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Huang Q, Xing J, Li G, Liu M, Gao M, Wang J, Tang F, Ren J, Zhao C, Wang X, Zhou X, Luo H, Yu Y, Zeng D, Dai J, Xue F. LCN2 regulates the gut microbiota and metabolic profile in mice infected with Mycobacterium bovis. mSystems 2024; 9:e0050124. [PMID: 39051782 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00501-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Infection with Mycobacterium bovis precipitates a spectrum of pathologies in bovines, notably necrotic pneumonia, mastitis, and arthritis, impinging upon the health and nutritional assimilation of these animals. A pivotal factor, lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), is responsive to microbial invasion, inflammatory processes, and tissue damage, the extent of which Lcn2 modulates the gut environment, however, remains unclear in response to M. bovis-induced alterations. To explore the role of Lcn2 in shaping the gut milieu of mice during a 5-week period post-M. bovis infection, Lcn2 knockout Lcn2-/- mice were scrutinized for changes in the gut microbiota and metabolomic profiles. Results showed that Lcn2-/- mice infected with M. bovis exhibited notable shifts in the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of gut microbiota, alongside significant disparities in α and β diversity. Concomitantly, a marked increase was observed during the 5-week period in the abundance of Akkermansia, Oscillospira, and Bacteroides, coupled with a substantial decrease in Ruminococcus within the microbiome of Lcn2 knockout mice. Notably, Akkermansia muciniphila was significantly enriched in the gut flora of Lcn2-/- mice. Furthermore, the absence of Lcn2 significantly altered the gut metabolomic landscape, evidenced by elevated levels of metabolites such as taurodeoxycholic acid, 10-undecenoic acid, azelaic acid, and dodecanedioic acid in Lcn2-/- mice. Our findings demonstrated that the lack of Lcn2 in the context of M. bovis infection profoundly affected the regulation of gut microbiota and metabolomic components, culminating in a transformed gut environment. Our results revealed that Lcn2 may regulate gut microbiota and metabolome components, changing the intestinal environment, thereby affecting the infection status of M. bovis. IMPORTANCE Our study addresses the critical knowledge gap regarding the specific influence of lipocalin 2 (LCN2) in the context of Mycobacterium bovis infection, particularly focusing on its role in the gut environment. Utilizing LCN2 knockout (Lcn2-/-) mice, we meticulously assessed changes in the gut microbiota and metabolic components following M. bovis infection. Our findings reveal alterations in the gut microbial community, emphasizing the potentially crucial role of LCN2 in maintaining stability. Furthermore, we observed significant shifts in specific microbial communities, including the enrichment of Akkermansia muciniphila, known for its positive impact on intestinal health and immune regulation. The implications of our study extend beyond understanding the dynamics of the gut microbiome, offering insights into the potential therapeutic strategies for gut-related health conditions and microbial dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quntao Huang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junhong Xing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Guoli Li
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengting Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengtian Gao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Tang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianluan Ren
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengzhu Zhao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haodong Luo
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Youli Yu
- Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Dexin Zeng
- Technology Center of Hefei Customs, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Hefei, China
| | - Jianjun Dai
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Xue
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Li X, Li J, Yuan H, Chen Y, Li S, Jiang S, Zha Xi Y, Zhang G, Lu J. Effect of supplementation with Glycyrrhiza uralensis extract and Lactobacillus acidophilus on growth performance and intestinal health in broiler chickens. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1436807. [PMID: 39091388 PMCID: PMC11291472 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1436807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota community is an important factor affecting the nutritional and health status of poultry, and its balance is crucial for improving the overall health of poultry. The study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with Glycyrrhiza uralensis extract (GUE), Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lac) and their combination (GL) on growth performance and intestinal health in broilers in an 84-day feeding experiment. Supplementary 0.1% GUE and 4.5×107 CFU/g Lac significantly increased average daily gain (ADG), and GL (0.1% GUE and 4.5×107 CFU/g Lac) increased ADG and average daily feed intake (ADFI), and decreased feed conversion rate (FCR) in broilers aged 29 to 84 d and 1 to 84 d. Dietary GUE, Lac and GL increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity and decreased Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the jejunum mucosa of broilers, and increased secretory IgA (sIgA) content in broilers at 84 d. Moreover, GUE, Lac and GL increased cecal microbial richness and diversity, and modulated microbial community composition. Both GUE and Lac reduced the harmful bacteria Epsilonbacteraeota, Helicobacter, and H. pullorum at 28 d and Proteobacteria, Escherichia, and E. coli at 84 d, while Lac and GL increased beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus and L. gallinarum at 28 d. Compared with individual supplementation, GL markedly increased the SOD activity and the sIgA content, and reduced Helicobacter and Helicobacter pullorum. In conclusion, GUE and Lactobacillus acidophilus as feed additives benefit growth performance and intestinal health, and their combined use shows an even more positive effect in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximei Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haotian Yuan
