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Elhalis H, Chin XH, Chow Y. Soybean fermentation: Microbial ecology and starter culture technology. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024; 64:7648-7670. [PMID: 36916137 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2188951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Fermented soybean products, including Soya sauce, Tempeh, Miso, and Natto have been consumed for decades, mainly in Asian countries. Beans are processed using either solid-state fermentation, submerged fermentation, or a sequential of both methods. Traditional ways are still used to conduct the fermentation processes, which, depending on the fermented products, might take a few days or even years to complete. Diverse microorganisms were detected during fermentation in various processes with Bacillus species or filamentous fungi being the two main dominant functional groups. Microbial activities were essential to increase the bean's digestibility, nutritional value, and sensory quality, as well as lower its antinutritive factors. The scientific understanding of fermentation microbial communities, their enzymes, and their metabolic activities, however, still requires further development. The use of a starter culture is crucial, to control the fermentation process and ensure product consistency. A broad understanding of the spontaneous fermentation ecology, biochemistry, and the current starter culture technology is essential to facilitate further improvement and meet the needs of the current extending and sustainable economy. This review covers what is currently known about these aspects and reveals the limited available information, along with the possible directions for future starter culture design in soybean fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosam Elhalis
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Nanos, Singapore, Singapore
- Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xin Hui Chin
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Nanos, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yvonne Chow
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Nanos, Singapore, Singapore
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Feng H, Cheng B, Lim J, Li B, Li C, Zhang X. Advancements in enhancing resistant starch type 3 (RS3) content in starchy food and its impact on gut microbiota: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13355. [PMID: 38685870 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Resistant starch type 3 (RS3), often found in cooked starchy food, has various health benefits due to its indigestible properties and physiological functions such as promoting the abundance of gut beneficial microbial flora and inhibiting the growth of intestinal pathogenic bacteria. However, it is challenging to develop starchy food with high RS3 content. This review aims to provide a detailed overview of current advancements to enhance RS3 content in starchy food and its effects of RS3 on gut microbiota. These approaches include breeding high-amylose cereals through gene editing techniques, processing, enzyme treatments, storage, formation of RS3 nanoparticles, and the incorporation of bioactive compounds. The mechanisms, specific conditions, advantages, and disadvantages associated with each approach and the potential effects of RS3 prepared by different methods on gut microbiota are summarized. In conclusion, this review contains important information that aims to provide guidelines for developing an efficient RS3 preparation process and promote the consumption of RS3-enriched starchy foods to improve overall health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Feng
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jongbin Lim
- Department of Food Bioengineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Baoguo Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Food & Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Sivaraman SA, Sabareesh V. An Update on Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV Inhibiting Peptides. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2024; 25:267-285. [PMID: 38173201 DOI: 10.2174/0113892037287976231212104607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder. According to the International Diabetes Federation, about 537 million people are living with diabetes. The two types of diabetes are type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), among which the population affected by T2DM is relatively higher. A major reason for T2DM is that insulin stimulation is hampered due to the inactivation of incretin hormones. Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) is a serine protease that is directly involved in the inactivation of incretin hormones, e.g., glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Therefore, the inhibition of DPP-IV can be a promising method for managing T2DM, in addition to other enzyme inhibition strategies, such as inhibition of α-amylase and α -glucosidase. Currently, about 12 different gliptin drugs are available in the market that inhibit DPP-IV in a dose-dependent manner. Instead of gliptins, 'peptides' can also be employed as an alternative and promising way to inhibit DPP-IV. Peptide inhibitors of DPP-IV have been identified from various plants and animals. Chemically synthesized peptides have also been experimented for inhibiting DPP-IV. Most peptides have been analysed by biochemical assays, whereas some in vitro assays have also been reported. Molecular docking analysis has been applied to comprehend the mechanism of inhibition. In this review, certain aspects of natural as well as synthetic peptides are described that have been proven to inhibit DPP-IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachithanantham Annapoorani Sivaraman
