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Alsulays BB, Aodah AH, Ahmed MM, Anwer MK. Preparation and Evaluation of Chitosan Coated PLGA Nanoparticles Encapsulating Ivosidenib with Enhanced Cytotoxicity Against Human Liver Cancer Cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:3461-3473. [PMID: 38617799 PMCID: PMC11015841 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s452989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ivosidenib (IVO), an isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) used for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and cholangiocarcinoma. However, poor solubility, low bioavailability, high dose and side effects limit clinical application of IVO. Methods Ivosidenib-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (IVO-PLGA-NPs) and Ivosidenib-loaded chitosan coated PLGA nanoparticles (IVO-CS-PLGA-NPs) were prepared using emulsification and solvent evaporation method for the treatment of liver cancer. Results The developed IVO-PLGA-NPs were evaluated for their particle size (171.7±4.9 nm), PDI (0.333), ZP (-23.0±5.8 mV), EE (96.3±4.3%), and DL (9.66±1.1%); similarly, the IVO-CS-PLGA-NPs were evaluated for their particle size (177.3±5.2 nm), PDI (0.311), ZP +25.9±5.7 mV, EE (90.8±5.7%), and DL (9.42±0.7%). The chitosan coating of IVO-PLGA-NPs was evidenced by an increase in mean particle size and positive ZP value. Because of the chitosan coating, the IVO-CS-PLGA-NPs showed a more stable and prolonged release of IVO than IVO-PLGA-NPs. In comparison to pure-IVO, the IVO-PLGA-NPs and IVO-CS-PLGA-NPs were found to be more effective against HepG2 cells, with IC50 values for the MTT assay being approximately half of those of pure-IVO. In HepG2 cells, the expressions of caspase-3, caspase-9, and p53 were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated. Conclusion Overall, these findings suggest that chitosan coating of IVO-PLGA-NPs improves the delivery and efficacy of ivosidenib in liver cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bader B Alsulays
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhussain H Aodah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Muqtader Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Kabil MF, Azzazy HMES, Nasr M. Recent progress on polySarcosine as an alternative to PEGylation: Synthesis and biomedical applications. Int J Pharm 2024; 653:123871. [PMID: 38301810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Biotherapeutic PEGylation to prolong action of medications has gained popularity over the last decades. Various hydrophilic natural polymers have been developed to tackle the drawbacks of PEGylation, such as its accelerated blood clearance and non-biodegradability. Polypeptoides, such as polysarcosine (pSar), have been explored as hydrophilic substitutes for PEG. pSar has PEG-like physicochemical characteristics such as water solubility and no reported cytotoxicity and immunogenicity. This review discusses pSar derivatives, synthesis, characterization approaches, biomedical applications, in addition to the challenges and future perspectives of pSar based biomaterials as an alternative to PEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fawzi Kabil
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Hassan Mohamed El-Said Azzazy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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3
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Sun L, Liu H, Ye Y, Lei Y, Islam R, Tan S, Tong R, Miao YB, Cai L. Smart nanoparticles for cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:418. [PMID: 37919282 PMCID: PMC10622502 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Smart nanoparticles, which can respond to biological cues or be guided by them, are emerging as a promising drug delivery platform for precise cancer treatment. The field of oncology, nanotechnology, and biomedicine has witnessed rapid progress, leading to innovative developments in smart nanoparticles for safer and more effective cancer therapy. In this review, we will highlight recent advancements in smart nanoparticles, including polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, micelles, liposomes, protein nanoparticles, cell membrane nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, iron oxide nanoparticles, quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, black phosphorus, MOF nanoparticles, and others. We will focus on their classification, structures, synthesis, and intelligent features. These smart nanoparticles possess the ability to respond to various external and internal stimuli, such as enzymes, pH, temperature, optics, and magnetism, making them intelligent systems. Additionally, this review will explore the latest studies on tumor targeting by functionalizing the surfaces of smart nanoparticles with tumor-specific ligands like antibodies, peptides, transferrin, and folic acid. We will also summarize different types of drug delivery options, including small molecules, peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, and even living cells, for their potential use in cancer therapy. While the potential of smart nanoparticles is promising, we will also acknowledge the challenges and clinical prospects associated with their use. Finally, we will propose a blueprint that involves the use of artificial intelligence-powered nanoparticles in cancer treatment applications. By harnessing the potential of smart nanoparticles, this review aims to usher in a new era of precise and personalized cancer therapy, providing patients with individualized treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leming Sun
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
- School of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment in Special Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yanqi Ye
- Sorrento Therapeutics Inc., 4955 Directors Place, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Yang Lei
- School of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment in Special Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Rehmat Islam
- School of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment in Special Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Sumin Tan
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yang-Bao Miao
- Department of Haematology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Lulu Cai
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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Kumari M, Acharya A, Krishnamurthy PT. Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles for target-specific drug delivery of chemotherapeutics. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 14:912-926. [PMID: 37701520 PMCID: PMC10494237 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.14.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology provides effective methods for precisely delivering chemotherapeutics to cancer cells, thereby improving efficacy and reducing off-target side effects. The targeted delivery of nanoscale chemotherapeutics is accomplished by two different approaches, namely the exploitation of leaky tumor vasculature (EPR effect) and the surface modification of nanoparticles (NPs) with various tumor-homing peptides, aptamers, oligonucleotides, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Because of higher binding affinity and specificity, mAbs have received a lot of attention for the detection of selective cancer biomarkers and also for the treatment of various types of cancer. Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles (ACNPs) are an effective targeted therapy for the efficient delivery of chemotherapeutics specifically to the targeted cancer cells. ACNPs combine the benefits of NPs and mAbs to provide high drug loads at the tumor site with better selectivity and delivery efficiency. The mAbs on the NP surfaces recognize their specific receptors expressed on the target cells and release the chemotherapeutic agent in a controlled manner. Appropriately designed and synthesized ACNPs are essential to fully realize their therapeutic benefits. In blood stream, ACNPs instantly interact with biological molecules, and a protein corona is formed. Protein corona formation triggers an immune response and affects the targeting ability of the nanoformulation. In this review, we provide recent findings to highlight several antibody conjugation methods such as adsorption, covalent conjugation, and biotin-avidin interaction. This review also provides an overview of the many effects of the protein corona and the theranostic applications of ACNPs for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Kumari
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amitabha Acharya
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur (H.P.) 176061, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Praveen Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
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Alshetaili AS, Ali R, Qamar W, Almohizea S, Anwer MK. Preparation, optimization, and characterization of chrysin-loaded TPGS-b-PCL micelles and assessment of their cytotoxic potential in human liver cancer (Hep G2) cell lines. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125679. [PMID: 37406911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
In total, nine TPGS-b-PCL copolymers were synthesized employing distinct TPGS analogues (TPGS 2000, 3500, and 5000). In these copolymers, the length of the PCL chain varied according to the TPGS to PCL molecular weight ratio (1:1, 1:2, and 1:3). The formulation optimization was done by optimizing the drug to polymer ratio, encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, micelle diameter, and polydispersity index (PDI). TPGS3500-b-PCL7000 copolymer (TPGS to PCL ratio 1:2) with drug to polymer ratio 1:30 showed the best percentage encapsulation (63.50 ± 0.45 %) and drug loading (2.05 ± 0.07). The optimal micelle (CHR-M) diameter and PDI were determined to be 94.57 ± 13.40 nm and 0.16 ± 0.02, respectively. CHR-M showed slow release when compared with alcoholic solution of chrysin. Approximately 70.70 ± 6.4 % drug was released in 72 h. The CHR-M demonstrated considerably greater absorption in Hep G2 cells, which confirmed the reliability of the micellar carrier. The MTT assay results showed that the IC50 values for CHR-M were much lower after 24 and 48 h when compared to free chrysin. Therefore, CHR-M may be a viable carrier for active chrysin targeting with improved anticancer potential. Also, it could be a better alternative for the currently available treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah S Alshetaili
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Raisuddin Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajhul Qamar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Almohizea
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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Bakrania A, To J, Zheng G, Bhat M. Targeting Wnt-β-Catenin Signaling Pathway for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Nanomedicine. GASTRO HEP ADVANCES 2023; 2:948-963. [PMID: 39130774 PMCID: PMC11307499 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastha.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a high-fatality cancer with a 5-year survival of 22%. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway presents as one of the most upregulated pathways in HCC. However, it has so far not been targetable in the clinical setting. Therefore, studying new targets of this signaling cascade from a therapeutic aspect could enable reversal, delay, or prevention of hepatocarcinogenesis. Although enormous advancement has been achieved in HCC research and its therapeutic management, since HCC often occurs in the context of other liver diseases such as cirrhosis leading to liver dysfunction and/or impaired drug metabolism, the current therapies face the challenge of safely and effectively delivering drugs to the HCC tumor site. In this review, we discuss how a targeted nano drug delivery system could help minimize the off-target toxicities of conventional HCC therapies as well as enhance treatment efficacy. We also put forward the current challenges in HCC nanomedicine along with some potential therapeutic targets from the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway that could be used for HCC therapy. Overall, this review will provide an insight to the current advances, limitations and how HCC nanomedicine could change the landscape of some of the undruggable targets in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Bakrania
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey To
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gang Zheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mamatha Bhat
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Sciences, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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7
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Gupta R, Kadhim MM, Turki Jalil A, Obayes AM, Aminov Z, Alsaikhan F, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Ramaiah P, Tayyib NA, Luo X. Multifaceted role of NF-κB in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy: Molecular landscape, therapeutic compounds and nanomaterial approaches. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 228:115767. [PMID: 36966991 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The predominant kind of liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that its treatment have been troublesome difficulties for physicians due to aggressive behavior of tumor cells in proliferation and metastasis. Moreover, stemness of HCC cells can result in tumor recurrence and angiogenesis occurs. Another problem is development of resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in HCC cells. Genomic mutations participate in malignant behavior of HCC and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) has been one of the oncogenic factors in different human cancers that after nuclear translocation, it binds to promoter of genes in regulating their expression. Overexpression of NF-κB has been well-documented in increasing proliferation and invasion of tumor cells and notably, when its expression enhances, it induces chemoresistance and radio-resistance. Highlighting function of NF-κB in HCC can shed some light on the pathways regulating progression of tumor cells. The first aspect is proliferation acceleration and apoptosis inhibition in HCC cells mediated by enhancement in expression level of NF-κB. Moreover, NF-κB is able to enhance invasion of HCC cells via upregulation of MMPs and EMT, and it triggers angiogenesis as another step for increasing spread of tumor cells in tissues and organs. When NF-κB expression enhances, it stimulates chemoresistance and radio-resistance in HCC cells and by increasing stemness and population of cancer-stem cells, it can provide the way for recurrence of tumor. Overexpression of NF-κB mediates therapy resistance in HCC cells and it can be regulated by non-coding RNAs in HCC. Moreover, inhibition of NF-κB by anti-cancer and epigenetic drugs suppresses HCC tumorigenesis. More importantly, nanoparticles are considered for suppressing NF-κB axis in cancer and their prospectives and results can also be utilized for treatment of HCC. Nanomaterials are promising factors in treatment of HCC and by delivery of genes and drugs, they suppress HCC progression. Furthermore, nanomaterials provide phototherapy in HCC ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, District-Mathura, U. P., India
| | - Mustafa M Kadhim
- Department of Dentistry, Kut University College, Kut, Wasit, 52001, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, 10022, Iraq
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq.
