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Neuroprotective effects of Actinidia eriantha cv. Bidan kiwifruit on amyloid beta-induced neuronal damages in PC-12 cells and ICR mice. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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2
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Mármol I, Sánchez-de-Diego C, Jiménez-Moreno N, Ancín-Azpilicueta C, Rodríguez-Yoldi MJ. Therapeutic Applications of Rose Hips from Different Rosa Species. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061137. [PMID: 28587101 PMCID: PMC5485961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosa species, rose hips, are widespread wild plants that have been traditionally used as medicinal compounds for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases. The therapeutic potential of these plants is based on its antioxidant effects caused by or associated with its phytochemical composition, which includes ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds and healthy fatty acids among others. Over the last few years, medicinal interest in rose hips has increased as a consequence of recent research that has studied its potential application as a treatment for several diseases including skin disorders, hepatotoxicity, renal disturbances, diarrhoea, inflammatory disorders, arthritis, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, obesity and cancer. In this review, the role of different species of Rosa in the prevention of treatment of various disorders related to oxidative stress, is examined, focusing on new therapeutic approaches from a molecular point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Mármol
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50013, Spain.
| | | | - Nerea Jiménez-Moreno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona 31006, Spain.
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3
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Kumaran A, Ho CC, Hwang LS. Protective effect of Nelumbo nucifera extracts on beta amyloid protein induced apoptosis in PC12 cells, in vitro model of Alzheimer's disease. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 26:172-181. [PMID: 29389553 PMCID: PMC9332666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. β-Amyloid (Aβ) has been proposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of AD. Deposits of insoluble Aβ are found in the brains of patients with AD and are one of the pathological hallmarks of the disease, but the underlying signaling pathways are poorly understood. In order to develop antidementia agents with potential therapeutic value, we examined the inhibitory effect of the Nelumbo nucifera seed embryo extracts on to the aggregated amyloid β peptide (agg Aβ1–40)-induced damage of differentiated PC-12 cells (dPC-12), a well-known cell model for AD. In the present study, seed embryos of N. nucifera were extracted with 70% methanol in water and then separated into hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water layers. Among them, only the n-butanol layer showed strong activity and was therefore subjected to separation on Sephadex LH-20 chromatography. Two fractions showing potent activity were found to significantly inhibit Aβ1–40 toxicity on dPC-12 cells in increasing order of concentration (10–50 μg/mL). Further purification and characterization of these active fractions identified them to be flavonoids such as rutin, orientin, isoorientin, isoquercetrin, and hyperoside. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate scavenging activity of the extracts was also carried out to ascertain the possible mechanism of the activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaganandam Kumaran
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Number 1, Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng Chang Ho
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Number 1, Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Lucy Sun Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Number 1, Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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4
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The genus Rosa and arthritis: Overview on pharmacological perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2016; 114:219-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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5
