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Hung CH, Lu WA, Pagaduan JC, Kuo CD, Chen YS. Agreement of ultra-short-term heart rate variability measure after different repeated bouts of sprint ability tests. Sci Prog 2024; 107:368504241262150. [PMID: 39096045 PMCID: PMC11298065 DOI: 10.1177/00368504241262150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to explore: (1) the validity of post-exercise ultra-short-term heart rate variability (HRVust) after two different bouts of repeated sprint ability test (RSA), and (2) the relationship between HRVust measure and RSA performance. Twenty adolescent male futsal players voluntarily participated in this study (age: 17.65 ± 1.81 years, body height: 170.88 ± 4.98 cm, body weight: 61.78 ± 4.67 kg). The participants performed a standard RSA test (RSAstandard) and an RSA test with a 10% decrement of the best sprint time test (RSA10%decrement) on two separate occasions within a week. On both occasions, a 5-min resting electrocardiography was administered pre- and post-RSA exercise protocols. The first 30-s (HRVust30s), 60-s (HRVust60s), and 60-120-s (HRVust1-2min) were extracted and used to compare with the standard of 5-min HRV recording (HRVcriterion). The natural logarithm (ln) of the standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) and root mean square of successive normal-to-normal interval differences (RMSSD) HRV indices were utilised to establish intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1), coefficient of variation (%CV), and Pearson product-moment correlation (r). Results revealed the ICC values of HRVust lnSDNN (RSAstandard = 0.77-0.88; RSA10%decrement = 0.41-0.71) and lnRMSSD (RSAstandard = 0.81-0.86; RSA10%decrement = 0.57-0.82). Furthermore, significantly positive correlations between best sprint time and post-exercise HRVust indices were found in lnSDNN (r = 0.47-0.62; p < 0.05) and lnRMSSD (r = 0.45; p < 0.05). Additionally, a large CV of lnSDNN (RSAstandard = 32%-45%; RSA10%decrement = 29%-39%), lnRMSSD (RSAstandard = 50%-66%; RSA10%decrement = 48%-52%), and ratio (RSAstandard = 45%-126%; RSA10%decrement = 27%-45%) was found after the RSA protocols. In conclusion, the number of bouts of RSA exercise potentially influences the agreement of post-exercise time-domain HRVust indices to standard HRV measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hwai Hung
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City
| | - Wan-An Lu
- College of LOHAS Industry, Fo-Guang University, Yilan
- Tanyu Research Laboratory, Taipei
| | - Jeffrey Cayaban Pagaduan
- Tanyu Research Laboratory, Taipei
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Institute of Active Lifestyle, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Cheng-Deng Kuo
- Tanyu Research Laboratory, Taipei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu County
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hsiao Chung-Cheng Healthcare Group, New Taipei City
| | - Yung-Sheng Chen
- Tanyu Research Laboratory, Taipei
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei
- Exercise and Health Promotion Association, New Taipei City
- High Performance Unit, Chinese Taipei Football Association, New Taipei City
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Ras J, Soteriades ES, Smith DL, Kengne AP, Leach L. Evaluation of the relationship between occupational-specific task performance and measures of physical fitness, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal health in firefighters. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:20. [PMID: 38166790 PMCID: PMC10763081 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17487-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Firefighters are required to perform physically strenuous tasks such as hose drags, victim rescues, forcible entries and stair climbs to complete their public safety mission. Occupational-specific tasks are often used to evaluate the ability of firefighters to adequately/safely perform their duties. Depending on the regions, occupational-specific tasks include six to eight individual tasks, which emphasize distinct aspects of their physical fitness, while also requiring different levels of cardiovascular (CVH) and musculoskeletal health (MSH). Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between specific occupational task performance and measures of physical fitness, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal health. METHODS Using a cross-sectional design, 282 full-time male and female firefighters were recruited. A researcher-generated questionnaire and physical measures were used to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, CVH, MSH and weekly physical activity habits. Physical measures were used to collect data on physical fitness and occupational-specific task performance. RESULTS Absolute cardiorespiratory fitness (abV̇O2max), grip strength, leg strength, push-ups, sit-ups and lean body mass (all p < 0.001) had an inverse association with completion times on all occupational-specific tasks. Age was positively related to the performance of all tasks (all p < 0.05). Higher heart rate variability (HRV) was associated with better performance on all tasks (all p < 0.05). Bodyfat percentage (BF%) and diastolic blood pressure were positively associated with the step-up task (p < 0.05). Lower back musculoskeletal injury (LoBMSI), musculoskeletal discomfort (MSD), and lower limb MSD were associated with a decreased odds of passing the step-up. Upper body MSIs (UBMSI), LoBMSIs and Lower back MSD were associated with decreased odds of passing the rescue drag. CONCLUSION Firefighters that were taller, leaner, stronger and fitter with a more favourable CVH profile, higher HRV and less musculoskeletal discomfort performed best on all occupational-specific tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaron Ras