| | | | - Zafar Aminov
- Department of Public Health and Healthcare Management, Samarkand State Medical University, 18 Amir Temur Street, Samarkand, Uzbekistan; Department of Scientific Affairs, Tashkent State Dental Institute, 103 Makhtumkuli Str., Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Ecuador; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Colombia; Educational Statistics Research Group (GIEE), National University of Education, Ecuador
| | | | - Nahla A Tayyib
- Faculty of Nursing, Umm al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xuanming Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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8
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Ma Y, Liu X, Tang X. ETS-1/c-Met drives resistance to sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:896-913. [PMID: 36915773 PMCID: PMC10006745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to clarify the molecular regulatory mechanism of c-Met up-regulated expression and elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which c-Met overexpression and activation drive progression and sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS The resistance index was calculated. Bioinformatic techniques were applied to predict the transcription factors that bind and their binding sites on the c-Met promoter. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were implemented to verify the prediction results. To determine the regulatory mechanisms and effects of c-Met on sorafenib resistance in HCC, c-Met expression and activation were down-regulated by siRNA and inhibitor in in vivo and vitro experiments, while a parental cell line (Huh-7) was transfected with the adenovirus that upregulated c-Met expression. RESULTS c-Met expression was increased in HCC sorafenib-resistant cells. Functional findings suggested that c-Met overexpression and activation drive HCC tumor progression and sorafenib resistance by promoting cell proliferation, migration, and stopping apoptosis. Molecular mechanism findings demonstrated that the MEK/ERK signaling pathway activated the expression and activity of ETS-1 mediated by p-ERK, which led to its binding to the c-Met gene promoter and upregulation of c-Met transcriptional expression. The activation of the HGF/c-Met pathway drives sorafenib resistance in HCC cells by activating the Ras/Raf/ERK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, which regulate biologic processes, including cell proliferation, migration and anti-apoptosis. CONCLUSION c-Met overexpression and activation is an essential mechanism of sorafenib resistance in HCC. Combination therapy of sorafenib plus c-Met inhibitor overcame the resistance of sorafenib-targeted therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfang Ma
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan 232001, Anhui, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueke Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan 232001, Anhui, China
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Han Z, Song B, Yang J, Wang B, Ma Z, Yu L, Li Y, Xu H, Qiao M. Curcumin-Encapsulated Fusion Protein-Based Nanocarrier Demonstrated Highly Efficient Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Targeted Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:15464-15473. [PMID: 36454954 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin, a polyphenol derived from turmeric, has multiple biological functions, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial and, above all, antitumor activity. Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract with an extremely high mortality rate. However, the low bioavailability and poor targeting properties of curcumin generally limit its clinical application. In the present study, we designed a fusion protein GE11-HGFI as a nanodrug delivery system. The protein was connected by flexible linkers, inheriting the self-assembly properties of hydrophobin HGFI and the targeting ability of GE11. The data show that the encapsulation of curcumin by fusion protein GE11-HGFI can form uniform and stable nanoparticles with a size of only 80 nm. In addition, the nanocarrier had high encapsulation efficiency for curcumin and made it to release sustainably. Notably, the drug-loaded nanosystem selectively targeted colorectal cancer cells with high epidermal growth factor receptor expression, resulting in high aggregated concentrations of curcumin at tumor sites, thus showing a significant anticancer effect. These results suggest that the nanocarrier fusion protein has the potential to be a novel strategy for enhancing molecular bioactivity and drug targeting in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Han
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Bo Song
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Jiyuan Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Zhongqiang Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Long Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Yuanhao Li
- Remegen Co., Ltd., Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Haijin Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Mingqiang Qiao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030000, P.R. China
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Mossenta M, Busato D, Dal Bo M, Macor P, Toffoli G. Novel Nanotechnology Approaches to Overcome Drug Resistance in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Glypican 3 as a Useful Target for Innovative Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10038. [PMID: 36077433 PMCID: PMC9456072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most lethal tumor, with a 5-year survival rate of 18%. Early stage HCC is potentially treatable by therapies with curative intent, whereas chemoembolization/radioembolization and systemic therapies are the only therapeutic options for intermediate or advanced HCC. Drug resistance is a critical obstacle in the treatment of HCC that could be overcome by the use of targeted nanoparticle-based therapies directed towards specific tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) to improve drug delivery. Glypican 3 (GPC3) is a member of the glypican family, heparan sulfate proteoglycans bound to the cell surface via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor. The high levels of GPC3 detected in HCC and the absence or very low levels in normal and non-malignant liver make GPC3 a promising TAA candidate for targeted nanoparticle-based therapies. The use of nanoparticles conjugated with anti-GPC3 agents may improve drug delivery, leading to a reduction in severe side effects caused by chemotherapy and increased drug release at the tumor site. In this review, we describe the main clinical features of HCC and the common treatment approaches. We propose the proteoglycan GPC3 as a useful TAA for targeted therapies. Finally, we describe nanotechnology approaches for anti-GPC3 drug delivery systems based on NPs for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Mossenta
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Davide Busato
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Michele Dal Bo
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Paolo Macor
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
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Biomarkers and Genetic Markers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma-What Do We Already Know. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061493. [PMID: 35326644 PMCID: PMC8946081 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma continue to remain a serious threat. In this review, we describe the most common biomarkers and genetic markers currently used in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. It can be observed that biomarkers and genetic markers might be applied in various parts of diagnosis including screening tests in a high-risk group, non-invasive detection, control of therapy, treatment selection, and control of recurrence. Also, it can be seen that nowadays there is a need for more specific markers that would improve the detection in early or very early stages of both types of cancers and further research should be focused on it. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer with an increasing worldwide mortality rate. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common primary liver cancer. In both types of cancers, early detection is very important. Biomarkers are a relevant part of diagnosis, enabling non-invasive detection and control of cancer recurrence, as well as in the application of screening tests in high-risk groups. Furthermore, some of these biomarkers are useful in controlling therapy and treatment selection. Detection of some markers presents higher sensitivity and specificity in combination with other markers when compared with a single detection. Some gene aberrations are also prognostic markers in the two types of cancers. In the following review, we discuss the most common biomarkers and genetic markers currently being used in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma.
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Yang S, Cai C, Wang H, Ma X, Shao A, Sheng J, Yu C. Drug delivery strategy in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:26. [PMID: 35248060 PMCID: PMC8898478 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00796-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, with high rates of recurrence and death. Surgical resection and ablation therapy have limited efficacy for patients with advanced HCC and poor liver function, so pharmacotherapy is the first-line option for those patients. Traditional antitumor drugs have the disadvantages of poor biological distribution and pharmacokinetics, poor target selectivity, high resistance, and high toxicity to nontargeted tissues. Recently, the development of nanotechnology has significantly improved drug delivery to tumor sites by changing the physical and biological characteristics of drugs and nanocarriers to improve their pharmacokinetics and biological distribution and to selectively accumulate cytotoxic agents at tumor sites. Here, we systematically review the tumor microenvironment of HCC and the recent application of nanotechnology in HCC.
