1
|
Egan R, Gross J, Cameron C, Hobbs L, Patterson T. Spirituality: A Key Component of the Salvation Army's Bridge Programme Model of Treatment in Aotearoa New Zealand. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022:10.1007/s10943-022-01674-7. [PMID: 36175736 PMCID: PMC10366305 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01674-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Spirituality is vital to The Salvation Army's Bridge model of treatment for alcohol and drug addiction. Spirituality is expressed through Recovery Church, prayer, spirituality lifters, the 12-step programme, and focuses on meaning and purpose. We recruited participants from several regional centers throughout Aotearoa New Zealand and evaluated spirituality using the WHOQol-SRPB and open-ended questions. Most participants held broad understandings of spirituality, only a minority equating it with religion. Participants who completed the Programme had statistically significant increases in spiritual wellbeing at end-of-treatment. These increases were maintained at a 3-month follow-up. Increases in spiritual wellbeing were associated with decreases in severity of alcohol and drug use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Egan
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Julien Gross
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Claire Cameron
- Biostatistics Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Linda Hobbs
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tess Patterson
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Opentia Research Focus Area, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sandham MH, Hedgecock E, Hocaoglu M, Palmer C, Jarden RJ, Narayanan A, Siegert RJ. Strengthening Community End-of-Life Care through Implementing Measurement-Based Palliative Care. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137747. [PMID: 35805407 PMCID: PMC9265763 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The increasing demand for palliative care in New Zealand presents a potential threat to the quality of service delivery. One strategy to overcome this is through the implementation of valid and reliable patient-reported outcome measures. This mixed-methods study aimed to (1) implement measurement-based palliative care (MBPC) in a community palliative care service in Auckland, New Zealand; (2) evaluate the clinical utility of MBPC perceived by clinicians; (3) describe patient characteristics as measured by the Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale (IPOS), the Australasian Modified Karnofsky Performance Scale (AKPS), and Phase of Illness (POI); and (4) evaluate the internal consistency of the IPOS. Participants were over 18 years of age from a community outpatient palliative care service. In a phased approach to implementation, healthcare staff were educated on each instrument used for patient assessment. Uptake and internal consistency were evaluated through descriptive statistics. An interpretive descriptive methodology was used to explore the clinical utility of MBPC through semi-structured interviews with seven clinical staff members. Individual patient assessments (n = 1507) were undertaken predominantly on admission, with decreasing frequency as patients advanced through to the terminal phase of their care. Mean total IPOS scores were 17.97 (SD = 10.39, α = 0.78). The POI showed that 65% of patients were in the stable phase, 20% were in the unstable phase, 9% were in the deteriorating phase, and 2% were in the terminal phase. Clinicians reported that MBPC facilitated holistic and comprehensive assessments, as well as the development of a common interdisciplinary language. Clinicians expressed discomfort using the psychosocial and spiritual items. Measurement-based palliative care was only partially implemented but it was valued by staff and perceived to increase the quality of service delivery. Future research should determine the optimal timing of assessments, cultural responsivity for Māori and Pacific patients, and the role of MBPC in decision support for clinicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret H. Sandham
- School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology (AUT), North Shore Campus, 90 Akoranga Drive, Northcote, Auckland 0627, New Zealand;
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Mevhibe Hocaoglu
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King’s College, London WC2R 2LS, UK;
| | - Celia Palmer
- Hospice West Auckland, Te Atatu, Auckland 0610, New Zealand;
| | - Rebecca J. Jarden
- Department of Nursing, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, 161 Barry Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia;
| | - Ajit Narayanan
- School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology (AUT), AUT Tower, 2-14 Wakefield Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand;
| | - Richard J. Siegert
- School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology (AUT), North Shore Campus, 90 Akoranga Drive, Northcote, Auckland 0627, New Zealand;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gerhardt-Strachan K. Exploring the place of spirituality in Canadian health promotion. Health Promot Int 2021; 37:6146752. [PMID: 33619568 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daab027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of health promotion advocates a socioecological approach to health that addresses a variety of physical, social, environmental, political and cultural factors. Encouraging a holistic approach, health promotion examines many aspects of health and wellbeing, including physical, mental, sexual, community, social and ecological health. Despite this holism, there is a noticeable absence of discussion surrounding spirituality and spiritual health. This research study explored how leading scholars in Canadian health promotion understand the place of spirituality in health promotion. Using the fourth edition of Health Promotion in Canada (Rootman et al., 2017) as the sampling frame of recognized leaders in the field, 13 semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with authors from the book. This study is situated within a critical health promotion approach that utilizes methodologies aiming for social justice, equity and ecological sustainability. I argue that by avoiding spirituality within health promotion frameworks and education, the secularism of health promotion and its underlying values of Eurocentric knowledge production and science remain invisible and rarely critiqued. This study intends to open up possibilities for centering spiritual and non-Western epistemologies and ways of knowing that have been marginalized, such as Indigenous understandings of health and wellbeing. Restoring right relations with Indigenous peoples in Canada has taken on new urgency with the calls to action of the Truth & Reconciliation Commission report (NCTR, 2015). This is one important way that health promotion can fulfill its promise of being inclusive, relevant and effective for human and planetary wellbeing.