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Park SK, Ha JS, Kim JM, Kang JY, Lee DS, Guo TJ, Lee U, Kim DO, Heo HJ. Antiamnesic Effect of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) Leaves on Amyloid Beta (Aβ)1-42-Induced Learning and Memory Impairment. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:3353-3361. [PMID: 27079470 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To examine the antiamnesic effects of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) leaves, we performed in vitro and in vivo tests on amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced neurotoxicity. The chloroform fraction from broccoli leaves (CBL) showed a remarkable neuronal cell-protective effect and an inhibition against acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The ameliorating effect of CBL on Aβ1-42-induced learning and memory impairment was evaluated by Y-maze, passive avoidance, and Morris water maze tests. The results indicated improving cognitive function in the CBL group. After the behavioral tests, antioxidant effects were detected by superoxide dismutase (SOD), oxidized glutathione (GSH)/total GSH, and malondialdehyde (MDA) assays, and inhibition against AChE was also presented in the brain. Finally, oxo-dihydroxy-octadecenoic acid (oxo-DHODE) and trihydroxy-octadecenoic acid (THODE) as main compounds were identified by quadrupole time-of-flight ultraperformance liquid chromatography (Q-TOF UPLC-MS) analysis. Therefore, our studies suggest that CBL could be used as a natural resource for ameliorating Aβ1-42-induced learning and memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Kyeong Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Su Ha
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yong Kang
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Du Sang Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Tian Jiao Guo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Uk Lee
- Department of Special Purpose Trees, Korea Forest Research Institute , Suwon 16631, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Ok Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University , Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jin Heo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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6
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Gao PY, Wang M, Liu XG, Gao YX, Li JL, Zhang ZX, Lin HW, Song SJ. Triterpenes from the fruits of Rosa laevigata with acetylcholinesterase and Aβ-aggregation inhibitory activities. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra21590k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A lupane-type triterpene (1) featuring a rare 2-hemiacetal moiety and aromatic ester derivatives (2–6) were isolated from R. laevigata and evaluated to possess acetylcholinesterase and Aβ-aggregation inhibitory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Yi Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Engineering
- Shenyang University of Chemical Technology
- Shenyang 110142
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Engineering
- Shenyang University of Chemical Technology
- Shenyang 110142
- P. R. China
| | - Xue-Gui Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Engineering
- Shenyang University of Chemical Technology
- Shenyang 110142
- P. R. China
| | - Yi-Xing Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Engineering
- Shenyang University of Chemical Technology
- Shenyang 110142
- P. R. China
| | - Jia-Luo Li
- College of Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Engineering
- Shenyang University of Chemical Technology
- Shenyang 110142
- P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Xue Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Engineering
- Shenyang University of Chemical Technology
- Shenyang 110142
- P. R. China
| | - Hou-Wen Lin
- Key Laboratory for Marine Drugs
- Department of Pharmacy
- Renji Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai 200127
| | - Shao-Jiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery
- Ministry of Education
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
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7
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Kumar NS, Nisha N. Phytomedicines as potential inhibitors of β amyloid aggregation: significance to Alzheimer's disease. Chin J Nat Med 2015; 12:801-18. [PMID: 25480511 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(14)60122-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Throughout the history of drug development, plants have been an important source for the discovery of novel therapeutically active compounds for many diseases. The ethnopharmacological approach has provided several leads to identify potential new drugs from plant sources, including those for memory disorders. For the treatment of Alzheimer's disease the drug discovery focus shifted from cholinesterase inhibitors, to other targets primarily based on two key neuropathological hallmarks, namely the hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein resulting in the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and the increased formation and aggregation of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) derived from amyloid precursor protein (APP). The present article aims to provide a comprehensive literature survey of plants and their constituents that have been tested for Aβ aggregation, thus possibly relieving several features of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- N Satheesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research [NIPER-H], Balanagar, Hyderabad-500037, India.
