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Miranda PIG, Silva Júnior FJGD, Sales JCES, Parente ADCM, Costa APC, Monteiro CFDS. COVID-19 pandemic and suicidal behavior in adults: systematic review of observational studies. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2024; 45:e20230195. [PMID: 39166603 DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2024.20230195.en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the scientific evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicidal behavior in adults. METHOD Systematic review, conducted from June to October 2022, in the following databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, Virtual Health Library, Excerpta Medica database, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar. The selection, data extraction and assessment of methodological quality were carried out using the Methodological Index for Non-randomized Studies tool. Considering that most of the studies evaluated had significant methodological differences, it was decided to carry out a qualitative synthesis of the data. RESULTS A total of 2112 articles were found, from which eight articles were selected that analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicidal behavior in adults. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the suicidal behavior in adults worldwide, especially when related to race, gender, age, religion, socioeconomic, family and legal issues, and pre-existing mental disorders, leading to a greater propensity for suicidal act.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Ingrid Gomes Miranda
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Escola de Enfermagem Anna Nery. Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Ana Paula Cardoso Costa
- Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI). Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Teresina, Piauí, Brasil
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Chan JK, Marzuki AA, Vafa S, Thanaraju A, Yap J, Chan XW, Harris HA, Todi K, Schaefer A. A systematic review on the relationship between socioeconomic conditions and emotional disorder symptoms during Covid-19: unearthing the potential role of economic concerns and financial strain. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:237. [PMID: 38671542 PMCID: PMC11046828 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01715-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Covid-19 has disrupted the lives of many and resulted in high prevalence rates of mental disorders. Despite a vast amount of research into the social determinants of mental health during Covid-19, little is known about whether the results are consistent with the social gradient in mental health. Here we report a systematic review of studies that investigated how socioeconomic condition (SEC)-a multifaceted construct that measures a person's socioeconomic standing in society, using indicators such as education and income, predicts emotional health (depression and anxiety) risk during the pandemic. Furthermore, we examined which classes of SEC indicators would best predict symptoms of emotional disorders. METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted search over six databases, including Scopus, PubMed, etc., between November 4, 2021 and November 11, 2021 for studies that investigated how SEC indicators predict emotional health risks during Covid-19, after obtaining approval from PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021288508). Using Covidence as the platform, 362 articles (324 cross-sectional/repeated cross-sectional and 38 longitudinal) were included in this review according to the eligibility criteria. We categorized SEC indicators into 'actual versus perceived' and 'static versus fluid' classes to explore their differential effects on emotional health. RESULTS Out of the 1479 SEC indicators used in these 362 studies, our results showed that 43.68% of the SEC indicators showed 'expected' results (i.e., higher SEC predicting better emotional health outcomes); 51.86% reported non-significant results and 4.46% reported the reverse. Economic concerns (67.16% expected results) and financial strains (64.16%) emerged as the best predictors while education (26.85%) and living conditions (30.14%) were the worst. CONCLUSIONS This review summarizes how different SEC indicators influenced emotional health risks across 98 countries, with a total of 5,677,007 participants, ranging from high to low-income countries. Our findings showed that not all SEC indicators were strongly predictive of emotional health risks. In fact, over half of the SEC indicators studied showed a null effect. We found that perceived and fluid SEC indicators, particularly economic concerns and financial strain could best predict depressive and anxiety symptoms. These findings have implications for policymakers to further understand how different SEC classes affect mental health during a pandemic in order to tackle associated social issues effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Kei Chan
- Department of Psychology, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Sunway University Malaysia, Room: 4-4-11, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Aleya A Marzuki
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Samira Vafa
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Arjun Thanaraju
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Jie Yap
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Xiou Wen Chan
- Department of Psychology, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Hanis Atasha Harris
- Department of Psychology, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Khushi Todi
- Department of Psychology, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Alexandre Schaefer
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Segovia MS, Huseynov S, Palma MA, Nayga RM. The mental burden of stay-at-home order extensions during COVID-19. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4293. [PMID: 38383527 PMCID: PMC10881574 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54059-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the psychological impact of stay-at-home extension orders during COVID-19 and its relationship with individuals' expectations on the duration of the extensions. An online survey was administered to 1259 US adult residents to measure symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety and stress induced by different stay-at-home order extensions using hypothetical length scenarios. We find that individuals exposed to two 2-week order extensions exhibit higher levels of stress and anxiety compared to those exposed to a single 4-week extension. We also find that subjects with longer expected extensions exhibit more signs of psychological damage than those with shorter expected extensions. Furthermore, we find that the negative psychological consequences of providing two shorter extensions is observed only among subjects with extension expectations of four weeks or less. Our results demonstrate that people's expectations affect the level of psychological damage caused by lockdown mandates. Our findings suggest that whenever lockdown extensions are necessary, reduced psychological distress may be possible by implementing a one-time restriction, rather than extending multiple smaller extensions perhaps due to manipulation of personal expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S Segovia