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology (CBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014, India
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014, India
| | - Varatharajan Sabareesh
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology (CBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014, India
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4
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Singh R, Dobriyal AK, Singh RD, Ríos-Escalante PDL. Evaluation of inhibitory activity, purification and X-ray crystallography of Alpha-Amylase inhibitor from Phaseolus vulgaris cultivars of Uttarakhand, India. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e253180. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.253180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The present work is based on analysis of inhibitory activity of alpha-amylase inhibitor in selected cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris of Uttarakhand. Fifteen samples were assessed for inhibitory activity of alpha-amylase inhibitor. Significant variations were found in different cultivars. Crude extract of alpha-amylase inhibitor from sample PUR (Purola) have shown maximum inhibitory activity (70.2 ± 0.84). Crude extract of all the cultivars have shown considerable variations in inhibitory activity in the temperature ranging from 20ºC to 100ºC. Based on inhibitory activity and heat stability profile, the alpha amylase inhibitor was purified from PUR cultivar. The purified inhibitor was found to be stable even at 90ºC with an inhibitory activity of 97.20 ±0.09. The molecular weight of purified inhibitor on Native PAGE (Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) was found to be 31kd, consisting of two subunits of 17kd and 14kd on SDS-PAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Singh
- Guru Nanak Development University, India
| | | | - R. D. Singh
- Lovely Professional University Phagwara, India
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5
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Elhalis H, See XY, Osen R, Chin XH, Chow Y. The potentials and challenges of using fermentation to improve the sensory quality of plant-based meat analogs. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1267227. [PMID: 37860141 PMCID: PMC10582269 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1267227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the advancements made in improving the quality of plant-based meat substitutes, more work needs to be done to match the texture, appearance, and flavor of real meat. This review aims to cover the sensory quality constraints of plant-based meat analogs and provides fermentation as a sustainable approach to push these boundaries. Plant-based meat analogs have been observed to have weak and soft textural quality, poor mouth feel, an unstable color, and unpleasant and beany flavors in some cases, necessitating the search for efficient novel technologies. A wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria such as Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, as well as fungi like Fusarium venenatum and Neurospora intermedia, have improved the product texture to mimic fibrous meat structures. Additionally, the chewiness and hardness of the resulting meat analogs have been further improved through the use of Bacillus subtilis. However, excessive fermentation may result in a decrease in the final product's firmness and produce a slimy texture. Similarly, several microbial metabolites can mimic the color and flavor of meat, with some concerns. It appears that fermentation is a promising approach to modulating the sensory profiles of plant-derived meat ingredients without adverse consequences. In addition, the technology of starter cultures can be optimized and introduced as a new strategy to enhance the organoleptic properties of plant-based meat while still meeting the needs of an expanding and sustainable economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosam Elhalis
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xin Yi See
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raffael Osen
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xin Hui Chin
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yvonne Chow
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
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Wu J, Warren FJ. The impact of the soluble protein fraction and kernel hardness on wheat flour starch digestibility. Food Chem 2023; 406:135047. [PMID: 36459801 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Wheat is the staple crop for 35% of the world's population, providing a major source of calories, mainly in the form of starch. The digestibility of wheat starch varies between different flours and products. Wheat products that are rapidly digested elicit large post-prandial glucose peaks associated with metabolic disorders. We investigated the impact of protein on starch digestion in three commercial flours with different grain hardness. A soluble extract of wheat proteins reduced starch digestion, even following gastric proteolysis. This extract was enriched in proteinaceous α-amylase inhibitors which were partially degraded during gastric proteolysis. Starch digestion kinetic analysis was carried out for flour samples pre-treated with different pepsin activities. The rate of starch digestion was altered following pepsin pre-digestion, and the extent of starch digestion increased in response to pepsin pre-digestion. We conclude that soluble proteinaceous alpha-amylase inhibitors present in wheat can escape gastric digestion and significantly contribute to reducing starch digestion in the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wu
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
| | - Frederick J Warren
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK.