| | - N Nisha
- Department of Biochemistry, Aurigene Discovery Technologies, Hyderabad-500049, India
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Adewusi EA, Steenkamp V. Medicinal plants and their derivatives with amyloid beta inhibitory activity as potential targets for drug discovery. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(15)60810-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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9
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Protective Effects of Kaempferol (3,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) against Amyloid Beta Peptide (Aβ)-Induced Neurotoxicity in ICR Mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 74:397-401. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.90585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Kim JK, Shin EC, Kim CR, Park GG, Choi SJ, Park CS, Shin DH. Effects of Brussels Sprouts and Their Phytochemical Components on Oxidative Stress–Induced Neuronal Damages in PC12 Cells and ICR Mice. J Med Food 2013; 16:1057-61. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kyeom Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho Rong Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwi Gun Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Choi
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Cheung-Seog Park
- Department of Microbiology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Shin
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim JK, Shin EC, Kim CR, Park GG, Choi SJ, Cho HY, Shin DH. Composition of fatty acids in commercially available tree nuts and their relationship with protective effects against oxidative stress-induced neurotoxicity. Food Sci Biotechnol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-013-0189-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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12
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Wang LC, Wang SE, Wang JJ, Tsai TY, Lin CH, Pan TM, Lee CL. In vitro and in vivo comparisons of the effects of the fruiting body and mycelium of Antrodia camphorata against amyloid β-protein-induced neurotoxicity and memory impairment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 94:1505-19. [PMID: 22350319 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-3941-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Antrodia camphorata is a particular and precious medicinal mushroom, and its fruiting body was found to provide more efficient protection from oxidative stress and inflammation than its mycelium because of its higher content of triterpenoids, total phenols, and so on. In the previous in vitro studies, the mycelium of A. camphorata is proven to provide strong neuroprotection in neuron cells and suggested to have the potential of protection against neurotoxicity of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) known as the risk factor toward Alzheimer's disease (AD) development. However, the in vivo study and the comparison study with the fruiting body have not yet been investigated. This study compared the effect of the fruiting body and mycelium of A. camphorata on alleviating the Aβ40-induced neurocytotoxicity in the in vitro Aβ-damaged neuron cell model (PC-12 cell treated with Aβ40) and memory impairment in the in vivo AD animal model induced with a continuous brain infusion of Aβ40. In the results of in vitro and in vivo studies, the fruiting body possessed stronger anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory abilities for inhibiting neurocytotoxicity in Aβ40-treated PC-12 cells and Aβ40 accumulation in Aβ40-infused brain than mycelium. Moreover, hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) protein expression, known as an important AD risk factor, was suppressed by the treatment of fruiting body rather than that of mycelium in the in vitro and in vivo studies. These comparisons supported the reasons why the fruiting body resulted in a more significant improvement effect on working memory ability than mycelium in the AD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chun Wang
- Continuing Education School, National Taitung Junior College, Taitung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Phytochemical characteristics, free radical scavenging activities, and neuroprotection of five medicinal plant extracts. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2012:984295. [PMID: 21845204 PMCID: PMC3154576 DOI: 10.1155/2012/984295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine phytochemical characteristics, chemiluminescence antioxidant capacities, and neuroprotective effects on PC12 cells for methanol extracts of Spatholobus suberectus, Uncaria rhynchophylla, Alpinia officinarum, Drynaria fortunei, and Crataegus pinnatifida. The C. pinnatifida extract (CPE) afforded the greatest yield and total phenolic content. The S. suberectus extract (SSE) yielded the greatest total flavonoid content. The U. rhynchophylla extract (URE) produced the greatest total tannin content, and the A. officinarum extract (AOE) produced the greatest total triterpenoid content. The D. fortunei extract, assayed using horseradish peroxidase-luminol-hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and AOE using pyrogallol-luminol assay each exhibited better antioxidant activity than the L-ascorbic acid and 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid did. The CPE, SSE, and URE presented neurogrowth effects and neuroprotective activities on H2O2-induced PC12 cell death at 0.5–5.0 μg/mL. The CPE represents a promising medicinal plant source for the treatment of H2O2-induced neurodegenerative disease, because of its useful phytochemical characteristics.
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Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Neuroprotective Effect of Terminalia chebula Retzius Extracts. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2012:125247. [PMID: 21754945 PMCID: PMC3132459 DOI: 10.1155/2012/125247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine phytochemical compositions, chemiluminescence antioxidant activities, and neuroprotective effects on PC12 cells for water, methanol, and 95% ethanol extracts of the air-dried fruit of Terminalia chebula Retzius. The water extract afforded the greatest yield, and total phenolic and tannin content. The methanol extract yielded the greatest total triterpenoid content. Based on four chemiluminescence antioxidant assays, the three extracts showed various degrees of antioxidant activity. The methanol extract showed good antioxidant activity based on the horseradish peroxidase-luminol-hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) assay. The water extract appeared to have good antioxidant activities in cupric sulfate-Phen-Vc-H2O2 and luminol-H2O2 assays. Pyrogallol-luminol assay showed the 95% ethanol extract to have good antioxidant activity. The methanol and water extracts presented neuroprotective activities on H2O2-induced PC12 cell death at 0.5–5.0 μg/mL. Further investigations are necessary to verify these activities in vivo.