- Department of Applied Economics and Statistics, University of Delaware, 204 Townsend Hall, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
| | - Samir Huseynov
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Auburn University, 202 Comer Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Marco A Palma
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas A&M University, 2124 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Rodolfo M Nayga
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas A&M University, 2124 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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Chu HS, Lee K. Depressive symptoms among people under COVID-19 quarantine or self-isolation in Korea: a propensity score matching analysis. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1255855. [PMID: 38164421 PMCID: PMC10757925 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1255855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aims to determine the effect of COVID-19-related hospital isolation or self-isolation on depression using the propensity score matching method. Methods Data on 217,734 participants were divided into groups based on whether or not they underwent quarantine for their COVID-19 diagnosis. COVID-19-related anxiety, depressive symptoms, subjective health status, and perceived stress were evaluated. Results Based on the calculated propensity score, we matched the quarantined group and non-quarantined group using 1:2 matching with nearest neighbor matching and a caliper width of 0.1. Within the quarantined group, 16.4% of participants experienced significant depressive symptoms, which was significantly higher than that of the non-quarantined group. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in COVID-19-related anxiety, self-rated health status, and perceived stress. In our multiple logistic regression analysis with related variables corrected, the quarantined group was 1.298 times more likely to have depressive symptoms than the non-quarantined group (95% CI = 1.030-1.634). Conclusion Our study confirmed that COVID-19 quarantine is associated with depressive symptoms. These results indicate that healthcare policymakers and healthcare professionals must consider the negative mental and physical effects of quarantine when determining quarantine measures during an infectious disease disaster such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Sik Chu
- College of Nursing, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kounseok Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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López Steinmetz LC, Godoy JC, Fong SB. A longitudinal study on depression and anxiety in college students during the first 106-days of the lengthy Argentinean quarantine for the COVID-19 pandemic. J Ment Health 2023; 32:1030-1039. [PMID: 34304678 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2021.1952952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Argentinean quarantine is among the strictest and longest quarantines in the world. To determine if a worsening pattern on mental health would emerge with a prolonged quarantine duration, a longitudinal analysis pertaining to the lengthy mandatory Argentinean quarantine was conducted. AIM To examine depression and anxiety changes in college students, as a function of quarantine duration, demographic and health-related factors, during successive time cuts of the lengthy mandatory quarantine in Argentina. METHODS We used a longitudinal design, N = 1492 college students. For the first measurement, successive samplings were carried out across quarantine sub-periods of up to 106-days duration. The follow-up was one month later. RESULTS Particularly women, young, and having a history of mental disorder and suicidal behavior, were more depressed and anxious under mandatory restrictive quarantine conditions. Repeated measures of both depression and anxiety scores remained constantly high during the more restrictive quarantine sub-periods of up to 13 and 53-days duration, and decreased during the less restrictive quarantine sub-period of up to 106-days duration, but with small effect sizes (0.10-0.08). CONCLUSIONS Restrictive quarantine has negative effects on mental health outcomes. Partial spontaneous remissions of depression and anxiety symptoms may be expected with further quarantine relaxations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Cecilia López Steinmetz
- Laboratorio de Psicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
- Decanato de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Siglo 21, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juan Carlos Godoy
- Laboratorio de Psicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
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Martin S, Oltra A, Del Monte J. Psychiatric and non-psychiatric population vulnerabilities in time of a crisis: the unsuspected aggression factor. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:386. [PMID: 37264352 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04843-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In March 2020, France faced a health crisis due to the COVID-19 outbreak that, like previous infectious disease crises, involved high psychological and emotional stress, a series of factors that influenced the ongoing mental health crisis. METHODS We recruited 384 respondents to complete an online questionnaire during the second month of isolation: 176 psychotherapy recipients (68 were currently attending psychiatric care) and 208 healthy controls. We measured demographic characteristics, impulsivity, aggression, hopelessness, suicidal risk, and the global level of anxiety and depression in order to estimate potential discrepancies in clinical measures across these populations. RESULTS Our results indicate that the group currently undergoing psychiatric care was prone to loneliness and social isolation. Regarding clinical and nonclinical population, there were differences in suicidal risk, depression, anxiety, and hopelessness but mainly in aggression. Regression analysis also demonstrated that aggression surprisingly influenced anxiety levels. Patients undergoing therapy compared with patients who were not displayed differences only in suicidal risk, anxiety, and hopelessness, with those undergoing therapy having higher scores. The outpatient group undergoing therapy had a significantly lower level of impulsivity. Moreover, the regression to predict anxiety and depression levels from correlated factors highlighted the potentially heightened role of aggression in predicting anxiety in the clinical group. CONCLUSION New research into stress reactions should assess other clinical signals, such as aggression, and examine preventive mental health interventions in times of crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Martin
- Center for Research and Bioethics, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, BMC, entrance A11, 75224, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Psycho.Tcce, Clinical psychology Private practice, Montpellier, France.
