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Sun L, Zhang D, Liu J, Gao X, Suo C, Fei S, Huang Z, Wang Z, Chen H, Tao J, Han Z, Ju X, Wang Z, Gu M, Tan R. Left ventricular remodeling and its association with mineral and bone disorder in kidney transplant recipients. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2300303. [PMID: 38263697 PMCID: PMC10810624 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2300303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The assessment of left ventricular (LV) remodeling and its association with mineral and bone disorder (MBD) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) have not been systematically studied. We aimed to evaluate LV remodeling changes one year after kidney transplantation (KT) and identify their influencing factors. METHODS Ninety-five KTRs (68 males; ages 40.2 ± 10.8 years) were followed before and one year after KT. Traditional risk factors and bone metabolism indicators were assessed. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) were measured using two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography. The relationship between MBD and LV remodeling and the factors influencing LV remodeling were analyzed. RESULTS One year after KT, MBD was partially improved, mainly characterized by hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, hyperparathyroidism, 25-(OH) vitamin D deficiency, elevated bone turnover markers, and bone loss. LVMI, the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and the prevalence of LVDD decreased, while LVEF increased. LVH was positively associated with postoperative intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and iPTH nonnormalization. △LVMI was positively associated with preoperative type-I collagen N-terminal peptide and postoperative iPTH. LVEF was negatively associated with postoperative phosphorous. △LVEF was negatively associated with postoperative iPTH. LVDD was positively associated with postoperative lumbar spine osteoporosis. Preoperative LVMI was negatively associated with △LVMI and positively associated with △LVEF. Advanced age, increased BMI, diabetes, longer dialysis time, lower albumin level, and higher total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels were associated with LV remodeling. CONCLUSIONS LV remodeling partially improved after KT, showing a close relationship with MBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongliang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanjian Suo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuang Fei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengkai Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zijie Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Tao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijian Han
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobing Ju
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zengjun Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Gu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruoyun Tan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Klein GL. Phosphate as an adjunct to calcium in promoting coronary vascular calcification in chronic inflammatory states. eLife 2024; 13:e91808. [PMID: 38864841 PMCID: PMC11168742 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone releases calcium and phosphate in response to pro-inflammatory cytokine-mediated inflammation. The body develops impaired urinary excretion of phosphate with age and chronic inflammation given the reduction of the kidney protein Klotho, which is essential to phosphate excretion. Phosphate may also play a role in the development of the resistance of the parathyroid calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) to circulating calcium thus contributing to calcium retention in the circulation. Phosphate can contribute to vascular smooth muscle dedifferentiation with manifestation of osteoblastogenesis and ultimately endovascular calcium phosphate precipitation. Thus phosphate, along with calcium, contributes to the calcification and inflammation of atherosclerotic plaques and the origin of these elements is likely the bone, which serves as storage for the majority of the body's supply of extracellular calcium and phosphate. Early cardiac evaluation of patients with chronic inflammation and attempts at up-regulating the parathyroid CaSR with calcimimetics or introducing earlier anti-resorptive treatment with bone active pharmacologic agents may serve to delay onset or reduce the quantity of atherosclerotic plaque calcification in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon L Klein
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonUnited States
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Geng G, Li Z, Wang S, Yuan T, Quan G. Association between bone mineral density and coronary plaque burden in patients with coronary artery disease: a cross-sectional study using quantitative computed tomography. Coron Artery Dis 2024; 35:105-113. [PMID: 38164995 DOI: 10.1097/mca.0000000000001316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the association between osteoporosis and coronary calcification and coronary plaque burden in patients with atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS This study included 290 men and 177 postmenopausal women with angiography-confirmed atherosclerosis or CAD who underwent chest multidetector row computed tomography covering L1-L2 between September 2020 and October 2021. Quantitative computed tomography was used to measure the lumbar vertebra's bone mineral density (BMD). The coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and total coronary plaque burden were quantified using the Agatston and modified Gensini scores, respectively. Associations between BMD and CACS and modified Gensini scores were assessed using multivariate regression analysis. Lasso regression was used in model selection. RESULTS In men, BMD was inversely associated with CACS [ β = -0.24; 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.35 to -0.13; P < 0.001) and coronary artery calcification (CAC) presence [odds ratio (OR) = 0.71; 95% CI, 0.52-0.96; P = 0.03) in the unadjusted model. After adjusting for age, modified Gensini score, prior percutaneous coronary intervention and hypertension, BMD was inversely associated with CACS ( β = -0.11; 95% CI, -0.22 to -0.01; P = 0.04). In postmenopausal women, BMD was inversely associated with CACS ( β = -0.24; 95% CI, -0.39 to 0.10; P < 0.001) and CAC presence (OR = 0.66; 95% CI, 0.47-0.92; P = 0.01) in the unadjusted model but no other models ( P > 0.05). In both sexes, BMD did not correlate with the modified Gensini score or CAD prevalence (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION In patients with coronary atherosclerosis and CAD, BMD of the lumbar vertebra correlated inversely with CACS in men but not postmenopausal women. Additionally, BMD did not correlate with the modified Gensini score in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Geng