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Choi SJ, Lee JH, Heo HJ, Cho HY, Kim HK, Kim CJ, Kim MO, Suh SH, Shin DH. Punica granatum protects against oxidative stress in PC12 cells and oxidative stress-induced Alzheimer's symptoms in mice. J Med Food 2011; 14:695-701. [PMID: 21631359 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2010.1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive degenerative brain disorder that is characterized by neuronal loss, neurofibrillary tangles, and the abnormal deposition of senile plaque and amyloid β peptide (Aβ). The brains of AD patients are under intense oxidative stress. The overproduction of Aβ leads to Aβ-associated free radical oxidative stress. In this study, the antioxidative and neuronal protective effects of Punica granatum extract were investigated against oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. The ethanol extracts of P. granatum protected PC12 cells from hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction assays revealed a significant increase in cell viability when oxidatively stressed PC12 cells were treated with the P. granatum extract. To examine the effects of P. granatum on Aβ₁₋₄₂-induced learning and memory impairment in mice, in vivo behavioral tests were performed. Treatment with the extract of P. granatum increased step-through latency in mice injected with Aβ₁₋₄₂. The results of this study suggest that the ethanol extract of P. granatum mitigated H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress in PC12 cells. In addition, the extract inhibited neuronal cell death caused by Aβ-induced oxidative stress and Aβ-induced learning and memory deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jung Choi
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Kim JK, Choi SJ, Cho HY, Kim YJ, Lim ST, Kim CJ, Kim EK, Kim HK, Peterson S, Shin DH. Ipomoea batatas attenuates amyloid β peptide-induced neurotoxicity in ICR mice. J Med Food 2010; 14:304-9. [PMID: 21142943 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2010.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the protective effects of 17 Korean native plants against amyloid β peptide (Aβ)-induced oxidative stress were screened using the 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate assay and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Ipomoea batatas exerted the highest protective effects against oxidative stress and was selected for further investigation. To confirm the protective activity of this extract, the I. batatas extract was fed to ICR mice that had been injected with Aβ to induce neuronal deficits. In these experiments, the extract of I. batatas significantly reversed Aβ-induced neurotoxicity as assessed by the passive avoidance test, a behavioral experiment. Moreover, I. batatas administration reduced the level of lipid peroxidation and increased catalase activities in biochemical studies using the brain tissue of mice. These results indicate that I. batatas might be beneficial against Alzheimer's disease, especially by limiting oxidative stress in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kyeom Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ho CC, Kumaran A, Hwang LS. Bio-assay guided isolation and identification of anti-Alzheimer active compounds from the root of Angelica sinensis. Food Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Jung Choi S, Kim MJ, Jin Heo H, Kim JK, Jin Jun W, Kim HK, Kim EK, Ok Kim M, Yon Cho H, Hwang HJ, Jun Kim Y, Shin DH. Ameliorative effect of 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid dinonyl ester against amyloid beta peptide-induced neurotoxicity. Amyloid 2009; 16:15-24. [PMID: 19291510 DOI: 10.1080/13506120802676997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid beta peptide (Abeta)-induced oxidative stress may be linked to neurodegenerative disease. Ethanol extracts of Rosa laevigata protected PC12 cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) reduction assays revealed a significant increase in cell viability when oxidatively stressed PC12 cells were treated with R. laevigata extract. The effect of R. laevigata on oxidative stress-induced cell death was further investigated by lactate dehydrogenase release assays and trypan blue exclusion assays. Administration of 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid dinonyl ester from R. laevigata extract to mice infused with Abeta significantly reversed learning and memory impairment in behavioural tests. After behavioural testing, the mice were sacrificed and brains were collected for the examination of lipid peroxidation, catalase activity and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity. These results suggest that 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid dinonyl ester from R. laevigata extract may be able to reduce Abeta-induced neurotoxicity, possibly by reducing oxidative stress. Therefore, R. laevigata extract may be useful for the prevention of oxidative stress-induced neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jung Choi