| | - Anna Oltra
- Clinical psychology Private practice, Toulouse, France
| | - Jonathan Del Monte
- Psychosocial Laboratory, Aix-Marseille University, Aix Marseille, France
- Clinical Psychology Department, Nîmes University, Nîmes, France
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Nahidi M, Ghalandarzadeh M, Sinichi F, Sahebzadeh N, Eslami S, Reihani H, Emadzadeh M, Fayyazi Bordbar MR. Investigating the psychological effects of home quarantine during the early peaks of the COVID-19 pandemic: a survey from Iran. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2023; 38:136-145. [PMID: 36730691 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We assessed psychological symptoms among individuals who were quarantined during early coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) peaks. This cross-sectional study was performed during April-October 2020 in Iran. We surveyed 100 individuals with COVID-19 patients in their families and 100 others with health conditions associated with a higher risk of developing critical forms of COVID-19 infection, who have completed at least 14 days of home quarantine. Validated Persian versions of the 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress and 22-item Impact of Event Scale-Revised were used to measure the symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress and distress. The rates of stress, anxiety, depression and quarantine-related distress were 46.5, 48.5, 57.0 and 80.5%, respectively; however, they were not significantly different between the contact and no-contact groups. Female sex and being unemployed were significantly associated with quarantine-related distress, P = 0.007 and P = 0.018, respectively. Independent risk factors for anxiety were a history of medical comorbidity ( P = 0.025) and contact with COVID-19 patients ( P = 0.007). Findings show high prevalence rates of psychological symptoms among quarantined individuals, regardless of whether they had contact with COVID-19 patients or not. Female sex and unemployment were risk factors for quarantine-related distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Nahidi
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Centers
| | | | | | | | - Saeid Eslami
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Karadayian A, Merlo A, Czerniczyniec A, Lores-Arnaiz S, Hendriksen PA, Kiani P, Bruce G, Verster JC. Alcohol Consumption, Hangovers, and Smoking among Buenos Aires University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Clin Med 2023; 12:1491. [PMID: 36836026 PMCID: PMC9962191 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In Argentina, the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic led to serious changes to social interaction, health, economy, and education. Argentina experienced two extensive lockdown periods. University education remained virtual for almost two academic years. The purpose of the present work was to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 lockdowns in Argentina on alcohol consumption, hangover severity and smoking among university students in Buenos Aires. A retrospective online survey was conducted in 2021 among students of the University of Buenos Aires. Participants aged 18-35 years old were asked about the average number of alcoholic drinks and number of drinking days per week, binge drinking occasions, drunkenness, next day hangover severity, number of hangovers per month, and smoking behavior. The results showed that the first and second COVID-19 lockdowns were associated with significant reductions in both weekly alcohol consumption, and hangover severity and subjective intoxication on their heaviest drinking occasions. Males consumed significantly more alcohol than females, and older students (25-35 years old) consumed more alcohol than younger students (18-24 years old). In addition, younger students reduced the number of cigarettes smoked per day during the two lockdown periods while older students exhibited significantly more smoking days per week. In conclusion, the present work in Argentinian students revealed a significant reduction in weekly alcohol consumption, and subjective intoxication and hangover severity on their heaviest drinking occasions during the pandemic lockdown periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analia Karadayian
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - Agnese Merlo
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Analia Czerniczyniec
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - Silvia Lores-Arnaiz
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - Pauline A. Hendriksen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pantea Kiani
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gillian Bruce
- Division of Psychology and Social Work, School of Education and Social Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Joris C. Verster
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