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13
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Zeng H, Xia C, Zhao B, Zhu M, Zhang H, Zhang D, Rui X, Li H, Yuan Y. Folic Acid-Functionalized Metal-Organic Framework Nanoparticles as Drug Carriers Improved Bufalin Antitumor Activity Against Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:747992. [PMID: 35115921 PMCID: PMC8805731 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.747992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bufalin (Buf), an active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicine Chansu, is known to have anticancer effects for breast cancer. However, its poor solubility, high toxicity, and extensive side effects limit its use. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of promising drug delivery systems known for their high porosity. Here, we designed and constructed pH-sensitive and redox-responsive folic acid–modified MOFs as drug carriers of Buf (FA-MOF/Buf). Moreover, the anticancer activity of nanomedicines was also explored in vitro and in vivo. Compared to free Buf, the FA-MOF/Buf nanoparticles demonstrated improved water solubility and stability, higher intracellular uptake, and enhanced cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells in vitro. Furthermore, it displayed improved accumulation in the tumor site, enhanced anticancer activity, and reduced side effects in vivo. Our results demonstrated that FA-MOF could be developed as a potential delivery system for Buf to improve its antitumor activity for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Xia
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Zhao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhu
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - HaoYue Zhang
- Colorectal Disease Center of Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Die Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Rui
- Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huili Li
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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14
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Bakrania A, Zheng G, Bhat M. Nanomedicine in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A New Frontier in Targeted Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2021; 14:41. [PMID: 35056937 PMCID: PMC8779722 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death and is associated with a dismal median survival of 2-9 months. The fundamental limitations and ineffectiveness of current HCC treatments have led to the development of a vast range of nanotechnologies with the goal of improving the safety and efficacy of treatment for HCC. Although remarkable success has been achieved in nanomedicine research, there are unique considerations such as molecular heterogeneity and concomitant liver dysfunction that complicate the translation of nanotheranostics in HCC. This review highlights the progress, challenges, and targeting opportunities in HCC nanomedicine based on the growing literature in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Bakrania
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada;
- Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada;
| | - Gang Zheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada;
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Mamatha Bhat
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada;
- Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
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15
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Su D. The transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with targeted nanoparticle delivering sorafenib system for the treatment of microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma. Bioengineered 2021; 12:11124-11135. [PMID: 34923912 PMCID: PMC8810100 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2001239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
to explore the value of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with targeted nanoparticle delivery system for sorafenib (SFB) to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with microvascular invasion. 42 HCC patients with microvascular invasion after liver cancer surgery were selected from our hospital from December 2020 and February 2021. Patients were divided into experimental group and control group based on their willingness. Patients in experimental group (18 cases) were treated with combination therapy of TACE and Ab-SFB-NP system; while patients in control group (24 cases) took TACE and non-nano drug delivery system. There was no obvious difference in liver function and blood test results between two groups of patients before treatment and one month after treatment (P > 0.05). Three months after treatment, differences of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were statistically significant (P < 0.05); while differences of other test results were not (P > 0.05). The disease control rate (DCR) of patients in experimental group was higher slightly (P > 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions of patients in experimental group was lower than the control group and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). After three months of TACE, the DCR in the experimental group was significantly higher compared to control group. The toxic reactions of taking SFB with Ab-SFB-NP nano-drug delivery system mainly included hand-foot syndrome, diarrhea, and bleeding, the toxic reactions were mainly at level 1 ~ 2. After symptomatic treatment, the toxicity was effectively controlled, so the security was high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongna Su
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
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16
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Cao L, Zhu YQ, Wu ZX, Wang GX, Cheng HW. Engineering nanotheranostic strategies for liver cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:1213-1228. [PMID: 34721763 PMCID: PMC8529922 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i10.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma have continued to increase over the last few years, and the medicine-based outlook of patients is poor. Given great ideas from the development of nanotechnology in medicine, especially the advantages in the treatments of liver cancer. Some engineering nanoparticles with active targeting, ligand modification, and passive targeting capacity achieve efficient drug delivery to tumor cells. In addition, the behavior of drug release is also applied to the drug loading nanosystem based on the tumor microenvironment. Considering clinical use of local treatment of liver cancer, in situ drug delivery of nanogels is also fully studied in orthotopic chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and ablation therapy. Furthermore, novel therapies including gene therapy, phototherapy, and immunotherapy are also applied as combined therapy for liver cancer. Engineering nonviral polymers to function as gene delivery vectors with increased efficiency and specificity, and strategies of co-delivery of therapeutic genes and drugs show great therapeutic effect against liver tumors, including drug-resistant tumors. Phototherapy is also applied in surgical procedures, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Combination strategies significantly enhance therapeutic effects and decrease side effects. Overall, the application of nanotechnology could bring a revolutionary change to the current treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- Department of Pathology, Quanzhou Women's and Children's Hospital, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yu-Qin Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Quanzhou Women's and Children's Hospital, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhi-Xian Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, The 900th Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force, Fuzhou 350025, Fujian Province, China
| | - Gao-Xiong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Quanzhou Women's and Children's Hospital, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Hong-Wei Cheng
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361002, Fujian Province, China
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17
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Mintz KJ, Leblanc RM. The use of nanotechnology to combat liver cancer: Progress and perspectives. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188621. [PMID: 34454983 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and is also one of the most difficult cancers to treat, resulting in almost one million deaths per year, and the danger of this cancer is compounded when the tumor is nonresectable. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer and has the third highest mortality rate worldwide. Considering the morbid statistics surrounding this cancer it is a popular research topic to target for better therapy practices. This review summarizes the role of nanotechnology in these endeavors. Nanoparticles (NPs) are a very broad class of material and many different kinds have been used to potentially combat liver cancer. Gold, silver, platinum, metal oxide, calcium, and selenium NPs as well as less common materials are all inorganic NPs that have been used as a therapeutic, carrier, or imaging agent in drug delivery systems (DDS) and these efforts are described. Carbon-based NPs, including polymeric, polysaccharide, and lipid NPs as well as carbon dots, have also been widely studied for this purpose and the role they play in DDS for the treatment of liver cancer is illustrated in this review. The multifunctional nature of many NPs described herein, allows these systems to display high anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo and highlights the advantage of and need for combinatorial therapy in treating this difficult cancer. These works are summarized, and future directions are presented for this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keenan J Mintz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
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18
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Chowdhury MMH, Salazar CJJ, Nurunnabi M. Recent advances in bionanomaterials for liver cancer diagnosis and treatment. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:4821-4842. [PMID: 34032223 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00167a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer associated with death worldwide. It demands effective treatment and diagnostic strategies to hinder its recurrence, complexities, aggressive metastasis and late diagnosis. With recent progress in nanotechnology, several nanoparticle-based diagnostic and therapeutic modalities have entered into clinical trials. With further developments in nanoparticle mediated liver cancer diagnosis and treatment, the approach holds promise for improved clinical liver cancer management. In this review, we discuss the key advances in nanoparticles that have potential for liver cancer diagnosis and treatment. We also discuss the potential of nanoparticles to overcome the limitations of existing therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Mehadi Hassan Chowdhury
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurnponds, Vic-3216, Australia and Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Nurunnabi
- Environmental Science & Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, TX 79968, USA. and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, TX 79968, USA and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, TX 79902, USA and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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19
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Fawzi Kabil M, Nasr M, El-Sherbiny IM. Conventional and hybrid nanoparticulate systems for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: An updated review. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 167:9-37. [PMID: 34271117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered a serious malignancy which affects a large number of people worldwide. Despite the presence of some diagnostic techniques for HCC, the fact that its symptoms somehow overlap with other diseases causes it to be diagnosed at a late stage, hence negatively affecting the prognosis of the disease. The currently available treatment strategies have many shortcomings such as high cost, induction of serious side effects as well as multiple drug resistance, hence resulting in therapeutic failure. Accordingly, nanoformulations have been developed in order to overcome the clinical challenges, enhance the therapeutic efficacy, and elicit chemotherapy tailor-ability. Hybrid nanoparticulate carriers in particular, which are composed of two or more drug vehicles with different physicochemical characteristics combined together in one system, have been recently reported to advance nanotechnology-based therapies. Therefore, this review sheds the light on HCC, and the role of nanotechnology and hybrid nanoparticulate carriers as well as the latest developments in the use of conventional nanoparticles in combating this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fawzi Kabil
- Center for Materials Science, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th October City, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Center for Materials Science, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th October City, Giza 12578, Egypt.
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20
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Russo E, Spallarossa A, Tasso B, Villa C, Brullo C. Nanotechnology of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy: A Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6538. [PMID: 34207175 PMCID: PMC8235113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is an important application in modern cancer therapy. In comparison with conventional drug formulations, nanoparticles ensure better penetration into the tumor mass by exploiting the enhanced permeability and retention effect, longer blood circulation times by a reduced renal excretion and a decrease in side effects and drug accumulation in healthy tissues. The most significant classes of nanoparticles (i.e., liposomes, inorganic and organic nanoparticles) are here discussed with a particular focus on their use as delivery systems for small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). A number of these new compounds (e.g., Imatinib, Dasatinib, Ponatinib) have been approved as first-line therapy in different cancer types but their clinical use is limited by poor solubility and oral bioavailability. Consequently, new nanoparticle systems are necessary to ameliorate formulations and reduce toxicity. In this review, some of the most important TKIs are reported, focusing on ongoing clinical studies, and the recent drug delivery systems for these molecules are investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Russo
- Section of Medicinal and Cosmetic Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3-16132 Genova, Italy; (A.S.); (B.T.); (C.V.)
| | | | | | | | - Chiara Brullo
- Section of Medicinal and Cosmetic Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3-16132 Genova, Italy; (A.S.); (B.T.); (C.V.)
