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Halecký M, Mach J, Zápotocký L, Pohořelý M, Beňo Z, Farták J, Kozliak E. Biofiltration of n-butyl acetate with three packing material mixtures, with and without biochar. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2024; 59:87-101. [PMID: 38571317 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2024.2332127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Two cost-effective packing materials were used for n-butyl acetate removal in lab-scale biofilters, namely waste spruce root wood chips and biochar obtained as a byproduct from a wood gasifier. Three biofilters packed with spruce root wood chips: without biochar (SRWC), a similar one with 10% of biochar (SRWC-B) and that with 10% of biochar impregnated with a nitrogen fertilizer (SRWC-IB) showed similar yet differing maximum elimination capacities of 206 ± 27, 275 ± 21 and 294 ± 20 g m-3 h-1, respectively, enabling high pollutant removal efficiency (>95% at moderate loads) and stable performance. The original biochar adsorption capacity was high (208 ± 6 mgtoluene g-1), but near 70% of it was lost after a 300-day biofilter operation. By contrast, the exposed impregnated biochar drastically increased its adsorption capacity in 300 days (149 ± 7 vs. 17 ± 5 mgtoluene g-1). Colony forming unit (CFU) and microscopic analyses revealed significant packing material colonization by microorganisms and grazing fauna in all three biofilters with an acceptable pressure drop, up to 1020 Pa m-1, at the end of biofilter operation. Despite a higher price (14 vs. 123 €m-3), the application of the best performing SRWC-IB packing can reduce the total investment costs by 9% due to biofilter volume reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Halecký
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Mach
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Michael Pohořelý
- Department of Power Engineering, The University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Beňo
- Department of Gaseous and Solid Fuels and Air Protection, The University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Farták
- Department of Power Engineering, The University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Evguenii Kozliak
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
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Khabiri B, Ferdowsi M, Buelna G, Jones JP, Heitz M. Bioelimination of low methane concentrations emitted from wastewater treatment plants: a review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:450-467. [PMID: 34261394 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1940830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Sewage from residents and industries is collected and transported to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with sewer networks. The operation of WWTPs results in emissions of greenhouse gases, such as methane (CH4), mostly due to sludge anaerobic digestion. Amounts of emissions depend on the source of influent, i.e. municipal and industrial wastewater as well as sewer systems (gravity and rising). Wastewater is the fifth-largest source of anthropogenic CH4 emissions in the world and represents 7-9% of total global CH4 emissions into the atmosphere. Global wastewater CH4 emission grew by approximately 20% from 2005 to 2020 and is expected to grow by 8% between 2020 and 2030, which makes wastewater an important CH4 emitter worldwide. This review initially considers the emission of CH4 from WWTPs and sewer networks. In the second part, biotechniques available for biodegradation of low CH4 concentrations (<5% v/v) encountered in WWTPs have been studied. The paper reviews major bioreactor configurations for the treatment of polluted air, i.e. biotrickling filters, bioscrubbers, two-liquid phase bioreactors, biofilters, and hybrid reactor configurations, after which it focuses on CH4 biofiltration systems. Biofiltration represents a simple and efficient approach to bio-oxidize CH4 in waste gases from WWTPs. Major factors influencing a biofilter's performance along with knowledge gaps in relation to its application for treating gaseous emissions from WWTPs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Khabiri
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Milad Ferdowsi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Gerardo Buelna
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - J Peter Jones
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Michèle Heitz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
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Meena M, Sonigra P, Yadav G. Biological-based methods for the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and heavy metals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:2485-2508. [PMID: 33095900 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11112-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The current scenario of increased population and industrial advancement leads to the spoliation of freshwater and tapper of the quality of water. These results decrease in freshwater bodies near all of the areas. Besides, organic and inorganic compounds discharged from different sources into the available natural water bodies are the cause of pollution. The occurrence of heavy metals in water and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the air is responsible for a vast range of negative impacts on the atmosphere and human health. Nonetheless, high uses of heavy metals for human purposes may alter the biochemical and geochemical equilibrium. The major air contaminants which are released into the surroundings known as VOCs are produced through different kinds of sources, such as petrochemical and pharmaceutical industries. VOCs are known to cause various health hazards. VOCs are a pivotal group of chemicals that evaporate readily at room temperature. To get over this problem, biofiltration technology has been evolved for the treatment of heavy metals using biological entities such as plants, algae, fungi, and bacteria. Biofiltration technology is a beneficial and sustainable method for the elimination of toxic pollutants from the aquatic environment. Various types of biological technologies ranging from biotrickling filters to biofilters have been developed and they are cost-effective, simple to fabricate, and easy to perform. A significant advantage of this process is the pollutant that is transformed into biodegradable trashes which can decompose within an average time period, thus yielding no secondary pollutants. The aim of this article is to scrutinize the role of biofiltration in the removal of heavy metals in wastewater and VOCs and also to analyze the recent bioremediation technologies and methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Meena
- Laboratory of Phytopathology and Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India.