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Manrique-Millones D, García-Serna J, Castillo-Blanco R, Fernández-Ríos N, Lizarzaburu-Aguinaga DA, Parihuamán-Quinde GR, Villarreal-Zegarra D. When COVID-19 strikes mental health: a measurement analysis of reassurance seeking behavior scale in Peruvian population. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1132804. [PMID: 37138976 PMCID: PMC10151000 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1132804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The long-lasting impact of the COVID-19 pandemic cannot be overstated. To combat its dire consequences, some screening measures have been hastily developed and require robust verification to explore their adequacy across different groups. The present research study aimed to analyze measurement invariance by sociodemographic characteristics of the Coronavirus Reassurance Seeking Behavior Scale (CRSB) in Peruvian adults. Methods A total of 661 participants completed The Coronavirus Reassurance Seeking Behavior Scale (CRSB), the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), and sociodemographic information a subgroup filled in the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Reliability and measurement invariance across sociodemographic characteristics were analyzed. Likewise, associations with depression and dysfunctional coronavirus anxiety were examined. Results Results showed that the single factor structure of the CRSB with correlated errors fitted the data adequately and the instrument was invariant across gender, age, and loss of a significant relative to COVID-19. In addition, significant associations with depressive symptoms and dysfunctional anxiety were found. Conclusion The findings of the present study suggest that the Coronavirus Reassurance Seeking Behaviors Scale is invariant across different sociodemographic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisse Manrique-Millones
- Carrera de Psicología, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
- *Correspondence: Denisse Manrique-Millones,
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David Villarreal-Zegarra
- Instituto Peruano de Orientación Psicológica, Lima, Peru
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
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Delpino FM, da Silva CN, Jerônimo JS, Mulling ES, da Cunha LL, Weymar MK, Alt R, Caputo EL, Feter N. Prevalence of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis of over 2 million people. J Affect Disord 2022; 318:272-282. [PMID: 36096370 PMCID: PMC9462928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Uncertainty, disruptions in daily routines, and concerns for the health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic are likely associated with increases in generalized anxiety. The present study aimed to systematically review the literature in order to identify the update prevalence of anxiety in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis. It included studies that assessed the prevalence of anxiety among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS In total, we included 194 studies. The general prevalence of anxiety was 35.1 %, affecting approximately 851,000 participants. The prevalence in low and middle-income countries (35.1 %; 95%CI: 29.5 % to 41.0 %) was similar compared to high-income countries (34.7 %; 95%CI: 29.6 % to 40.1 %). In studies that provided the proportion of cases in each level of anxiety disorder, mild-to-moderate anxiety affected one quarter of the participants. One in ten cases with anxiety during the COVID-19 may be living with severe or extremely anxiety disorder. Most instruments estimated similar prevalence of anxiety disorders with notable difference in the prevalence estimated by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item (GAD-2), Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). CONCLUSION One in three adults were living with anxiety disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Mendes Delpino
- Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | | | - Jeferson Santos Jerônimo
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Eliete Stark Mulling
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Larissa Leal da Cunha
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marina Krause Weymar
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Alt
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Eduardo L. Caputo
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Natan Feter
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Hazan H, Chan CS. Indirect contact with nature, lifestyle, and mental health outcomes during mandatory hotel quarantine in Hong Kong. J Ment Health 2022:1-7. [PMID: 36382637 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2022.2140786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the pandemic of COVID-19 Hong Kong lead one of the world's longest and most stringent quarantine measures. AIMS To examine cross-sectionally (i) the relationship between the duration of mandatory hotel quarantine and mental health outcomes; (ii) whether indirect contact with nature and lifestyle factors (i.e. diet, sleep, exercises, social support, and sense of meaning), mitigated this relationship. METHODS A group of 248 participants under 14 or 21-d mandatory hotel quarantine in Hong Kong completed an online questionnaire that included quarantine and lifestyle-related questions, as well as mental health outcome measures. RESULTS For those under a 21-d quarantine, there was a significant effect of the week of quarantine on the level of depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-4), which peaked in Week 2. Worse quality of sleep, a lower sense of meaning, and a longer set (but not completed) duration of quarantine were predictors of worse mental health outcomes. The positive relationship between the day of quarantine and the level of perceived stress was moderated by the indirect contact with nature. CONCLUSION The results shed light on the potential negative impact of prolonged periods of quarantine on mental health outcomes and the possible protective factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Hazan