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Numerous spirituality models and tools have been developed in health education and research, but a gap still exists around the conceptual clarity and articulation of spirituality among nurses and healthcare providers. Nurses and healthcare providers still find it difficult to interpret and apply the concepts of spirituality in their practice settings. This paper provides a concept analysis of spirituality using the Walker and Avant method of conceptual analysis. Several databases including conceptual and empirical literature from various disciplines have been used. The defining attributes of spirituality included spirituality and religion as a separable or mutual construct, spirituality as a personal construct, wholeness and integration, meaning making and purpose, sense of connectedness and relationship, transcendence, inner source of power, energy, and strength. Major antecedents of spirituality found were faith, personal values, and belief systems, and life adversities. Consequences of spirituality included personal/spiritual growth and wellbeing, resilience, and religiousness. Spirituality is a unique and personal human experience, an individualised journey characterised by multiple experiential accounts such as meaning making, purpose, connectedness, wholeness and integration, energy, and transcendence. Spiritual experiences are often difficult to examine and measure using scientific tools and empirical language. Healthcare providers need to fully understand and apply spirituality and spiritual care aspects to provide holistic person-centred care.
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spirituality has always been present in the history of nursing and continues to be a topic of nursing interest. Spirituality has ancient roots. The term 'spirituality' is interpreted as spirit and is translated as breath and soul, whereas spirituality (immateriality) is spiritual nature. Historically, the term spirituality is associated with the term religiosity, a definition that persists today, and often the two terms are used interchangeably. In the healthcare context, the construct is still. OBJECTIVE To clarify the concept of spirituality in nursing. RESEARCH DESIGN In this article spirituality was explored using Rodgers' evolutionary and inductive method of concept analysis. PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT For this analysis, a sample of 71 articles published in English, from 2008 to 2018 from PubMed/Medline, CINAHL Plus with full text, PsycINFO, SciELO databases were retrieved. It was also accomplished an empirical search of dictionaries and e-books. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS This study was conducted according to good scientific practice. FINDINGS It emerged that "spirituality" is a dynamic process and has a range of attributes. The cultural dimensions, the religious and spiritual traditions, the ethnic diversity and the influence of the historical and social contexts represent the societal and historical conditions ingrained in the Western thought that influence the emergence of spirituality as a concept. Antecedents, attributes and onsequences appeared to inform and strengthen one another over time. Spirituality is a significant concept for the discipline of nursing with profound consequences for caring patients and for work organizations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Murgia
- University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Nursing Scholarship OPI Rome Italy, Italy
| | | | - Gennaro Rocco
- Centre of Excellence for Nursing Scholarship OPI Rome Italy, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
O'Callaghan C, Brooker J, de Silva W, Glenister D, Melia Cert A, Symons X, Kissane D, Michael N. Patients' and Caregivers' Contested Perspectives on Spiritual Care for Those Affected by Advanced Illnesses: A Qualitative Descriptive Study. J Pain Symptom Manage 2019; 58:977-988. [PMID: 31404641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Spiritual care refers to practices and rituals addressing spiritual/religious concerns. It supports coping with loss and finding hope, meaning, and peace. Although integral to palliative care, its implementation is challenging. OBJECTIVE To understand an Australian cohort of patients' and caregivers' perspectives about experiencing and optimizing spiritual care in the context of advanced illness. METHODS Patients and caregivers of patients with ≤12 month prognosis were recruited from a broader spiritual study via criterion sampling and agreed to opt-in interviews. Participants from an Australian, metropolitan health service received a spiritual care definition and were interviewed. Transcripts were analyzed using qualitative description. RESULTS 30 patients (17 male; mean age 70 years) and 10 caregivers (six male; mean age 58.9 years) participated. 