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21
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Xu R, Zhang Y, Li A, Ma Y, Cai W, Song L, Xie Y, Zhou S, Cao W, Tang X. LY‑294002 enhances the chemosensitivity of liver cancer to oxaliplatin by blocking the PI3K/AKT/HIF‑1α pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:508. [PMID: 33982772 PMCID: PMC8134878 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. The therapeutic effect of oxaliplatin on liver cancer is often limited by acquired resistance of the cancer cells. Abnormal activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway plays an important role in the acquired resistance of oxaliplatin. The present study investigated the effects of the PI3K inhibitor LY-294002 and AKT inhibitor MK2206 on the chemosensitivity of oxaliplatin-resistant liver cancer cells and the molecular mechanism involved. An oxaliplatin-resistant liver cancer cell line HepG2R was developed. MTT assay, clone formation experiments, flow cytometry and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining were used to determine the proliferation, cycle and apoptosis of HepG2R cells when oxaliplatin was combined with LY-294002 or MK2206 treatment. The effects of LY-294002 and MK-2206 on the abnormal activation of PI3K/AKT pathway and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α protein level in HepG2R cells were detected using western blotting. The results indicated that the PI3K/AKT pathway is stably activated in HepG2R cells. Compared with the AKT inhibitor MK2206, the PI3K inhibitor LY-294002 more effectively downregulated the phosphorylation levels of p85, p110α, p110β, p110γ and AKT in the PI3K/AKT pathway in HepG2R cells, and more effectively inhibited the proliferation of the cells. LY-294002 enhanced the chemotherapy sensitivity of HepG2R cells to oxaliplatin by inducing G0/G1 phase arrest and increasing the proportion of apoptotic cells. In addition, LY-294002 reduced the level of HIF-1α, which is highly expressed in HepG2R cells. It was concluded that LY-294002 enhanced the chemosensitivity of liver cancer cells to oxaliplatin by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which may be related to the inhibition of HIF-1α expression. These findings may have clinical significance for the treatment of oxaliplatin-resistant liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyue Xu
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
| | - Yinci Zhang
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
| | - Amin Li
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
| | - Yongfang Ma
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
| | - Wenpeng Cai
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
| | - Li Song
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
| | - Yinghai Xie
- Institute of Environmentally Friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Shuping Zhou
- Institute of Environmentally Friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Weiya Cao
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
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22
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Zhou S, Ma Y, Liu X, Yu P, Huang N, Song L, Xu R, Huo Z, Zhu T, Tang X. Targeted Delivery of Glypican 3 (GPC3) Antibody-Modified MicroRNA (miR let-7b-5p) Polymer Nanoparticles to Sorafenib-Resistant Hepatsocellular Carcinoma Cells. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:677-690. [PMID: 35057893 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The miR let-7b-5p (a kind of microRNAs) has many pathophysiological regulation effects, including human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis. This study investigated whether nanoparticle-mediated miR let-7b-5p could jointly enhance the therapeutic effect of sorafenib on HCC by
inhibiting the proliferation of HCC cells, inducing apoptosis, and reversing drug resistance. We evaluated the level of miR let-7b-5p in sorafenib-resistant HepG2 cells (HepG2R) and HepG2 HCC cells by qRT-PCR and analyzed the biological effects of hepatocellular carcinoma treated
with sorafenib with miR let-7b-5p, and further studied the toxicity of nanoparticles (Ab-miR-NPs) that deliver miR let-7b-5p mimics and target GPC3 on the surface of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Results showed that, in HepG2 cells, the expression level of miR let-7b-5p was significantly
higher than that in HepG2R cells. Targeted nanoparticle Ab-miR-NPs mediated the delivery of miR let-7b-5p to the HCC cytoplasm and released miRNA after being broken down, down-regulating the expression of IGF1R and inhibiting AKT/mTOR and Ras/Raf signal transmission. Ab-miR-NPs
not only enhanced the proliferation of sorafenib in cultured HepG2R cells and induced cell apoptosis efficiency, but they also improved the anti-tumor activity in the mouse models. These results indicated that GPC3 antibody-modified PLGA-PLL (polylactic acid-glycolic acetic copolymer
grafted hyper-branched polylysine) loaded miR let-7b-5p polymer nanoparticles combined with sorafenib may be a new treatment strategy for HCC resistant to sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Zhou
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University ofScience & Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Yongfang Ma
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University ofScience & Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Xueke Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China 5Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Pan Yu
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Ning Huang
- Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu 241003, China
| | - Li Song
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University ofScience & Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Ruyue Xu
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University ofScience & Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Zhen Huo
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University ofScience & Technology, Huainan 232001, China
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23
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PLGA nanoparticles containing α-fetoprotein siRNA induce apoptosis and enhance the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin in human liver cancer cell line. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 553:191-197. [PMID: 33774221 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers and is a leading cause of death. Delivery of therapeutic molecules, e.g., siRNA, to HCC cells could potentially be an alternative treatment for HCC. In this study, the siRNA targeting α-fetoprotein (AFP) mRNA was found to specifically induce apoptosis and significant cell death in HepG2 cells. It also enhanced the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin by about two-fold, making it the candidate therapeutic molecule for HCC treatment. To deliver the siRNAs into HCC cells, the AFP siRNAs were loaded into the nanoparticles based on poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA). These nanoparticles induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells and synergistically increased the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin. In summary, the delivery of the AFP siRNA-loaded PLGA nanoparticles in combination with doxorubicin could be a very promising approach for the treatment of HCC.
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Kong FH, Ye QF, Miao XY, Liu X, Huang SQ, Xiong L, Wen Y, Zhang ZJ. Current status of sorafenib nanoparticle delivery systems in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:5464-5490. [PMID: 33859758 PMCID: PMC8039945 DOI: 10.7150/thno.54822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Advanced HCC displays strong resistance to chemotherapy, and traditional chemotherapy drugs do not achieve satisfactory therapeutic efficacy. Sorafenib is an oral kinase inhibitor that inhibits tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis and induces cancer cell apoptosis. It also improves the survival rates of patients with advanced liver cancer. However, due to its poor solubility, fast metabolism, and low bioavailability, clinical applications of sorafenib have been substantially restricted. In recent years, various studies have been conducted on the use of nanoparticles to improve drug targeting and therapeutic efficacy in HCC. Moreover, nanoparticles have been extensively explored to improve the therapeutic efficacy of sorafenib, and a variety of nanoparticles, such as polymer, lipid, silica, and metal nanoparticles, have been developed for treating liver cancer. All these new technologies have improved the targeted treatment of HCC by sorafenib and promoted nanomedicines as treatments for HCC. This review provides an overview of hot topics in tumor nanoscience and the latest status of treatments for HCC. It further introduces the current research status of nanoparticle drug delivery systems for treatment of HCC with sorafenib.
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Identifying Novel Cell Glycolysis-Related Gene Signature Predictive of Overall Survival in Gastric Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9656947. [PMID: 33791386 PMCID: PMC7982000 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9656947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is believed to be one of the most common digestive tract malignant tumors. The prognosis of GC remains poor due to its high malignancy, high incidence of metastasis and relapse, and lack of effective treatment. The constant progress in bioinformatics and molecular biology techniques has given rise to the discovery of biomarkers with clinical value to predict the GC patients' prognosis. However, the use of a single gene biomarker can hardly achieve the satisfactory specificity and sensitivity. Therefore, it is urgent to identify novel genetic markers to forecast the prognosis of patients with GC. Materials and Methods In our research, data mining was applied to perform expression profile analysis of mRNAs in the 443 GC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. Genes associated with the overall survival (OS) of GC were identified using univariate analysis. The prognostic predictive value of the risk factors was determined using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate analysis. The risk scoring system was built in TCGA dataset and validated in an independent Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset comprising 300 GC patients. Based on the median of the risk score, GC patients were grouped into high-risk and low-risk groups. Results We identified four genes (GMPPA, GPC3, NUP50, and VCAN) that were significantly correlated with GC patients' OS. The high-risk group showed poor prognosis, indicating that the risk score was an effective predictor for the prognosis of GC patients. Conclusion The signature consisting of four glycolysis-related genes could be used to forecast the GC patients' prognosis.
