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Panza F, Dibello V, Sardone R, Castellana F, Zupo R, Lampignano L, Bortone I, Stallone R, Cirillo N, Damiani C, Altamura M, Bellomo A, Daniele A, Solfrizzi V, Lozupone M. Clinical development of passive tau-based immunotherapeutics for treating primary and secondary tauopathies. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2023; 32:625-634. [PMID: 37405389 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2233892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tauopathies are clinicopathological entities with increased and pathological deposition in glia and/or neurons of hyperphosphorylated aggregates of the microtubule-binding protein tau. In secondary tauopathies, i.e. Alzheimer's disease (AD), tau deposition can be observed, but tau coexists with another protein (amyloid-β). In the last 20 years, little progress has been made in developing disease-modifying drugs for primary and secondary tauopathies and available symptomatic drugs have limited efficacy. AREAS COVERED The present review summarized recent advances about the development and challenges in treatments for primary and secondary tauopathies, with a focus on passive tau-based immunotherapy. EXPERT OPINION Several tau-targeted passive immunotherapeutics are in development for treating tauopathies. At present, 14 anti-tau antibodies have entered clinical trials, and 9 of them are still in clinical testing for progressive supranuclear palsy syndrome and AD (semorinemab, bepranemab, E2814, JNJ-63733657, Lu AF87908, APNmAb005, MK-2214, PNT00, and PRX005). However, none of these nine agents have reached Phase III. The most advanced anti-tau monoclonal antibody for treating AD is semorinemab, while bepranemab is the only anti-tau monoclonal antibody still in clinical testing for treating progressive supranuclear palsy syndrome. Further evidence on passive immunotherapeutics for treating primary and secondary tauopathies will come from ongoing Phase I/II trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Panza
- Dipartimento Interdisciplinare di Medicina, Clinica Medica E Geriatria "Cesare Frugoni", University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Vittorio Dibello
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rodolfo Sardone
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
- Local Healthcare Authority of Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - Fabio Castellana
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Zupo
- Dipartimento Interdisciplinare di Medicina, Clinica Medica E Geriatria "Cesare Frugoni", University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Lampignano
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bortone
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Stallone
- Neuroscience and Education, Human Resources Excellence in Research, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Cirillo
- Dipartimento Interdisciplinare di Medicina, Clinica Medica E Geriatria "Cesare Frugoni", University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Christian Damiani
- Dipartimento Interdisciplinare di Medicina, Clinica Medica E Geriatria "Cesare Frugoni", University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Mario Altamura
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonello Bellomo
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Daniele
- Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Solfrizzi
- Dipartimento Interdisciplinare di Medicina, Clinica Medica E Geriatria "Cesare Frugoni", University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Madia Lozupone
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience "DiBrain", University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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Olfati N, Ghodsi H, Bayram E, Litvan I. Why Therapeutic Trials Fail in Primary Tauopathies. Mov Disord 2023; 38:545-550. [PMID: 36670054 PMCID: PMC10398638 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Olfati
- Parkinson and Other Movement Disorders Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hamidreza Ghodsi
- Parkinson and Other Movement Disorders Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ece Bayram
- Parkinson and Other Movement Disorders Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Irene Litvan
- Parkinson and Other Movement Disorders Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Role of Tau in Various Tauopathies, Treatment Approaches, and Emerging Role of Nanotechnology in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:1690-1720. [PMID: 36562884 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03164-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A few protein kinases and phosphatases regulate tau protein phosphorylation and an imbalance in their enzyme activity results in tau hyper-phosphorylation. Aberrant tau phosphorylation causes tau to dissociate from the microtubules and clump together in the cytosol to form neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which lead to the progression of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies. Hence, targeting hyperphosphorylated tau protein is a restorative approach for treating neurodegenerative tauopathies. The cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk5) and the glycogen synthase kinase (GSK3β) have both been implicated in aberrant tau hyperphosphorylation. The limited transport of drugs through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) for reaching the central nervous system (CNS) thus represents a significant problem in the development of drugs. Drug delivery systems based on nanocarriers help solve this problem. In this review, we discuss the tau protein, regulation of tau phosphorylation and abnormal hyperphosphorylation, drugs in use or under clinical trials, and treatment strategies for tauopathies based on the critical role of tau hyperphosphorylation in the pathogenesis of the disease. Pathology of neurodegenerative disease due to hyperphosphorylation and various therapeutic approaches including nanotechnology for its treatment.