- Department of Medical Imaging, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shijiazhuang Second Hospital
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Department of Medical Imaging, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Guanmin Quan
- Department of Medical Imaging, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
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Asadi M, Razi F, Fahimfar N, Shirani S, Behzad G, Salari P. The Association of Coronary Artery Calcium Score and Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Bone Metab 2022; 29:245-254. [PMID: 36529867 PMCID: PMC9760776 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2022.29.4.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between osteoporosis, a common metabolic bone disorder, and atherosclerosis has been reported in different studies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between the coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and bone mineral density (BMD) at different sites and bone biomarkers in postmenopausal women. METHODS A total of 184 participants were enrolled in this study. The CACS and BMD at different sites, including the spinal, total hip, and femoral neck, were measured using computed tomography angiography and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, respectively. Serum levels of osteocalcin, β-C-terminal telopeptide (β-CTX), parathyroid hormone, and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D were measured. RESULTS A negative association between CACS and bone biomarker levels (osteocalcin, P=0.021; β-CTX, P=0.013) was noted. The univariable model showed an association between CACS and osteoporosis of the femoral neck (P=0.03). It was found that with an increase of 10 U in CACS, the odds of osteoporosis at the femoral neck escalates by 2% (odds ratio=1.02, 95% confidence interval, 1.002-1.03) using the multivariate logistic regression model, while such an association with osteoporosis could not be found at the spinal site. The best cutoff point of the calcium score was estimated to be 127. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that in postmenopausal women, coronary atherosclerosis is independently associated with osteoporosis of the femoral neck, but such an association could not be detected with spinal osteoporosis. The importance of screening for osteoporosis in patients with cardiovascular disease and the implications of preventive measures in the primary care setting were highlighted considering the common risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Asadi
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran
| | - Farideh Razi
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran
| | - Noushin Fahimfar
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran
| | - Shapour Shirani
- Head of Imaging Center, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran
| | - Ghazal Behzad
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran
| | - Pooneh Salari
- Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran
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Syu DK, Hsu SH, Yeh PC, Kuo YF, Huang YC, Jiang CC, Chen M. The association between coronary artery disease and osteoporosis: a population-based longitudinal study in Taiwan. Arch Osteoporos 2022; 17:91. [PMID: 35804272 PMCID: PMC9270282 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-022-01128-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This large population-based study is the first to analyze the association between coronary artery disease (CAD) and osteoporosis (OP) from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan to determine if CAD is associated with OP. METHODS Data from NHIRD, a national, population-based, retrospective, matched cohort study of 23 million patients, were collected to recruit two matched cohorts: with (n = 192,367) and without (n = 192,367) CAD. The Cox model was used to compare the incidence rate ratio and crude hazard ratio (HR) between the two cohorts for osteoporotic fracture and OP. RESULTS The CAD cohort had a significantly increased risk for vertebral compression fracture, with an adjusted HR of 1.74 (95% CI, 1.60-1.89). The cumulative incidence of OP was also statistically higher in the cohort versus without CAD (11.6% vs. 5.6%; p ≤ 0.0001, log-rank) during the 10-year follow-up period. The Cox model showed a 2.04-fold increase in the incidence of OP in the CAD cohort, with an adjusted HR of 2.04 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.99-2.08). CONCLUSIONS A positive association exists between CAD and development of subsequent osteoporotic fracture and OP. Patients with CAD have a significantly increased risk of developing vertebral compression fracture and a higher incident rate ratio of OP. TRIAL REGISTRATION IRB approval number: No. C108094 on February 19, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Kai Syu
- Department of Orthopedics, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 69, Guizi Rd., Taishan Dist., New Taipei City, 24352, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Hua Hsu
- Department of Family Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 69, Guizi Rd., Taishan Dist., New Taipei City, 24352, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ping-Chun Yeh
- Department of Orthopedics, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 69, Guizi Rd., Taishan Dist., New Taipei City, 24352, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Feng Kuo
- Department of Orthopedics, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 69, Guizi Rd., Taishan Dist., New Taipei City, 24352, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yen-Chun Huang
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 510, Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist., New Taipei City, 242062, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 510, Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist., New Taipei City, 242062, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ching-Chuan Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 69, Guizi Rd., Taishan Dist., New Taipei City, 24352, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Mingchih Chen