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Guvenc D, Inal S, Kuruca N, Gokmen S, Guvenc T. Synthetic pyrethroids common metabolite 3-phenoxybenzoic acid induces caspase-3 and Bcl-2 mediated apoptosis in human hepatocyte cells. Drug Chem Toxicol 2021; 45:1971-1977. [PMID: 33706615 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1894720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic pyrethroids are a group of insecticides frequently used in public health and agriculture, and 3-PBA is a common metabolite of them. Although the liver is the primary organ responsible for metabolizing many compounds including pesticides, to the authors' knowledge there have been no studies on the direct hepatotoxic effects of 3-PBA. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the possible hepatotoxic effects of 3-PBA on a Human Hepatoma Cell Line (HepG2) and the underlying apoptotic mechanisms. Firstly, an LC50 of 1041.242 µM was calculated for 3-PBA by using the WST-1 test with concentrations ranging between 1 µM and 10 mM. Following that, the HepG2 cells in the experimental group were exposed to 3 different concentrations of 3-PBA (1/5 LC50, 1/10 LC50 and 1/20 LC50) for 24 hours. The apoptotic mechanism was evaluated by using flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence assays for Caspase 3 and Bcl-2. In the flow cytometry assay, the total number of apoptotic cells increased in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05). In the immunofluorescence assay, the Caspase 3 protein showed strong immunoreactivity in the experimental groups, while the reaction to the Bcl-2 protein was minimal. These results demonstrated that 3-PBA has a significant hepatotoxic effect on HepG2 cells and induces apoptosis via the regulation of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2. Furthermore, our results could further the understanding of the fundamental molecular mechanisms of 3-PBA hepatotoxicity. More studies are needed to determine the effects of long-term exposure to 3-PBA and also the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Guvenc
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ondokuz Mayis, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Sinem Inal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ondokuz Mayis, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Nilufer Kuruca
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ondokuz Mayis, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Sedat Gokmen
- Department of Laborant and Veterinary Health, Suluova Vocational School, Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey
| | - Tolga Guvenc
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ondokuz Mayis, Samsun, Turkey
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Yang H, Jing H, Han X, Tan H, Cheng W. Synergistic Anticancer Strategy of Sonodynamic Therapy Combined with PI-103 Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:531-542. [PMID: 33603343 PMCID: PMC7886098 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s296880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is considered a promising therapeutic strategy for the effective elimination of cancer cells. However, developing novel sonosensitizers with potentially high SDT efficacy remains a considerable challenge. Herein, we utilized near-infrared dye IR820 nanobubbles (NBs) combined with a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor PI-103 for the SDT treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vitro. Methods The generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) were quantified using 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate to determine the feasibility of using IR820 NBs as a potential sonosensitizer. The inhibition effects of the synergistic therapy was examined using the cell counting Kit 8 assay and apoptosis assay. JC-1 staining was performed to study mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and the transwell assay was used for cell migration analysis. Results The particle size and zeta potential of IR820 NBs were 545.5±93.1 nm and −5.19±1.73 mV, respectively. ROS accumulation was observed after HepG2 cells were treated with IR820 NBs under ultrasound irradiation. The SDT combined with PI-103 group inhibited cell viability and migration more strongly than the other groups (P < 0.01). The apoptosis assay also demonstrated a relatively high anti-HCC efficacy with the synergistic therapy, while JC-1 staining showed a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential after the combined treatment. Conclusion The combination of SDT and PI-103 was very effective in suppressing HCC proliferation, which might help develop new minimally invasive cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajing Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Jing
- Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyan Tan
- Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Cheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, People's Republic of China
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Bloise N, Okkeh M, Restivo E, Della Pina C, Visai L. Targeting the "Sweet Side" of Tumor with Glycan-Binding Molecules Conjugated-Nanoparticles: Implications in Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:289. [PMID: 33499388 PMCID: PMC7911724 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is in the spotlight of therapeutic innovation, with numerous advantages for tumor visualization and eradication. The end goal of the therapeutic use of nanoparticles, however, remains distant due to the limitations of nanoparticles to target cancer tissue. The functionalization of nanosystem surfaces with biological ligands is a major strategy for directing the actions of nanomaterials specifically to tumor cells. Cancer formation and metastasis are accompanied by profound alterations in protein glycosylation. Hence, the detection and targeting of aberrant glycans are of great value in cancer diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we provide a brief update on recent progress targeting aberrant glycosylation by functionalizing nanoparticles with glycan-binding molecules (with a special focus on lectins and anti-glycan antibodies) to improve the efficacy of nanoparticles in cancer targeting, diagnosis, and therapy and outline the challenges and limitations in implementing this approach. We envision that the combination of nanotechnological strategies and cancer-associated glycan targeting could remodel the field of cancer diagnosis and therapy, including immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Bloise
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center for Health Technologies (CHT), INSTM UdR of Pavia, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 3/B-27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.O.); (E.R.); (L.V.)
- Medicina Clinica-Specialistica, UOR5 Laboratorio Di Nanotecnologie, ICS Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Via Boezio, 28-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mohammad Okkeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center for Health Technologies (CHT), INSTM UdR of Pavia, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 3/B-27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.O.); (E.R.); (L.V.)
- Medicina Clinica-Specialistica, UOR5 Laboratorio Di Nanotecnologie, ICS Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Via Boezio, 28-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Restivo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center for Health Technologies (CHT), INSTM UdR of Pavia, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 3/B-27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.O.); (E.R.); (L.V.)
- Medicina Clinica-Specialistica, UOR5 Laboratorio Di Nanotecnologie, ICS Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Via Boezio, 28-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Della Pina
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Milano e CNR-ISTM, Via C. Golgi, 19, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Livia Visai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center for Health Technologies (CHT), INSTM UdR of Pavia, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 3/B-27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.O.); (E.R.); (L.V.)
- Medicina Clinica-Specialistica, UOR5 Laboratorio Di Nanotecnologie, ICS Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Via Boezio, 28-27100 Pavia, Italy
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Chopra M, Sgro A, Norret M, Blancafort P, Iyer KS, Evans CW. SP94-Targeted Nanoparticles Enhance the Efficacy of Sorafenib and Improve Liver Cancer Cell Discrimination. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meenu Chopra
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Agustin Sgro
- The Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, 6 Verdun Street, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Marck Norret
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Pilar Blancafort
- The Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, 6 Verdun Street, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - K. Swaminathan Iyer
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Cameron W. Evans
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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Ma Y, Xu R, Liu X, Zhang Y, Song L, Cai S, Zhou S, Xie Y, Li A, Cao W, Tang X. LY3214996 relieves acquired resistance to sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:1456-1464. [PMID: 33628103 PMCID: PMC7893555 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.51256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sorafenib, an oral multi-kinase inhibitor of rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2/3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, c-Kit, and Flt-3 signaling, is approved for treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the benefit of sorafenib is often diminished because of acquired resistance through the reactivation of ERK signaling in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. In this work, we investigated whether adding LY3214996, a selective ERK1/2 inhibitor, to sorafenib would increase the anti-tumor effectiveness of sorafenib to HCC cells. Methods: The Huh7 cell line was used as a cell model for treatment with sorafenib, LY3214996, and their combination. Phosphorylation of the key kinases in the Ras/Raf/MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways, protein expression of the cell cycle, and apoptosis migration were assessed with western blot. MTT and colony-formation assays were used to evaluate cell proliferation. Wound-healing assay was used to assess cell migration. Cell cycle and apoptosis analyses were conducted with flow cytometry. Results: LY3214996 decreased phosphorylation of the Ras/Raf/MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways, including p-c-Raf, p-P90RSK, p-S6K and p-eIF4EBP1 activated by sorafenib, despite increased p-ERK1/2 levels. LY3214996 increased the anti-proliferation, anti-migration, cell-cycle progression, and pro-apoptotic effects of sorafenib on Huh7R cells. Conclusions: Reactivation of ERK1/2 appears to be a molecular mechanism of acquired resistance of HCC to sorafenib. LY3214996 combined with sorafenib enhanced the anti-tumor effects of sorafenib in HCC. These findings form a theoretical basis for trial of LY3214996 combined with sorafenib as second-line treatment of sorafenib-resistant in advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfang Ma
- Medical school, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China.,Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu, 241003, China
| | - Ruyue Xu
- Medical school, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China.,Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu, 241003, China
| | - Xueke Liu
- Medical school, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Yinci Zhang
- Medical school, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China.,Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu, 241003, China
| | - Li Song
- Medical school, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China.,Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu, 241003, China
| | - Shuyu Cai
- Medical school, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China.,Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu, 241003, China
| | - Shuping Zhou
- Medical school, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Yinghai Xie
- Medical school, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Amin Li
- Medical school, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China.,Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu, 241003, China
| | - Weiya Cao
- Medical school, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China.,Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu, 241003, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Medical school, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China.,Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu, 241003, China
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Shen J, Cai W, Ma Y, Xu R, Huo Z, Song L, Qiu X, Zhang Y, Li A, Cao W, Zhou S, Tang X. hGC33-Modified and Sorafenib-Loaded Nanoparticles have a Synergistic Anti-Hepatoma Effect by Inhibiting Wnt Signaling Pathway. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:220. [PMID: 33242103 PMCID: PMC7691417 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03451-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of tumor-specific inhibitors is a challenge in cancer treatment. Antibody-modified nanoparticles can deliver their loaded drugs to tumor cells that overexpress specific tumor-associated antigens. Here, we constructed sorafenib-loaded polyethylene glycol-b-PLGA polymer nanoparticles modified with antibody hGC33 to glypican-3 (GPC3 +), a membrane protein overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma. We found that hGC33-modified NPs (hGC33-SFB-NP) targeted GPC3+ hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by specifically binding to GPC3 on the surface of HCC cells, inhibited Wnt-induced signal transduction, and inhibited HCC cells in G0/1 by down-regulating cyclin D1 expression, thus attenuating HCC cell migration by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition. hGC33-SFB-NP inhibited the migration, cycle progression, and proliferation of HCC cells by inhibiting the Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway and the Wnt pathway in tandem with GPC3 molecules, respectively. hGC33-SFB-NP inhibited the growth of liver cancer in vivo and improved the survival rate of tumor-bearing mice. We conclude that hGC33 increases the targeting of SFB-NP to HCC cells. hGC33-SFB-NP synergistically inhibits the progression of HCC by blocking the Wnt pathway and the Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shen
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Wuhu Research Institute, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Wenpeng Cai
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Wuhu Research Institute, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Yongfang Ma
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Wuhu Research Institute, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Ruyue Xu
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Wuhu Research Institute, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Zhen Huo
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Wuhu Research Institute, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Li Song
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Wuhu Research Institute, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Xinyin Qiu
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Wuhu Research Institute, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Yinci Zhang
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Wuhu Research Institute, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Amin Li
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Wuhu Research Institute, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Weiya Cao
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Wuhu Research Institute, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Shuping Zhou
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Wuhu Research Institute, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China.
