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de Oliveira ID, Ferreira-Machado E, Garcia JM, Simões SRJS, Figueiredo KB, Ressio RA, da Costa ALM, Matos FN, Gonzaga CRR, Leandro SS, de Medeiros MA, Teixeira RHF, Martins MC, Takahashi JPF, de Araújo LJT, de Azevedo Fernandes NCC, Guerra JM. Disseminated paracoccidioidomycosis in a captive western black-handed tamarin (Saguinus niger). J Comp Pathol 2024; 214:1-6. [PMID: 39154414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2024.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is an endemic fungal disease that occurs in Latin America and primarily affects humans. The disease has been rarely documented in non-human primates. This report details a disseminated and fatal case of PCM caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in a western black-handed tamarin (Saguinus niger) under human care. Histopathological examination revealed extensive pyogranulomatous inflammation in the lungs, spleen, liver, lymph nodes, kidneys, epididymis, right testicle, heart, adrenal gland and intestines, associated with characteristic yeast forms consistent with Paracoccidioides spp and confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Molecular analysis indicated a high nucleotide similarity with P. brasiliensis sequences for both the 18S rRNA and gp43 genes. This naturally occurring infection highlights the susceptibility of these animals to PCM and their role in ecoepidemiology warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle D de Oliveira
- Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 351, São Paulo, SP 01246-000, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde do Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual, Avenida Ibirapuera, 981, Sao Paulo, SP 04029-000, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ferreira-Machado
- Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 351, São Paulo, SP 01246-000, Brazil; Laboratório de Patologia Comparada de Animais Selvagens, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Meddicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 70, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Jamile M Garcia
- Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 351, São Paulo, SP 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Sarah R J S Simões
- Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 351, São Paulo, SP 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Ketlyn B Figueiredo
- Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 351, São Paulo, SP 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Ressio
- Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 351, São Paulo, SP 01246-000, Brazil
| | - André L M da Costa
- Parque Zoológico Municipal de Sorocaba "Quinzinho de Barros", R. Teodoro Kaisel, 883, Sorocaba, SP 18020-268, Brazil
| | - Flora N Matos
- Parque Zoológico Municipal de Sorocaba "Quinzinho de Barros", R. Teodoro Kaisel, 883, Sorocaba, SP 18020-268, Brazil
| | - Cássia R R Gonzaga
- Parque Zoológico Municipal de Sorocaba "Quinzinho de Barros", R. Teodoro Kaisel, 883, Sorocaba, SP 18020-268, Brazil
| | - Shamira S Leandro
- Parque Zoológico Municipal de Sorocaba "Quinzinho de Barros", R. Teodoro Kaisel, 883, Sorocaba, SP 18020-268, Brazil
| | - Marina A de Medeiros
- Parque Zoológico Municipal de Sorocaba "Quinzinho de Barros", R. Teodoro Kaisel, 883, Sorocaba, SP 18020-268, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo H F Teixeira
- Parque Zoológico Municipal de Sorocaba "Quinzinho de Barros", R. Teodoro Kaisel, 883, Sorocaba, SP 18020-268, Brazil
| | - Mariana C Martins
- Parque Zoológico Municipal de Sorocaba "Quinzinho de Barros", R. Teodoro Kaisel, 883, Sorocaba, SP 18020-268, Brazil
| | - Juliana P F Takahashi
- Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 351, São Paulo, SP 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Leonardo J T de Araújo
- Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 351, São Paulo, SP 01246-000, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde do Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual, Avenida Ibirapuera, 981, Sao Paulo, SP 04029-000, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana M Guerra
- Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 351, São Paulo, SP 01246-000, Brazil; Laboratório de Patologia Comparada de Animais Selvagens, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Meddicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 70, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil.
