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Volkos P, Linardakis M, Stachteas P, Anastasiou F, Tatsioni A, Kampa M, Symvoulakis EK. Association between Levels of Loneliness, Laboratory Measurements, and Behavioral Aspects in a Primary Care Setting in Crete, Greece. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2024; 14:1055-1067. [PMID: 38667824 PMCID: PMC11049108 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14040069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper examines potential associations of loneliness with laboratory data and specific psychosocial and behavioral attitudes. The sample collection took place in an urban Primary Health Care unit between May and July 2023, consecutively, and once exclusion criteria were implemented. Participants were aged between 40 and 75 years. Routine laboratory test results upon study initiation and six months before were used. The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Loneliness Scale (Version 3), blood glucose, serum lipids, Fibrosis-4 index, and Creatinine Clearance (CrCl) were assessed through hierarchical multiple logistic regression analysis. Based on full model (3rd) analysis, those who were engaged in an individual sport or activity or had contacts with more friends presented significantly lower odds for increased loneliness levels (odds ratio (OR): 0.28 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.09-0.91], p = 0.034 and OR: 0.76 [95%CI 0.66-0.88], p < 0.001, respectively). The consumption of alcohol was associated with increased loneliness (OR: 5.55 [95%CI 1.42-21.63], p = 0.014). Elevated triglyceride levels were linked with moderate or no loneliness (OR: 0.20 [95%CI 0.05-0.83], p = 0.026), while an increased LDL/HDL atherosclerotic index was related to increased subjective loneliness (OR: 4.50 [95%CI 1.12-18.13], p = 0.035). The need for holistic approaches-involving primary care personnel-in understanding and addressing loneliness, recognizing its multifaceted nature as well as the diverse factors that contribute to this issue, is considered challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Volkos
- Fourth Local Health Team—Academic Unit of Heraklion, 71303 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Manolis Linardakis
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Stachteas
- Laboratory of Primary Health Care, General Practice and Health Services Research, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Foteini Anastasiou
- Fourth Local Primary Care Team (TOMY), Municipality Practice, Academic Practice of Heraklion, University of Crete, 71303 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Athina Tatsioni
- Research Unit for General Medicine and Primary Health Care, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Marilena Kampa
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Emmanouil K. Symvoulakis
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
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Renner HM, Rowland B, Hutchinson D, Toumbourou JW. Modeling Adolescent Social Inclusion to Improve School Completion. J Youth Adolesc 2023:10.1007/s10964-023-01792-9. [PMID: 37247172 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01792-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing social inclusion in young people could increase engagement in education, yet few longitudinal studies have examined this relationship. This study aimed to identify whether social inclusion in an Australian adolescent sample predicted high school completion three years later. Using state-representative data from the International Youth Development Study, two waves of the youngest cohort (51.6% female and 94.6% Australian born) during mid-adolescence (n = 825, Mage = 15.99, SD = 0.39) and post-secondary school (n = 809, Mage = 19.03, SD = 0.44) were analyzed. Factor analysis identified a 4-factor structure that represented an overarching social inclusion construct: (1) Citizenship, (2) Connectedness to Community, (3) Connectedness to Family, and (4) Connectedness to and Participation in School. Multivariate regression analyses indicated higher social inclusion levels in mid-adolescence predicted an increased likelihood of high school completion three years later. The implementation of strategies that incorporate the enhancement of social inclusion may improve educational outcomes for young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi M Renner
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development (SEED), School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne Children's LifeCourse Initiative, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Bosco Rowland
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development (SEED), School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Eastern Health Clinical School & Monash Addiction Research Centre, Monash University, Richmond, VIC, Australia
| | - Delyse Hutchinson
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development (SEED), School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John W Toumbourou
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development (SEED), School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Floyd K. Lipidemic Effects of Kissing are Mediated by Stress: Results from a National Probability Sample. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2022:1-9. [PMID: 35287520 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2022.2050007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have identified associations between affectionate communication and blood lipid levels but been limited by small, homogenous samples and failed replication attempts. Moreover, no study has tested the prediction derived from affection exchange theory that stress mediates the association between affectionate behavior and health. Using secondary analyses of data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Refresher study Biomarker Project, this paper remedies these limitations by testing the prediction that stress mediates the association between kissing and serum levels of triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, and low-density lipoproteins using a large probability sample of U.S. American adults (N = 863). Results indicate significant indirect effects of kissing frequency on triglycerides and high-density lipoproteins for participants who reported kissing seven or more times in the previous month.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kory Floyd
- Department of Communication, University of Arizona