27 identified as Christian, and 10 had no religion. Participants described multifaceted and contested beliefs about spirituality. Many queried the tangibility of spirituality, but all valued respectful staff who affirmed personhood, that is, each individual's worth, especially when care exceeded expectations. They also resonated with positive organizational and environmental tones that improved holistic well-being. Participants stressed the importance of the hospital's welcoming context and skilled care, which comforted and reassured. CONCLUSION Although many patients and caregivers did not resonate with the term "spiritual care," all described how the hospital's hospitality could affirm their values and strengthen coping. The phrase "spiritual care and hospitality" may optimally articulate and guide care in similar, pluralist inpatient palliative care contexts, recognizing that such care encompasses an interplay of generalist and specialist pastoral care staff and organizational and environmental qualities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clare O'Callaghan
- Palliative and Supportive Care Research Department, Cabrini Health, Malvern, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Ethics & Society, The University of Notre Dame Australia, New South Wales, Australia; Departments of Psychosocial Cancer Care and Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Fitzroy, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Joanne Brooker
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - William de Silva
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Glenister
- Centre for Clinical Pastoral Education, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adelaide Melia Cert
- Palliative and Supportive Care Research Department, Cabrini Health, Malvern, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xavier Symons
- Institute for Ethics & Society, The University of Notre Dame Australia, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Kissane
- Palliative and Supportive Care Research Department, Cabrini Health, Malvern, Victoria, Australia; Szalmuk Family Psycho-oncology Research Unit, Cabrini Health, Malvern, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Natasha Michael
- Palliative and Supportive Care Research Department, Cabrini Health, Malvern, Victoria, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Clyne B, O'Neill SM, Nuzum D, O'Neill M, Larkin J, Ryan M, Smith SM. Patients' spirituality perspectives at the end of life: a qualitative evidence synthesis. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2019; 12:e550-e561. [PMID: 31771958 DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-002016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding patient perceptions of their spiritual needs when approaching the end of life is essential to support the delivery of patient-centred care. AIM To conduct a qualitative evidence synthesis on spirituality and spiritual care needs at the end of life in all healthcare settings from the patients' perspective. DESIGN Studies were included where they were primary qualitative studies exploring spirituality in patients with a life expectancy of 12 months or less in any setting. Two reviewers independently screened titles, extracted data and conducted methodological quality appraisal. A thematic synthesis was conducted. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) - Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research (CERQual) was used to summarise the certainty of the evidence. DATA SOURCES Six databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Applied Social Science Index and Abstracts) were searched from inception up to January 2019. RESULTS Fifty papers (42 unique datasets), incorporating data from 710 patients were included. Studies recruited from a mix of inpatient, outpatient, hospice and community settings across 12 different countries. Three overarching themes were generated: the concept of spirituality, spiritual needs and distress, and spiritual care resources. Relationships were an intrinsic component of spirituality. CONCLUSION Meeting patients' spiritual needs is an integral part of end-of-life care. This work emphasises that supporting relationships should be a central focus of spiritual care for patients at the end of life. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42019122062.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Clyne
- Department of General Practice, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland .,Health Research Board - Collaboration in Ireland for Clinical Effectiveness Reviews (HRB-CICER), Health Information and Quality Authority Dublin Regional Office, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinead M O'Neill
- Health Research Board - Collaboration in Ireland for Clinical Effectiveness Reviews (HRB-CICER), Health Information and Quality Authority Dublin Regional Office, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniel Nuzum
- Pastoral Care Department, Marymount University Hospital and Hospice, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Michelle O'Neill
- Health Research Board - Collaboration in Ireland for Clinical Effectiveness Reviews (HRB-CICER), Health Information and Quality Authority Dublin Regional Office, Dublin, Ireland