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2
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de Souza Scramignon-Costa B, Almeida-Silva F, Wanke B, Weksler M, Moratelli R, do Valle ACF, Zancopé-Oliveira RM, Almeida-Paes R, Bueno C, de Macedo PM. Molecular eco-epidemiology of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in road-killed mammals reveals Cerdocyon thous and Cuniculus paca as new hosts harboring this fungal pathogen. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256668. [PMID: 34428263 PMCID: PMC8384157 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild animals infected with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis represent important indicators of this fungal agent presence in the environment. The detection of this pathogen in road-killed wild animals has shown to be a key strategy for eco-epidemiological surveillance of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), helping to map hot spots for human infection. Molecular detection of P. brasiliensis in wild animals from PCM outbreak areas has not been performed so far. The authors investigated the presence of P. brasiliensis through nested-PCR in tissue samples obtained from road-killed animals collected nearby a human PCM outbreak spot, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil and border areas. Eighteen species of mammals were analyzed: Dasypus novemcinctus (nine-banded armadillo, n = 6), Cerdocyon thous (crab-eating fox, n = 4), Coendou spinosus (hairy dwarf porcupine, n = 2), Lontra longicaudis (Neotropical river otter, n = 1), Procyon cancrivorus (crab-eating raccoon, n = 1), Galactis cuja (lesser grison, n = 1), Tamandua tetradactyla (collared anteater, n = 1), Cuniculus paca (paca, n = 1), and Bradypus variegatus (brown-throated three-toed sloth, n = 1). Specific P. brasiliensis sequences were detected in the liver, spleen, and lymph node samples from 4/6 (66.7%) D. novemcinctus, reinforcing the importance of these animals on Paracoccidioides ecology. Moreover, lymph nodes samples from two C. thous, as well as lung samples from the C. paca were also positive. A literature review of Paracoccidioides spp. in vertebrates in Brazil indicates C. thous and C. paca as new hosts for the fungal pathogen P. brasiliensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno de Souza Scramignon-Costa
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatologia Infecciosa, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernando Almeida-Silva
- Laboratório de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bodo Wanke
- Laboratório de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Weksler
- Departamento de Vertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Moratelli
- Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Francesconi do Valle
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatologia Infecciosa, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosely Maria Zancopé-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Almeida-Paes
- Laboratório de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cecília Bueno
- Núcleo de Estudos de Vertebrados Silvestres, Universidade Veiga de Almeida, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Priscila Marques de Macedo
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatologia Infecciosa, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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3
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Zhou S, Krzton A, Gao S, Guo C, Xiang Z. Effects of human activity on the habitat utilization of Himalayan marmot ( Marmota himalayana) in Zoige wetland. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:8957-8968. [PMID: 34257938 PMCID: PMC8258216 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Human activity is increasingly and persistently disturbing nature and wild animals. Affected wildlife adopts multiple strategies to deal with different human influences. To explore the effect of human activity on habitat utilization of Himalayan marmot (Marmota himalayana), habitat utilization patterns of three neighboring marmot populations in habitats affected differently by human activities were recorded and compared. We found that (a) distance between reproductive burrows (a represent of reproductive pairs) becomes shorter under the influence of human activities, and more burrows were dug as temporary shelters, resulting in shorter distance between those shelters and shorter distance flee to those shelters and, consequently, shorter flight initiation distance when threatened. More burrows that are closer to the disturbed habitats improve the ability to escape from threats. (b) Reproductive burrow site selection of the species is determined by the availability of mounds in the habitat, and breeding pairs selectively build reproductive (also the hibernation) burrows on mounds, potentially to improve surveillance when basking and the drainage of burrows. Human activities generally drive breeding pairs away from the road to dig their reproductive burrows likely to reduce disturbance from vehicles. However, even heavy human activity exerts no pressure on the distance of reproductive burrows from the road or the mound volume of the high disturbance population, potentially because mounds are the best burrowing site to reproduce and hibernate in the habitat. Marmots deal with disturbance by digging more burrows in the habitat to flee more effectively and building reproductive burrows on mounds to gain better vigilance and drainage efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuailing Zhou
- College of Life Science and TechnologyCentral South University of Forestry & TechnologyChangshaChina
| | - Ali Krzton
- Department of Research and InstructionRBD LibraryAuburn UniversityAuburnALUSA
| | - Shuai Gao
- College of Life Science and TechnologyCentral South University of Forestry & TechnologyChangshaChina
| | - Cheng Guo
- College of Life Science and TechnologyCentral South University of Forestry & TechnologyChangshaChina
| | - Zuofu Xiang
- College of Life Science and TechnologyCentral South University of Forestry & TechnologyChangshaChina
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Bagagli E, Matute DR, Garces HG, Tenório BG, Garces AG, Alves LGDB, Yamauchi DH, Hrycyk MF, Barker BM, Teixeira MDM. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Isolated from Nine-Banded Armadillos ( Dasypus novemcinctus) Reveal Population Structure and Admixture in the Amazon Basin. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:54. [PMID: 33467393 PMCID: PMC7829815 DOI: 10.3390/jof7010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Paracoccidioidomycosis is an endemic fungal disease to Latin America caused by at least five species-level genotypes of Paracoccidioides, named P. lutzii, P. brasiliensis (S1a and S1b populations), P. americana, P. restrepiensis, and P. venezuelensis. In this manuscript, we report on Paracoccidioides sp. sampling efforts in armadillos from two different areas in Brazil. We sequenced the genomes of seven Paracoccidioides isolates and used phylogenomics and populations genetics for genotyping. We found that P. brasiliensis and P. lutzii are both present in the Amazon region. Additionally, we identified two Paracoccidioides isolates that seem to be the result of admixture between divergent populations within P. brasiliensis sensu stricto. Both of these isolates were recovered from armadillos in a P. lutzii endemic area in Midwestern Brazil. Additionally, two isolates from human patients also show evidence of resulting from admixture. Our results suggest that the populations of P. brasiliensis sensu stricto exchange genes in nature. More generally, they suggest that population structure and admixture within species is an important source of variation for pathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Bagagli
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Botucatu SP 18618-691, Brazil; (E.B.); (H.G.G.); (A.G.G.); (D.H.Y.)
| | | | - Hans Garcia Garces
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Botucatu SP 18618-691, Brazil; (E.B.); (H.G.G.); (A.G.G.); (D.H.Y.)