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 510, Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist., New Taipei City, 242062, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 510, Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist., New Taipei City, 242062, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Cardiovascular Safety and Effectiveness of Bisphosphonates: From Intervention Trials to Real-Life Data. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122369. [PMID: 35745099 PMCID: PMC9227734 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Both osteoporosis with related fragility fractures and cardiovascular diseases are rapidly outspreading worldwide. Since they are often coexistent in elderly patients and may be related to possible common pathogenetic mechanisms, the possible reciprocal effects of drugs employed to treat these diseases have to be considered in clinical practice. Bisphosphonates, the agents most largely employed to decrease bone fragility, have been shown to be overall safe with respect to cardiovascular diseases and even capable of reducing cardiovascular morbidity in some settings, as mainly shown by real life studies. No randomized controlled trials with cardiovascular outcomes as primary endpoints are available. While contradictory results have emerged about a possible BSP-mediated reduction of overall mortality, it is undeniable that these drugs can be employed safely in patients with high fracture risk, since no increased mortality has ever been demonstrated. Although partial reassurance has emerged from meta-analysis assessing the risk of cardiac arrhythmias during bisphosphonates treatment, caution is warranted in administering this class of drugs to patients at risk for atrial fibrillation, possibly preferring other antiresorptives or anabolics, according to osteoporosis guidelines. This paper focuses on the complex relationship between bisphosphonates use and cardiovascular disease and possible co-management issues.
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Zhang P, Yang L, Xu Q, Zeng Y, Yu Y, Peng Q, Liang H. Associations between bone mineral density and coronary artery calcification: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2022; 13:20406223221086998. [PMID: 35371431 PMCID: PMC8972925 DOI: 10.1177/20406223221086998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The studies about the correlation between bone mineral density (BMD) and coronary arterial calcification (CAC) were still controversial. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between BMD and CAC. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Google scholar and Cochrane library for observational studies. We pooled odds ratio (OR) or correlation coefficient, and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the studies. Continuous data were pooled by mean difference (MD). Sub-group analysis was applied to investigate sources of heterogeneity. Funnel plots for publication bias was also performed. Results: Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. Pooled ORs for the prevalence of CAC in patients with low BMD versus patients with normal BMD was 2.11 (95% CI: 1.11 - 4.02, P = 0.02). The data pooled for comparing CAC score of low BMD and normal BMD patients is 33.77 (95% CI: 23.77 - 43.77, p = 0.000). The pooled ORs of multivariate logistic regression to predict the association were 1.00 (95% CI: 0.92 - 1.10, p = 0.95, age-adjusted), and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.86 - 1.05, p = 0.33, multivariable-adjusted). Cohort category and BMD assessment method were the main sources of heterogeneity. Conclusions: Low BMD is associated with higher prevalence and severity of CAC, especially in postmenopausal women. But the relation is not significant after adjusting age and other confounding variables. Low BMD and CAC may be two independent processes with aging. More large-scale studies with high-quality design are still needed to increase the understanding of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qingwen Xu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yidi Zeng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yipin Yu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qinghua Peng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Liang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Rd, Science-Education Industrial Park, Yuelu Region, Changsha 410208, Hunan, China
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Coronary calcification and bone microarchitecture by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography from the São Paulo Ageing and Health (SPAH) Study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5282. [PMID: 35347151 PMCID: PMC8960801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08839-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies reveal a link between osteoporosis and the risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease. We illustrate an association between coronary calcification and bone microarchitecture in older adults based on the SPAH study. This cross-sectional research comprised 256 individuals subjected to cardiac coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) for coronary artery calcification (CAC), high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) at the tibia and radius with standardized z score parameters, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to evaluate bone status. We used Student’s t test and the Mann–Whitney and Chi-squared tests for comparison of basal measurements. Association analysis was performed using the Poisson regression model with adjustment for CAC and sex. Multivariate analysis revealed different bone variables for predicting CAC in DXA and HR-pQCT scenarios. Although most of the bone parameters are related to vascular calcification, only cortical porosity (Ct.Po) remained uniform by HR-pQCT. Results for were as follows: the tibia—women (exp β = 1.12 (95% CI 1.10–1.13, p < 0.001) and men (exp β = 1.44, 95% CI 1.42–1.46, p < 0.001); the radius—women (exp β = 1.07 (95% CI 1.07–1.08, p < 0.001) and men (exp β = 1.33 (95% CI 1.30–1.37, p < 0.001). These findings suggest an inverse relationship between CAC and cortical bone content, as assessed by HR-pQCT, with higher coronary calcification in individuals older than 65 years.