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Hou T, Wang T, Mu W, Yang R, Liang S, Zhang Z, Fu S, Gao T, Liu Y, Zhang N. Nanoparticle-Loaded Polarized-Macrophages for Enhanced Tumor Targeting and Cell-Chemotherapy. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2020; 13:6. [PMID: 34138195 PMCID: PMC8187668 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00531-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell therapy is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. However, its therapeutic efficiency remains limited due to the complex and immunosuppressive nature of tumor microenvironments. In this study, the "cell-chemotherapy" strategy was presented to enhance antitumor efficacy. M1-type macrophages, which are therapeutic immune cells with both of immunotherapeutic ability and targeting ability, carried sorafenib (SF)-loaded lipid nanoparticles (M1/SLNPs) were developed. M1-type macrophages were used both as therapeutic tool to provide immunotherapy and as delivery vessel to target deliver SF to tumor tissues for chemotherapy simultaneously. M1-type macrophages were obtained by polarizing macrophages using lipopolysaccharide, and M1/SLNPs were obtained by incubating M1-type macrophages with SLNP. Tumor accumulation of M1/SLNP was increased compared with SLNP (p < 0.01), which proved M1/SLNP could enhance tumor targeting of SF. An increased ratio of M1-type macrophages to M2-type macrophages, and the CD3+CD4+ T cells and CD3+CD8+ T cell quantities in tumor tissues after treatment with M1/SLNP indicated M1/SLNP could relieve the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments. The tumor volumes in the M1/SLNP group were significantly smaller than those in the SLNP group (p < 0.01), indicating M1/SLNP exhibited enhanced antitumor efficacy. Consequently, M1/SLNP showed great potential as a novel cell-chemotherapeutic strategy combining both cell therapy and targeting chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Mu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zipeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunli Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China.
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Zhou C, Xia Y, Wei Y, Cheng L, Wei J, Guo B, Meng F, Cao S, van Hest JCM, Zhong Z. GE11 peptide-installed chimaeric polymersomes tailor-made for high-efficiency EGFR-targeted protein therapy of orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma. Acta Biomater 2020; 113:512-521. [PMID: 32562803 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading malignancy with a high mortality and little improvement in treatments. Protein drugs though known for their extraordinary potency and specificity have rarely been investigated for HCC therapy owing to lack of appropriate delivery systems. Here, we designed GE11 peptide-installed chimaeric polymersomes (GE11-CPs) for high-efficiency EGFR-targeted protein therapy of orthotopic SMMC-7721 HCC-bearing nude mice. GE11-CPs were assembled from poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(trimethylene carbonate-co-dithiolane trimethylene carbonate)-b-poly(aspartic acid) (PEG-P(TMC-DTC)-PAsp) and GE11-functionalized PEG-P(TMC-DTC), which allowed efficient loading and protection of proteins in the watery interior and fine-tuning of GE11 densities at the surface. CPs with short PAsp segments (degree of polymerization (DP) = 5, 10 and 15) exhibited a protein loading efficiency of 60%-72% and glutathione-responsive protein release. Saporin-loaded GE11-CPs had a size of 36 - 62 nm depending on GE11 densities and DP of PAsp. Notably, GE11-CPs with 10% GE11 revealed greatly enhanced uptake in SMMC-7721 cells, boosting the anticancer potency of saporin for over 3-folds compared with non-targeted control (half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 11.0 versus 36.3 nM). The biodistribution studies using Cy5-labeled cytochrome C as a model protein demonstrated about 3-fold higher accumulation of GE11-CPs formulation than CPs counterpart in both subcutaneous and orthotopic SMMC-7721 tumor models. Notably, saporin-loaded GE11-CPs revealed low toxicity, effective tumor inhibition and significant improvement of survival rate compared with PBS and non-targeted groups (median survival time: 99 versus 37 and 42 days). EGFR-targeted chimaeric polymersomes carrying proteins appear an interesting HCC treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhou
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Yifeng Xia
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Yaohua Wei
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
| | - Jingjing Wei
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Beibei Guo
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Fenghua Meng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
| | - Shoupeng Cao
- Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513 (STO 3.31), 5600MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Jan C M van Hest
- Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513 (STO 3.31), 5600MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Zhiyuan Zhong
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
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Recent advances of sorafenib nanoformulations for cancer therapy: Smart nanosystem and combination therapy. Asian J Pharm Sci 2020; 16:318-336. [PMID: 34276821 PMCID: PMC8261086 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib, a molecular targeted multi-kinase inhibitor, has received considerable interests in recent years due to its significant profiles of efficacy in cancer therapy. However, poor pharmacokinetic properties such as limited water solubility, rapid elimination and metabolism lead to low bioavailability, restricting its further clinical application. Over the past decade, with substantial progress achieved in the development of nanotechnology, various types of smart sorafenib nanoformulations have been developed to improve the targetability as well as the bioavailability of sorafenib. In this review, we summarize various aspects from the preparation and characterization to the evaluation of antitumor efficacy of numerous stimuli-responsive sorafenib nanodelivery systems, particularly with emphasis on their mechanism of drug release and tumor microenvironment response. In addition, this review makes great effort to summarize the nanosystem-based combination therapy of sorafenib with other antitumor agents, which can provide detailed information for further synergistic cancer therapy. In the final section of this review, we also provide a detailed discussion of future challenges and prospects of designing and developing ideal sorafenib nanoformulations for clinical cancer therapy.
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Li B, Jiang Y, Chu J, Zhou Q. Drug-Target Interaction Network Analysis of Gene-Phenotype Connectivity Maintained by Genistein. J Comput Biol 2020; 27:1678-1687. [PMID: 32298608 PMCID: PMC7757588 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2019.0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genistein is a type of isoflavone, which has been widely described as an antitumor agent in many cancers. The present study aimed to provide information on the mechanisms of genistein's activity and thus enable a wider range of targeted therapies in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver cancer. We searched the DrugBank database for direct targets of genistein, which were then analyzed through the STRING (Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins) database to predict their secondary protein targets. Thirteen primary protein targets of genistein and 209 secondary protein targets-associated genes were identified. The data were integrated into the network of protein targets-associated genes and visualized with the Cytoscape software. We further carried out GO (Gene Ontology) analysis and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome) pathway analysis using DAVID (database for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery) tool. The top 14 KEGG pathways were further assessed, and 19 overlapping genes derived from pathways of hepatitis B and cancer were discovered. The overlapping targets were further mapped in the online tool UALCAN to evaluate the survival rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. We found that the overexpression of Grb2 (growth factor receptor-binding protein 2) (p < 0.0001) was linked to poor overall survival for liver HCC patients, followed by AKT1 (p = 0.0015) and PIK3CA (p = 0.0088). The present study analyzes the drug-target-disease network and may prove to be a useful tool in gene-phenotype connectivity for genistein in HBV-related liver cancer. Our data also pave the way for further research on Grb2 during the development of chronic HBV infection in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoshan Li
- Department of General Medicine and Geriatrics, Chongqing University Central Hospital/Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of General Medicine and Geriatrics, Chongqing University Central Hospital/Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingxin Chu
- Department of General Medicine and Geriatrics, Chongqing University Central Hospital/Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Ozcan M, Altay O, Lam S, Turkez H, Aksoy Y, Nielsen J, Uhlen M, Boren J, Mardinoglu A. Improvement in the Current Therapies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using a Systems Medicine Approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e2000030. [PMID: 32529800 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death primarily due to the lack of effective targeted therapies. Despite the distinct morphological and phenotypic patterns of HCC, treatment strategies are restricted to relatively homogeneous therapies, including multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Therefore, more effective therapy options are needed to target dysregulated metabolic and molecular pathways in HCC. Integrative genomic profiling of HCC patients provides insight into the most frequently mutated genes and molecular targets, including telomerase reverse transcriptase, the TP53 gene, and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway oncogene (CTNNB1). Moreover, emerging techniques, such as genome-scale metabolic models may elucidate the underlying cancer-specific metabolism, which allows for the discovery of potential drug targets and identification of biomarkers. De novo lipogenesis has been revealed as consistently upregulated since it is required for cell proliferation in all HCC patients. The metabolic network-driven stratification of HCC patients in terms of redox responses, utilization of metabolites, and subtype-specific pathways may have clinical implications to drive the development of personalized medicine. In this review, the current and emerging therapeutic targets in light of molecular approaches and metabolic network-based strategies are summarized, prompting effective treatment of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ozcan
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE 17121, Sweden.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Altay
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE 17121, Sweden
| | - Simon Lam
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Aksoy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Prof. J. Nielsen, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE-41296, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlen
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE 17121, Sweden
| | - Jan Boren
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, The Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Sweden
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE 17121, Sweden.,Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
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Tang X, Li A, Xie C, Zhang Y, Liu X, Xie Y, Wu B, Zhou S, Huang X, Ma Y, Cao W, Xu R, Shen J, Huo Z, Cai S, Liang Y, Ma D. The PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor BEZ235 nanoparticles improve radiosensitization of hepatoma cells through apoptosis and regulation DNA repair pathway. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:63. [PMID: 32219609 PMCID: PMC7099126 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-3289-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Polymer materials encapsulating drugs have broad prospects for drug delivery. We evaluated the effectiveness of polyethylene glycol-poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA-PEG) encapsulation and release characteristics of PI3K/mTOR inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 (BEZ235). We proposed a strategy for targeting radiosensitization of liver cancer cells. The biocompatibility, cell interaction, and internalization of Glypican-3 (GPC3) antibody-modified, BEZ235-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles (NP-BEZ235-Ab) in hepatoma cells in vitro were studied. Also, the cell killing effect of NP-BEZ235-Ab combined with γ-ray cell was evaluated. We used confocal microscopy to monitor nanoparticle-cell interactions and cellular uptake, conducted focus-formation experiments to analyze the synergistic biological effects of NP-BEZ235-Ab and priming, and studied synergy in liver cancer cells using molecular biological methods such as western blotting. We found that PLGA-PEG has good loading efficiency for BEZ235 and high selectivity to GPC3-positive HepG2 liver cancer cells, thus documenting that NP-BEZ235-Ab acts as a small-molecule drug delivery nanocarrier. At the nominal concentration, the NP-BEZ235-Ab nanoformulation synergistically kills liver cancer cells with significantly higher efficiency than does the free drug. Thus, NP-BEZ235-Ab is a potential radiosensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Tang
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Amin Li