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Radahmadi M, Izadi MS, Rayatpour A, Ghasemi M. ComparativeStudyofCRHMicroinjections Into PVN and CeA Nuclei on Food Intake, Ghrelin, Leptin, and Glucose Levels in Acute Stressed Rats. Basic Clin Neurosci 2021; 12:133-148. [PMID: 33995935 PMCID: PMC8114857 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.12.1.2346.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) is involved in stress and energy homeostasis. On the other hand, CRH receptors also exist within the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and Central Amygdala (CeA) nuclei. The present study compared the effect of CRH microinjections into PVN and CeA on three consecutive hours and cumulative food intake, internal regulatory factors of food intake, such as serum leptin and ghrelin, as well as blood glucose levels in rats under different acute psychological (Social Stress [SS] and Isolation Stress [IS] group) stresses. Methods: Sixty-six male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to 11 groups: Control, Sham, CRH-PVN, CRH-CeA, SS, IS, SS-CRH-PVN, SS-CRH-CeA, IS-CRH-PVN, and IS-CRH-CeA groups. The CRH (2 µg/kg in 0.5 µL saline) was injected into PVN and CeA nuclei in rats under everyday, acute social stress and isolation stress conditions. Results: Acute isolation and social stresses did not affect cumulative food intake. Whereas isolation stress led to changes in both leptin and glucose levels, social stress reduced only glucose levels. Cumulative food intake significantly decreased under acute CRH injection into the CeA and particularly into the PVN. Blood glucose significantly reduced in all the groups receiving CRH into their CeA. Conclusion: The PVN played a more important role compared to CeA on food intake. These nuclei probably employ different mechanisms for their effects on food intake. Besides, it seems that exogenously CRH injection into the PVN probably had a more anorectic effect than naturally activated CRH by stresses. Acute isolation stress had a greater impact than social stress on leptin level and cumulative food intake. Thus, elevated food intake related to leptin compared to ghrelin and glucose levels in the CRH-PVN group under acute social stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Radahmadi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mina Sadat Izadi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Atefeh Rayatpour
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maedeh Ghasemi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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McCoy MA, Theeke LA. A systematic review of the relationships among psychosocial factors and coping in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Nurs Sci 2019; 6:468-477. [PMID: 31728402 PMCID: PMC6838910 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus contributes to poor health outcomes including mortality, yet there is a gap in the literature when seeking to understand the influence of psychosocial factors on coping in this population. The paper presents a systematic review of quantitative studies that examined relationships among psychosocial determinants and coping in adults with type 2 diabetes. This review is the second layer of knowledge discovery for the concept, “Taking on a life-altering change is a rhythmical journey of experiencing ups and downs on the way to acceptance.” The life-altering change was determined to be a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, the journey is the ups and downs of coping with the diagnosis as people work toward acceptance of type 2 diabetes. The review includes a synthesis of findings from 22 quantitative studies of psychosocial factors and coping in adults with type 2 diabetes. Anxiety, depression, stress, and diabetes distress were identified as key influential psychosocial factors. Increased social support was inversely related to emotional distress and coping styles were related to social well-being, psychological health, and physical health outcomes. The positive coping style of problem-focused coping was linked to improved psychological and physical health. Emotional responses to diagnosis were related to depression and anxiety. Negative coping styles of resignation, protest, or isolation were higher in women and linked to poorer quality of life, while avoidance was linked to increased diabetes-related distress and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. McCoy
- Division of Nursing, Davis and Elkins College, Elkins, WV, United States
- School of Nursing, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Corresponding author. Division of Nursing, Davis and Elkins College, Elkins, WV, United States.
| | - Laurie A. Theeke
- School of Nursing, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
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Gardner A, Cotton SM, Allott K, Filia KM, Hester R, Killackey E. Social inclusion and its interrelationships with social cognition and social functioning in first-episode psychosis. Early Interv Psychiatry 2019; 13:477-487. [PMID: 29076286 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM People with psychosis are at risk of social exclusion. Research is needed in this area due to the lack of direct measurement of social inclusion, which becomes salient in adolescence and is relevant to first-episode psychosis (FEP; the onset of which typically occurs during or shortly after adolescence). Social inclusion may be impacted by impaired social cognition and social functioning, which are related features observed in psychosis. The aim of this study was to explore interrelationship(s) between social cognition, social functioning and social inclusion in FEP while controlling for symptomatology (positive, negative and depressive symptoms) and demographic characteristics. METHODS A series of cross-sectional hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted to examine whether: social cognition (theory of mind, emotion recognition) predicted social functioning; social functioning predicted social inclusion, and whether social functioning mediated the relationship between social cognition and social inclusion in people aged 15 to 25 (M = 20.49, SD = 2.41) with FEP (N = 146). Age, sex, premorbid IQ, positive and negative psychotic symptoms and depression were control variables. RESULTS Poor facial emotion recognition (β = -.22, P < .05) and negative symptoms (β = -.45, P < .001) predicted lower social functioning. Role-specific social functioning (ie, current employment) predicted greater social inclusion (β = .17, P < .05). Higher depression symptomatology predicted lower social inclusion (β = -.43, P < .001). Social functioning did not mediate the relationship between social cognition and inclusion. Psychotic symptoms were unrelated to social inclusion. CONCLUSIONS Employment and depression may influence social inclusion somewhat independently of psychotic symptomatology in FEP. Inferences should be viewed with caution given this study did not involve longitudinal data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Gardner
- Orygen, National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sue M Cotton
- Orygen, National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kelly Allott
- Orygen, National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kate M Filia
- Orygen, National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert Hester
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eóin Killackey
- Orygen, National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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