miR-362-3p suppresses sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma progression via directly targeting pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1

Hsa_circ_0005548 knockdown repairs OGD/R-induced damage in human brain microvascular endothelial cells via miR-362-3p/ETS1 axis

BACKGROUND

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a highly prevalent type of stroke with very high rates of disability and death. As the regulatory role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in various diseases has been revealed, we constructed a stroke cell model to analyze the action mechanism of hsa_circ_0005548 in IS.

METHODS

The abundance of hsa_circ_0005548, microRNA-362-3p (miR-362-3p) and E26 transformation specific-1 (ETS-1) were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) or western blot. We constructed an IS cell model in vitro by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) treatment and analyzed cell proliferation, apoptosis and inflammatory response through the use of Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), flow cytometry and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were employed for the analysis of the relationship between miR-362-3p and hsa_circ_0005548 or ETS1.

RESULTS

The higher abundance of hsa_circ_0005548 and ETS-1 and lower level of miR-362-3p were observed in human brain microvascular endothelial immortalized (HBMEC-IM) cells under OGD/R. Hsa_circ_0005548 downregulation mitigated OGD/R-induced HBMEC-IM cell injury. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0005548 targeted miR-362-3p. MiR-362-3p knockdown reversed the effect of hsa_circ_0005548 silencing on OGD/R-induced HBMEC-IM cell injury. ETS1 was validated as a direct target of miR-362-3p, and miR-362-3p attenuated OGD/R-induced HBMEC-IM cell injury by ETS1. Moreover, hsa_circ_0005548 modulated ETS1 via miR-362-3p.

CONCLUSION

Hsa_circ_0005548 knockdown repairs OGD/R-induced HBMEC-IM cell damage via miR-362-3p/ETS1 axis.

Identifying Stress-Exacerbated Thermal-Injury Induced MicroRNAs

Using a model of combat and operational stress reaction (COSR), our lab recently showed that exposure to an unpredictable combat stress (UPCS) procedure prior to a thermal injury increases pain sensitivity in male rats. Additionally, our lab has recently shown that circulating extracellular vesicle-microRNAs (EV-miRNAs), which normally function to suppress inflammation, were downregulated in a male rat model of neuropathic pain. In this current study, male and female rats exposed to UPCS, followed by thermal injury, were evaluated for changes in circulating EV-miRNAs. Adult female and male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to a UPCS procedure for either 2 or 4 weeks. Groups consisted of the following: nonstress (NS), stress (S), NS + thermal injury (TI), and S + TI. Mechanical sensitivity was measured, and plasma was collected at baseline, throughout the UPCS exposure, and post-thermal injury. EV-miRNA isolation was performed, followed by small RNA sequencing and subsequent data analysis. UPCS exposure alone resulted in mechanical allodynia in both male and female rats at specific time points. Thermal-injury induction occurring at peak UPCS resulted in increased mechanical allodynia in the injured hind paw compared to thermal injury alone. Differential expression of the EV-miRNAs was observed between the NS and S groups as well as between NS + TI and S + TI groups. Consistent differences in EV-miRNAs are detectable in both COSR as well as during the development of mechanical sensitivity and potentially serve as key regulators, biomarkers, and targets in the treatment of COSR and thermal-injury induced mechanical sensitivity. PERSPECTIVE: This article presents the effects of unpredictable combat stress and thermal injury on EV-contained microRNAs in an animal model. These same mechanisms may exist in clinical patients and could be future prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers.

Milk fat miRNome changes in response to LPS challenge in Holstein cows

Mastitis is an inflammatory disease in dairy cows, causing economic losses and reducing animal welfare. In order to contribute for the discovery of early and noninvasive indicators, our objective was to determine the effects of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge on the microRNA profile (miRNome) of milk fat, using microarray analyses in cows. Cows were fed a lactation diet at ad libitum intake (n = 6). At 27 ± 3 days in milk, cows were injected with 50 µg of LPS Escherichia coli in one healthy rear mammary quarter. Milk samples were collected just before LPS challenge (LPS-) and 6.5 h after LPS challenge (LPS +) from the same cows. Microarray analysis was performed using customized 8 × 60 K ruminant miRNA microarrays to compare LPS- to LPS + miRNome. In silico functional analyses were performed using OmicsNet and Mienturnet software. MiRNome comparison between LPS- and LPS + identified 37 differentially abundant miRNAs (q-value ≤ 0.05). The predicted target genes of the 37 differentially abundant miRNAs are mostly involved in cell life including apoptosis, cell cycle, proliferation and differentiation and in gene expression processes. MiRNome analyses suggest that miRNAs profile is related to the inflammation response of the mammary gland. In conclusion, we demonstrated that milk fat might be an easy and rapid source of miRNAs that are potential indicators of early mastitis in cows.

MiR-654-3p Constrains Proliferation, Invasion, and Migration of Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma via CREB1/PSEN1 Regulatory Axis

Background: MiR-654-3p can repress malignant progression of cancer cells, whereas no relative reports were about its modulatory mechanism in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC). This research committed to approaching modulatory effect of miR-654-3p on SNSCC cells. Methods: Bioinformatics methods were utilized for analyzing interaction of miR-654-3p/cAMP-responsive element binding protein 1 (CREB1)/presenilin-1 (PSEN1). Expression levels of miR-654-3p, CREB1, and PSEN1 mRNA were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Western blot was completed for level assessment of CREB1, PSEN1, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins. The targeted relationship between miR-654-3p and CREB1, or CREB1 and PSEN1 was authenticated via dual-luciferase assay and ChIP assay. A trail of experiments in vitro was used for detection of the effects of miR-654-3p/CREB1/PSEN1 axis on malignant progression of SNSCC cells. Results: CREB1 as the downstream target mRNA of miR-654-3p could activate transcription of its downstream target gene PSEN1. Besides, miR-654-3p could target CREB1 to repress PSEN1 expression, thus restraining proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and hastening apoptosis of SNSCC cells. Conclusion: MiR-654-3p as an antitumor gene targeted CREB1 to hamper malignant progression of SNSCC through miR-654-3p/CREB1/PSEN1 axis.