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Liu J, Bu H, Ding Z, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Gao Y. The Association of Triglyceride Glucose index for Coronary Artery Disease in Postmenopausal Women. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2022; 28:10760296221094030. [PMID: 35469448 PMCID: PMC9087225 DOI: 10.1177/10760296221094030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the association between the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and coronary artery disease (CAD) in postmenopausal women. This study enrolled 869 postmenopausal women and classified them into two groups: CAD group (n = 538) and control group (n = 331). The TyG index was significantly higher in patients with CAD than in controls (P < 0.05).Receiver operator characteristic curves showed that the TyG index was more discriminative for CAD than for control group, and after adjusting for the traditional clinical prognostic factors, including age (>60 years), diabetes, ischemic stroke, systolic blood pressure (≥140), and ejection fraction (<50%), we found that the TyG index could be an independent risk factor for CAD (P < 0.05). The risk of increased TyG index was greater in the <50 years subgroup than in the >50 years subgroup (P < 0.05). The TyG index may be a valuable clinical predictor of CAD risk in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical
University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of
Chengde Medical University, Chengde, HeBei, China
| | - Haiwei Bu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of
Chengde Medical University, Chengde, HeBei, China
| | - Zhenjiang Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of
Chengde Medical University, Chengde, HeBei, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of
Chengde Medical University, Chengde, HeBei, China
| | - Yongjie Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxia Gao
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical
University, Tianjin, China
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Klein GL. Is calcium a link between inflammatory bone resorption and heart disease? eLife 2022; 11:83841. [PMID: 36580074 PMCID: PMC9799968 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiologic studies associate bone-resorbing chronic inflammatory conditions with increased risk of atherosclerotic heart disease. These include post-menopausal osteoporosis, spinal cord injury, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. Additional studies have noted that the use of anti-resorptive agents following hip fracture, during rheumatoid arthritis, and prior to intensive care management have resulted in reduced overall mortality and mortality from cardiovascular disorders. The careful study of burn patients has allowed us to detect that children and adolescents have a mechanism that protects them from the entry of calcium into the circulation following inflammatory bone resorption. That is, they respond to pro-inflammatory cytokines by up-regulating the parathyroid calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) with consequent development of hypocalcemic hypoparathyroidism and hypercalciuria. As extracellular calcium appears to exacerbate and/or prolong the inflammatory response, this responsiveness of the CaSR to inflammatory cytokines may be the factor that reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In adults with chronic inflammatory conditions, the ability of the CaSR to respond to pro-inflammatory cytokines is lost, suggesting that the calcium that enters the circulation following inflammatory bone resorption may persist in the circulation, entering the small coronary blood vessels and favoring the formation of coronary artery calcification, inflammation, and consequent cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon L Klein
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, The University of Texas Medical Branch at GalvestonGalvestonUnited States
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Mo L, Ma C, Wang Z, Li J, He W, Niu W, Chen Z, Zhou C, Liu Y. Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis of the Shared Molecular Mechanisms Between Osteoporosis and Atherosclerosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:950030. [PMID: 35937806 PMCID: PMC9353191 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.950030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis and atherosclerosis are common in the elderly population, conferring a heavy worldwide burden. Evidence links osteoporosis and atherosclerosis but the exact underlying common mechanism of its occurrence is unclear. The purpose of this study is to further explore the molecular mechanism between osteoporosis and atherosclerosis through integrated bioinformatic analysis. METHODS The microarray data of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were downloaded. The Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis were used to identify the co-expression genes related to osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. In addition, the common gene targets of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis were analyzed and screened through three public databases (CTD, DISEASES, and GeneCards). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed by Metascape. Then, the common microRNAs (miRNAs) in osteoporosis and atherosclerosis were screened out from the Human microRNA Disease Database (HMDD) and the target genes of whom were predicted through the miRTarbase. Finally, the common miRNAs-genes network was constructed by Cytoscape software. RESULTS The results of common genes analysis showed that immune and inflammatory response may be a common feature in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. Six hub genes (namely, COL1A1, IBSP, CTSD, RAC2, MAF, and THBS1) were obtained via taking interaction of different analysis results. The miRNAs-genes network showed that has-let-7g might play an important role in the common mechanisms between osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. CONCLUSION This study provides new sights into shared molecular mechanisms between osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. These common pathways and hub genes may offer promising clues for further experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Mo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Ma
