1
|
Brief, prior, exposure to red decreases categorical and coordinate spatial task performance. Brain Cogn 2020; 142:105571. [PMID: 32408058 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Location information is processed through two types of spatial processing; categorical and coordinate processing. Categorical spatial relations indicate where an object is relative to another object, without regard to the metric distance between the two objects. Coordinate spatial relations indicate metric distance without regard to relative location. In human behavioral studies, the magnocellular pathway of the lateral geniculate nucleus has been implicated in coordinate spatial processing abilities. Magnocellular pathway cells (type IV) have a center surround organization, such that red light inhibits neuronal firing. In these behavioral studies, red stimuli decreases coordinate spatial processing accuracy. Prior studies also show that there is a lag between the time of visual stimulus presentation and the time of observing a neural response in the magnocellular pathway. We sought to understand whether prior presentation of red stimuli decreases coordinate spatial performance, and also examined its effects on categorical spatial performance. The results indicate that prior presentation of red stimuli decreases accuracy and perceived confidence on both the categorical and coordinate tasks. These results confirm prior findings of the association between magnocellular pathway function and coordinate spatial processing. Implications for categorical task results and associated neural pathways are discussed.
Collapse
|
2
|
Propper RE, Wolfarth A, Brunye TT, Carlei C, Lall S. Categorical and coordinate spatial task performance in inconsistent-handers versus consistent-right-handers: part II. Cogn Process 2019; 20:441-446. [PMID: 31463863 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-019-00926-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A previous study reported superior categorical and coordinate spatial task performance in inconsistent-versus consistent-right-handers (ICH versus CRH). Propper et al. used a three-dimensional (3D) computer-based task wherein individuals navigated to 21 locations within a realistic cityscape. During testing, participants were queried on their categorical and coordinate spatial knowledge of the map. In that study, the categorical and coordinate tasks may have inadvertently encouraged language coding of learned spatial information, potentially confounding spatial processing with recall ability for language-based information. Also, that study used a between-subjects design, which precludes examination of relationships between spatial knowledge as a function of handedness. The present study duplicated the learning task in Propper et al. using test stimuli that more faithfully represent spatial, and not language-based, information, as well as a within-subjects design. Results did not significantly replicate the previous study. Possible reasons for this finding are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E Propper
- Psychology Department, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA.
| | - Andrew Wolfarth
- Psychology Department, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA
| | | | | | - Sophia Lall
- Psychology Department, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ocklenburg S, Friedrich P, Schmitz J, Schlüter C, Genc E, Güntürkün O, Peterburs J, Grimshaw G. Beyond frontal alpha: investigating hemispheric asymmetries over the EEG frequency spectrum as a function of sex and handedness. Laterality 2018; 24:505-524. [PMID: 30388061 DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2018.1543314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Frontal alpha EEG asymmetry, an indirect marker of asymmetries in relative frontal brain activity, are widely used in research on lateralization of emotional processing. While most authors focus on frontal electrode pairs (e.g., F3/F4 or F7/F8), several recent studies have indicated that EEG asymmetries can also be observed outside the frontal lobe and in frequency bands other than alpha. Because the focus of most EEG asymmetry research is on the correlations between asymmetry and other traits, much less is known about the distribution of patterns of asymmetry at the population level. To systematically assess these asymmetries in a representative sample, we determined EEG asymmetries across the head in the alpha, beta, delta and theta frequency bands in 235 healthy adults. We found significant asymmetries in all four frequency bands and across several brain areas, indicating that EEG asymmetries are not limited to frontal alpha. Asymmetries were not modulated by sex. They were modulated by direction of hand preference, with stronger right-handedness predicting greater right (relative to left) alpha power, or greater left (relative to right) activity. Taken together, the present results show that EEG asymmetries other than frontal alpha represent markers of asymmetric brain function that should be explored further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Ocklenburg
- a Department of Psychology , Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Biopsychology, Ruhr-University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Patrick Friedrich
- a Department of Psychology , Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Biopsychology, Ruhr-University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Judith Schmitz
- a Department of Psychology , Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Biopsychology, Ruhr-University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Caroline Schlüter
- a Department of Psychology , Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Biopsychology, Ruhr-University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Erhan Genc
- a Department of Psychology , Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Biopsychology, Ruhr-University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Onur Güntürkün
- a Department of Psychology , Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Biopsychology, Ruhr-University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Jutta Peterburs
- b Biological Psychology , Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf , Bochum , Germany
| | - Gina Grimshaw
- c Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Lab , School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington , New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|