- Department of Food Technology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Abeta mediated diminution of MTT reduction--an artefact of single cell culture? PLoS One 2008; 3:e3236. [PMID: 18800168 PMCID: PMC2529401 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) reduction assay is a frequently used and easily reproducible method to measure beta-amyloid (Abeta) toxicity in different types of single cell culture. To our knowledge, the influence of Abeta on MTT reduction has never been tested in more complex tissue. Initially, we reproduced the disturbed MTT reduction in neuron and astroglia primary cell cultures from rats as well as in the BV2 microglia cell line, utilizing four different Abeta species, namely freshly dissolved Abeta (25-35), fibrillar Abeta (1-40), oligomeric Abeta (1-42) and oligomeric Abeta (1-40). In contrast to the findings in single cell cultures, none of these Abeta species altered MTT reduction in rat organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHC). Moreover, application of Abeta to acutely isolated hippocampal slices from adult rats and in vivo intracerebroventricular injection of Abeta also did not influence the MTT reduction in the respective tissue. Failure of Abeta penetration into the tissue cannot explain the differences between single cells and the more complex brain tissue. Thus electrophysiological investigations disclosed an impairment of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 region of hippocampal slices from rat by application of oligomeric Abeta (1-40), but not by freshly dissolved Abeta (25-35) or fibrillar Abeta (1-40). In conclusion, the experiments revealed a glaring discrepancy between single cell cultures and complex brain tissue regarding the effect of different Abeta species on MTT reduction. Particularly, the differential effect of oligomeric versus other Abeta forms on LTP was not reflected in the MTT reduction assay. This may indicate that the Abeta oligomer effect on synaptic function reflected by LTP impairment precedes changes in formazane formation rate or that cells embedded in a more natural environment in the tissue are less susceptible to damage by Abeta, raising cautions against the consideration of single cell MTT reduction activity as a reliable assay in Alzheimer's drug discovery studies.
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Lee CL, Kuo TF, Wang JJ, Pan TM. Red mold rice ameliorates impairment of memory and learning ability in intracerebroventricular amyloid β-infused rat by repressing amyloid β accumulation. J Neurosci Res 2007; 85:3171-82. [PMID: 17663476 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.21428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid beta (Abeta) peptide related to the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) damaged neurons and further resulted in dementia. Monascus-fermented red mold rice (RMR), a traditional Chinese medicine as well as health food, includes monacolins (with the same function as statins) and multifunctional metabolites. In this study, ethanol extract of RMR (RE) was used to evaluate neuroprotection against Abeta40 neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. Furthermore, the effects of dietary administration of RMR on memory and learning abilities are confirmed in an animal model of AD rats infused with Abeta40 into the cerebral ventricle. During continuous Abeta40 infusion for 28 days, the rats of test groups were administered RMR or lovastatin. Memory and learning abilities were evaluated in the water maze and passive avoidance tasks. After sacrifice, cerebral cortex and hippocampus were collected for the examination of AD risk factors. The in vitro results clearly indicate that RE provides stronger neuroprotection in rescuing cell viability as well as repressing inflammatory response and oxidative stress. RMR administration potently reverses the memory deficit in the memory task. Abeta40 infusion increases acetylcholinesterase activity, reactive oxygen species, and lipid peroxidation and decreases total antioxidant status and superoxide dismutase activity in brain, but these damages were potently reversed by RMR administration, and the protection was more significant than that with lovastatin administration. The protection provided by RMR is able to prevent Abeta fibrils from being formed and deposited in hippocampus and further decrease Abeta40 accumulation, even though Abeta40 solution was infused into brain continuously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lin Lee
- Institute of Microbiology and Biochemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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