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhangzheng Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxiong Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Research Institute for Orthopedics and Traumatology of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Niu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengqiu Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuhao Liu, ; Chi Zhou, ; Zhengqiu Chen,
| | - Chi Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuhao Liu, ; Chi Zhou, ; Zhengqiu Chen,
| | - Yuhao Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuhao Liu, ; Chi Zhou, ; Zhengqiu Chen,
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Khandkar C, Vaidya K, Karimi Galougahi K, Patel S. Low bone mineral density and coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2021; 37:100891. [PMID: 34746361 PMCID: PMC8554269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2021.100891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) and osteoporosis both cause significant morbidity and mortality. Recent interest in inflammation and the bone-vascular axis suggests a mechanistic link between the two conditions. This review and meta-analysis was conducted to examine the potential association between low bone mineral density (BMD) and CAD in adults. Two authors searched for studies that examined the association between low BMD and CAD. Risk of bias assessment was conducted using the modified Newcastle Ottawa score. Ten studies were selected from the 2258 unique records identified. Pooled analysis showed a significant association between low BMD and CAD (OR 1.65, 95%CI 1.37-2.39, p < 0.01). Subgroup analysis investigating males and females separately was not significant. The subgroup analyses looking for any differences across geographic locations and differences between coronary imaging modalities were also negative. Studies with adjusted ORs (n = 4) were also pooled (OR 3.01, 95%CI 0.91-9.99, p = 0.07). Low BMD is associated with CAD; however, it is unclear whether this result is confounded by common risk factors given the heterogeneity between study populations and methodologies. Further large-scale epidemiological studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay Khandkar
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kaivan Vaidya
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Keyvan Karimi Galougahi
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sanjay Patel
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
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13
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Association between waist-hip ratio and coronary artery calcification in postmenopausal women. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 27:1010-1014. [PMID: 32852452 PMCID: PMC7458085 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Many studies have reported that body composition might be associated with cardiovascular disease, but the issue has not been fully investigated in postmenopausal women. Methods: This retrospective study comprised 582 postmenopausal women without a history of cardiovascular disease who visited the Health Promotion Center between May 2008 and February 2018. All women were screened for body fat composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis and for degree of coronary artery calcification (CAC) by multidetector computed tomography. In addition, multivariate analysis, integrated discrimination improvement, and category-free net reclassification improvement were performed. Results: The level of triglycerides, and the waist-hip ratio (WHR) in participants with CAC (coronary artery calcium score [CACS] > 0) were higher than in participants with a CACS of zero points. When the participants were stratified into four groups according to WHR, participants with CAC (CACS > 0) increased significantly as WHR quartile increased. A multivariate analysis showed that older age (odds ratio [OR]: 2.539; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.524-4.230; P < 0.001), triglyceride level (OR: 1.005; 95% CI: 1.002-1.008; P = 0.003), WHR (OR: 1.103; 95% CI: 1.018-1.195; P = 0.017), and history of hypertension (OR: 2.701; 95% CI: 1.715-4.253; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with CAC. The Brier score upon adding WHR to a clinical model was lower than that of the clinical model without WHR. Adding WHR to a clinical model better predicted CAC than a clinical model without WHR (C index: 0.761, 95% CI: 0.724-0.795, P < 0.001; net reclassification improvement: 0.195, P = 0.037; integrated discrimination improvement: 1.02%, P = 0.043). Conclusions: In asymptomatic postmenopausal women, WHR as measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis was significantly associated with coronary atherosclerosis, supplementing information of usual clinical markers. Hence, WHR might be appropriate as a marker for early atherosclerosis.