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7
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Zhang X, Jia Y, Fei Y, Lu Y, Liu X, Shan H, Huan Y. Cu/Au nanoclusters with peroxidase-like activity for chemiluminescence detection of α-amylase. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:1553-1558. [PMID: 36883451 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00029j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a novel chemiluminescence method was developed for efficient and sensitive detection of α-amylase activity. α-Amylase is closely related to our life, and α-amylase concentration is a marker for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. In this paper, Cu/Au nanoclusters with peroxidase-like activity were prepared using starch as a stabilizer. Cu/Au nanoclusters can catalyze H2O2 to generate reactive oxygen species and increase the CL signal. The addition of α-amylase makes the starch decompose and causes the nanoclusters to aggregate. The aggregation of the nanoclusters caused them to increase in size and decrease in the peroxidase-like activity, resulting in a decrease in the CL signal. α-Amylase was detected by the CL method of signal changes caused by dispersion-aggregation in the range of 0.05-8 U mL-1 with a low detection limit of 0.006 U mL-1. The chemiluminescence scheme based on the luminol-H2O2-Cu/Au NC system is of great significance for the sensitive and selective determination of α-amylase in real samples, and the detection time is short. This work provides new ideas for the detection of α-amylase based on the chemiluminescence method and the signal lasts for a long time, which can realize timely detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuying Jia
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanqun Fei
- Changchun Zhuoyi Biological Co., Ltd., Changchun, 130616, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhuang Lu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongyan Shan
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanfu Huan
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
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Antidiabetic Potential of Novel 1,3,5-Trisubstituted-2-Thioxoimidazloidin-4-One Analogues: Insights into α-Glucosidase, α-Amylase, and Antioxidant Activities. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121576. [PMID: 36559028 PMCID: PMC9785777 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As the ninth leading cause of death globally, diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered to be the worst chronic metabolic disease requiring an enormous need for healthcare with over 578 million expected cases by 2023. Several recent findings have demonstrated that mediating the activity of carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes, including α-amylase and α-glucosidase, could be a potential strategy for managing the development of DM. In the presented study, a novel set of 1,3,5-trisubstituted-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-ones was designed, synthesized, and characterized. The antidiabetic activity of the synthesized compounds was explored by assessing their inhibitory activity toward α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. The results demonstrated that this class of compounds exhibits considerable inhibitory activity toward both α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Among the synthesized compounds, compound 5a demonstrated the most inhibitory activity with IC50 of 5.08 and µg/mL and 0.21 µg/mL toward α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities, respectively, as compared to the drug Acarbose (IC50 = 5.76 µg/mL and 0.39 µg/mL, respectively). To gain insights into the antidiabetic potential of compound 5a, we assessed the cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. Our findings indicated that compound 5a displays considerable cytotoxicity toward WI-38 cells with an IC50 of 88.54 µg/mL, as compared to the drug Celecoxib (IC50 = 93.05 µg/mL). Further, compound 5a exhibited a high scavenging activity toward 2,2-Diphenyl1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals (IC50 = 51.75 µg/mL) and showed a low potential to produce ROS as indicated by the monitoring of the generated H2O2 (132.4 pg/mL), as compared to Trolox (IC50 = 58.09 µg/mL) and Celecoxib (171.6 pg/mL). Finally, we performed extensive molecular modeling studies to affirm the binding affinity of this class of compounds to the binding pocket of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Collectively, our findings indicate that this class of compounds, particularly compound 5a, could be utilized as a lead structure for the development of novel compounds with potential antidiabetic and antioxidant activities.