| | - James Larkin
- Department of General Practice, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Máirín Ryan
- Health Research Board - Collaboration in Ireland for Clinical Effectiveness Reviews (HRB-CICER), Health Information and Quality Authority Dublin Regional Office, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Susan M Smith
- Department of General Practice, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Health Research Board - Collaboration in Ireland for Clinical Effectiveness Reviews (HRB-CICER), Health Information and Quality Authority Dublin Regional Office, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lalani N, Duggleby W, Olson J. Spirituality among family caregivers in palliative care: an integrative literature review. Int J Palliat Nurs 2019; 24:80-91. [PMID: 29469645 DOI: 10.12968/ijpn.2018.24.2.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family caregivers experience spiritual and existential concerns while caring for their terminally ill family members. AIM To evaluate and synthesise studies on spirituality among family caregivers in palliative care. DESIGN An integrative literature review of peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2016. SAMPLE Participants were family caregivers (parents, spouses, relatives or friends) caring for an adult (age>18 years) family member with a terminal illness in a palliative care setting. RESULTS Data from 26 published research papers were systematically analysed. Five themes were identified regarding spirituality and family caregiving: a close and meaningful connection, spirituality as a way of coping, spiritual needs and expressions among family caregivers, spirituality to transcend fears, and spirituality in family caregivers' decision-making. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Nurses are encouraged to explore the spirituality and spiritual experiences of family caregivers to support their spiritual wellbeing while caring for their terminally ill family members.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasreen Lalani
- PhD Candidate, Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Canada
| | - Wendy Duggleby
- Professor; Associate Dean of Research; Nursing Research Chair in Aging and Quality of Life; Director of Innovations in Senior Care Research Unit, University of Alberta, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lepherd L, Rogers C, Egan R, Towler H, Graham C, Nagle A, Hampton I. Exploring spirituality with older people: (1) rich experiences. JOURNAL OF RELIGION, SPIRITUALITY & AGING 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15528030.2019.1651239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Lepherd
- University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
- University of Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
| | | | | | - Helen Towler
- Baillie Henderson Hospital, Toowoomba, Australia
| | | | - Andrea Nagle
- Baillie Henderson Hospital, Toowoomba, Australia
| | - Ilsa Hampton
- Meaningful Ageing Australia, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Egan R. Spirituality in Aotearoa, New Zealand: Personal Reflections From a Spirituality in Health Care Researcher. J Pain Symptom Manage 2019; 57:1031-1034. [PMID: 30593910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2018.12.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Spirituality is about what is of utmost value; it is a values lens that asks "what really matters most to me, my family, our community, our country, and our world." This personal reflection comes from a New Zealand academic who works in the spirituality and health care research field. Although largely biographical, this reflection offers some insight into the New Zealand context and this emergent field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Egan
- Cancer Society Social & Behavioural Research Unit, Te Hunga Rangahau Arai Mate Pukupuku, Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
What GPs mean by 'spirituality' and how they apply this concept with patients: a qualitative study. BJGP Open 2018; 2:bjgpopen18X101469. [PMID: 30564713 PMCID: PMC6184090 DOI: 10.3399/bjgpopen18x101469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about how the concept of spirituality is understood and applied by GPs. Aim To provide a detailed description of how GPs understand the concept of spirituality and apply this with patients. Design & setting Nineteen Scottish GPs were interviewed about their perceptions of the concept of spirituality and how they apply this in practice. Method An approach informed by grounded theory was used to identify and summarise common themes. Results Seven concepts concerning spirituality emerged, some of which are previously unrecognised. Four attitudes to spiritual care and four patterns of spiritual care were identified. Conclusion GPs have varying views on what spirituality is, and these relate partly to individual beliefs and experiences. These create considerable variation in the delivery of spiritual care.