- Department of Sport, Recreation and Exercise Science, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Elpidoforos S Soteriades
- Healthcare Management Program, School of Economics and Management, Open University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology (EOME), Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Denise L Smith
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York, USA
| | - Andre P Kengne
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lloyd Leach
- Department of Sport, Recreation and Exercise Science, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
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Marcel-Millet P, Cassirame J, Eon P, Williams-Bell FM, Gimenez P, Grosprêtre S. Physiological demands and physical performance determinants of a new firefighting simulation test. ERGONOMICS 2023; 66:2012-2024. [PMID: 36745493 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2023.2177354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to examine physiological responses of firefighters performing a firefighting simulation test (FST) and to determine the relationship between physical fitness parameters and FST performance. Aerobic fitness, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and anaerobic capabilities were evaluated in 37 firefighters (21-profesionals and 16-volunteers firefighters). Furthermore, participants carried out the FST during which we measured performance, respiratory gas exchange, heart rate (HR), perceived exertion and blood lactate concentrations. Males were significantly faster than females for all tasks of the FST (p < 0.01); however, final performance score (16.5 ± 2.9 and 14.5 ± 2.6 points for males and females, respectively), HR (94.0 ± 2.0% and 93.7 ± 2.3% of HRmax) and perceived exertion (8.1 ± 0.9 and 7.1 ± 1.3) were not significantly different. Prediction of FST performance by LASSO regression revealed a model that included mainly aerobic capacity and maximal strength. In conclusion, FST challenged both aerobic and anaerobic energy metabolisms for both males and females and requires various physiological abilities to perform. Practitioner Summary: For the safety of firefighters and victims, firefighters must meet minimum physical requirements. 37 firefighters performed physical tests and a new firefighting test implemented for the recruitment of firefighters in France. The results revealed that this test is strenuous and that performance is associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength. Abbreviations: V̇O2: oxygen consumption; V̇CO2: carbon dioxyde production; V̇E: expired ventilation; RER: respiratory exchange ratio; FST: firefighting simulation test; MAS: maximal aerobic speed; HR: heart rate; RPE: rating of perceived exertion; MVC: maximum voluntary contraction; IMTP: isometric mid-thigh pull; TTE: time to exhaustion; Ppeak: peak power; Pmean: mean power; LASSO: least absolute shrinkage and selection operator; La-: blood lactate concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philémon Marcel-Millet
- Département Sport et Performance, Université de Franche-Comté, Laboratoire C3S (Culture Sport Santé Société; EA 4660), Besançon, France
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Unité de Physiologie de l'Exercice et des Activités en Conditions Extrêmes, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Johan Cassirame
- Département Sport et Performance, Université de Franche-Comté, Laboratoire C3S (Culture Sport Santé Société; EA 4660), Besançon, France
- EA 7507, Laboratoire Performance, Santé, Métrologie, Universite de Reims Champagne Ardenne Bibliotheque Universitaire, Reims, Société, France
- Mtraining, R&D Division, Ecole Valentin, France
| | - Pauline Eon
- Département Sport et Performance, Université de Franche-Comté, Laboratoire C3S (Culture Sport Santé Société; EA 4660), Besançon, France
| | | | - Philippe Gimenez
- Département Sport et Performance, Université de Franche-Comté, Laboratoire C3S (Culture Sport Santé Société; EA 4660), Besançon, France
| | - Sidney Grosprêtre
- Département Sport et Performance, Université de Franche-Comté, Laboratoire C3S (Culture Sport Santé Société; EA 4660), Besançon, France
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Ras J, Soteriades ES, Smith DL, Kengne AP, Leach L. Association between Cardiovascular and Musculoskeletal Health in Firefighters. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:e496-e505. [PMID: 37130821 PMCID: PMC10332654 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to determine the association between cardiovascular health (CVH) and musculoskeletal health in firefighters. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved 309 full-time firefighters aged 20 to 65 years. Cardiovascular health encompassed cardiovascular disease risk factors, risk scores, CVH metrics, and heart rate variability. Musculoskeletal health was assessed using two validated questionnaires. RESULTS Increasing age ( P = 0.004), body mass index ( P < 0.001), body fat percentage ( P < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure ( P = 0.003), total cholesterol ( P = 0.006), and Framingham risk score ( P = 0.011) increased the risk of reporting musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs). Obesity ( P = 0.018), hypertension ( P = 0.034), and dyslipidemia ( P = 0.005) increased the risk of reporting MSIs. Musculoskeletal discomfort was associated with total cholesterol ( P = 0.0.34) and low-density lipoprotein ( P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS Adverse cardiovascular disease risk profile was associated with MSIs and musculoskeletal discomfort in firefighters. Firefighters should maintain an ideal CVH profile, especially as they age.