| | - Priyankaraj Sonigra
- Laboratory of Phytopathology and Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India
| | - Garima Yadav
- Laboratory of Phytopathology and Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India
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Prikyai K, Watsuntorn W, Rene ER, Visvanathan C. Performance of an air membrane bioreactor for methanol removal under steady and transient state conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 260:127514. [PMID: 32688309 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of an air membrane bioreactor (aMBR) for the treatment of gas-phase methanol. A laboratory-scale hollow fiber aMBR was operated for 150 days, at inlet methanol concentrations varying between 2 and 30 g m-3 and at empty bed residence times (EBRT) of 30, 10 and 5 s. Under steady-state conditions, a maximum methanol removal efficiency (RE) of 98% was obtained at an EBRT of 30 s and a decrease in RE of methanol was observed at lower EBRTs. On increasing the inlet loading rate, some portion of gas-phase MeOH was stripped into the liquid phase due to its solubility in water. Under transient conditions, the MeOH removal efficiency dropped from an average value of 95%-90% after 5 h of 10-fold shock load and dropped from an average value of 95%-88% under 5-fold increase in shock load. During transient-state tests, the aMBR performed well under different upset loading conditions and a drop in RE of ∼ 5-10% was observed. However, the aMBR performance was restored within 1-2 days when pre-shock conditions were restored. The results from microbial structure analysis revealed a big shift of the dominant methanol degrader, from Candida boidinii strain TBRC 217 to Xanthobacter sp. and Fusicolla sp., respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonkarn Prikyai
- Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Change, School of Environmental, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Wannapawn Watsuntorn
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, PO Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Chettiyappan Visvanathan
- Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Change, School of Environmental, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani, Thailand
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Kasperczyk D, Urbaniec K, Barbusinski K, Rene ER, Colmenares-Quintero RF. Application of a compact trickle-bed bioreactor for the removal of odor and volatile organic compounds emitted from a wastewater treatment plant. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 236:413-419. [PMID: 30763765 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.01.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A compact trickle-bed bioreactor (CTBB) was tested for the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) present in the exhaust air of a wastewater treatment plant. At gas-flow rates varying between 2.0 and 30.0 m3/h and for specific pollutant loads up to 20 g/(m3·h), removal efficiencies for H2S and VOC were >95%. The CTBB was designed for a maximum H2S concentration of ∼200 ppm and removal efficiencies >97% were noticed. VOC concentrations were in the range of 25-240 ppmv and the removal efficiency was in the range of 85-99%. Possible consequences of an excessive pollutant overload and the time required for regenerating the microbial activity and reviving stable process conditions in the CTBB were also investigated. An increase in the H2S concentration from 400 to 600 ppmv for a few hours caused bioreactor poisoning; however, when original H2S concentrations were restored, stable CTBB operation was ascertained within 3 h.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Krzysztof Urbaniec
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Plock, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Barbusinski
- Institute of Water and Wastewater Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, IHE-Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2601 DA Delft, the Netherlands
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Chen CY, Tsai TH, Chang CH, Tseng CF, Lin SY, Chung YC. Airlift bioreactor system for simultaneous removal of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia from synthetic and actual waste gases. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2018; 53:694-701. [PMID: 29465296 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2018.1439855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of an airlift reactor system in simultaneously removing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and ammonia (NH3) from synthetic and actual waste gases was investigated. The effects of various parameters, including the ratio of inoculum dilution, the gas concentration, the gas retention time, catalyst addition, the bubble size, and light intensity, on H2S and NH3 removal were investigated. The results revealed that optimal gas removal could be achieved by employing an activated inoculum, using a small bubble stone, applying reinforced fluorescent light, adding Fe2O3 catalysts, and applying a gas retention time of 20 s. The shock loading did not substantially affect the removal efficiency of the airlift bioreactor. Moreover, more than 98.5% of H2S and 99.6% of NH3 were removed in treating actual waste gases. Fifteen bands or species were observed in a profile from denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis during waste gas treatment. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the phylum Proteobacteria to be predominant. Six bacterial strains were consistently present during the entire operating period; however, only Rhodobacter capsulatus, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, and Arthrobacter oxydans were relatively abundant in the system. The photosynthetic bacteria R. capsulatus and R. palustris were responsible for H2S oxidation, especially when the reinforced fluorescent light was used. The heterotrophic nitrifier A. oxydans was responsible for NH3 oxidation. To our knowledge, this is the first report on simultaneous H2S and NH3 removal using an airlift bioreactor system. It clearly demonstrates the effectiveness of the system in treating actual waste gases containing H2S and NH3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yu Chen