| | - Bernardo Guerra Tenório
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília DF 70910-900, Brazil; (B.G.T.); (L.G.d.B.A.)
| | - Adalberto Garcia Garces
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Botucatu SP 18618-691, Brazil; (E.B.); (H.G.G.); (A.G.G.); (D.H.Y.)
| | | | - Danielle Hamae Yamauchi
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Botucatu SP 18618-691, Brazil; (E.B.); (H.G.G.); (A.G.G.); (D.H.Y.)
| | - Marluce Francisca Hrycyk
- Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Agrárias, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Campus de Alta Floresta, Alta Floresta MT 78580-000, Brazil;
| | - Bridget Marie Barker
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Marcus de Melo Teixeira
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília DF 70910-900, Brazil; (B.G.T.); (L.G.d.B.A.)
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
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Use of an Argentinean Wildlife Tissue Collection for Epidemiological Studies of Histoplasmosis. Mycopathologia 2020; 185:905-915. [PMID: 31993951 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-020-00430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Histoplasmosis is a worldwide systemic endemic mycosis caused by several cryptic species included within the Histoplasma capsulatum complex. Domestic and wild mammals are susceptible to infection by this fungus and could be used as indicators of its presence in the environment. The aim of the study was to identify the natural reservoirs of H. capsulatum in the Argentinean Humid Pampas eco-region analyzing a wildlife frozen-tissue collection and trace its distribution patterns over time and space. Tissue samples from 34 small wild mammals caught in the Humid Pampas were analyzed using two molecular markers: 100 kDa protein coding gene (Hcp100) and ITS1 rDNA. Results showed that 32.4% of them were infected with H. capsulatum and its DNA was detected in 5/17 Calomys laucha; 3/6 Calomys musculinus; 1/5 Akodon azarae, 1/3 Monodelphis dimidiata; and 1/2 Didelphis albiventris. In the single specimen studied of Cavia aperea, no H. capsulatum DNA was detected. This is the first H. capsulatum infection report in C. laucha and C. musculinus rodents and M. dimidiate opossum which proves that tissue collections are an important source of material for epidemiological studies of endemic disease over time.
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Sandoval Barron E, Swift B, Chantrey J, Christley R, Gardner R, Jewell C, McGrath I, Mitchell A, O'Cathail C, Prosser A, Ridout S, Sanchez-Cabezudo G, Smith N, Timofte D, Williams N, Bennett M. A study of tuberculosis in road traffic-killed badgers on the edge of the British bovine TB epidemic area. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17206. [PMID: 30523345 PMCID: PMC6283848 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35652-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of badgers in the geographic expansion of the bovine tuberculosis (bTB) epidemic in England is unknown: indeed there have been few published studies of bTB in badgers outside of the Southwest of England where the infection is now endemic in cattle. Cheshire is now on the edge of the expanding area of England in which bTB is considered endemic in cattle. Previous studies, over a decade ago when bovine infection was rare in Cheshire, found no or only few infected badgers in the south eastern area of the county. In this study, carried out in 2014, road-killed badgers were collected through a network of local stakeholders (farmers, veterinarians, wildlife groups, government agencies), and Mycobacterium bovis was isolated from 21% (20/94) badger carcasses. Furthermore, there was strong evidence for co-localisation of M. bovis SB0129 (genotype 25) infection in both badgers and cattle herds at a county scale. While these findings suggest that both badgers and cattle are part of the same geographically expanding epidemic, the direction of any cross-species transmission and the drivers of this expansion cannot be determined. The study also demonstrated the utility of using road-killed badgers collected by stakeholders as a means of wildlife TB surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Sandoval Barron
- School Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Ben Swift
- Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Julian Chantrey
- Institutes of Infection and Global Health and Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Robert Christley
- Institutes of Infection and Global Health and Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Colman O'Cathail
- School Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Dorina Timofte
- Institutes of Infection and Global Health and Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Nicola Williams
- Institutes of Infection and Global Health and Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Malcolm Bennett
- School Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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da Paz GS, Adorno BMV, Richini-Pereira VB, Bosco SMG, Langoni H. Infection byHistoplasma capsulatum, Cryptococcusspp. andParacoccidioides brasiliensisin bats collected in urban areas. Transbound Emerg Dis 2018; 65:1797-1805. [DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giselle S. da Paz
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista; Botucatu Brazil
| | - Brunna Mayla V. Adorno
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista; Botucatu Brazil
| | - Virgínia B. Richini-Pereira
- Center of Regional Laboratories II - Bauru; Center of Biomedical Science; Adolfo Lutz Institute; Bauru Brazil
| | - Sandra M. G. Bosco
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Biosciences Institute; UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista; Botucatu Brazil
| | - Helio Langoni
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista; Botucatu Brazil
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Losnak DO, Rocha FR, Almeida BS, Batista KZS, Althoff SL, Haupt J, Ruiz LS, Anversa L, Lucheis SB, Paiz LM, Donalisio MR, Richini Pereira VB. Molecular detection of fungi of public health importance in wild animals from Southern Brazil. Mycoses 2018; 61:455-463. [PMID: 29575049 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Some animals have an important relationship with fungal infections, and searching for pathogens in animal samples may be an opportunity for eco-epidemiological research. Since studies involving wildlife are generally restricted, using samples from road kills is an alternative. The aim of this study was to verify whether pathogenic fungi of public health importance occur in wildlife road kills from Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Organ samples (n = 1063) from 297 animals were analysed according to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using universal primers to detect fungi in general and, subsequently, using primers specific to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Histoplasma capsulatum and Cryptococcus spp. There were 102 samples positive for fungal species. Eight samples were positive for P. brasiliensis, three samples were positive for Cryptococcus spp. and one sample had coinfection by these two fungi. No sample was positive for Histoplasma spp. according to the molecular detection. Genetic sequencing allowed the identification of Fungal sp. in 89 samples, Cryptococcus neoformans in two samples and Aspergillus penicillioides in three samples. This study shows the importance of wild animals in the epidemiology of fungal infections and assists in the mapping of pathogen occurrence in a region that was not previously evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora O Losnak