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Panza F, Solfrizzi V, Daniele A, Lozupone M. Passive tau-based immunotherapy for tauopathies. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 196:611-619. [PMID: 37620094 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-98817-9.00029-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Tauopathies are heterogeneous clinicopathological entities characterized by abnormal neuronal and/or glial inclusions of the microtubule-binding protein tau. In secondary tauopathies, i.e., Alzheimer's disease (AD), tau deposition can be observed, but tau may coexist with another protein, i.e., amyloid-β. In the last 20 years, little progress has been made in developing disease-modifying drugs for primary and secondary tauopathies and available symptomatic drugs have limited efficacy. Treatments are being developed to interfere with the aggregation process or to promote the clearance of tau protein. Several tau-targeted passive immunotherapy approaches are in development for treating tauopathies. At present, 12 anti-tau antibodies have entered clinical trials, and 7 of them are still in clinical testing for primary tauopathies and AD (semorinemab, bepranemab, E2814, JNJ-63733657, Lu AF87908, PNT00, and APNmAb005). However, none of these seven agents have reached Phase III. The most advanced anti-tau monoclonal antibody for treating AD is semorinemab, while bepranemab is the only anti-tau monoclonal antibody still in clinical testing for treating progressive supranuclear palsy syndrome. Two other anti-tau monoclonal antibodies have been discontinued for the treatment of primary tauopathies, i.e., gosuranemab and tilavonemab. Further evidence will come from ongoing Phase I/II trials on passive immunotherapeutics for treating primary and secondary tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Panza
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Solfrizzi
- "Cesare Frugoni" Internal and Geriatric Medicine and Memory Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Daniele
- Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Neurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Madia Lozupone
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBrain), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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Olfati N, Shoeibi A, Litvan I. Clinical Spectrum of Tauopathies. Front Neurol 2022; 13:944806. [PMID: 35911892 PMCID: PMC9329580 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.944806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tauopathies are both clinical and pathological heterogeneous disorders characterized by neuronal and/or glial accumulation of misfolded tau protein. It is now well understood that every pathologic tauopathy may present with various clinical phenotypes based on the primary site of involvement and the spread and distribution of the pathology in the nervous system making clinicopathological correlation more and more challenging. The clinical spectrum of tauopathies includes syndromes with a strong association with an underlying primary tauopathy, including Richardson syndrome (RS), corticobasal syndrome (CBS), non-fluent agrammatic primary progressive aphasia (nfaPPA)/apraxia of speech, pure akinesia with gait freezing (PAGF), and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), or weak association with an underlying primary tauopathy, including Parkinsonian syndrome, late-onset cerebellar ataxia, primary lateral sclerosis, semantic variant PPA (svPPA), and amnestic syndrome. Here, we discuss clinical syndromes associated with various primary tauopathies and their distinguishing clinical features and new biomarkers becoming available to improve in vivo diagnosis. Although the typical phenotypic clinical presentations lead us to suspect specific underlying pathologies, it is still challenging to differentiate pathology accurately based on clinical findings due to large phenotypic overlaps. Larger pathology-confirmed studies to validate the use of different biomarkers and prospective longitudinal cohorts evaluating detailed clinical, biofluid, and imaging protocols in subjects presenting with heterogenous phenotypes reflecting a variety of suspected underlying pathologies are fundamental for a better understanding of the clinicopathological correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Olfati
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- UC San Diego Department of Neurosciences, Parkinson and Other Movement Disorder Center, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ali Shoeibi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Irene Litvan
- UC San Diego Department of Neurosciences, Parkinson and Other Movement Disorder Center, San Diego, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Irene Litvan
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Kimura T, Ono M, Seki C, Sampei K, Shimojo M, Kawamura K, Zhang MR, Sahara N, Takado Y, Higuchi M. A quantitative in vivo imaging platform for tracking pathological tau depositions and resultant neuronal death in a mouse model. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 49:4298-4311. [PMID: 35798978 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05898-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Depositions of tau fibrils are implicated in diverse neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, and precise assessments of tau pathologies and their impacts on neuronal survival are crucial for pursuing the neurodegenerative tau pathogenesis with and without potential therapies. We aimed to establish an in vivo imaging system to quantify tau accumulations with positron emission tomography (PET) and brain atrophy with volumetric MRI in rTg4510 transgenic mice modeling neurodegenerative tauopathies. METHODS A total of 91 rTg4510 and non-transgenic control mice underwent PET with a tau radiotracer, 18F-PM-PBB3, and MRI at various ages (1.8-12.3 months). Using the cerebellum as reference, the radiotracer binding in target regions was estimated as standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) and distribution volume ratio (DVR). Histopathological staining of brain sections derived from scanned animals was also conducted to investigate the imaging-neuropathology correlations. RESULTS 18F-PM-PBB3 SUVR at 40-60 min in the neocortex, hippocampus, and striatum of rTg4510 mice agreed with DVR, became significantly different from control values around 4-5 months of age, and progressively and negatively correlated with age and local volumes, respectively. Neocortical SUVR also correlated with the abundance of tau inclusions labeled with PM-PBB3 fluorescence, Gallyas-Braak silver impregnation, and anti-phospho-tau antibodies in postmortem assays. The in vivo and ex vivo 18F-PM-PBB3 binding was blocked by non-radioactive PM-PBB3. 18F-PM-PBB3 yielded a 1.6-fold greater dynamic range for tau imaging than its ancestor, 11C-PBB3. CONCLUSION Our imaging platform has enabled the quantification of tau depositions and consequent neuronal loss and is potentially applicable to the evaluation of candidate anti-tau and neuroprotective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeko Kimura
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Maiko Ono
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Chie Seki
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Sampei
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masafumi Shimojo
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kawamura
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Naruhiko Sahara
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yuhei Takado
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
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Przewodowska D, Marzec W, Madetko N. Novel Therapies for Parkinsonian Syndromes-Recent Progress and Future Perspectives. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:720220. [PMID: 34512258 PMCID: PMC8427499 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.720220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Atypical parkinsonian syndromes are rare, fatal neurodegenerative diseases associated with abnormal protein accumulation in the brain. Examples of these syndromes include progressive supranuclear palsy, multiple system atrophy, and corticobasal degeneration. A common clinical feature in parkinsonism is a limited improvement with levodopa. So far, there are no disease-modifying treatments to address these conditions, and therapy is only limited to the alleviation of symptoms. Diagnosis is devastating for patients, as prognosis is extremely poor, and the disease tends to progress rapidly. Currently, potential causes and neuropathological mechanisms involved in these diseases are being widely investigated. Objectives: The goal of this review is to summarize recent advances and gather emerging disease-modifying therapies that could slow the progression of atypical parkinsonian syndromes. Methods: PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched regarding novel perspectives for atypical parkinsonism treatment. The following medical subject headings were used: "atypical parkinsonian syndromes-therapy," "treatment of atypical parkinsonian syndromes," "atypical parkinsonian syndromes-clinical trial," "therapy of tauopathy," "alpha-synucleinopathy treatment," "PSP therapy/treatment," "CBD therapy/treatment," "MSA therapy/treatment," and "atypical parkinsonian syndromes-disease modifying." All search results were manually reviewed prior to inclusion in this review. Results: Neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, microglia activation, proteasomal impairment, and oxidative stress play a role in the neurodegenerative process. Ongoing studies and clinical trials target these components in order to suppress toxic protein accumulation. Various approaches such as stem cell therapy, anti-aggregation/anti-phosphorylation agent administration, or usage of active and passive immunization appear to have promising results. Conclusion: Presently, disease-modifying strategies for atypical parkinsonian syndromes are being actively explored, with encouraging preliminary results. This leads to an assumption that developing accurate, safe, and progression-halting treatment is not far off. Nevertheless, the further investigation remains necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Przewodowska
- Students' Scientific Association of the Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Weronika Marzec
- Students' Scientific Association of the Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Madetko
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Safety and efficacy of anti-tau monoclonal antibody gosuranemab in progressive supranuclear palsy: a phase 2, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Nat Med 2021; 27:1451-1457. [PMID: 34385707 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01455-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 52-week study (no. NCT03068468) evaluated gosuranemab, an anti-tau monoclonal antibody, in the treatment of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). In total, 486 participants dosed were assigned to either gosuranemab (n = 321) or placebo (n = 165). Efficacy was not demonstrated on adjusted mean change of PSP Rating Scale score at week 52 between gosuranemab and placebo (10.4 versus 10.6, P = 0.85, primary endpoint), or at secondary endpoints, resulting in discontinuation of the open-label, long-term extension. Unbound N-terminal tau in cerebrospinal fluid decreased by 98% with gosuranemab and increased by 11% with placebo (P < 0.0001). Incidences of adverse events and deaths were similar between groups. This well-powered study suggests that N-terminal tau neutralization does not translate into clinical efficacy.