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Xie
- Blood Transfusion Department, Guangzhou 8th People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinci Zhang
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueke Liu
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghai Xie
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Binquan Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuping Zhou
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Huang
- Department of Interventional, Affiliated Oriental Hospital, Anhui University of Technology, Huainan, 232003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfang Ma
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiya Cao
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyue Xu
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Shen
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Huo
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyu Cai
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Liang
- Huai'an Hospital Affiliated of Xuzhou Medical College and Huai'an Second Hospital, Huai'an, 223002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
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Baboci L, Capolla S, Di Cintio F, Colombo F, Mauro P, Dal Bo M, Argenziano M, Cavalli R, Toffoli G, Macor P. The Dual Role of the Liver in Nanomedicine as an Actor in the Elimination of Nanostructures or a Therapeutic Target. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:4638192. [PMID: 32184825 PMCID: PMC7060440 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4638192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of nanostructures for therapeutic purpose is rapidly growing, following the results obtained in vivo in animal models and in the clinical trials. Unfortunately, the potential therapeutic efficacy is not completely exploited, yet. This is mainly due to the fast clearance of the nanostructures in the body. Nanoparticles and the liver have a unique interaction because the liver represents one of the major barriers for drug delivery. This interaction becomes even more relevant and complex when the drug delivery strategies employing nanostructures are proposed for the therapy of liver diseases, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this case, the selective delivery of therapeutic nanoparticles to the tumor microenvironment collides with the tendency of nanostructures to be quickly eliminated by the organ. The design of a new therapeutic approach based on nanoparticles to treat HCC has to particularly take into consideration passive and active mechanisms to avoid or delay liver elimination and to specifically address cancer cells or the cancer microenvironment. This review will analyze the different aspects concerning the dual role of the liver, both as an organ carrying out a clearance activity for the nanostructures and as target for therapeutic strategies for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Baboci
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Sara Capolla
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Di Cintio
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Federico Colombo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Prisca Mauro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Michele Dal Bo
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Monica Argenziano
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Paolo Macor
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Wu B, Li A, Zhang Y, Liu X, Zhou S, Gan H, Cai S, Liang Y, Tang X. Resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma to sorafenib can be overcome with co-delivery of PI3K/mTOR inhibitor BEZ235 and sorafenib in nanoparticles. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 17:573-587. [PMID: 32056461 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1730809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Binquan Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Amin Li
- Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Yinci Zhang
- Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Xueke Liu
- Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Shuping Zhou
- Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Huaiyong Gan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Shiyu Cai
- Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Yong Liang
- Central Laboratory, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated of Xuzhou Medical College and Huai’an Second Hospital, Huai’an, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China
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40
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Marques AC, Costa PJ, Velho S, Amaral MH. Functionalizing nanoparticles with cancer-targeting antibodies: A comparison of strategies. J Control Release 2020; 320:180-200. [PMID: 31978444 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Standard cancer therapies sometimes fail to deliver chemotherapeutic drugs to tumor cells in a safe and effective manner. Nanotechnology takes the lead in providing new therapeutic options for cancer due to major potential for selective targeting and controlled drug release. Antibodies and antibody fragments are attracting much attention as a source of targeting ligands to bind specific receptors that are overexpressed on cancer cells. Therefore, researchers are devoting time and effort to develop targeting strategies based on nanoparticles functionalized with antibodies, which hold great promise to enhance therapeutic efficacy and circumvent severe side effects. Several methods have been described to immobilize antibodies on the surface of nanoparticles. However, selecting the most appropriate for each application is challenging but also imperative to preserve antigen binding ability and yield stable antibody-conjugated nanoparticles. From this perspective, we aim to provide considerable knowledge on the most widely used methods of functionalization that can be helpful for decision-making and design of conjugation protocols as well. This review summarizes adsorption, covalent conjugation (carbodiimide, maleimide and "click" chemistries) and biotin-avidin interaction, while discussing the advantages, limitations and relevant therapeutic approaches currently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Marques
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto (FFUP), R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - P J Costa
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto (FFUP), R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - S Velho
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, R. Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - M H Amaral
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto (FFUP), R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Hu J, Shi J, Gao Y, Yang W, Liu P, Liu Q, He F, Wang C, Li T, Xie R, Zhu J, Yang P. 808 nm Near-Infrared Light-Excited UCNPs@mSiO 2-Ce6-GPC3 Nanocomposites For Photodynamic Therapy In Liver Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:10009-10021. [PMID: 31908456 PMCID: PMC6929933 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s221496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is important to explore effective treatment for liver cancer. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a novel technique to treat liver cancer, but its clinical application is obstructed by limited depth of visible light penetration into tissue. The near-infrared (NIR) photosensitizer is a potential solution to the limitations of PDT for deep tumor tissue treatment. Purpose We aimed to investigate 808 nm NIR light-excited UCNPs@mSiO2-Ce6-GPC3 nanocomposites for PDT in liver cancer. Methods In our study, 808 nm NIR light-excited upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) were simultaneously loaded with the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) and the antibody glypican-3 (GPC3), which is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The multitasking UCNPs@mSiO2-Ce6-GPC3 nanoparticles under 808 nm laser irradiation with enhanced depth of penetration would enable the effective targeting of PDT. Results We found that the UCNPs@mSiO2-Ce6-GPC3 nanoparticles had good biocompatibility, low toxicity, excellent cell imaging in HepG2 cancer cells and high anti-tumor effect in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion We believe that the utilization of 808 nm NIR excited UCNPs@mSiO2-Ce6-GPC3 nanoparticles for PDT is a safe and potential therapeutic option for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Hu
- Department of Digestive Internal Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialan Shi
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Surgery, VA Boston Healthcare System, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 12132, USA
| | - Yingqian Gao
- Department of Digestive Internal Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Digestive Internal Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Digestive Internal Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghao Liu
- Department of Digestive Internal Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei He
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxu Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Xie
- Department of Digestive Internal Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiuxin Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratories of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Piaoping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
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Liu X, Xie C, Li A, Zhang Y, Liu X, Zhou S, Shen J, Huo Z, Cao W, Ma Y, Xu R, Xing Y, Xie Y, Cai S, Tang X. BEZ235 enhances chemosensitivity of paclitaxel in hepatocellular carcinoma through inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:7255-7271. [PMID: 31934276 PMCID: PMC6943462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Desensitization of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to paclitaxel chemotherapy is a major deterrent to successful treatment of the cancer. Abnormal activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR, pathway is a common outcome of chemotherapy for HCC. Therefore, we investigated whether BEZ235, a dual PI3K and mTOR inhibitor, could increase the sensitivity of HCC to paclitaxel. In vitro results showed that paclitaxel, combined with BEZ235, inhibited HCC cell proliferation and migration, arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase, and promoted cell apoptosis by decreasing PI3K/Akt/mTOR activity. In vivo experiments confirmed that BEZ235 enhances the anti-tumor effect of paclitaxel by reducing PI3K/Akt/mTOR activity. Immunohistochemical staining showed that paclitaxel combined with BEZ235 reduced the numbers of Ki-67- and GPC3-positive HepG2 cells in tumor tissues. We conclude that BEZ235 enhanced the sensitivity of HCC to paclitaxel, and inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling might be a therapeutic strategy against paclitaxel-resistant HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueke Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control and Occupational Safety and Health of The Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Chunmei Xie
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou 8th People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510100, China
| | - Amin Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control and Occupational Safety and Health of The Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Yinci Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control and Occupational Safety and Health of The Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Xinkuang Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Shuping Zhou
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control and Occupational Safety and Health of The Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Zhen Huo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control and Occupational Safety and Health of The Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Weiya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control and Occupational Safety and Health of The Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Yongfang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control and Occupational Safety and Health of The Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Ruyue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control and Occupational Safety and Health of The Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Yingru Xing
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control and Occupational Safety and Health of The Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Yinghai Xie
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Shuyu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control and Occupational Safety and Health of The Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control and Occupational Safety and Health of The Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
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Li Y, Wei J, Wei Y, Cheng L, Guo B, Meng F, Li F, Zhong Z. Apolipoprotein E Peptide-Guided Disulfide-Cross-Linked Micelles for Targeted Delivery of Sorafenib to Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biomacromolecules 2019; 21:716-724. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Feng Li
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P. R. China