- Department of Tropical Diseases and Imaging Diagnosis, Botucatu Medical School, Unesp - Univ Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francielle R Rocha
- Adolfo Lutz Institute, Center of Regional Laboratories II - Bauru, Center of Biomedical Science, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Barbara S Almeida
- Adolfo Lutz Institute, Center of Regional Laboratories II - Bauru, Center of Biomedical Science, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Keila Z S Batista
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Natural Sciences, Regional University of Blumenau, Blumenau-SC, Brazil
| | - Sérgio L Althoff
- Laboratory of Animal Biology, Department of Natural Sciences, Regional University of Blumenau, Blumenau-SC, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana S Ruiz
- Adolfo Lutz Institute, Center of Regional Laboratories II - Bauru, Center of Biomedical Science, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laís Anversa
- Adolfo Lutz Institute, Center of Regional Laboratories II - Bauru, Center of Biomedical Science, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Laís M Paiz
- Department of Public Health, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Donalisio
- Department of Public Health, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Virginia B Richini Pereira
- Adolfo Lutz Institute, Center of Regional Laboratories II - Bauru, Center of Biomedical Science, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mendes RP, Cavalcante RDS, Marques SA, Marques MEA, Venturini J, Sylvestre TF, Paniago AMM, Pereira AC, da Silva JDF, Fabro AT, Bosco SDMG, Bagagli E, Hahn RC, Levorato AD. Paracoccidioidomycosis: Current Perspectives from Brazil. Open Microbiol J 2017; 11:224-282. [PMID: 29204222 PMCID: PMC5695158 DOI: 10.2174/1874285801711010224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review article summarizes and updates the knowledge on paracoccidioidomycosis. P lutzii and the cryptic species of P. brasiliensis and their geographical distribution in Latin America, explaining the difficulties observed in the serological diagnosis. OBJECTIVES Emphasis has been placed on some genetic factors as predisposing condition for paracoccidioidomycosis. Veterinary aspects were focused, showing the wide distribution of infection among animals. The cell-mediated immunity was better characterized, incorporating the recent findings. METHODS Serological methods for diagnosis were also compared for their parameters of accuracy, including the analysis of relapse. RESULTS Clinical forms have been better classified in order to include the pictures less frequently observesiod. CONCLUSION Itraconazole and the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole combination was compared regarding efficacy, effectiveness and safety, demonstrating that azole should be the first choice in the treatment of paracoccidioidomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinaldo Poncio Mendes
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – São Paulo State University – UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo de Souza Cavalcante
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – São Paulo State University – UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sílvio Alencar Marques
- Department of Dermatology, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – São Paulo State University – UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - James Venturini
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, São Paulo State University – UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Fernanda Sylvestre
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – São Paulo State University – UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anamaria Mello Miranda Paniago
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina – Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul – UFMS, Brazil
| | | | - Julhiany de Fátima da Silva
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – São Paulo State University – UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Todorovic Fabro
- Unit of Experimental Research, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – São Paulo State University – UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra de Moraes Gimenes Bosco
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology – Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu – São Paulo State University – UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bagagli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology – Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu – São Paulo State University – UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosane Christine Hahn
- Laboratory of Investigation and Mycology, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Faculty of Medicine Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Adriele Dandara Levorato
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – São Paulo State University – UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
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Arantes TD, Theodoro RC, Teixeira MDM, Bagagli E. Use of fluorescent oligonucleotide probes for differentiation between Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Paracoccidioides lutzii in yeast and mycelial phase. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2017; 112:140-145. [PMID: 28177048 PMCID: PMC5293123 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760160374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) associated with Tyramide Signal Amplification (TSA) using oligonucleotides labeled with non-radioactive fluorophores is a promising technique for detection and differentiation of fungal species in environmental or clinical samples, being suitable for microorganisms which are difficult or even impossible to culture. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to standardise an in situ hybridisation technique for the differentiation between the pathogenic species Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Paracoccidioides lutzii, by using species-specific DNA probes targeting the internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS-1) of the rRNA gene. METHODS Yeast and mycelial phase of each Paracoccidioides species, were tested by two different detection/differentiation techniques: TSA-FISH for P. brasiliensis with HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) linked to the probe 5' end; and FISH for P. lutzii with the fluorophore TEXAS RED-X® also linked to the probe 5' end. After testing different protocols, the optimised procedure for both techniques was accomplished without cross-positivity with other pathogenic fungi. FINDINGS The in silico and in vitro tests show no reaction with controls, like Candida and Cryptococcus (in silico) and Histoplasma capsulatum and Aspergillus spp. (in vitro). For both phases (mycelial and yeast) the in situ hybridisation showed dots of hybridisation, with no cross-reaction between them, with a lower signal for Texas Red probe than HRP-TSA probe. The dots of hybridisation was confirmed with genetic material marked with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), visualised in a different filter (WU) on fluorescent microscopic. MAIN CONCLUSION Our results indicated that TSA-FISH and/or FISH are suitable for in situ detection and differentiation of Paracoccidioides species. This approach has the potential for future application in clinical samples for the improvement of paracoccidioidomycosis patients prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thales Domingos Arantes
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Botucatu, SP, Brasil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Centro de Biociências, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Raquel Cordeiro Theodoro
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Centro de Biociências, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brasil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Marcus de Melo Teixeira
- Northern Arizona Center for Valley Fever Research, Translational Genomics Research Institute - Tgen North, Phoenix, AZ, US
| | - Eduardo Bagagli
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
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Gonzalez A, Hernandez O. New insights into a complex fungal pathogen: the case of Paracoccidioides spp. Yeast 2016; 33:113-28. [PMID: 26683539 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Paracoccidioidomycosis is a systemic mycosis endemic to Latin America, with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and P. lutzii being the causal agents of this disorder. Several issues have been raised in the 100 years since its discovery and in this article we discuss features of this fascinating fungal pathogen, including its biology, eco-epidemiology and aspects of its pathogenicity. We also consider some of its virulence determinants, the most recent advances in the study of its metabolic pathways and the molecular and genetic research tools developed for this research. We also review the animal models used to study host-fungal interactions and how the host defence mechanisms against this pathogen work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Gonzalez
- Basic and Applied Microbiology Research Group (MICROBA), School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Orville Hernandez
- Basic and Applied Microbiology Research Group (MICROBA), School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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Van Bressem MF, Simões-Lopes PC, Félix F, Kiszka JJ, Daura-Jorge FG, Avila IC, Secchi ER, Flach L, Fruet PF, du Toit K, Ott PH, Elwen S, Di Giacomo AB, Wagner J, Banks A, Van Waerebeek K. Epidemiology of lobomycosis-like disease in bottlenose dolphins Tursiops spp. from South America and southern Africa. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2015; 117:59-75. [PMID: 26575156 DOI: 10.3354/dao02932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report on the epidemiology of lobomycosis-like disease (LLD), a cutaneous disorder evoking lobomycosis, in 658 common bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus from South America and 94 Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins T. aduncus from southern Africa. Photographs and stranding records of 387 inshore residents, 60 inshore non-residents and 305 specimens of undetermined origin (inshore and offshore) were examined for the presence of LLD lesions from 2004 to 2015. Seventeen residents, 3 non-residents and 1 inshore dolphin of unknown residence status were positive. LLD lesions appeared as single or multiple, light grey to whitish nodules and plaques that may ulcerate and increase in size over time. Among resident dolphins, prevalence varied significantly among 4 communities, being low in Posorja (2.35%, n = 85), Ecuador, and high in Salinas, Ecuador (16.7%, n = 18), and Laguna, Brazil (14.3%, n = 42). LLD prevalence increased in 36 T. truncatus from Laguna from 5.6% in 2007-2009 to 13.9% in 2013-2014, albeit not significantly. The disease has persisted for years in dolphins from Mayotte, Laguna, Salinas, the Sanquianga National Park and Bahía Málaga (Colombia) but vanished from the Tramandaí Estuary and the Mampituba River (Brazil). The geographical range of LLD has expanded in Brazil, South Africa and Ecuador, in areas that have been regularly surveyed for 10 to 35 yr. Two of the 21 LLD-affected dolphins were found dead with extensive lesions in southern Brazil, and 2 others disappeared, and presumably died, in Ecuador. These observations stress the need for targeted epidemiological, histological and molecular studies of LLD in dolphins, especially in the Southern Hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Françoise Van Bressem
- Cetacean Conservation Medicine Group (CMED), Peruvian Centre for Cetacean Research (CEPEC), Museo de Delfines, Pucusana, Peru
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ARANTES TD, BAGAGLI E, NIÑO-VEGA G, SAN-BLAS G, THEODORO RC. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis AND Paracoccidioides lutzii, A SECRET LOVE AFFAIR. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2015; 57 Suppl 19:25-30. [PMID: 26465366 PMCID: PMC4711194 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652015000700006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To commemorate Prof. Carlos da Silva Lacaz's centennial anniversary, the authors have written a brief account of a few, out of hundreds, biological, ecological, molecular and phylogenetic studies that led to the arrival of Paracoccidioides lutzii, hidden for more than a century within Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Lacaz's permanent interest in this fungus, and particularly his conviction on the benefits that research on paracoccidioidomycosis would bring to patients, were pivotal in the development of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thales Domingos ARANTES
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências/UNESP, Depto.