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuaibing Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Susu Jiang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agriculture Technology College, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingpai Zha Xi
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianxiong Lu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
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Xu Q, Yao Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, Mao L. The mechanism of traditional medicine in alleviating ulcerative colitis: regulating intestinal barrier function. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1228969. [PMID: 37876728 PMCID: PMC10590899 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1228969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic inflammatory disease mainly affects the large bowel and the rectum. The pathogenesis of this disease has not been fully elucidated, while the disruption of the intestinal barrier function triggered by various stimulating factors related to the host genetics, immunity, gut microbiota, and environment has been considered to be major mechanisms that affect the development of UC. Given the limited effective therapies, the treatment of this disease is not ideal and its incidence and prevalence are increasing. Therefore, developing new therapies with high efficiency and efficacy is important for treating UC. Many recent studies disclosed that numerous herbal decoctions and natural compounds derived from traditional herbal medicine showed promising therapeutic activities in animal models of colitis and have gained increasing attention from scientists in the study of UC. Some of these decoctions and compounds can effectively alleviate colonic inflammation and relieve clinical symptoms in animal models of colitis via regulating intestinal barrier function. While no study is available to review the underlying mechanisms of these potential therapies in regulating the integrity and function of the intestinal barrier. This review aims to summarize the effects of various herbal decoctions or bioactive compounds on the severity of colonic inflammation via various mechanisms, mainly including regulating the production of tight junction proteins, mucins, the composition of gut microbiota and microbial-associated metabolites, the infiltration of inflammatory cells and mediators, and the oxidative stress in the gut. On this basis, we discussed the related regulators and the affected signaling pathways of the mentioned traditional medicine in modulating the disruption or restoration of the intestinal barrier, such as NF-κB/MAPK, PI3K, and HIF-1α signaling pathways. In addition, the possible limitations of current studies and a prospect for future investigation and development of new UC therapies are provided based on our knowledge and current understanding. This review may improve our understanding of the current progression in studies of traditional medicine-derived therapies in protecting the intestinal barrier function and their roles in alleviating animal models of UC. It may be beneficial to the work of researchers in both basic and translational studies of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongchao Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liming Mao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
- Basic Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Huang T, Che Q, Chen X, Chen D, Yu B, He J, Chen H, Yan H, Zheng P, Luo Y, Huang Z. Apple Polyphenols Improve Intestinal Antioxidant Capacity and Barrier Function by Activating the Nrf2/Keap1 Signaling Pathway in a Pig Model. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:7576-7585. [PMID: 35679090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the function of plant polyphenols to improve the intestinal barrier has been fully demonstrated. However, the exact mechanisms linking plant polyphenols with the intestinal barrier function have not yet been established. Apple polyphenols (APs) are safe and healthy nutrients, which are extracted from apples and their byproducts. Using pig and IPEC-J2 cell models, this study investigated the effects of dietary AP supplementation on intestinal antioxidant capacity and barrier function. Then, we further explored the role of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway in maintaining intestinal antioxidant capacity and barrier function. Our study found that dietary AP supplementation improved the intestinal mechanical barrier by promoting the intestinal morphology and intestinal tight junction protein expression, improved the intestinal immune barrier by increasing intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A production, and improved the intestinal biological barrier by increasing probiotics and decreasing the Escherichia coli population. Further research found that dietary AP supplementation increased the intestinal antioxidant capacity and activated the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. Finally, after treatment with Nrf2-specific inhibitor ML-385, the upregulation effect of APs on antioxidant capacity and tight junction protein expression was reduced in IPEC-J2 cells. Our results suggested that APs promoted intestinal antioxidant capacity and barrier function via the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengteng Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Qiangjun Che
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
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