Collapse
|
12
|
Nurses’ Understanding of Spirituality and the Spirituality of Older People with Dementia in the Continuing Care Setting. RELIGIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/rel9020050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
13
|
Richards R, Egan R. Reflections: Spirituality and Cancer Researchers. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2018; 33:245-247. [PMID: 27357139 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-016-1072-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Spirituality is increasingly acknowledged as an essential element to consider within care for cancer and other chronic health conditions. As our colleagues in frontline healthcare roles integrate these concepts into their professional practice, it seems timely for the cancer research community to reflect on the place of spirituality within our work. This reflections article discusses challenges and opportunities for researchers considering spirituality in their own work roles and within broader discussions about health needs, care and research agendas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalina Richards
- Cancer Society Social and Behavioural Research Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Richard Egan
- Cancer Society Social and Behavioural Research Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
New Zealand Nurses’ Perceptions of Spirituality and Spiritual care: Qualitative Findings from a National Survey. RELIGIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/rel8050079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
15
|
Bonavita A, Yakushko O, Morgan Consoli ML, Jacobsen S, Mancuso RLL. Receiving Spiritual Care: Experiences of Dying and Grieving Individuals. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2017; 76:373-394. [DOI: 10.1177/0030222817693142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The study examines the perceptions of interfaith spiritual care, received through a volunteer hospice organization, by 10 individuals facing death and dying. Qualitative methodology based on the Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis was used to collect and analyze the data. Four superordinate themes reflected meanings ascribed to spirituality and spiritual care in facing end of life: Vital Role of Spirituality in the End-of-Life Care, Definitions and Parameters of Spirituality and Interfaith Spiritual Care, Distinct Aspects of Interfaith Spiritual Care, and Unmet Spiritual Needs. The results expand an understanding of the role of spirituality and spiritual care as part of the hospice and palliative care through attention to individual perceptions and experiences, as well as to ways to expand attention to spirituality within the hospice care.
Collapse
|
16
|
Nejat N, Whitehead L, Crowe M. The use of spirituality and religiosity in coping with colorectal cancer. Contemp Nurse 2017; 53:48-59. [DOI: 10.1080/10376178.2016.1276401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nazi Nejat
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak 6941-7-38481, Iran
| | - Lisa Whitehead
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Perth 6027, Australia
| | - Marie Crowe
- Centre for Postgraduate Nursing Studies, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pandya SP. Hospital Social Work and Spirituality: Views of Medical Social Workers. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 31:700-710. [PMID: 27367140 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2016.1188740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This article is based on a study of 1,389 medical social workers in 108 hospitals across 12 countries, on their views on spirituality and spiritually sensitive interventions in hospital settings. Results of the logistic regression analyses and structural equation models showed that medical social workers from European countries, United States of America, Canada, and Australia, those had undergone spiritual training, and those who had higher self-reported spiritual experiences scale scores were more likely to have the view that spirituality in hospital settings is for facilitating integral healing and wellness of patients and were more likely to prefer spiritual packages of New Age movements as the form of spiritual program, understand spiritual assessment as assessing the patients' spiritual starting point, to then build on further interventions and were likely to attest the understanding of spiritual techniques as mindfulness techniques. Finally they were also likely to understand the spiritual goals of intervention in a holistic way, that is, as that of integral healing, growth of consciousness and promoting overall well-being of patients vis-à-vis only coping and coming to terms with health adversities. Results of the structural equation models also showed covariances between religion, spirituality training, and scores on the self-reported spiritual experiences scale, having thus a set of compounding effects on social workers' views on spiritual interventions in hospitals. The implications of the results for health care social work practice and curriculum are discussed.
Collapse
|
18
|
Spiritual beliefs, practices, and needs at the end of life: Results from a New Zealand national hospice study. Palliat Support Care 2016; 15:223-230. [PMID: 27572901 DOI: 10.1017/s147895151600064x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE International studies have shown that patients want their spiritual needs attended to at the end of life. The present authors developed a project to investigate people's understanding of spirituality and spiritual care practices in New Zealand (NZ) hospices. METHOD A mixed-methods approach included 52 semistructured interviews and a survey of 642 patients, family members, and staff from 25 (78%) of NZ's hospices. We employed a generic qualitative design and analysis to capture the experiences and understandings of participants' spirituality and spiritual care, while a cross-sectional survey yielded population level information. RESULTS Our findings suggest that spirituality is broadly understood and considered important for all three of the populations studied. The patient and family populations had high spiritual needs that included a search for (1) meaning, (2) peace of mind, and (3) a degree of certainty in an uncertain world. The healthcare professionals in the hospices surveyed seldom explicitly met the needs of patients and families. Staff had spiritual needs, but organizational support was sometimes lacking in attending to these needs. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS As a result of our study, which was the first nationwide study in NZ to examine spirituality in hospice care, Hospice New Zealand has developed a spirituality professional development program. Given that spirituality was found to be important to the majority of our participants, it is hoped that the adoption of such an approach will impact on spiritual care for patients and families in NZ hospices.