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Wlodarczyk A, Méndez L, Cusi O, Telletxea S, Mendia J, Briceño M, Delgado D, Balbontín F, Lecaros A, Páez D. Superordinate identities and self-transcendent emotions: Longitudinal study in Spain and Chile. Front Psychol 2022; 13:989850. [PMID: 36438344 PMCID: PMC9692013 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.989850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that identification with all humanity (IWAH), apart from being related to universalistic values, could also be related to self-transcendent emotions (STE). In this scenario, the general objective of this cross-cultural longitudinal study is to examine the relationship between identification with proximate categories (i.e., community and country) and superordinate one (all humanity), and their association with positive self-oriented and STEs during a traumatic global phenomenon such as COVID-19 pandemics. Additionally, we explore variations regarding the patterns of those associations in different cultural contexts (Chile and Spain) and examine whether they change among two different time points (T1-T2). The total sample was composed of 403 participants, of whom 224 were residents in Chile (M = 39.25, SD = 12.56; range 18-71 years; 49.6% women) and 179 were residents in Spain (M = 36.35, SD = 12.12; range 18-68 years; 59.8% women). Data collection was carried out in September (T1) and November (T2) 2020, through online surveys administered via Survey Monkey® platform. Overall, results show, as expected, greater identification with proximate categories rather than superordinate ones, and an association between STEs and IWAH, but also with national and community identification. IWAH, but not STEs decreased significantly (T1-T2) in both countries. Thereafter, these emotional and behavioral responses decline as a symptom of growing fatigue with the pandemic situation, and also reflect a shift from broader to more local concerns. Analysis regarding comparisons between countries indicated higher levels of identification with community and with all humanity in Spain and with country in Chile. The results are discussed in the context of new developments in studies on IWAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wlodarczyk
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Lander Méndez
- Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Olaia Cusi
- Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Saioa Telletxea
- Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jara Mendia
- Department of Basic Psychological Processes and Their Development, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Mauricio Briceño
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Daniela Delgado
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | | | - Alexandra Lecaros
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Darío Páez
- Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain
- PhD Programme in Education and Society, Faculty of Education and Social Sciences at Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago de Chile, Chile
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13
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The COLIBAS Study—COVID-19 Lockdown Effects on Mood, Academic Functioning, Alcohol Consumption, and Perceived Immune Fitness: Data from Buenos Aires University Students. DATA 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/data7090131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent study was conducted in the Netherlands to evaluate the impact of the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and its associated lockdown periods on academic functioning, mood, and health correlates such as alcohol consumption. The study revealed that lockdowns were associated with a significantly poorer mood and a reduced perceived immune fitness. Overall, a reduction was seen in alcohol consumption during the lockdown periods. Academic functioning in terms of performance was unaffected; however, a significant reduction in interactions with other students and teachers was reported. There was, however, great variability between students as follows: both an increase and a reduction in alcohol consumption were reported, as well as improvements and poorer academic functioning. The aim of the current online study was to replicate these findings in Argentina. To this extent, a modified version of the survey was conducted among students at the University of Buenos Aires, which was adapted to the local lockdown measures. The survey assessed possible changes in self-reported academic functioning, mood, and health correlates, such as alcohol consumption, perceived immune functioning, and sleep quality compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic. Retrospective assessments were made for four periods, including (1) the period before COVID-19, (2) the first lockdown period (March–December 2020), (3) summer 2021 (January-March 2021, no lockdown), and (4) the second lockdown (from April 2021 to July 2021). This article describes the content of the survey and the corresponding dataset. The survey was completed by 508 participants.