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Zhou H, Safdar B, Li H, Yang L, Ying Z, Liu X. Identification of a novel α-amylase inhibitory activity peptide from quinoa protein hydrolysate. Food Chem 2022; 403:134434. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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10
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Wang Q, Li R, Li N, Jia Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Panichayupakaranant P, Chen H. The antioxidant activities, inhibitory effects, kinetics, and mechanisms of artocarpin and α-mangostin on α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:880-891. [PMID: 35688278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the antioxidant activities, enzyme inhibitory activities and the interaction mechanisms of artocarpin and α-mangostin on α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Results showed that artocarpin and α-mangostin had obvious antioxidant activities and inhibitory activities on α-glucosidase and α-amylase. The inhibitions of the two compounds on α-glucosidase were reversible and non-competitive according to the kinetics studies. Fluorescence intensity measurements indicated that the interaction mechanisms between the inhibitors and the two enzymes were static processes. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) analysis showed that the bindings between the inhibitors and the enzymes complex were all spontaneous. The main driving forces between α-mangostin and artocarpin with α-glucosidase might be hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions, respectively. While the forces between the two inhibitors and α-amylase might be hydrophobic interactions. Furthermore, molecular docking results showed that artocarpin and α-mangostin could bind to the allosteric site of the two enzymes, except for artocarpin in the active site pocket of α-amylase. All the results indicated that artocarpin and α-mangostin might be promising candidates for hypoglycemic functional products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qirou Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Ruilin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Nannan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Yanan Jia
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Yue Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Haixia Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
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Peddio S, Padiglia A, Cannea FB, Crnjar R, Zam W, Sharifi-Rad J, Rescigno A, Zucca P. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) α-amylase inhibitors as safe nutraceutical strategy against diabetes and obesity: An update review. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2803-2823. [PMID: 35485365 PMCID: PMC9544720 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are constantly increasing, not only in Western countries but also in low‐middle‐income ones. The decrease of both the intake of carbohydrates and their assimilation are among the main dietary strategies to counter these conditions. α‐Amylase, a key enzyme involved in the digestion of carbohydrates, is the target enzyme to reduce the absorption rate of carbohydrates. α‐Amylase inhibitors (α‐AIs) can be found in plants. The common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris is of particular interest due to the presence of protein‐based α‐AIs which, through a protein–protein interaction, reduce the activity of this enzyme. Here we describe the nature of the various types of common bean seed extracts, the type of protein inhibitors they contain, reviewing the recent Literature about their molecular structure and mechanism of action. We also explore the existing evidence (clinical trials conducted on both animals and humans) supporting the potential benefits of this protein inhibitors from P. vulgaris, also highlighting the urgent need of further studies to confirm the clinical efficacy of the commercial products. This work could contribute to summarize the knowledge and application of P. vulgaris extract as a nutraceutical strategy for controlling unwanted weight gains, also highlighting the current limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Peddio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DiSB), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Padiglia
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Faustina B Cannea
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Roberto Crnjar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DiSB), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Wissam Zam
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Wadi International University, Tartous, Syria
| | | | - Antonio Rescigno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DiSB), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paolo Zucca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DiSB), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
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12
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Characterisation of alpha-amylase inhibitor from Streptomyces xinghaiensis AAI2 in solid substrate. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e01086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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13
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Zheng X, Xiao H, Chen J, Zhu J, Fu Y, Ouyang S, Chen Y, Chen D, Su J, Xue T. Metabolome and Whole-Transcriptome Analyses Reveal the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Hypoglycemic Nutrient Metabolites Biosynthesis in Cyclocarya paliurus Leaves During Different Harvest Stages. Front Nutr 2022; 9:851569. [PMID: 35295916 PMCID: PMC8919051 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.851569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclocarya paliurus, a well-known nutrient and beverage plant, is under development for use in functional health care products best and natural and organic foods. We hypothesis that the composition and metabolic accumulation of hypoglycemic nutrient metabolites exhibit significant differences depending on harvest time. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish the best harvest time for C. paliurus leaves for the further development of healthy teas and other products. However, the detail compositions and molecular mechanisms of nutrients biosynthesis in C. paliurus leaves during different harvest stages remain largely unclear. Metabolome analysis showed that a suitable leaf-harvesting strategy for C. paliurus could be in September or October each year due to the high content of hypoglycemic nutrient metabolites. We found that two of the seven differentially accumulated phenolic acid metabolites have a relatively good inhibitory effect on α-amylase, indicating that they may play a role in the hypoglycemic function. Combined analysis of coexpression, ceRNA network, and weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) showed that several genes or transcription factors (TFs) in three modules correlated highly with hypoglycemic nutrient metabolites, including CpPMM, CpMan, CpFK, CpSUS, CpbglX, Cp4CL, CpHCT, and CpWRKY1. These findings help in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks of the hypoglycemic nutrient metabolites in C. paliurus leaves which are dependent on harvest time and provide theoretical guidance in the development of functional health care products and foods from C. paliurus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Duo Chen
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Southern Institute of Oceanography, Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingqian Su
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Southern Institute of Oceanography, Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ting Xue
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Southern Institute of Oceanography, Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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