection, which were isolated during Italian expeditions from 1990 to 2005. By employing genome-scale metrics, we taxonomically characterized these strains and assigned them to four distinct genera: Pseudomonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Shewanella, and Psychrobacter. Genome annotation revealed a previously untapped functional potential, including secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters and antibiotic resistance genes. Phylogenomic analyses provided evolutionary insights, while assessment of cold-shock protein presence shed light on adaptation mechanisms. Our study emphasizes the significance of CIBAN as a resource for understanding Antarctic microbial life and its biotechnological potential. The genomic data unveil new horizons for insight into bacterial existence in Antarctica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Giovannini
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (M.G.); (W.V.); (C.R.); (R.F.); (M.F.)
| | - Walter Vieri
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (M.G.); (W.V.); (C.R.); (R.F.); (M.F.)
| | - Emanuele Bosi
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences—DISTAV, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, I-16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Christopher Riccardi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (M.G.); (W.V.); (C.R.); (R.F.); (M.F.)
- Quantitative and Computational Biology Department, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Angelina Lo Giudice
- Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council, (CNR.ISP), Spianata San Raineri 86, I-98122 Messina, Italy;
- Italian Collection of Antarctic Bacteria, National Antarctic Museum (CIBAN-MNA), I-98122 Messina, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61, I-90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Renato Fani
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (M.G.); (W.V.); (C.R.); (R.F.); (M.F.)
| | - Marco Fondi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (M.G.); (W.V.); (C.R.); (R.F.); (M.F.)
| | - Elena Perrin
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (M.G.); (W.V.); (C.R.); (R.F.); (M.F.)
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Petroleum Hydrocarbon Catabolic Pathways as Targets for Metabolic Engineering Strategies for Enhanced Bioremediation of Crude-Oil-Contaminated Environments. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9020196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities and industrial effluents are the major sources of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in different environments. Microbe-based remediation techniques are known to be effective, inexpensive, and environmentally safe. In this review, the metabolic-target-specific pathway engineering processes used for improving the bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated environments have been described. The microbiomes are characterised using environmental genomics approaches that can provide a means to determine the unique structural, functional, and metabolic pathways used by the microbial community for the degradation of contaminants. The bacterial metabolism of aromatic hydrocarbons has been explained via peripheral pathways by the catabolic actions of enzymes, such as dehydrogenases, hydrolases, oxygenases, and isomerases. We proposed that by using microbiome engineering techniques, specific pathways in an environment can be detected and manipulated as targets. Using the combination of metabolic engineering with synthetic biology, systemic biology, and evolutionary engineering approaches, highly efficient microbial strains may be utilised to facilitate the target-dependent bioprocessing and degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. Moreover, the use of CRISPR-cas and genetic engineering methods for editing metabolic genes and modifying degradation pathways leads to the selection of recombinants that have improved degradation abilities. The idea of growing metabolically engineered microbial communities, which play a crucial role in breaking down a range of pollutants, has also been explained. However, the limitations of the in-situ implementation of genetically modified organisms pose a challenge that needs to be addressed in future research.
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Wang S, Zhan C, Chen R, Li W, Song H, Zhao G, Wen M, Liang D, Qiao J. Achievements and perspectives of synthetic biology in botanical insecticides. J Cell Physiol 2022. [PMID: 36183373 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Botanical insecticides are the origin of all insecticidal compounds. They have been widely used to control pests in crops for a long time. Currently, the commercial production of botanical insecticides extracted from plants is limited because of insufficient raw material supply. Synthetic biology is a promising and effective approach for addressing the current problems of the production of botanical insecticides. It is an emerging biological research hotspot in the field of botanical insecticides. However, the biosynthetic pathways of many botanical insecticides are not completely elucidated. On the other hand, the cytotoxicity of botanical pesticides and low efficiency of these biosynthetic enzymes in new hosts make it still challenging for their heterologous production. In the present review, we summarized the recent developments in the heterologous production of botanical insecticides, analyzed the current challenges, and discussed the feasible production strategies, focusing on elucidating biosynthetic pathways, enzyme engineering, host engineering, and cytotoxicity engineering. Looking to the future, synthetic biology promises to further advance heterologous production of more botanical pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengli Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Zhejiang Shaoxing Research Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Chuanling Zhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Zhejiang Shaoxing Research Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Ruiqi Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Zhejiang Shaoxing Research Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Weiguo Li