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Overview of the Assays to Probe O-Linked β- N-Acetylglucosamine Transferase Binding and Activity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26041037. [PMID: 33669256 PMCID: PMC7920051 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a posttranslational modification that occurs at serine and threonine residues of protein substrates by the addition of O-linked β-d-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) moiety. Two enzymes are involved in this modification: O-GlcNac transferase (OGT), which attaches the GlcNAc residue to the protein substrate, and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), which removes it. This biological balance is important for many biological processes, such as protein expression, cell apoptosis, and regulation of enzyme activity. The extent of this modification has sparked interest in the medical community to explore OGA and OGT as therapeutic targets, particularly in degenerative diseases. While some OGA inhibitors are already in phase 1 clinical trials for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, OGT inhibitors still have a long way to go. Due to complex expression and instability, the discovery of potent OGT inhibitors is challenging. Over the years, the field has grappled with this problem, and scientists have developed a number of techniques and assays. In this review, we aim to highlight assays and techniques for OGT inhibitor discovery, evaluate their strength for the field, and give us direction for future bioassay methods.
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Tagai K, Ono M, Kubota M, Kitamura S, Takahata K, Seki C, Takado Y, Shinotoh H, Sano Y, Yamamoto Y, Matsuoka K, Takuwa H, Shimojo M, Takahashi M, Kawamura K, Kikuchi T, Okada M, Akiyama H, Suzuki H, Onaya M, Takeda T, Arai K, Arai N, Araki N, Saito Y, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY, Mishra SK, Yamaguchi Y, Kimura Y, Ichise M, Tomita Y, Zhang MR, Suhara T, Shigeta M, Sahara N, Higuchi M, Shimada H. High-Contrast In Vivo Imaging of Tau Pathologies in Alzheimer's and Non-Alzheimer's Disease Tauopathies. Neuron 2020; 109:42-58.e8. [PMID: 33125873 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A panel of radiochemicals has enabled in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) of tau pathologies in Alzheimer's disease (AD), although sensitive detection of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) tau inclusions has been unsuccessful. Here, we generated an imaging probe, PM-PBB3, for capturing diverse tau deposits. In vitro assays demonstrated the reactivity of this compound with tau pathologies in AD and FTLD. We could also utilize PM-PBB3 for optical/PET imaging of a living murine tauopathy model. A subsequent clinical PET study revealed increased binding of 18F-PM-PBB3 in diseased patients, reflecting cortical-dominant AD and subcortical-dominant progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) tau topologies. Notably, the in vivo reactivity of 18F-PM-PBB3 with FTLD tau inclusion was strongly supported by neuropathological examinations of brains derived from Pick's disease, PSP, and corticobasal degeneration patients who underwent PET scans. Finally, visual inspection of 18F-PM-PBB3-PET images was indicated to facilitate individually based identification of diverse clinical phenotypes of FTLD on a neuropathological basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Tagai
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Maiko Ono
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Manabu Kubota
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Soichiro Kitamura
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takahata
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-0016, Japan
| | - Chie Seki
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yuhei Takado
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Shinotoh
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Neurology Clinic Chiba, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yasunori Sano
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-0016, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Yamamoto
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-0016, Japan
| | - Kiwamu Matsuoka
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takuwa
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masafumi Shimojo
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Manami Takahashi
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kawamura
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kikuchi
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Maki Okada
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Akiyama
- Dementia Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Hisaomi Suzuki
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-0016, Japan; National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba 266-0007, Japan
| | - Mitsumoto Onaya
- National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba 266-0007, Japan
| | - Takahiro Takeda
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Chibahigashi National Hospital, Chiba 260-8712, Japan
| | - Kimihito Arai
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Chibahigashi National Hospital, Chiba 260-8712, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Arai
- Laboratory of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Araki
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Chibahigashi National Hospital, Chiba 260-8712, Japan
| | - Yuko Saito
- National Center of Neurology and Pathology Brain Bank, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research and Institute on Aging, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Virginia M Y Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research and Institute on Aging, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sushil K Mishra
- Glycoscience Group, National University of Ireland, Galway H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Physical Chemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kimura