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Wang L, Gao S, Tan W, Zhang J. Pilots' mental workload variation when taking a risk in a flight scenario: a study based on flight simulator experiments. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2023; 29:366-375. [PMID: 35236244 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2022.2049101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pilots' operation behavior in flight is associated with their mental state variables such as workload, situation awareness, stress, etc. The objective of this study was to investigate the dynamic process of mental workload for pilots who perform a risky flight task in simulated scenarios. Two empirical experiments were conducted to address this issue. In experiment one, 19 trainee pilots divided into high-risk and low-risk groups performed a target-search task in a low-altitude visual flight. The results showed a statistically significant interaction between groups and segments for heart rate variability (HRV). The same pattern of physiological results was replicated among participants in experiment two, in which 19 airline pilots completed an approach with low visibility. These findings highlighted the relationship between mental workload variation and risk-taking behavior, which could be considered in improving pilot selection and training to improve flight safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, China
| | - Shan Gao
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, China
| | - Wei Tan
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, China
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Gendron P, Laurencelle L, Lajoie C, Trudeau F, Houle J, Goulet ÉDB. Change in heart rate variability during two firefighting work cycles. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2023; 29:453-460. [PMID: 36519506 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2022.2159173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether the change in heart rate variability from pre to post firefighting is modulated by different work cycles. Thirteen male firefighters underwent two firefighting simulations that comprised two identical 25-min work bouts intercalated by a passive recovery period of either 20 min (T20) or 5 min (T5). The square root of the mean squared differences of successive R-R intervals (RMSSD) and aural temperature were measured at rest before (PRE) and after (POST) firefighting simulations. The decrease in RMSSD was different between firefighting simulations (T20: -10 ± 21.2 ms, T5: -19.9 ± 20.9 ms, interaction, p = 0.02). Post-firefighting aural temperature was greater (p = 0.05) in T5 (37.18 ± 0.53 °C) than in T20 (36.88 ± 0.49 °C). In conclusion, a shorter recovery period of 5 min between firefighting work bouts decreases post-firefighting heart rate variability, possibly attributed to a lower parasympathetic reactivation and a higher absolute value of body temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Gendron
- Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Louis Laurencelle
- Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Claude Lajoie
- Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - François Trudeau
- Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Julie Houle
- Département des sciences infirmières, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Éric D B Goulet
- Faculté des sciences de l'activité physique, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada
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Cornell DJ, Noel SE, Zhang X, Ebersole KT. Influence of a Training Academy on the Parasympathetic Nervous System Reactivation of Firefighter Recruits-An Observational Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:E109. [PMID: 33375223 PMCID: PMC7795559 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the leading type of line-of-duty death among firefighters. An inability to restore parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) control after activity is associated with SCD. Post-exercise heart rate recovery (HRR) provides unique insight into reactivation of the PSNS. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine longitudinal changes in HRR responses of 25 male firefighter recruits. HR data were collected after submaximal exercise at week 1 (W1), week 6 (W6), and week 15 (W15) of their training at an academy. Percent maximal heart rate (%MHR) measures were computed at each HRR time point (%MHR0, %MHR15, %MHR30, %MHR45, %MHR60, %MHR120, %MHR180) and absolute HRR values were calculated at 30 s (ΔHRR30), 60 s (ΔHRR60), 120 s (ΔHRR120), and 180 s (ΔHRR180). After controlling for age and percent body fat, there was no statistically significant interaction between Week × HRR (p = 0.730), and there were no changes in ΔHRR30, ΔHRR60, and ΔHRR120, and ΔHRR180 indices across time. However, %MHR at W6 and W15 was significantly lower than %MHR at W1 at every HRR time point (ps < 0.001). Therefore, although the firefighter recruit training academy elicited positive training adaptations, changes in PSNS reactivation after submaximal activity were not identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Cornell
- Health Assessment Laboratory, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA;
- Center for Population Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA;
- Department of Physical Therapy and Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Sabrina E. Noel
- Health Assessment Laboratory, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA;
- Center for Population Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA;
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Center for Population Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA;
| | - Kyle T. Ebersole
- Human Performance and Sport Physiology Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA;
- Department of Occupational Sciences and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
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