- Zhejiang Shaoxing Research Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Hongjian Song
- Zhejiang Shaoxing Research Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Guangrong Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingzhang Wen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongmei Liang
- Zhejiang Shaoxing Research Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jianjun Qiao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Zhejiang Shaoxing Research Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing, China
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More S, Bampidis V, Benford D, Bragard C, Halldorsson T, Hernández‐Jerez A, Bennekou SH, Koutsoumanis K, Lambré C, Machera K, Mullins E, Nielsen SS, Schlatter J, Schrenk D, Turck D, Younes M, Herman L, Pelaez C, van Loveren H, Vlak J, Revez J, Aguilera J, Schoonjans R, Cocconcelli PS. Evaluation of existing guidelines for their adequacy for the food and feed risk assessment of microorganisms obtained through synthetic biology. EFSA J 2022; 20:e07479. [PMID: 35991959 PMCID: PMC9380697 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
EFSA was asked by the European Commission to evaluate synthetic biology (SynBio) developments for agri-food use in the near future and to determine whether or not they are expected to constitute potential new hazards/risks. Moreover, EFSA was requested to evaluate the adequacy of existing guidelines for risk assessment of SynBio and if updated guidance is needed. The scope of this Opinion covers food and feed risk assessment, the variety of microorganisms that can be used in the food/feed chain and the whole spectrum of techniques used in SynBio. This Opinion complements a previously adopted Opinion with the evaluation of existing guidelines for the microbial characterisation and environmental risk assessment of microorganisms obtained through SynBio. The present Opinion confirms that microbial SynBio applications for food and feed use, with the exception of xenobionts, could be ready in the European Union in the next decade. New hazards were identified related to the use or production of unusual and/or new-to-nature components. Fifteen cases were selected for evaluating the adequacy of existing guidelines. These were generally adequate for assessing the product, the production process, nutritional and toxicological safety, allergenicity, exposure and post-market monitoring. The comparative approach and a safety assessment per se could be applied depending on the degree of familiarity of the SynBio organism/product with the non-genetically modified counterparts. Updated guidance is recommended for: (i) bacteriophages, protists/microalgae, (ii) exposure to plant protection products and biostimulants, (iii) xenobionts and (iv) feed additives for insects as target species. Development of risk assessment tools is recommended for assessing nutritional value of biomasses, influence of microorganisms on the gut microbiome and the gut function, allergenic potential of new-to-nature proteins, impact of horizontal gene transfer and potential risks of living cell intake. A further development towards a strain-driven risk assessment approach is recommended.
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Deng M, Lv X, Liu L, Li J, Du G, Chen J, Liu Y. Efficient Bioproduction of Human Milk Alpha-Lactalbumin in Komagataella phaffii. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2664-2672. [PMID: 35148078 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-lactalbumin (α-LA; the most abundant whey protein in human milk) contributes to infant development, providing bioactive peptides and essential amino acids. Here, Komagataella phaffii (K. phaffii) was selected as the production host. We found that the K. phaffii host X33 was suitable for expressing the target protein, yielding 5.2 mg·L-1 α-LA. Thereafter, several secretory signal peptides were applied to obtain a higher titer of α-LA. The strain with α-factor secretory signal peptide secreted the highest extracellular titer. Additionally, promoters AOX1, GAP, and GAP(m) were compared and applied. The strain with the promoter AOX1 produced the highest extracellular titer. In addition, coexpressing human protein disulfide isomerase A3 (hPDIA3) increased the titer by 27%. Human α-LA production by the strain X33-pPICZαA-hLALBA-hPDIA3 reached 56.3 mg·L-1 in a 3 L bioreactor. This is the first report of successful secretory human α-LA expression in K. phaffii and lays foundations for the simulation of human milk for infant formulas and further development of bioengineered milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Deng
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xueqin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao 266109, China
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7
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Synthetic biology: a new frontier in food production. Trends Biotechnol 2022; 40:781-803. [PMID: 35120749 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Concerns regarding food security arise from population growth, global warming, and reduction in arable land. With advances in synthetic biology, food production by microbes is considered to be a promising alternative that would allow rapid food production in an environmentally friendly manner. Moreover, synthetic biology can be adopted to the production of healthier or specifically designed food ingredients (e.g., high-value proteins, lipids, and vitamins) and broaden the utilization of feedstocks (e.g., methanol and CO2), thereby offering potential solutions to high-quality food and the greenhouse effect. We first present how synthetic biology can facilitate the microbial production of various food components, and then discuss feedstock availability enabled by synthetic biology. Finally, we illustrate trends and key challenges in synthetic biology-driven food production.
