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Stojanović A, Fris DAH, Solms L, van Hooft EAJ, De Hoog M, de Pagter APJ. Lifelong development in medicine: a thematic analysis of coaching goals throughout medical careers. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e081139. [PMID: 38772887 PMCID: PMC11110559 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Healthcare grapples with staff shortages and rising burnout rates for medical students, residents and specialists. To prioritise both their well-being and the delivery of high-quality patient care, it becomes imperative to deepen our understanding of physicians' developmental aims and needs. Our first aim is, therefore, to gain comprehensive insights into the specific developmental aims physicians prioritise by examining the coaching goals they set at the beginning of coaching. Since physicians face distinct roles as they advance in their careers, our second aim is to highlight similarities and differences in developmental aims and needs among individuals at various medical career stages. DESIGN We conducted a qualitative analysis of 2571 coaching goals. We performed an inductive thematic analysis to code one-half of coaching goals and a codebook thematic analysis for the other half. Our interpretation of the findings was grounded in a critical realist approach. SETTING Sixteen hospitals in the Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS A total of 341 medical clerkship students, 336 medical residents, 122 early-career specialists, 82 mid-career specialists and 57 late-career specialists provided their coaching goals at the start of coaching. RESULTS The findings revealed that coachees commonly set goals about their career and future, current job and tasks, interpersonal work relations, self-insight and development, health and well-being, nonwork aspects and the coaching process. Furthermore, the findings illustrate how the diversity of coaching goals increases as physicians advance in their careers. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underscore the significance of recognising distinct challenges at various career stages and the necessity for tailoring holistic support for physicians. This insight holds great relevance for healthcare organisations, enabling them to better align system interventions with physicians' needs and enhance support. Moreover, our classification of coaching goals serves as a valuable foundation for future research, facilitating a deeper exploration of how these goals influence coaching outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Stojanović
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daan A H Fris
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lara Solms
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin A J van Hooft
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs De Hoog
- Department of Neonatal & Pediatric Intensive Care/Division of Pediatric Intensive Care, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne P J de Pagter
- Department of Quality and Patient Safety, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Quality and Patient Safety, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Ashton LM, Adam MT, Whatnall M, Rollo ME, Burrows TL, Hansen V, Collins CE. Exploring the design and utility of an integrated web-based chatbot for young adults to support healthy eating: a qualitative study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:119. [PMID: 37794368 PMCID: PMC10548711 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01511-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of understanding of the potential utility of a chatbot integrated into a website to support healthy eating among young adults. Therefore, the aim was to interview key informants regarding potential utility and design of a chatbot to: (1) increase young adults' return rates and engagement with a purpose-built healthy eating website and, (2) improve young adults' diet quality. METHODS Eighteen qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted across three stakeholder groups: (i) experts in dietary behaviour change in young adults (n = 6), (ii) young adult users of a healthy eating website (n = 7), and (iii) experts in chatbot design (n = 5). Interview questions were guided by a behaviour change framework and a template analysis was conducted using NVivo. RESULTS Interviewees identified three potential roles of a chatbot for supporting healthy eating in young adults; R1: improving healthy eating knowledge and facilitating discovery, R2: reducing time barriers related to healthy eating, R3: providing support and social engagement. To support R1, the following features were suggested: F1: chatbot generated recommendations and F2: triage to website information or externally (e.g., another website) to address current user needs. For R2, suggested features included F3: nudge or behavioural prompts at critical moments and F4: assist users to navigate healthy eating websites. Finally, to support R3 interviewees recommended the following features: F5: enhance interactivity, F6: offer useful anonymous support, F7: facilitate user connection with content in meaningful ways and F8: outreach adjuncts to website (e.g., emails). Additional 'general' chatbot features included authenticity, personalisation and effective and strategic development, while the preferred chatbot style and language included tailoring (e.g., age and gender), with a positive and professional tone. Finally, the preferred chatbot message subjects included training (e.g., would you like to see a video to make this recipe?), enablement (e.g., healthy eating doesn't need to be expensive, we've created a budget meal plan, want to see?) and education or informative approaches (e.g., "Did you know bananas are high in potassium which can aid in reducing blood pressure?"). CONCLUSION Findings can guide chatbot designers and nutrition behaviour change researchers on potential chatbot roles, features, style and language and messaging in order to support healthy eating knowledge and behaviours in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee M Ashton
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, 2308, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, 2308, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Active Living Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, 2305, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Marc Tp Adam
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, 2305, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Information and Physical Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, 2308, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Megan Whatnall
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, 2308, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, 2305, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Megan E Rollo
- Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, 6845, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Tracy L Burrows
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, 2308, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, 2305, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Vibeke Hansen
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, 2308, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Clare E Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, 2308, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, 2305, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.