Microbiologia e Imunologia, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical/IMT, Laboratório de Virologia e
Micologia, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Eduardo BAGAGLI
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências/UNESP, Depto.
Microbiologia e Imunologia, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Gustavo NIÑO-VEGA
- Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Laboratorio
de Micología, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Gioconda SAN-BLAS
- Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Laboratorio
de Micología, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Raquel Cordeiro THEODORO
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Depto. de Biologia Celular
e Genética, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brasil
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Sbeghen MR, Zanata TB, Macagnan R, de Abreu KC, da Cunha WL, Watanabe MAE, de Camargo ZP, Ono MA. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Infection in Small Wild Mammals. Mycopathologia 2015; 180:435-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-015-9928-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sil A, Andrianopoulos A. Thermally Dimorphic Human Fungal Pathogens--Polyphyletic Pathogens with a Convergent Pathogenicity Trait. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2014; 5:a019794. [PMID: 25384771 PMCID: PMC4526722 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a019794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Fungi are adept at changing their cell shape and developmental program in response to signals in their surroundings. Here we focus on a group of evolutionarily related fungal pathogens of humans known as the thermally dimorphic fungi. These organisms grow in a hyphal form in the environment but shift their morphology drastically within a mammalian host. Temperature is one of the main host signals that initiates their conversion to the "host" form and is sufficient in the laboratory to trigger establishment of this host-adapted developmental program. Here we discuss the major human pathogens in this group, which are Blastomyces dermatiditis, Coccidioides immitis/posadasii, Histoplasma capsulatum, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis/lutzii, Sporothrix schenckii, and Talaromyces marneffei (formerly known as Penicillium marneffei). The majority of these organisms are primary pathogens, with the ability to cause disease in healthy humans who encounter them in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Sil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - Alex Andrianopoulos
- Department of Genetics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Richini-Pereira VB, Marson PM, Hayasaka EY, Victoria C, da Silva RC, Langoni H. Molecular detection of Leishmania spp. in road-killed wild mammals in the Central Western area of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2014; 20:27. [PMID: 24963288 PMCID: PMC4068874 DOI: 10.1186/1678-9199-20-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Road-killed wild animals have been classified as sentinels for detecting such zoonotic pathogens as Leishmania spp., offering new opportunities for epidemiological studies of this infection. Methods This study aimed to evaluate the presence of Leishmania spp. and Leishmania chagasi DNA by PCR in tissue samples (lung, liver, spleen, kidney, heart, mesenteric lymph node and adrenal gland) from 70 road-killed wild animals. Results DNA was detected in tissues of one Cavia aperea (Brazilian guinea pig), five Cerdocyon thous (crab-eating fox), one Dasypus septemcinctus (seven-banded armadillo), two Didelphis albiventris (white-eared opossum), one Hydrochoerus hydrochoeris (capybara), two Myrmecophaga tridactyla (giant anteater), one Procyon cancrivorus (crab-eating raccoon), two Sphiggurus spinosus (porcupine) and one Tamandua tetradactyla (lesser anteater) from different locations in the Central Western part of São Paulo state. The Leishmania chagasi DNA were confirmed in mesenteric lymph node of one Cerdocyon thous. Results indicated common infection in wild animals. Conclusions The approach employed herein proved useful for detecting the environmental occurrence of Leishmania spp. and L. chagasi, as well as determining natural wild reservoirs and contributing to understand the host-parasite interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Bodelão Richini-Pereira
- Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Distrito de Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Pamela Merlo Marson
- Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Distrito de Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Enio Yoshinori Hayasaka
- Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Distrito de Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Cassiano Victoria
- Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Distrito de Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Costa da Silva
- Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Distrito de Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Hélio Langoni
- Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Distrito de Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
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Marques SA. Paracoccidioidomycosis: epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and treatment up-dating. An Bras Dermatol 2014; 88:700-11. [PMID: 24173174 PMCID: PMC3798345 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20132463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Paracoccidioidomycosis is an acute - to chronic systemic mycosis caused by fungi of
the genus Paracoccidioides. Due to its frequent tegument clinical expression,
paracoccidioidomycosis is an important disease for dermatologists, who must be
up-to-date about it. This article focuses on recent epidemiological data and
discusses the new insights coming from molecular studies, as well as those related to
clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. In the latter section, we give
particular attention to the guideline on paracoccidioidomycosis organized by
specialists in this subject.