Collapse
|
19
|
Exploratory Psychometric Properties of the Farsi and English Versions of the Spiritual Needs Questionnaire (SpNQ). RELIGIONS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/rel7070084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
20
|
Lazaridou A, Pentaris P. Mindfulness and spirituality: therapeutic perspectives. PERSON-CENTERED & EXPERIENTIAL PSYCHOTHERAPIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2016.1180634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
21
|
Egan R, Wood S, MacLeod R, Walker R. Spirituality in Renal Supportive Care: A Thematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2015; 3:1174-93. [PMID: 27417819 PMCID: PMC4934638 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare3041174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is marked by a reduced life expectancy and a high symptom burden. For those who reach end-stage renal disease, the prognosis is poor, and this combined with the growing prevalence of the disease necessitates supportive and palliative care programmes that will address people's psychosocial, cultural and spiritual needs. While there is variation between countries, research reveals that many renal specialist nurses and doctors are reluctant to address spirituality, initiate end-of-life conversations or implement conservative treatment plans early. Yet, other studies indicate that the provision of palliative care services, which includes the spiritual dimension, can reduce symptom burden, assist patients in making advanced directives/plans and improve health-related quality of life. This review brings together the current literature related to renal supportive care and spirituality under the following sections and themes. The introduction and background sections situate spirituality in both healthcare generally and chronic kidney disease. Gaps in the provision of chronic kidney disease spiritual care are then considered, followed by a discussion of the palliative care model related to chronic kidney disease and spirituality. Chronic kidney disease spiritual needs and care approaches are discussed with reference to advanced care planning, hope, grief and relationships. A particular focus on quality of life is developed, with spirituality named as a key dimension. Finally, further challenges, such as culture, training and limitations, are explicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Egan
- Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Sarah Wood
- Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Rod MacLeod
- Hammond Care and Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney 2065, Australia.
| | - Robert Walker
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Perkins C. Promoting spiritual care for older people in New Zealand: the Selwyn Centre for Ageing and Spirituality. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1108/wwop-01-2015-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of a centre to promote the spiritual care of older people in New Zealand.
Design/methodology/approach
– The spiritual scene in New Zealand is described and “spirituality” defined. The history of the Selwyn Centre for Ageing and Spirituality (SCAS) is illustrated by case studies in three areas: research, education and advocacy, noting challenges in providing spiritual care to older people.
Findings
– The number of New Zealanders claiming a religious affiliation is dropping but spirituality is of interest and relevance to many people. The acknowledgement of Maori spirituality has affected government policy. The SCAS has supported research and provided education throughout the country. Advocacy is difficult where care focuses on the physical and funding for frail older people is limited.
Research limitations/implications
– While the importance of good spiritual care for older people is clear, this is not easy to achieve. However, an organisation like SCAS has brought the issue to national awareness and made some contribution to increased understanding and improved practice.
Practical implications
– As the population ages and expressions of spirituality diversify, a deeper understanding of spirituality beyond Christian religion is required.
Social implications
– While the SCAS focuses on older people, it has formed a nexus of people more widely interested in spirituality at all ages, in different cultures and throughout the country.
Originality/value
– This is the first description of a New Zealand organisation specifically addressing the spiritual care of older people.
Collapse
|
23
|
Egan R, Macleod R, Tiatia R, Wood S, Mountier J, Walker R. Spiritual care and kidney disease in NZ: a qualitative study with New Zealand renal specialists. Nephrology (Carlton) 2015; 19:708-13. [PMID: 25196561 DOI: 10.1111/nep.12323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM People with chronic kidney disease have a shortened life expectancy and carry a high symptom burden. Research suggests that attending to renal patients' spiritual needs may contribute to an improvement in their quality of life. The aim of this qualitative study was to investigate the provision of spiritual care in New Zealand renal units from the perspective of specialists. METHODS The study followed a generic qualitative approach and included semi-structured interviews with specialists recruited from New Zealand's ten renal centres. RESULTS Five specialist doctors and nine specialist nurses were recruited for interviews. Understandings of spirituality were broad, with most participants having an inclusive understanding. Patients' spiritual needs were generally acknowledged and respected though formal spiritual assessments were not done. Consideration of death was discussed as an often-unexamined need. The dominant position was that the specialists did not provide explicit spiritual care of patients but there was some ad hoc provision offered through pre-dialysis educators, family meetings, Māori liaison staff members and the efforts of individuals. Chaplains were well used in some services. Participants had received no pre and little in-service training or education in spiritual care. Suggestions for improvements included in-service training, better utilization of chaplaincy services and training in advance care planning. CONCLUSION Most participants indicated they would attempt to provide some form of spiritual care, either directly or by referring the patient to appropriate services. However, participants generally demonstrated a lack of confidence in addressing a patient's spiritual needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Egan