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8
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Madhavan M, Mustafa S. Systems biology–the transformative approach to integrate sciences across disciplines. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2021-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Life science is the study of living organisms, including bacteria, plants, and animals. Given the importance of biology, chemistry, and bioinformatics, we anticipate that this chapter may contribute to a better understanding of the interdisciplinary connections in life science. Research in applied biological sciences has changed the paradigm of basic and applied research. Biology is the study of life and living organisms, whereas science is a dynamic subject that as a result of constant research, new fields are constantly emerging. Some fields come and go, whereas others develop into new, well-recognized entities. Chemistry is the study of composition of matter and its properties, how the substances merge or separate and also how substances interact with energy. Advances in biology and chemistry provide another means to understand the biological system using many interdisciplinary approaches. Bioinformatics is a multidisciplinary or rather transdisciplinary field that encourages the use of computer tools and methodologies for qualitative and quantitative analysis. There are many instances where two fields, biology and chemistry have intersection. In this chapter, we explain how current knowledge in biology, chemistry, and bioinformatics, as well as its various interdisciplinary domains are merged into life sciences and its applications in biological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Madhavan
- Department of Biochemistry , Government College for Women , Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala , India
| | - Sabeena Mustafa
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics , King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA) , Riyadh , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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9
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Food synthetic biology-driven protein supply transition: From animal-derived production to microbial fermentation. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Kumar P, Sinha R, Shukla P. Artificial intelligence and synthetic biology approaches for human gut microbiome. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:2103-2121. [PMID: 33249867 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1850415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome comprises a variety of microorganisms whose genes encode proteins to carry out crucial metabolic functions that are responsible for the majority of health-related issues in human beings. The advent of the technological revolution in artificial intelligence (AI) assisted synthetic biology (SB) approaches will play a vital role in the modulating the therapeutic and nutritive potential of probiotics. This can turn human gut as a reservoir of beneficial bacterial colonies having an immense role in immunity, digestion, brain function, and other health benefits. Hence, in the present review, we have discussed the role of several gene editing tools and approaches in synthetic biology that have equipped us with novel tools like Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR-Cas) systems to precisely engineer probiotics for diagnostic, therapeutic and nutritive value. A brief discussion over the AI techniques to understand the metagenomic data from the healthy and diseased gut microbiome is also presented. Further, the role of AI in potentially impacting the pace of developments in SB and its current challenges is also discussed. The review also describes the health benefits conferred by engineered microbes through the production of biochemicals, nutraceuticals, drugs or biotherapeutics molecules etc. Finally, the review concludes with the challenges and regulatory concerns in adopting synthetic biology engineered microbes for clinical applications. Thus, the review presents a synergistic approach of AI and SB toward human gut microbiome for better health which will provide interesting clues to researchers working in the area of rapidly evolving food and nutrition science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasoon Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India.,Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.,Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
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Pang C, Yin X, Zhang G, Liu S, Zhou J, Li J, Du G. Current progress and prospects of enzyme technologies in future foods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s43393-020-00008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Aguilar CN, Ruiz HA, Rubio Rios A, Chávez-González M, Sepúlveda L, Rodríguez-Jasso RM, Loredo-Treviño A, Flores-Gallegos AC, Govea-Salas M, Ascacio-Valdes JA. Emerging strategies for the development of food industries. Bioengineered 2020; 10:522-537. [PMID: 31633446 PMCID: PMC6844418 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2019.1682109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Undoubtedly, the food industry is undergoing a dynamic process of transformation in its continual development in order to meet the requirements and solve the great problems represented by a constantly growing global population and food claimant in both quantity and quality. In this sense, it is necessary to evaluate the technological trends and advances that will change the landscape of the food processing industry, highlighting the latest requirements for equipment functionality. In particular, it is crucial to evaluate the influence of sustainable green biotechnology-based technologies to consolidate the food industry of the future, today, and it must be done by analyzing the mega-consumption trends that shape the future of industry, which range from local sourcing to on-the-go food, to an increase in organic foods and clean labels (understanding ingredients on food labels). While these things may seem alien to food manufacturing, they have a considerable influence on the way products are manufactured. This paper reviews in detail the conditions of the food industry, and particularly analyzes the application of emerging technologies in food preservation, extraction of bioactive compounds, bioengineering tools and other bio-based strategies for the development of the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristóbal N Aguilar
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Hector A Ruiz
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Anilú Rubio Rios
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Mónica Chávez-González
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Leonardo Sepúlveda
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Rosa M Rodríguez-Jasso
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Araceli Loredo-Treviño
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Adriana C Flores-Gallegos
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Mayela Govea-Salas
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Juan A Ascacio-Valdes
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Mexico
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13
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Ribeiro B, Shapira P. Private and public values of innovation: A patent analysis of synthetic biology. RESEARCH POLICY 2020; 49:103875. [PMID: 32015589 PMCID: PMC6936930 DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2019.103875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Patent documents are a signalling mechanism about innovation values. Extant patent valuation literature tends to overlook the public value of innovation. Both private and public value propositions are found in patent documents. Public value propositions are less frequent but more diverse. Analysing private and public values in patents offers innovation policy insights.