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Wild animals as sentinels of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Mycopathologia 2014; 177:207-15. [PMID: 24570039 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-014-9731-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, a dimorphic pathogenic fungus, causes the principal form of systemic mycosis in Brazil. The literature furnishes only limited data on the ecology of this fungus in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, the southernmost state of Brazil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of fungal infection in wild animals, using serological tests and using the animals as sentinels of the presence of P. brasiliensis in three specified mesoregions of Rio Grande do Sul. A total of 128 wild animals from the three mesoregions were included in the study. The serum samples were evaluated by immunodiffusion and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique to detect anti-gp43 antibodies from P. brasiliensis. Two conjugates were tested and compared with the ELISA technique. Although no positive samples were detected by immunodiffusion, 26 animals (20%), belonging to 13 distinct species, were found to be seropositive by the ELISA technique. The seropositive animals were from two mesoregions of the state. The results were similar according to the gender, age, and family of the animals, but differed significantly according to the conjugate used (p < 0.001), showing more sensitivity to protein A-peroxidase than to protein G-peroxidase. The finding that wild animals from the state of Rio Grande do Sul are exposed to P. brasiliensis suggests that the fungus can be found in this region despite the often-rigorous winters, which frequently include below-freezing temperatures.
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Detection of Antibodies Against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in Free-Range Domestic Pigs (Sus scrofa). Mycopathologia 2014; 177:91-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-013-9724-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Belitardo DR, Calefi AS, Sbeghen MR, de Oliveira GG, Watanabe MAE, de Camargo ZP, Ono MA. Paracoccidioides brasiliensisinfection in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Mycoses 2013; 57:222-7. [DOI: 10.1111/myc.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Atilio Sersun Calefi
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas; Universidade Estadual de Londrina; Londrina Brazil
| | - Mônica Raquel Sbeghen
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas; Universidade Estadual de Londrina; Londrina Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mario Augusto Ono
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas; Universidade Estadual de Londrina; Londrina Brazil
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de Oliveira GG, Belitardo DR, Balarin MRS, Freire RL, de Camargo ZP, Ono MA. Serological Survey of Paracoccidioidomycosis in Cats. Mycopathologia 2013; 176:299-302. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-013-9681-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Evaluation of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Infection in Dairy Goats. Mycopathologia 2013; 176:95-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-013-9644-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Corte AC, Gennari SM, Labruna MB, Camargo LM, Itano EN, Freire RL, Camargo ZP, Ono MA. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection in dogs from Western Brazilian Amazon. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2012000700011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection in urban dogs from the municipality of Monte Negro, Rondonia, Western Brazilian Amazon. The serum samples (n=126) were analyzed by indirect ELISA and the immunodiffusion test using P. brasiliensis gp43 and exoantigen as antigens, respectively. A positivity of 54.8% was observed only in the ELISA test and no statistical difference was observed in the seroprevalence in relation to age or sex. This is the first paracoccidioidomycosis survey carried out with dogs from the Western Brazilian Amazon. The higher positivity rates of P. brasiliensis infection observed in this study suggest that veterinarians must be alert to detect new cases of natural disease in dogs living in paracoccidioidomycosis endemic areas.
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Serological Survey of Paracoccidioidomycosis in Sheep. Mycopathologia 2011; 173:63-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-011-9463-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Serological Evidence of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Infection in Chickens from Paraná and Mato Grosso do Sul States, Brazil. Mycopathologia 2010; 171:197-202. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-010-9366-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Richini-Pereira VB, Bosco SDMG, Theodoro RC, Macoris SADG, Bagagli E. Molecular approaches for eco-epidemiological studies of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2010; 104:636-43. [PMID: 19722090 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762009000400018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2008] [Accepted: 04/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical mycology has greatly benefited from the introduction of molecular techniques. New knowledge on molecular genetics has provided both theoretical and practical frameworks, permitting important advances in our understanding of several aspects of pathogenic fungi. Considering Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in particular, important eco-epidemiological aspects, such as environmental distribution and new hosts were clarified through molecular approaches. These methodologies also contributed to a better understanding about the genetic variability of this pathogen; thus, P. brasiliensis is now assumed to represent a species complex. The present review focuses on some recent findings about the current taxonomic status of P. brasiliensis, its phylogenetic and speciation processes, as well as on some practical applications for the molecular detection of this pathogen in environmental and clinical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgínia Bodelão Richini-Pereira
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP 18618-000, Brasil
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Varani N, Baumgardner DJ, Czuprynski CJ, Paretsky DP. Attempted isolation of Blastomyces dermatitidis from the nares of dogs: Northern Wisconsin, USA. Med Mycol 2010; 47:780-2. [PMID: 19888812 DOI: 10.3109/13693780802709099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The nasal cavities of domestic animals may concentrate and allow isolation of environmentally acquired fungal pathogens. We obtained two swabs each from the nares of 110 asymptomatic, physically normal dogs from a veterinary practice in Eagle River, WI, USA, an area highly endemic for blastomycosis. Four of the tested dogs had past histories of blastomycosis. Samples were placed on yeast extract phosphate (Smith's) media at 20 degrees C but growth of Blastomyces dermatitidis was not observed on any of the 220 cultures. One dog developed cytologically confirmed B. dermatitidis one month following culture of its samples, 6 died of other illnesses, while 91/103 dogs completing follow-up have remained asymptomatic for three years. We did not observe nasal colonization by B. dermatitidis in this population of dogs with potential for sniffing and digging in an environment highly endemic for this fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niqole Varani