- Preventive and Social Medicine Department, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Perkins C, Egan R, Llewellyn R, Peterken B. Still Living, Loving, and Laughing: Spiritual Life in the Dementia Unit. JOURNAL OF RELIGION, SPIRITUALITY & AGING 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15528030.2015.1037532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
25
|
|
26
|
Siddall PJ, Lovell M, MacLeod R. Spirituality: what is its role in pain medicine? PAIN MEDICINE 2014; 16:51-60. [PMID: 25159525 DOI: 10.1111/pme.12511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For many years, spirituality has been regarded as an integral aspect of patient care in fields closely allied to pain medicine such as palliative and supportive care. Despite this, it has received relatively little attention within the field of pain medicine itself. Reasons for this may include a lack of understanding of what spirituality means, doubtfulness of its relevance, an uncertainty about how it may be addressed, or a lack of awareness of how addressing spirituality may be of benefit. METHODS A review of the literature was conducted to determine the changing conceptual frameworks that have been applied to pain medicine, the emergence of the biopsychospiritual approach and what that means as well as evidence for the benefits of incorporation of this approach for the management of pain. RESULTS Although the concept of spirituality is broad, there is now greater consensus on what is meant by this term. Many authors and consensus panels have explored the concept and formulated a conceptual framework and an approach that is inclusive, accessible, relevant, and applicable to people with a wide range of health conditions. In addition, there is accumulating evidence that interventions that address the issue of spirituality have benefits for physical and emotional health. CONCLUSIONS Given the firm place that spirituality now holds within other fields and the mounting evidence for its relevance and benefit for people with pain, there is increasing evidence to support the inclusion of spiritual factors as an important component in the assessment and treatment of pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Siddall
- Department of Pain Management, Greenwich Hospital, HammondCare, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Sydney Medical School-Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Egan R, MacLeod R, Jaye C, McGee R, Baxter J, Herbison P. The spiritual environment in New Zealand hospice care: identifying organisational commitment to spiritual care. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2014; 4:299-302. [PMID: 24844584 DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2013-000632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Spiritual matters naturally arise in many people who have either a serious illness or are nearing end-of-life. The literature shows many examples of spiritual assessments, interventions and care; however, there is a lack of focus on organisational support for spiritual care. We aimed to ascertain the structural and operational capacity of New Zealand's hospices to attend to the spiritual needs and concerns of patients, families and staff. METHODS As part of a larger study, a mail out cross-sectional survey was distributed to 25 New Zealand hospices and asked details from staff about facilities, practices and organisational aspects of spiritual care. Data were collated by creating a 'hospice setting spiritual score' based on an aggregate of eight items from the survey. RESULTS There was a 66% response rate. Summary scores ranged from 2 to 7 indicating that while sites delivered a range of spiritual services, all could improve the level of spiritual care they provide. The two most common items missing were 'spiritual professional development' and 'formal spiritual assessment.' CONCLUSIONS This simple setting spiritual score provides a snapshot of a hospice's commitment to spiritual care. It could be used as a preliminary auditing tool to assist hospices in identifying organisational and operational aspects that could be improved to enhance spiritual care delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Egan
- Cancer Society Social & Behavioural Research Unit, Te Hunga Rangahau Arai Mate Pukupuku, Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Rod MacLeod
- HammondCare and Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chrystal Jaye
- Department of General Practice and Rural Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Rob McGee
- Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Joanne Baxter
- Health Sciences Division, Māori Health Workforce Development Unit, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Peter Herbison
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Puchalski CM, Vitillo R, Hull SK, Reller N. Improving the spiritual dimension of whole person care: reaching national and international consensus. J Palliat Med 2014; 17:642-56. [PMID: 24842136 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2014.9427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Two conferences, Creating More Compassionate Systems of Care (November 2012) and On Improving the Spiritual Dimension of Whole Person Care: The Transformational Role of Compassion, Love and Forgiveness in Health Care (January 2013), were convened with the goals of reaching consensus on approaches to the integration of spirituality into health care structures at all levels and development of strategies to create more compassionate systems of care. The conferences built on the work of a 2009 consensus conference, Improving the Quality of Spiritual Care as a Dimension of Palliative Care. Conference organizers in 2012 and 2013 aimed to identify consensus-derived care standards and recommendations for implementing them by building and expanding on the 2009 conference model of interprofessional spiritual care and its recommendations for palliative care. The 2013 conference built on the 2012 conference to produce a set of standards and recommended strategies for integrating spiritual care across the entire health care continuum, not just palliative care. Deliberations were based on evidence that spiritual care is a fundamental component of high-quality compassionate health care and it is most effective when it is recognized and reflected in the attitudes and actions of both patients and health care providers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Puchalski