Emerging science and technology fields are increasingly expected to provide solutions to societal grand challenges. The promise of such solutions frequently underwrites claims for the public funding of research. In parallel, universities, public research organizations and, in particular, private enterprises draw on such research to actively secure property rights over potential applications through patenting. Patents represent a claim to garner financial returns from the novel outcomes of science and technology. This is justified by the potential social value promised by patents as they encourage information sharing, further R&D investment, and the useful application of new knowledge. Indeed, the value of patents has generated longstanding academic interest in innovation studies with many scholars investigating its determinants based on econometric models. Yet, this research has largely focused on evaluating factors that influence the market value of patents and the gains from exclusivity rights granted to inventions, which reflect the private value of a patent. However, the patent system is a socially shaped enterprise where private and public concerns intersect. Despite the notion of the social utility of inventions as a patenting condition, and evidence of disconnection between societal needs and the goals of private actors, less attention has been paid to other interpretations of patent value. This paper investigates the various articulations of value delineated by patents in an emerging science and technology domain. As a pilot study, we analyse patents in synthetic biology, contributing a new analytical framework and classification of private and public values at the intersections of science, economy, and society. After considering the legal, business, social and political dimensions of patenting, we undertake a qualitative and systematic examination of patent content in synthetic biology. Our analysis probes the private and public value propositions that are framed in these patents in terms of the potential private and public benefits of research and innovation. Based on this framework, we shed light on questions of what values are being nurtured in inventions in synthetic biology and discuss how attention to public as well as private values opens up promising avenues of research in science, technology and innovation policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Ribeiro
- Manchester Institute of Innovation Research, Alliance Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester Synthetic Biology Research Centre for Fine and Speciality Chemicals (SYNBIOCHEM), University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Shapira
- Manchester Institute of Innovation Research, Alliance Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester Synthetic Biology Research Centre for Fine and Speciality Chemicals (SYNBIOCHEM), University of Manchester, United Kingdom.,School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, United States
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14
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Thavarajah W, Verosloff MS, Jung JK, Alam KK, Miller JD, Jewett MC, Young SL, Lucks JB. A Primer on Emerging Field-Deployable Synthetic Biology Tools for Global Water Quality Monitoring. NPJ CLEAN WATER 2020; 3:18. [PMID: 34267944 PMCID: PMC8279131 DOI: 10.1038/s41545-020-0064-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Tracking progress towards Target 6.1 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, "achieving universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all", necessitates the development of simple, inexpensive tools to monitor water quality. The rapidly growing field of synthetic biology has the potential to address this need by taking DNA-encoded sensing elements from nature and reassembling them to create field-deployable 'biosensors' that can detect pathogenic or chemical water contaminants. Here we describe water quality monitoring strategies enabled by synthetic biology and compare them to previous approaches used to detect three priority water contaminants: fecal pathogens, arsenic, and fluoride in order to explain the potential for engineered biosensors to simplify and decentralize water quality monitoring. We also briefly discuss expanding biosensors to detect emerging contaminants including metals and pharmaceuticals. We conclude with an outlook on the future of biosensor development, in which we discuss adaptability to emerging contaminants, outline current limitations, and propose steps to overcome the field's outstanding challenges to facilitate global water quality monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Thavarajah
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145, Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Water Research, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Engineering, Sustainability and Resilience, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Matthew S. Verosloff
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Water Research, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Engineering, Sustainability and Resilience, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences Graduate Program, Northwestern University, 2204 Tech Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Jaeyoung K. Jung
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145, Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Water Research, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Engineering, Sustainability and Resilience, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Khalid K. Alam
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145, Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Water Research, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Engineering, Sustainability and Resilience, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Joshua D. Miller
- Center for Water Research, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, 1810 Hinman Ave., Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Michael C. Jewett
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145, Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Sera L. Young
- Center for Water Research, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, 1810 Hinman Ave., Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, 2040 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208 USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed, ,
| | - Julius B. Lucks
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145, Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Water Research, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Engineering, Sustainability and Resilience, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed, ,
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15
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Abstract
Population growth, climate change, and dwindling finite resources are amongst the major challenges which are facing the planet. Requirements for food, materials, water, and energy will soon exceed capacity. Green biotechnology, fueled by recent plant synthetic biology breakthroughs, may offer solutions. This review summarizes current progress towards robust and predictable engineering of plants. I then discuss applications from the lab and field, with a focus on bioenergy, biomaterials, and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny C Mortimer
- 1 Biosciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,2 Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
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