1
|
Bizier A, Smit T, Thai JM, Businelle MS, Obasi EM, Gallagher MW, Zvolensky MJ, Garey L. The Indirect Effects of Negative Affect Reduction Motives on the Relationship Between Sex and Severity of Problems When Trying to Quit Among Black Adults Who Smoke. Subst Use Misuse 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39327694 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2024.2409714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND African American/Black (hereafter referred to as Black) persons who smoke constitute a tobacco disparities group in the United States. Within the Black population, female smokers experience a disproportionate percentage of these disparities and are less likely to quit cigarettes than their male counterparts. Two factors implicated in female smokers' relatively worse quit success are (1) motives to smoke to reduce negative affect and (2) expectancies that smoking will reduce negative affect. OBJECTIVES The present study sought to test sex differences in these two clinically relevant cognitive constructs and evaluate the indirect effects of sex and severity of problems when trying to quit via smoking motives and expectancies for negative affect reduction among Black adults who smoke. Participants included 103 Black adults who smoke daily (72% male; Mage = 44.5 years, SD = 11.5 years). RESULTS Results revealed sex differences in both negative affect reduction motives and expectancies, as well as a partial indirect effect for sex on the severity of problems when trying to quit through negative affect reduction motives (a1b1 = 0.18, 95% CI [0.04, 0.38]) but not negative affect reduction expectancies (a2b2 = -0.01, 95% CI [-0.11, 0.09]) in a simultaneous model of indirect effects. CONCLUSIONS These findings shed light on the complex relationship between race, sex, and severity of problems when trying to quit, particularly when complicated by smoking motives and expectancies. Current data should be considered when developing sex-specific, tailored smoking cessation interventions for Black women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andre Bizier
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tanya Smit
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jessica M Thai
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael S Businelle
- TSET Health Promotion Research Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Ezemenari M Obasi
- HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Psychological, Health, & Learning Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Michael J Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lorra Garey
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Garey L, Senger AR, Smit T, Nizio P, Matoska CT, Kauffman B, Businelle MS, Gallagher MW, Zvolensky MJ. Anxiety sensitivity and reasons for smoking among Black smokers. Addict Behav 2023; 139:107593. [PMID: 36563479 PMCID: PMC9897199 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Black smokers demonstrate higher nicotine dependence and experience higher rates of smoking-related diseases and mortality relative to European American/White smokers. A potential factor relevant to race-specific smoking health disparities may be smoking motives (i.e., motivational basis of smoking). Yet, little research has been conducted to understand psychological factors that may be associated with specific smoking motives among Black smokers. To address this gap in the literature, the current study explored the association between anxiety sensitivity and smoking motives within a subset sample of Black smokers who were interested in participating in a smoking cessation trial (N = 105; 70.5 % male; Mage = 44.8 years, SD = 11.6 years). Hierarchical regression analyses indicated anxiety sensitivity was associated with smoking motives related to habit (β = 0.39, p <.001), negative affect reduction (β = 0.32, p <.001), stimulation (β = 0.31, p <.001), and sensorimotor manipulation (β = 0.26, p =.008). Limited support was found for the effect of motives on past quit attempt engagement. These results may broaden understanding of the psychological mechanisms related to smoking motivation among Black smokers and may inform future intervention efforts to reduce smoking motivation among this health disparities population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorra Garey
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Amy R Senger
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Institute for Measurement, Evaluation, and Statistics University of Houston, Houston, TX USA.
| | - Tanya Smit
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Pamella Nizio
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | | | - Brooke Kauffman
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Michael S Businelle
- HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; TSET Health Promotion Research Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Matthew W Gallagher
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Institute for Measurement, Evaluation, and Statistics University of Houston, Houston, TX USA; HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Michael J Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, US.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Orr MF, Heggeness LF, Mehta N, Moya J, Manning K, Garey L, Hogan J, de Dios M, Zvolensky MJ. Anxiety sensitivity and cigarette use on cannabis use problems, perceived barriers for cannabis cessation, and self-efficacy for quitting among adults with cannabis use disorder. Addict Behav 2023; 137:107509. [PMID: 36194977 PMCID: PMC10080994 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Many individuals diagnosed with cannabis use disorder (CUD) report a desire to quit using cannabis due to problems associated with use. Yet, successful abstinence is difficult for a large subset of this population. Thus, the present study sought to elucidate potential risk factors for cannabis use problems, perceived barriers for quitting, and diminished self-efficacy for remaining abstinent. Specifically, this investigation examined cigarette user status, anxiety sensitivity, and the interplay between these individual difference factors in terms of cannabis-related problems, perceived barriers for cannabis cessation, and self-efficacy for quitting cannabis use. The sample consisted of 132 adult cannabis users who met criteria for CUD and were interested in quitting (38 % female; 63.6 % Black; Mage = 37.22; SDage = 28.79; 54.6 % current tobacco users). Findings revealed a significant interaction, such that anxiety sensitivity was related to cannabis use problems and perceived barriers for cannabis cessation among current cigarette users, but not among cigarette non-users. There was no significant interaction for self-efficacy for remaining abstinent. The current findings suggest that cigarette users constitute a subgroup that may be especially vulnerable to the effects of anxiety sensitivity in terms of cannabis use problems and perceived barriers for quitting cannabis use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Orr
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Luke F Heggeness
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nirvi Mehta
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jacob Moya
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kara Manning
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lorra Garey
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Julianna Hogan
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Center for Innovation in Quality, Effectives and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA; South Central Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Marcel de Dios
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael J Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zvolensky MJ, Kauffman BY, Smit T, Matoska CT, Mayorga NA, Gallagher M, Garey L. Anxiety sensitivity and its association with perceived barriers for quitting, smoking inflexibility, and severity of quit problems among Black smokers. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2022:1-18. [PMID: 36190317 PMCID: PMC10067536 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2022.2129538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
Black individuals who smoke in the United States experience health disparities related to tobacco use (e.g., greater nicotine dependence, less success in quitting smoking) and interoceptive distress (e.g., somatic symptoms, anxiety). Individual difference factors that amplify interoceptive distress and contribute to poorer smoking behaviors and outcomes warrant further attention and investigation. Thus, the present study sought to explore the association between anxiety sensitivity and clinically-relevant smoking variables of perceived barriers for quitting, smoking inflexibility, and problems experienced during past quit attempts. Participants in the current study included 98 Black adult smokers (71.4% male; Mage = 44.08 years, SD = 11.44 years). Results indicated greater levels of anxiety sensitivity were associated with greater levels of perceived barriers for quitting smoking (b = 0.10, SE = 0.08, p = 0.01), smoking inflexibility (b = 0.02, SE <.001, p <.001), and problems experienced during past smoking quit attempts (b = 0.17, SE = 0.07, p = 0.02). Clinical implications and future directions are further discussed as it relates to anxiety sensitivity and efforts to reduce or quit smoking for this health disparities population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Tanya Smit
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Nubia A. Mayorga
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Matthew Gallagher
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lorra Garey
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|