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van Zyl LE, Gaffaney J, van der Vaart L, Dik BJ, Donaldson SI. The critiques and criticisms of positive psychology: A systematic review. THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2023.2178956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Llewellyn E. van Zyl
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, University of Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
- Department of Human Resource Management, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
- Department of Social Psychology, Institut für Psychologie, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jaclyn Gaffaney
- Division of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, CA, USA
| | | | - Bryan J. Dik
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Stewart I Donaldson
- Division of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, CA, USA
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Kaye-Tzadok A, Icekson T. A phenomenological exploration of work-related post-traumatic growth among high-functioning adults maltreated as children. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1048295. [PMID: 36619051 PMCID: PMC9814126 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1048295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Childhood maltreatment is a highly prevalent traumatic experience, and its adverse psychological and behavioral consequences are well-documented. Notwithstanding these adverse outcomes, many individuals who suffered from traumatic experiences report post-traumatic growth, i.e., transformative positive changes resulting from their struggle to cope. Post-traumatic growth has been extensively explored among adult survivors of childhood maltreatment, with findings indicating both the previously recognized domains (personal strength, relating to others, appreciation of life, openness to new possibilities, and spiritual change) as well as abuse-specific domains of growth (e.g., increased ability to protect themselves from abuse). However, little attention has been given to vocational aspects of post-traumatic growth among survivors, despite the central role and importance of work in adulthood. Exploration of post-traumatic growth at work has focused on certain vocational traumatic experiences, such as those which occur in the military, or through secondary trauma. This exploratory qualitative study focuses on the question: What is the lived experience of work-related post-traumatic growth among high-functioning adult survivors of CM? Method Twenty in-depth interviews were held with high-functioning working adults who were maltreated as children. Phenomenological analysis was applied to the retrospective data reported in these interviews. Result Rich descriptions of work-related positive psychological changes were provided by all participants. Analysis revealed that survivors' post-traumatic growth corresponded with all five previously recognized domains of growth: changes in self, relating to others, openness to new possibilities, finding meaning to the abuse, and appreciation of life. It also revealed that work is perceived as a form of resistance (a subtheme of changes in self), and that finding meaning entails three emerging subthemes: being a survivor and a role model, giving others what was needed and never received, and making a better world. Discussion While the vocational lives of survivors of childhood maltreatment have rarely been examined through the lens of post-traumatic growth, our results show this lens to be highly valuable. Work-related post-traumatic growth has relevance not only regarding vocational traumas occurring in adulthood as has been previously studied, but also in the context of childhood traumas. Moreover, our research broadens the understanding of the possible domains of work-related growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avital Kaye-Tzadok
- Social Work Department and the Lior Tsfaty Center for Suicide and Mental Pain Studies, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel,*Correspondence: Avital Kaye-Tzadok,
| | - Tamar Icekson
- Program in Organizational Development & Consulting, School of Behavioral Sciences, Peres Academic Center, Rehovot, Israel,Departments of Management and Education, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Sjöblom K, Mäkiniemi JP, Mäkikangas A. "I Was Given Three Marks and Told to Buy a Porsche"-Supervisors' Experiences of Leading Psychosocial Safety Climate and Team Psychological Safety in a Remote Academic Setting. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12016. [PMID: 36231318 PMCID: PMC9565942 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study examines leading psychosocial safety climate (PSC) within the organization and psychological safety in teams in remote work conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. These topical working life phenomena have an essential role in health, well-being and productivity in today's working life, but they have rarely been studied in remote work context. A total of 26 supervisors and leaders at three Finnish universities participated in semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis, resulting in four main categories: supportive and challenging aspects of leading psychological safety and well-being, supportive and challenging aspects of organizational psychosocial safety climate leadership, support for working as a supervisor, and characteristics specific to working in academia. The results indicate that leading psychological safety remotely requires more time, deliberation and intentionality than when working face to face, and that the role of remote interaction is underlined in it. As to PSC, it is important to improve the cohesion in leading psychological safety and health in academic organizations. How PSC is led in the organizations affects not only the general psychosocial working conditions, but also the possibilities for good leadership of psychological safety in smaller units in the organization. The study makes a novel contribution especially in understanding (1) leadership of PSC and psychological safety in remote work conditions, and (2) the reciprocal relations between leading psychological safety and well-being at the organizational level and the team level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi Sjöblom
- Work Research Centre, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Anne Mäkikangas
- Work Research Centre, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
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The M-Commerce of Solar Energy Applications: An Analysis of Solar Energy Consumers’ Effort Paradox. ELECTRONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics11152357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The mobile commerce of applications integrating solar thermal collectors, together with their configuring applications, has started to develop. Such applications are not only a business opportunity but also a sustainable and feasible solution for energy consumers who are more and more digitalised. This paper focuses on understanding behaviours in niche markets formed by small-sized and/or isolated consumers who need customized, sustainable and economically efficient applications for heating water for domestic and business use. We chose the focus group interview as the method of research. Primary data were collected in Romania and analysed with Atlas.ti 8. Firstly, the results revealed that consumers’ behavioural changes needed for switching to solar energy are influenced by their attitude regarding investment in this market as well as by the perceived social influences and control. Secondly, the results showed the effort paradox of small-sized and/or isolated users of applications integrating solar thermal collectors who shall be considered by developers and sellers alike in providing them with water heating solutions. In terms of business implications, we highlight that the cost-reduction strategy within enterprises is to go green, so major investments in solar technology in order to become energy independent and self-sufficient are envisaged on the long term, whereas the use of digital applications integrating it requires a high level of staff’s digital skills and the use of smart devices.
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Dunwoodie K, Macaulay L, Newman A. Qualitative interviewing in the field of work and organisational psychology: Benefits, challenges and guidelines for researchers and reviewers. APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW-PSYCHOLOGIE APPLIQUEE-REVUE INTERNATIONALE 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/apps.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Dunwoodie
- Department of Management, Deakin Business School Deakin University Geelong Victoria Australia
| | - Luke Macaulay
- Department of Management, Deakin Business School Deakin University Geelong Victoria Australia
| | - Alexander Newman
- Department of Management, Deakin Business School Deakin University Geelong Victoria Australia
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