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Mashima Y, Koizumi T, Minegishi S, Miyakoshi M, Okada M, Ogyu K, Kusudo K, Kiyohara M, Kitada S, Koyanagi K, Suzuki H, Nozaki S, Oda A, Hirai S, Nakane J, Onaya M, Oda T, Koreki A. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with mental health problems and the differences among diagnostic categories. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:969-980. [PMID: 35652327 DOI: 10.1177/00207640221097509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in a total upending of our daily lives. While anxiety and depression were frequently reported among the general population, the pandemic's impact on patients with mental health problems remains unknown. METHODS A cross-sectional questionnaire survey involving 1,166 patients was conducted at one psychiatric hospital and one mental health clinic. RESULTS Symptom deterioration was reported in 23% to 34% of the patients and 9% to 20% reported increase in drug dosage. No significant differences were reported in these items among diagnostic categories. Patients with F3 (mood disorders) reported more psychological stress during the pandemic's beginning and during the emergency. Patients with F2 (schizophrenia, schizotypal, and delusional disorders) did online shopping and meetings less frequently, and reported poorer adherence of 3C's, while mask management was stricter in patients with F4 (neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders). Symptom deterioration was significantly associated with increase in drug dosage, new physical symptoms, anxiety unrelated to COVID-19, stress at the beginning of pandemic, stress during the 'state of emergency', poor adaptability to environmental change, daily life changes, decrease in sleeping time, and decrease in time spent outside. CONCLUSION One third of patients reported symptom deterioration during the pandemic, which was associated with stress and daily life changes. Patients with good adaptability to environmental changes might resilient against symptom deterioration. Providing continuous support to help patients manage their daily life in this COVID-19 era may minimize the risk of symptom deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Mashima
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Teruki Koizumi
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.,Takasu-koen Mental Health Clinic, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shunta Minegishi
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Megumi Miyakoshi
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mai Okada
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kamiyu Ogyu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kusudo
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masataka Kiyohara
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinobu Kitada
- Department of Nursing, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Koyanagi
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisaomi Suzuki
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shoko Nozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akihiko Oda
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinji Hirai
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Nakane
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mitsumoto Onaya
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Oda
- Takasu-koen Mental Health Clinic, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akihiro Koreki
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.,Takasu-koen Mental Health Clinic, Chiba, Japan
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Fernández-Theoduloz G, Chirullo V, Montero F, Ruiz P, Selma H, Paz V. Longitudinal changes in depression and anxiety during COVID-19 crisis in Uruguay. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022:1-9. [PMID: 35891890 PMCID: PMC9302952 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03460-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Longitudinal studies have reported decreased mental health symptoms throughout the COVID-19 crisis, while others have found improvements or no changes across time. However, most research was carried out in developed countries, with a high incidence of COVID-19 and, in several cases, mandatory lockdowns. Considering that Uruguay (a developing country) had a low COVID-19 incidence at the moment of this study and has implemented a mild lockdown, we aimed to evaluate the effect of time and mobility (using Google mobility data) on symptoms of anxiety and depression. A longitudinal panel study with six repeated measures was carried out to evaluate depressive (BDI-II) and anxiety (STAI-S) symptoms during the pandemic. A decline in symptoms of anxiety and depression was found across time. Interestingly, this effect was modulated by age; a greater difference in the symptomatology between age groups was found at the beginning of the measurements than at the end, with the youngest reporting the most severe symptoms. Finally, we found that depressive symptoms decreased as mobility increased. Overall, our findings indicate an improvement in mental health as quarantine passed and mobility increased but following a different pattern depending on age. Monitoring these trajectories is imperative moving forward, especially in vulnerable groups. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-022-03460-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Fernández-Theoduloz
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychology, Universidad de la República, Tristán Narvaja 1674, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Vicente Chirullo
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychology, Universidad de la República, Tristán Narvaja 1674, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Federico Montero
- Sociedad Uruguaya de Análisis y Modificación de la Conducta, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Paul Ruiz
- Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Hugo Selma
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychology, Universidad de la República, Tristán Narvaja 1674, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Valentina Paz
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychology, Universidad de la República, Tristán Narvaja 1674, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Świerad M, Świerad I, Szydło R, Honisz G, Gąsior M, Kalarus Z, Dyrbuś K. Assessment of the Level of Anxiety for COVID-19 Vaccinations. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10060915. [PMID: 35746523 PMCID: PMC9227172 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10060915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Research published especially in the last decade indicates the influence of anxiety on the human decision-making process. This study analyzes the anxiety among individuals who decided to undergo vaccinations for COVID-19. The study assesses that the level of education, especially medical education, age, and gender, had an influence on the level of anxiety in terms of vaccination situations. The STAI self-assessment questionnaire was used. The study was conducted anonymously using the paper-pencil method during two rounds of vaccination; therefore, the respondent sample included mainly medical personnel and elderly people. A total of 898 questionnaires were issued. Age did not affect the trait and state of anxiety, but highly educated people tested during vaccination had a lower anxiety level. Gender had no influence on the trait but did influence the state of anxiety. Overall, women were the group that exhibited a higher level of anxiety than men. Nurses were particularly vulnerable to the negative effects of situational medication in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Świerad
- Department of Cardiology, Congenital Heart Diseases and Electrotherapy, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases in Zabrze, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (M.Ś.); (G.H.); (Z.K.)