- a Department of Tourism and Leisure , Hsing Wu University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Teh-Hua Tsai
- b Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , National Taipei University of Technology , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Chang
- c Department of Biological Science and Technology , China University of Science and Technology , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Fang Tseng
- c Department of Biological Science and Technology , China University of Science and Technology , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yun Lin
- c Department of Biological Science and Technology , China University of Science and Technology , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chien Chung
- c Department of Biological Science and Technology , China University of Science and Technology , Taipei , Taiwan
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Habeeb OA, Kanthasamy R, Ali GA, Sethupathi S, Yunus RBM. Hydrogen sulfide emission sources, regulations, and removal techniques: a review. REV CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2017-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This review highlights the recent technologies of H2S removal from wastewater in the petroleum refinery. H2S is a harmful, putrid, and hazardous gaseous compound. The main processes such as physicochemical, chemical, biological, and electrochemical methods were compared and discussed in detail. The effects of various parameters and adsorbent characteristics were highlighted and correlated with the adsorption capacities. Surface functional groups and porosity surface area play a crucial role in the process of single-phase and composite adsorbents. Composite materials impregnated with some metals showed high removal efficiencies. It was found that the adsorption process is the most relevant way for H2S removal due to its high removal efficiency, low cost, eco-friendly, and operational simplicity. This study serves as a useful guideline for those who are interested in H2S removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Abed Habeeb
- Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering , Universiti Malaysia Pahang , Gambang , 26300 Kuantan , Malaysia
| | - Ramesh Kanthasamy
- Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering , Universiti Malaysia Pahang , Gambang , 26300 Kuantan , Malaysia
| | - Gomaa A.M. Ali
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology , Universiti Malaysia Pahang , Gambang , 26300 Kuantan , Malaysia
- Chemistry Department , Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University , Assiut 71524 , Egypt
- Al-Azhar Center of Nanoscience and Applications (ACNA) , Al-Azhar University , Assiut 71524 , Egypt
| | - Sumathi Sethupathi
- Department of Environmental Engineering , Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman , 31900 Perak , Malaysia
| | - Rosli Bin Mohd Yunus
- Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering , Universiti Malaysia Pahang , Gambang , 26300 Kuantan , Malaysia
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Challenges and solutions for biofiltration of hydrophobic volatile organic compounds. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:1091-1102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Cheng Z, Gu Z, Chen J, Yu J, Zhou L. Synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic activity of porous La-N-co-doped TiO2 nanotubes for gaseous chlorobenzene oxidation. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 46:203-213. [PMID: 27521952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The photocatalytic oxidation of gaseous chlorobenzene (CB) by the 365nm-induced photocatalyst La/N-TiO2, synthesized via a sol-gel and hydrothermal method, was evaluated. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to model and optimize the conditions for synthesis of the photocatalyst. The optimal photocatalyst was 1.2La/0.5N-TiO2 (0.5) and the effects of La/N on crystalline structure, particle morphology, surface element content, and other structural characteristics were investigated by XRD (X-ray diffraction), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), UV-vis (Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy), and BET (Brunauer Emmett Teller). Greater surface area and smaller particle size were produced with the co-doped TiO2 nanotubes than with reference TiO2. The removal of CB was effective when performed using the synthesized photocatalyst, though it was less efficient at higher initial CB concentrations. Various modified Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic models involving the adsorption of chlorobenzene and water on different active sites were evaluated. Fitting results suggested that competitive adsorption caused by water molecules could not be neglected, especially for environments with high relative humidity. The reaction intermediates found after GC-MS (Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) analysis indicated that most were soluble, low-toxicity, or both. The results demonstrated that the prepared photocatalyst had high activity for VOC (volatile organic compounds) conversion and may be used as a pretreatment prior to biopurification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuowei Cheng
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Zhiqi Gu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jianmeng Chen
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Jianming Yu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lingjun Zhou
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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Esmaeili Faraj SH, Nasr Esfahany M, Jafari-Asl M, Etesami N. Hydrogen Sulfide Bubble Absorption Enhancement in Water-Based Nanofluids. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie5031453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Hamid Esmaeili Faraj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nasr Esfahany
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Mehdi Jafari-Asl
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Nasrin Etesami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and ‡Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
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