- 1 George Washington Institute for Spirituality and Health, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University , Washington, DC
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
Angelo J, Wilson L. Exploring occupation roles of hospice family caregivers from Māori, Chinese and Tongan ethnic backgrounds living in New Zealand. Occup Ther Int 2014; 21:81-90. [PMID: 24578104 DOI: 10.1002/oti.1367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A major challenge to occupational therapists working in palliative care is determining the best ways to help family caregivers who are caring for family members. The purpose of this study was to explore palliative caregiver occupations among Māori, Chinese and Tongan ethnicities. Six informants participated, one woman and one man from each ethnic group. In each of their homes, informants were asked to discuss what it was like caring for their dying family member. The occupational themes resulting from these interviews were food preparation, spirituality and family gathering. Therapists need to be aware of the differences in how people care for family members within their ethnicity. Implications are that occupational therapists can help families identify activities important to them within the main occupational themes: different types of foods and their preparations, various ways to express spirituality and how families gather together members of their extended family. Further, clinicians need to take on the role of a "not-knowing" but curious health-care provider in order to meet the needs of caregivers. The limitation was the small number of participants who all lived in one geographic area. Future studies should include a wider group of ethnicities.
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
AbstractObjectives:The objective of this research was to explore how spirituality is currently understood and taught in New Zealand Medical Schools.Methods:A mixed methods study was carried out involving interviews (n = 14) and a survey (n = 73). The first stage of the study involved recorded semi-structured interviews of people involved in curriculum development from the Dunedin School of Medicine (n = 14); which then informed a cross-sectional self-reported electronic survey (n = 73).Results:The results indicate that spirituality is regarded by many involved in medical education in New Zealand as an important part of healthcare that may be taught in medical schools, but also that there is little consensus among this group as to what the topic is about.Significance of results:These findings provide a basis for further discussion about including spirituality in medical curricula, and in particular indicate a need to develop a shared understanding of what ‘spirituality’ means and how it can be taught appropriately. As a highly secular country, these New Zealand findings are significant for medical education in other secular Western countries. Addressing spirituality with patients has been shown to positively impact a range of health outcomes, but how spirituality is taught in medical schools is still developing across the globe.
Collapse
|
32
|
Martyn H, Barrett A, Nicholson HD. A belief in the soul may contribute to the stress experienced in the dissecting room. J Anat 2013; 224:345-51. [PMID: 24111504 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to explore whether medical students believe in a soul and how this may affect their dissecting experience. Three questionnaires were delivered electronically to the 2011 cohort of second-year medical students over a 2-year period. At the University of Otago, students enter medicine via three categories: Health Sciences First Year (following 1 year of university); postgraduate (following a Bachelors or higher degree); and 'other' category entry (Allied Health Professional or 3 years after a Bachelors degree). The entry category, age, ethnicity and gender of the students were collected; 51.6% of the students believed in the concept of a soul. On a scale of 1-5, students ranked the importance of religion/spirituality as 2.69. Those who believed in a soul were more likely to have a religious/spiritual component to their life and be males or 'other' category entrants. However, there were many students who believed in the soul who did not have a religious/spiritual association, suggesting that this belief extends beyond religion. Those who believed in a soul had significantly higher anticipatory stress and experienced higher levels of stress during dissection. A higher proportion of students in the 'other' category entrants believed in the concept of the soul and also had significantly higher levels of stress during dissection. Our data suggest that a belief in a soul may affect students' experiences in dissecting. Incorporating the teaching of humanities with anatomy may help medical students as they assimilate both the biomedical and philosophical aspects of dissection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Martyn
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Holloway M, Adamson S, Argyrou V, Draper P, Mariau D. “Funerals aren’t nice but it couldn’t have been nicer”. The makings of a good funeral. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/13576275.2012.755505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|