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Clinical and Experimental Neuroimaging, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Masanori Ichise
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | | | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Suhara
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shigeta
- Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Naruhiko Sahara
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Shimada
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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VandeVrede L, Ljubenkov PA, Rojas JC, Welch AE, Boxer AL. Four-Repeat Tauopathies: Current Management and Future Treatments. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:1563-1581. [PMID: 32676851 PMCID: PMC7851277 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00888-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Four-repeat tauopathies are a neurodegenerative disease characterized by brain parenchymal accumulation of a specific isoform of the protein tau, which gives rise to a wide breadth of clinical syndromes encompassing diverse symptomatology, with the most common syndromes being progressive supranuclear palsy-Richardson's and corticobasal syndrome. Despite the lack of effective disease-modifying therapies, targeted treatment of symptoms can improve quality of life for patients with 4-repeat tauopathies. However, managing these symptoms can be a daunting task, even for those familiar with the diseases, as they span motor, sensory, cognitive, affective, autonomic, and behavioral domains. This review describes current approaches to symptomatic management of common clinical symptoms in 4-repeat tauopathies with a focus on practical patient management, including pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies, and concludes with a discussion of the history and future of disease-modifying therapeutics and clinical trials in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawren VandeVrede
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
| | - Peter A Ljubenkov
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Julio C Rojas
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ariane E Welch
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Chatham JC, Zhang J, Wende AR. Role of O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine Protein Modification in Cellular (Patho)Physiology. Physiol Rev 2020; 101:427-493. [PMID: 32730113 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00043.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the mid-1980s, the identification of serine and threonine residues on nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins modified by a N-acetylglucosamine moiety (O-GlcNAc) via an O-linkage overturned the widely held assumption that glycosylation only occurred in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and secretory pathways. In contrast to traditional glycosylation, the O-GlcNAc modification does not lead to complex, branched glycan structures and is rapidly cycled on and off proteins by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), respectively. Since its discovery, O-GlcNAcylation has been shown to contribute to numerous cellular functions, including signaling, protein localization and stability, transcription, chromatin remodeling, mitochondrial function, and cell survival. Dysregulation in O-GlcNAc cycling has been implicated in the progression of a wide range of diseases, such as diabetes, diabetic complications, cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. This review will outline our current understanding of the processes involved in regulating O-GlcNAc turnover, the role of O-GlcNAcylation in regulating cellular physiology, and how dysregulation in O-GlcNAc cycling contributes to pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Chatham
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Adam R Wende
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
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Forrest SL, Kril JJ, Halliday GM. Cellular and regional vulnerability in frontotemporal tauopathies. Acta Neuropathol 2019; 138:705-727. [PMID: 31203391 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-02035-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The frontotemporal tauopathies all deposit abnormal tau protein aggregates, but often of only certain isoforms and in distinguishing pathologies of five main types (neuronal Pick bodies, neurofibrillary tangles, astrocytic plaques, tufted astrocytes, globular glial inclusions and argyrophilic grains). In those with isoform specific tau aggregates glial pathologies are substantial, even though there is limited evidence that these cells normally produce tau protein. This review will assess the differentiating features and clinicopathological correlations of the frontotemporal tauopathies, the genetic predisposition for these different pathologies, their neuroanatomical selectivity, current observations on how they spread through the brain, and any potential contributing cellular and molecular changes. The findings show that diverse clinical phenotypes relate most to the brain region degenerating rather than the type of pathology involved, that different regions on the MAPT gene and novel risk genes are associated with specific tau pathologies, that the 4-repeat glial tauopathies do not follow individual patterns of spreading as identified for neuronal pathologies, and that genetic and pathological data indicate that neuroinflammatory mechanisms are involved. Each pathological frontotemporal tauopathy subtype with their distinct pathological features differ substantially in the cell type affected, morphology, biochemical and anatomical distribution of inclusions, a fundamental concept central to future success in understanding the disease mechanisms required for developing therapeutic interventions. Tau directed therapies targeting genetic mechanisms, tau aggregation and pathological spread are being trialled, although biomarkers that differentiate these diseases are required. Suggested areas of future research to address the regional and cellular vulnerabilities in frontotemporal tauopathies are discussed.