| | - Ilona Świerad
- Psychological and Pedagogical Counseling Center No. 3 in Katowice, 40-096 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Robert Szydło
- Department of Labor Resource Management, Cracow University of Economics, 31-510 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-660715085
| | - Grzegorz Honisz
- Department of Cardiology, Congenital Heart Diseases and Electrotherapy, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases in Zabrze, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (M.Ś.); (G.H.); (Z.K.)
| | - Mariusz Gąsior
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (M.G.); (K.D.)
| | - Zbigniew Kalarus
- Department of Cardiology, Congenital Heart Diseases and Electrotherapy, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases in Zabrze, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (M.Ś.); (G.H.); (Z.K.)
| | - Krzysztof Dyrbuś
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (M.G.); (K.D.)
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17
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Barberis N, Cannavò M, Cuzzocrea F, Verrastro V. Suicidal Behaviours During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Review. CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2022; 19:84-96. [PMID: 35601250 PMCID: PMC9112993 DOI: 10.36131/cnfioritieditore20220202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective Novel COVID-19 disease has become a major concern worldwide, and a recent line of research warned that the context of the COVID-19 pandemic may be a major risk factor for developing severe suicidal behaviors. A broad systematic review is needed to cover the studies that have already assessed the potential underlying factors for suicidal behaviors in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak. Method A total of 52 studies met the inclusion criteria, and data were then described according to the subsequent categories: (1) countries where the studies were carried out; (2) factors impacting suicidal behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak; and (3) examination of the observed populations. Results Findings of the current systematic review suggest that there is a certain amount of heterogeneity in factors impacting suicidal behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak, with economic downturn, psychiatric vulnerability, isolation and quarantine, health concerns, and relational difficulties being the most prominent reasons for developing suicidal behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak. Conclusions Timely interventions are needed to prevent suicidal behaviors in both the clinical and general populations, and in this regard, the creation of standard procedures may speed up the process.
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18
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McAuliffe C, Pumarino J, Thomson KC, Richardson C, Slemon A, Salway T, Jenkins EK. Correlates of suicidal ideation related to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Repeated cross-sectional nationally representative Canadian data. SSM Popul Health 2021; 16:100988. [PMID: 34909458 PMCID: PMC8656176 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With significant levels of mental distress reported by populations, globally, the magnitude of suicidal ideation during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic is a central concern. The goal of this study was to quantify the extent of pandemic-related suicidal ideation in the Canadian population during the first ten months of the pandemic and identify sociodemographic and pandemic-related stressors associated with increased risk of ideation. METHOD Data were derived from three rounds of a mental health monitoring survey, nationally representative by age, gender, household income, and region, delivered online in May 2020, September 2020, and January 2021. Bivariate analyses were used to quantify the proportion of respondents in Canada reporting suicidal ideation by sociodemographic factors and pandemic-related stressors. Unadjusted and adjusted multivariable logistic regression was used to study the association between suicidal ideation and correlates within four pandemic-related stressor categories (financial, relationship, substance use, COVID-19 exposure). RESULTS Of the 7002 respondents, 6.2% (n = 433) reported experiencing suicidal thoughts or feelings as a result of the pandemic within the two weeks prior to taking the survey. In terms of sociodemographic factors, suicidal ideation was more commonly reported among those who were not cisgender, <65 years-old, single, Indigenous, LGBT2Q+, and who experience a pre-existing mental health condition. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, indicators across all four pandemic-related stressor categories were associated with two or more times the odds of suicidal ideation. CONCLUSION Disparities in COVID-19 related suicidal ideation have persisted throughout the first year of the pandemic for specific sociodemographic sub-groups and those who have faced stressors related to finances, relationships, increased substance use, and COVID-19 virus exposure. To best address these disparities and to prevent a transition from suicidal ideation to action, appropriate planning, resources, and policies are needed to ensure health and well-being for everyone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey McAuliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Javiera Pumarino
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 E Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kimberly C. Thomson
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 E Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, St. Paul's Hospital, 5881-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- The Human Early Learning Partnership, University of British Columbia, Suite 440, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Chris Richardson
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 E Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, St. Paul's Hospital, 5881-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Allie Slemon
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Travis Salway
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr., Burnaby, V5A1S6, Canada
- BC Centre for Disease Control, 655 West 12th Ave., Vancouver, BC, V5L 4R4, Canada
- Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, 1190 Hornby St. (11th Floor), Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Emily K. Jenkins
