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Tsatsakis A, Oikonomopoulou T, Nikolouzakis TK, Vakonaki E, Tzatzarakis M, Flamourakis M, Renieri E, Fragkiadaki P, Iliaki E, Bachlitzanaki M, Karzi V, Katsikantami I, Kakridonis F, Hatzidaki E, Tolia M, Svistunov AA, Spandidos DA, Nikitovic D, Tsiaoussis J, Berdiaki A. Role of telomere length in human carcinogenesis (Review). Int J Oncol 2023; 63:78. [PMID: 37232367 PMCID: PMC10552730 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is considered the most important clinical, social and economic issue regarding cause‑specific disability‑adjusted life years among all human pathologies. Exogenous, endogenous and individual factors, including genetic predisposition, participate in cancer triggering. Telomeres are specific DNA structures positioned at the end of chromosomes and consist of repetitive nucleotide sequences, which, together with shelterin proteins, facilitate the maintenance of chromosome stability, while protecting them from genomic erosion. Even though the connection between telomere status and carcinogenesis has been identified, the absence of a universal or even a cancer‑specific trend renders consent even more complex. It is indicative that both short and long telomere lengths have been associated with a high risk of cancer incidence. When evaluating risk associations between cancer and telomere length, a disparity appears to emerge. Even though shorter telomeres have been adopted as a marker of poorer health status and an older biological age, longer telomeres due to increased cell growth potential are associated with the acquirement of cancer‑initiating somatic mutations. Therefore, the present review aimed to comprehensively present the multifaceted pattern of telomere length and cancer incidence association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion
| | - Tatiana Oikonomopoulou
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion
| | - Taxiarchis Konstantinos Nikolouzakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion
| | - Elena Vakonaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion
| | - Manolis Tzatzarakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion
| | | | - Elisavet Renieri
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion
| | | | - Evaggelia Iliaki
- Laboratory of Microbiology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion
| | - Maria Bachlitzanaki
- Department of Medical Oncology, Venizeleion General Hospital of Heraklion, 71409 Heraklion
| | - Vasiliki Karzi
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion
| | - Ioanna Katsikantami
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion
| | - Fotios Kakridonis
- Department of Spine Surgery and Scoliosis, KAT General Hospital, 14561 Athens
| | - Eleftheria Hatzidaki
- Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion
| | - Maria Tolia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Andrey A. Svistunov
- Department of Pharmacology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - John Tsiaoussis
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
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Guinobert I, Blondeau C, Colicchio B, Oudrhiri N, Dieterlen A, Jeandidier E, Deschenes G, Bardot V, Cotte C, Ripoche I, Carde P, Berthomier L, M’Kacher R. The Use of Natural Agents to Counteract Telomere Shortening: Effects of a Multi-Component Extract of Astragalus mongholicus Bunge and Danazol. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8020031. [PMID: 32059353 PMCID: PMC7168059 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A link between telomere shortening and oxidative stress was found in aging people and patients with cancer or inflammatory diseases. Extracts of Astragalus spp. are known to stimulate telomerase activity, thereby compensating telomere shortening. We characterized a multi-component hydroethanolic root extract (HRE) of Astragalus mongholicus Bunge and assessed its effects on telomeres compared to those of danazol. Astragalosides I to IV, flavonoids, amino acids and sugars were detected in the HRE. Samples of peripheral blood lymphocytes with short telomeres from 18 healthy donors (mean age 63.5 years; range 32–86 years) were exposed to a single dose of 1 µg/mL HRE or danazol for three days. Telomere length and telomerase expression were then measured. Significant elongation of telomeres associated to a less toxicity was observed in lymphocytes from 13/18 donors following HRE treatment (0.54 kb (0.15–2.06 kb)) and in those from 9/18 donors after danazol treatment (0.95 kb (0.06–2.06 kb)). The rate of cells with short telomeres (<3 kb) decreased in lymphocytes from all donors after exposure to either HRE or danazol, telomere elongation being telomerase-dependent. These findings suggest that the HRE could be used for the management of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Guinobert
- Groupe PiLeJe, 37 Quai de Grenelle, 75015 Paris Cedex 15, Naturopôle, Les Tiolans, 03800 Saint-Bonnet de Rochefort, France; (I.G.); (C.B.); (V.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Claude Blondeau
- Groupe PiLeJe, 37 Quai de Grenelle, 75015 Paris Cedex 15, Naturopôle, Les Tiolans, 03800 Saint-Bonnet de Rochefort, France; (I.G.); (C.B.); (V.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Bruno Colicchio
- IRIMAS, Institut de Recherche en Informatique, Mathématiques, Automatique et Signal, Université de Haute-Alsace, 68093 Mulhouse, France; (B.C.); (A.D.)
| | - Noufissa Oudrhiri
- Service d’Hématologie Moléculaire et Cytogénétique Paul Brousse CHU Paris Sud, Université Paris Sud, Inserm UMRS935, 94800 Villejuif, France;
| | - Alain Dieterlen
- IRIMAS, Institut de Recherche en Informatique, Mathématiques, Automatique et Signal, Université de Haute-Alsace, 68093 Mulhouse, France; (B.C.); (A.D.)
| | - Eric Jeandidier
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Groupe Hospitalier de la Région de Mulhouse et Sud-Alsace, 68070 Mulhouse, France;
| | - Georges Deschenes
- Service de Néphrologie, APHP-Hôpital Robert Debré, 75019 Paris, France;
| | - Valérie Bardot
- Groupe PiLeJe, 37 Quai de Grenelle, 75015 Paris Cedex 15, Naturopôle, Les Tiolans, 03800 Saint-Bonnet de Rochefort, France; (I.G.); (C.B.); (V.B.); (C.C.)
| | - César Cotte
- Groupe PiLeJe, 37 Quai de Grenelle, 75015 Paris Cedex 15, Naturopôle, Les Tiolans, 03800 Saint-Bonnet de Rochefort, France; (I.G.); (C.B.); (V.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Isabelle Ripoche
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, BP 10448, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (I.R.); (L.B.)
| | - Patrice Carde
- Département d’hématologie, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, université Paris Saclay, 94808 Villejuif, France;
| | - Lucile Berthomier
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, BP 10448, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (I.R.); (L.B.)
| | - Radhia M’Kacher
- Cell Environment, DNA damage R&D, 75020 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-01-48-81-30-38
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