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Shoeibi A, Olfati N, Litvan I. Frontrunner in Translation: Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. Front Neurol 2019; 10:1125. [PMID: 31695675 PMCID: PMC6817677 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a four-repeat tau proteinopathy. Abnormal tau deposition is not unique for PSP and is the basic pathologic finding in some other neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), age-related tauopathy, frontotemporal degeneration, corticobasal degeneration, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. While AD research has mostly been focused on amyloid beta pathology until recently, PSP as a prototype of a primary tauopathy with high clinical-pathologic correlation and a rapid course is a crucial candidate for tau therapeutic research. Several novel approaches to slow disease progression are being developed. It is expected that the benefits of translational research in this disease will extend beyond the PSP population. This article reviews advances in the diagnosis, epidemiology, pathology, hypothesized etiopathogenesis, and biomarkers and disease-modifying therapeutic approaches of PSP that is leading it to become a frontrunner in translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shoeibi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nahid Olfati
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Irene Litvan
- UC San Diego Department of Neurosciences, Parkinson and Other Movement Disorder Center, La Jolla, CA, United States
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Stamelou M, Giagkou N, Höglinger GU. One decade ago, one decade ahead in progressive supranuclear palsy. Mov Disord 2019; 34:1284-1293. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.27788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stamelou
- Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders DepartmentHYGEIA Hospital Athens Greece
- Neurology ClinicPhilipps University Marburg Germany
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginiteion HospitalUniversity of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Nikolaos Giagkou
- Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders DepartmentHYGEIA Hospital Athens Greece
| | - Günter U Höglinger
- Department of NeurologyTechnische Universität München Munich Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Giagkou
- Parkinson’s disease and Movement Disorders Department, Hygeia Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Stamelou
- Parkinson’s disease and Movement Disorders Department, Hygeia Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Neurology Clinic, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
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Panza F, Imbimbo BP, Lozupone M, Greco A, Seripa D, Logroscino G, Daniele A, Colosimo C. Disease-modifying therapies for tauopathies: agents in the pipeline. Expert Rev Neurother 2019; 19:397-408. [PMID: 30973276 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2019.1606715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tauopathies are heterogeneous clinicopathological entities characterized by abnormal neuronal and/or glial inclusions of the microtubule-binding protein tau. Primary tauopathies considered to be diseases correspond to a major class of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) neuropathology (FTLD-Tau), including several forms of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) clinical syndromes. Little progress has been made in the past 20 years in developing effective disease-modifying drugs for primary tauopathies and available symptomatic treatments have limited efficacy. Areas covered: Potential disease-modifying drugs in clinical development to slow neuropathological progression of primary tauopathies. Expert opinion: Since the underlying pathology of primary tauopathies consists of abnormal tau protein aggregates, treatments are being developed to interfere with the aggregation process or to promote the clearance of this protein. Unfortunately, disease-modifying treatments remain years away as demonstrated by the recent negative Phase III findings of a tau aggregation inhibitor (LMTM) for treating the behavioral variant of FTD. Further evidence will come from ongoing Phase I/II trials on novel drugs and immunotherapeutics with various targets - prevention of deposition or removal of tau aggregates, inhibition of tau phosphorylation/acetylation, modulation of O-GlcNAcylation, activation of autophagy or ubiquitin-proteasome system pathways, and rescue of selected tau loss of function or suppression of tau gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Panza
- a Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs , University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy.,b Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain , University of Bari "Aldo Moro", "Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico" , Lecce , Italy.,c Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS , "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" , Foggia , Italy
| | - Bruno P Imbimbo
- d Department of Research and Development , Chiesi Farmaceutici , Parma , Italy
| | - Madia Lozupone
- a Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs , University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- c Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS , "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" , Foggia , Italy
| | - Davide Seripa
- c Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS , "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" , Foggia , Italy
| | - Giancarlo Logroscino
- a Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs , University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy.,b Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain , University of Bari "Aldo Moro", "Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico" , Lecce , Italy
| | - Antonio Daniele
- e Institute of Neurology , Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy.,f Institute of Neurology , Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS , Rome , Italy
| | - Carlo Colosimo
- g Department of Neurological Sciences , Santa Maria University Hospital , Terni , Italy
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Olfati N, Shoeibi A, Litvan I. Progress in the treatment of Parkinson-Plus syndromes. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2019; 59:101-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Differential diagnosis of atypical Parkinson syndromes (APS) is difficult as clinical presentations may vary and as there is a strong overlap between disease entities. Aggregations of misfolded and hyperphosphorylated tau proteins are the common denominator of many of these diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Several tau targeting positron emission tomography (PET) tracers have been evaluated as possible biomarkers in APS in the recent years. For Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration, promising results have been reported with regard to the ability to detect the presence of disease and to discriminate patients from controls. However, the discussion about the specificity of the first-generation radiotracers and their value in the clinical context is ongoing. A combined interpretation of signal strength and distribution pattern in PET scans with first- and second-generation tracers may be helpful in clinical diagnosis and follow-up of patients with APS.
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