- University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Richini-Pereira VB, Bosco SMG, Theodoro RC, Barrozo L, Pedrini SCB, Rosa PS, Bagagli E. Importance of xenarthrans in the eco-epidemiology of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. BMC Res Notes 2009; 2:228. [PMID: 19919716 PMCID: PMC2784786 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-2-228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2009] [Accepted: 11/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several pathogens that cause important zoonotic diseases have been frequently associated with armadillos and other xenarthrans. This mammal group typically has evolved on the South American continent and many of its extant species are seriously threatened with extinction. Natural infection of armadillos with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in hyperendemic areas has provided a valuable opportunity for understanding the role of this mammal in the eco-epidemiology of Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), one of the most important systemic mycoses in Latin America. Findings This study aimed to detect P. brasiliensis in different xenarthran species (Dasypus novemcinctus, Cabassous spp., Euphractus sexcinctus, Tamandua tetradactyla and Myrmecophaga tridactyla), by molecular and mycological approaches, in samples obtained by one of the following strategies: i) from road-killed animals (n = 6); ii) from naturally dead animals (n = 8); iii) from animals that died in captivity (n = 9); and iv) from living animals captured from the wild (n = 2). Specific P. brasiliensis DNA was detected in several organs among 7/20 nine-banded armadillos (D. novemcinctus) and in 2/2 anteaters (M. tridactyla). The fungus was also cultured in tissue samples from one of two armadillos captured from the wild. Conclusion Members of the Xenarthra Order, especially armadillos, have some characteristics, including a weak cellular immune response and low body temperature, which make them suitable models for studying host-pathogen interaction. P. brasiliensis infection in wild animals, from PCM endemic areas, may be more common than initially postulated and reinforces the use of these animals as sentinels for the pathogen in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgínia B Richini-Pereira
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
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Fontana FF, dos Santos CTB, Esteves FM, Rocha A, Fernandes GF, do Amaral CC, Domingues MA, De Camargo ZP, Silva-Vergara ML. Seroepidemiological Survey of Paracoccidioidomycosis Infection Among Urban and Rural Dogs from Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Mycopathologia 2009; 169:159-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-009-9241-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Accepted: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Teixeira MM, Theodoro RC, de Carvalho MJA, Fernandes L, Paes HC, Hahn RC, Mendoza L, Bagagli E, San-Blas G, Felipe MSS. Phylogenetic analysis reveals a high level of speciation in the Paracoccidioides genus. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2009; 52:273-83. [PMID: 19376249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2009.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2008] [Revised: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 04/08/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic disease endemic to most of Latin America, with greatest impact in rural areas. The taxonomic status of one of the best studied Paracoccidioides isolates (Pb01) as P. brasiliensis remains unresolved due to its genomic differences from the other three previously described phylogenetic species (S1, PS2 and PS3; Carrero et al., 2008. Fungal Genet. Biol. 45, 605). Using the genealogic concordance method of phylogenetic species recognition (GCPSR) via maximum parsimony and Bayesian analysis, we identified a clade of 17 genotypically similar isolates, including Pb01, which are distinct from the S1/PS2/P3 clade. Consistent with GCPSR, this "Pb01-like" group can be considered a new phylogenetic species, since it is strongly supported by all independent and concatenated genealogies. "Pb01-like" species exhibit great sequence and morphological divergence from the S1/PS2/PS3 species clade, and we estimate that these groups last shared a common ancestor approximately 32 million years ago. In addition, recombination analysis revealed independent events inside both main groups suggesting reproductive isolation. Consequently, we recommend the formal description of the "Pb01-like" cluster as the new species Paracoccidioides lutzii, a tribute to Adolpho Lutz, discoverer of P. brasiliensis in 1908.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus M Teixeira
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Bagagli E, Theodoro RC, Bosco SMG, McEwen JG. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: phylogenetic and ecological aspects. Mycopathologia 2008; 165:197-207. [PMID: 18777629 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-007-9050-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge on the biological aspects of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis has evolved greatly since the first description of the disease in 1908. From the pioneers, who were able to clearly demonstrate the fungal nature of the agent, to the recent genomic era, important advances have been achieved. P. brasiliensis is a true fungus, belonging to the Ascomycetous Division, although its sexual phase has not been demonstrated morphologically. A better understanding of the fundamental aspects of the agent, especially its phylogeny and evolutionary history, will provide us with valuable insights allowing a better comprehension of the disease and our capacity to deal with the problem. Concerning the fungus's ecology, although some progress had been observed, the ecological niche of the pathogen has not been determined yet. The aim of the present review is to focus on the biological aspects of P. brasiliensis from an evolutionary point of view, addressing the fungus's phylogenetic aspects, in those special points that might be relevant for the pathogen/host interactions, the biological forces that have been acting on its origin and maintenance of virulence, as well as in determining the fungus's ecology and epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Bagagli
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Botucatu-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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