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2B5, Canada
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López Steinmetz LC, Fong SB, Godoy JC. Longitudinal evidence on mental health changes of college students with and without mental disorder background during the Argentina's lengthy mandatory quarantine. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 110:110308. [PMID: 33775744 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the changes in the mental health state of college students with and without mental disorder background, during successive time cuts of the Argentina's lengthy mandatory quarantine, while adjusting for quarantine duration, sex, age, suicidal behavior history, loneliness, and region of residence. We used a longitudinal design (N = 1615, 26% with mental disorder history). Successive samplings were performed from three days before quarantine start and across quarantine phases of up to 103-days duration. Follow-up was one month later. Sex (woman) and age (younger) were significant predictors of worse mental health only in college students without mental disorder background. Having any suicidal behavior background significantly predicted worse mental health in college students both with and without mental disorder history. Loneliness and region of residence were not statistically significant. In the between-groups comparisons, college students having mental disorder background had worse mental health than those without such a background. However, in the within-subject comparisons, no statistically significant changes occurred across time in the mental health of college students having mental disorder history. Conversely, significant changes occurred in those without such a background, but only when the interaction between time and quarantine duration was considered. Worsening mental health occurred during the most heavily restrictive quarantine phases, while some of the remissions occurred during the longest, but less restrictive ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Cecilia López Steinmetz
- Laboratorio de Psicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina; Decanato de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Siglo 21, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Shao Bing Fong
- Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Juan Carlos Godoy
- Laboratorio de Psicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
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20
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Sung CW, Chen CH, Fan CY, Chang JH, Hung CC, Fu CM, Wong LP, Huang EPC, Lee TSH. Mental health crisis in healthcare providers in the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional facility-based survey. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e052184. [PMID: 34321309 PMCID: PMC8322020 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES During a pandemic, healthcare providers experience increased mental and physical burden. Burnout can lead to treatment errors, patient mortality, increased suicidal ideation and substance abuse as well as medical malpractice suits among medical staff. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of burnout, acute stress disorder, anxiety disorder and depressive disorder among healthcare providers at the third month of the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN A cross-sectional facility-based survey. SETTING Hospitals around the country with different levels of care. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1795 respondents, including 360 men and 1435 women who participated in the survey. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES Burnout was assessed using the Physician Work Life Study. A score of ≥3 implied burnout. RESULTS Of the 1795 respondents, 723 (40.3%) reported burnout, and 669 (37.3%) cared for patients with COVID-19. Anxiety levels were mild in 185 (10.3%) respondents, moderate in 209 (11.6%) and severe in 1401 (78.1%). The mean Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10 score was 9.5±6.3, and 817 (45.5%) respondents were classified as having depression. Factors associated with burnout were working in acute and critical care (ACC) divisions (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.84, 95% CI 1.20 to 3.39, p=0.019), caring for patients with COVID-19 (aOR=3.90, 95% CI 1.14 to 13.37, p=0.031) and having depressive disorder (aOR=9.44, 95% CI 7.44 to 11.97, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Physicians and nurses are vulnerable to burnout during a pandemic, especially those working in ACC divisions. Anxiety disorder, depressive disorder and care of patients with COVID-19 may be factors that influence the occurrence of burnout among healthcare providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wei Sung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsin Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Fan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Jia-How Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Chia Chun Hung
- Bali Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ming Fu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Li Ping Wong
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Edward Pei-Chuan Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tony Szu-Hsien Lee
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan
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21
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Huang CT, Sung CW, Chen CH, Fan CY, Liu CH, Lee TSH, Huang EPC. The impact of previous epidemic disease on mental health in physicians and nurses during COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Emerg Med 2021; 48:367-368. [PMID: 33573851 PMCID: PMC8500987 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Tai Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Sung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hsin-Chu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsin Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hsin-Chu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Fan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hsin-Chu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Heng Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hsin-Chu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tony Szu-Hsien Lee
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Edward Pei-Chuan Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hsin-Chu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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