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Elsayed MMA, Mostafa ME, Alaaeldin E, Sarhan HAA, Shaykoon MS, Allam S, Ahmed ARH, Elsadek BEM. Design And Characterisation Of Novel Sorafenib-Loaded Carbon Nanotubes With Distinct Tumour-Suppressive Activity In Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:8445-8467. [PMID: 31754301 PMCID: PMC6825507 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s223920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Over the past 30 years, no consistent survival benefits have been recorded for anticancer agents of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), except for the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib (Nexavar®), which clinically achieves only ~3 months overall survival benefit. This modest benefit is attributed to limited aqueous solubility, slow dissolution rate and, consequently, limited absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, novel formulation modalities are in demand to improve the bioavailability of the drug to attack HCC in a more efficient manner. In the current study, we aimed to design a novel sorafenib-loaded carbon nanotubes (CNTs) formula that is able to improve the therapeutic efficacy of carried cargo against HCC and subsequently investigate the antitumour activity of this formula. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sorafenib was loaded on functionalized CNTs through physical adsorption, and an alginate-based method was subsequently applied to microcapsulate the drug-loaded CNTs (CNTs-SFN). The therapeutic efficacy of the new formula was estimated and compared to that of conventional sorafenib, both in vitro (against HepG2 cells) and in vivo (in a DENA-induced HCC rat model). RESULTS The in vitro MTT anti-proliferative assay revealed that the drug-loaded CNTs formula was at least two-fold more cytotoxic towards HepG2 cells than was sorafenib itself. Moreover, the in vivo animal experiments proved that our innovative formula was superior to conventional sorafenib at all assessed end points. Circulating AFP-L3% was significantly decreased in the CNTs-SFN-MCs-treated group (14.0%) in comparison to that of the DENA (40.3%) and sorafenib (38.8%) groups. This superiority was further confirmed by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assessment of some HCC-relevant biomarkers. CONCLUSION Our results firmly suggest the distinctive cancer-suppressive nature of CNTs-SFN-MCs, both against HepG2 cells in vitro and in a DENA-induced HCC rat model in vivo, with a preferential superiority over conventional sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud MA Elsayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud E Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Eman Alaaeldin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Hatem AA Sarhan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Montaser ShA Shaykoon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Shady Allam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Ahmed RH Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Bakheet EM Elsadek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
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Li A, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Liu X, Wang R, Liu J, Liu X, Xie Y, Cao W, Xu R, Ma Y, Cai W, Wu B, Cai S, Tang X. BEZ235 increases sorafenib inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by suppressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:5573-5585. [PMID: 31632530 PMCID: PMC6789287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sorafenib is an oral multi-kinase inhibitor that inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) via the Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway. However, sorafenib loses effectiveness because most tumors acquire drug resistance over time. As the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is also activated abnormally in HCC, we evaluated the effect of sorafenib, in combination with a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, BEZ235, on HCC cell proliferation and survival in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Biological phenotypes were analysed in HCC cell lines, parental and sorafenib-resistant HepG2 cells (HepG2 and HepG2R), treated with sorafenib or BEZ235, alone or in combination. HCC cellular proliferation and apoptosis were investigated, and perturbations of the Ras/Raf/MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling/survival pathways were evaluated by western blot analysis. RESULTS BEZ235 enhanced sorafenib inhibition of cellular proliferation, migration, and promotion of apoptosis in HepG2 and HepG2R cells. The combined effects were associated with inhibition of phosphorylation of AKT, mTOR and S6K in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, whereas the combination of sorafenib and BEZ235 did not significantly alter the Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway compared with the effect of sorafenib alone. CONCLUSION Sorafenib/BEZ235 combination has potent anti-HCC cell activity. This anti-tumor activity is most likely multi-factorial, mainly involving PI3K down-regulation and AKT, mTOR and S6K dephosphorylation. Combined inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Ras/Raf/MAPK pathways enhances sorafenib inhibition of HCC. The results of these in vitro studies suggest that trials of combined sorafenib and BEZ235 in the treatment of HCC should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Li
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Rongbo Zhang
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Yinci Zhang
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Xueke Liu
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Ruikai Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Jiachang Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Xinkuang Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Yinghai Xie
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Weiya Cao
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Ruyue Xu
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Yongfang Ma
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Wenpeng Cai
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Binquan Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu 233004, China
| | - Shuyu Cai
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
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Feng S, Zhou J, Li Z, Appelman HD, Zhao L, Zhu J, Wang TD. Sorafenib encapsulated in nanocarrier functionalized with glypican-3 specific peptide for targeted therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 184:110498. [PMID: 31536939 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer in the world with increasing incidence. Chemotherapy is required for HCC patients after receiving surgical resection. Serious off-target induced side effects and systemic toxicity limit the clinical utility of drugs. Targeting therapeutic nanomedicine is an innovative strategy for enhancing drug delivery efficiency and reducing side effects. Here, we successfully formulated nanocarriers to encapsulate sorafenib, an FDA approved drug for treatment of HCC. Sorafenib is encapsulated with an entrapment efficiency >80% over 20 days. The effective aqueous solubility is improved over 1900-fold. The release ratio in vitro is characterized by a half-life of T1/2 = 22.7 h. The peak target-to-background ratio for nanocarrier uptake by tumor occurs at 24 h post-injection, and is significantly greater for the target peptide versus controls. Ex vivo biodistribution confirms the in vivo results. Tumor regression is significantly greater for the target peptide versus controls after 21 days of therapy. No acute toxicity is found by blood chemistry or necropsy. In summary, a peptide specific for GPC3 has been identified, and used to modify the surface of a nanocarrier that encapsulates sorafenib with high entrapment efficiency. Regression of HCC xenograft tumors showed promise for targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Feng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Henry D Appelman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Jiye Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Thomas D Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States.
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Tunki L, Kulhari H, Vadithe LN, Kuncha M, Bhargava S, Pooja D, Sistla R. Modulating the site-specific oral delivery of sorafenib using sugar-grafted nanoparticles for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 137:104978. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.104978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Zhang Y, Xie C, Li A, Liu X, Xing Y, Shen J, Huo Z, Zhou S, Liu X, Xie Y, Cao W, Ma Y, Xu R, Cai S, Tang X, Ma D. PKI-587 enhances chemosensitivity of oxaliplatin in hepatocellular carcinoma through suppressing DNA damage repair pathway (NHEJ and HR) and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:5134-5149. [PMID: 31497229 PMCID: PMC6731445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin resistance limits its effectiveness in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Abnormal activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway has been associated with decreased survival of HCC patients, anti-apoptosis after chemotherapeutic drug-induced DNA damage, and chemoresistance. In this research, we evaluated the effect of the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, PKI-587, on the sensitivity of oxaliplatin in HCC. Two HCC cell lines (HepG2 and SK-Hep1) were used to analyze PKI-587 for DNA damage response, cell proliferation, clonogenic survival, cell cycle and apoptosis after oxaliplatin treatment. A HepG2 tumor-bearing model was used to assess the in vivo effects of the combination of the two compounds. In HCC cells, oxaliplatin stably activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, including up-regulation of p-Akt (Ser473), p-mTOR (Ser2448), p-mTOR (Ser2481), p-elF4EBP1, and p-S6K1, and activated the DNA damage repair pathways (non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR)), up-regulation of p-DNAPKcs (Ser2056), p-ATM (Ser1981), and p-ATR (Ser428), which were attenuated by PKI-587. Compared with oxaliplatin alone, the combination of PKI-587 and oxaliplatin increased the number of γ-H2AX/cells, decreased proliferation of cells, and an increased the percentage of G0/G1 phase cells and apoptotic cells. In vivo, the combination of oxaliplatin with PKI-587 inhibited tumor growth. Anti-tumor effects were associated with induction of mitochondrial apoptosis and inhibition of phosphorylation of mTOR, Akt and γ-H2AX. We conclude that PKI-587 enhances chemosensitivity of oxaliplatin in HCC through suppressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway and inhibiting the DNA damage repair pathway. The combination of PKI-587 and oxaliplatin appears to be a promising regimen for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinci Zhang
- Medcial School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Chunmei Xie
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou 8th People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510100, China
| | - Amin Li
- Medcial School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Xueke Liu
- Medcial School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Yingru Xing
- Medcial School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Medcial School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Zhen Huo
- Medcial School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Shuping Zhou
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Xinkuang Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Yinghai Xie
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Weiya Cao
- Medcial School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Yongfang Ma
- Medcial School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Ruyue Xu
- Medcial School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Shiyu Cai
- Medcial School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Medcial School, Anhui University of Science & TechnologyHuainan 232001, China
| | - Dong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, China
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Wang Q, Zhang P, Li Z, Feng X, Lv C, Zhang H, Xiao H, Ding J, Chen X. Evaluation of Polymer Nanoformulations in Hepatoma Therapy by Established Rodent Models. Theranostics 2019; 9:1426-1452. [PMID: 30867842 PMCID: PMC6401493 DOI: 10.7150/thno.31683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatoma is one of the most severe malignancies usually with poor prognosis, and many patients are insensitive to the existing therapeutic agents, including the drugs for chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy. Currently, researchers are committed to developing the advanced formulations with controlled drug delivery to improve the efficacy of hepatoma therapy. Numerous inoculated, induced, and genetically engineered hepatoma rodent models are now available for formulation screening. However, animal models of hepatoma cannot accurately represent human hepatoma in terms of histological characteristics, metastatic pathways, and post-treatment responses. Therefore, advanced animal hepatoma models with comparable pathogenesis and pathological features are in urgent need in the further studies. Moreover, the development of nanomedicines has renewed hope for chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy of advanced hepatoma. As one kind of advanced formulations, the polymer-based nanoformulated drugs have many advantages over the traditional ones, such as improved tumor selectivity and treatment efficacy, and reduced systemic side effects. In this article, the construction of rodent hepatoma model and much information about the current development of polymer nanomedicines were reviewed in order to provide a basis for the development of advanced formulations with clinical therapeutic potential for hepatoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, P. R. China
| | - Xiangru Feng
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Chengyue Lv
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Huaiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, P. R. China
| | - Haihua Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
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