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14
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Raisi-Estabragh Z, Biasiolli L, Cooper J, Aung N, Fung K, Paiva JM, Sanghvi MM, Thomson RJ, Curtis E, Paccou J, Rayner JJ, Werys K, Puchta H, Thomas KE, Lee AM, Piechnik SK, Neubauer S, Munroe PB, Cooper C, Petersen SE, Harvey NC. Poor Bone Quality is Associated With Greater Arterial Stiffness: Insights From the UK Biobank. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:90-99. [PMID: 32964541 PMCID: PMC7613252 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis and ischemic heart disease (IHD) represent important public health problems. Existing research suggests an association between the two conditions beyond that attributable to shared risk factors, with a potentially causal relationship. In this study, we tested the association of bone speed of sound (SOS) from quantitative heel ultrasound with (i) measures of arterial compliance from cardiovascular magnetic resonance (aortic distensibility [AD]); (ii) finger photoplethysmography (arterial stiffness index [ASI]); and (iii) incident myocardial infarction and IHD mortality in the UK Biobank cohort. We considered the potential mediating effect of a range of blood biomarkers and cardiometabolic morbidities and evaluated differential relationships by sex, menopause status, smoking, diabetes, and obesity. Furthermore, we considered whether associations with arterial compliance explained association of SOS with ischemic cardiovascular outcomes. Higher SOS was associated with lower arterial compliance by both ASI and AD for both men and women. The relationship was most consistent with ASI, likely relating to larger sample size available for this variable (n = 159,542 versus n = 18,229). There was no clear evidence of differential relationship by menopause, smoking, diabetes, or body mass index (BMI). Blood biomarkers appeared important in mediating the association for both men and women, but with different directions of effect and did not fully explain the observed effects. In fully adjusted models, higher SOS was associated with significantly lower IHD mortality in men, but less robustly in women. The association of SOS with ASI did not explain this observation. In conclusion, our findings support a positive association between bone and vascular health with consistent patterns of association in men and women. The underlying mechanisms are complex and appear to vary by sex. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Raisi-Estabragh
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, UK
| | - Luca Biasiolli
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jackie Cooper
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, UK
| | - Nay Aung
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, UK
| | - Kenneth Fung
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, UK
| | - José M Paiva
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Mihir M Sanghvi
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, UK
| | - Ross J Thomson
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Curtis
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Julien Paccou
- Rheumatology Department, Lille University Hospital, CHU Lille, MABlab ULR 4490, 59037 Lille, France
| | - Jennifer J Rayner
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Konrad Werys
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Henrike Puchta
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Katharine E Thomas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Aaron M Lee
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Stefan K Piechnik
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Steffen E Petersen
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, UK
| | - Nicholas C Harvey
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
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15
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Therkildsen J, Winther S, Nissen L, Jørgensen HS, Thygesen J, Ivarsen P, Frost L, Isaksen C, Langdahl BL, Hauge EM, Böttcher M. Sex Differences in the Association Between Bone Mineral Density and Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Referred for Cardiac Computed Tomography. J Clin Densitom 2021; 24:55-66. [PMID: 31668962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and osteoporosis are both common and preventable diseases. Evidence supports a link between coronary artery disease (CAD) and low bone mineral density (BMD). This study aimed to assess the association between thoracic spine BMD and CAD in men and women with symptoms suggestive of CAD. This cross-sectional study included 1487 (mean age 57 years (range 40-80), 47% men) patients referred for cardiac computed tomography (CT). Agatston coronary artery calcium score (CACS), CAD severity (no, mild, moderate, and severe), vessel involvement (no, 1-, 2-, and 3/left main disease), and invasive measurements were evaluated. BMD of three thoracic vertebrae was measured using quantitative CT. We used the American college of radiology cut-off values for lumbar spine BMD to categorize patients into very low (<80 mg/cm3), low (80-120 mg/cm3), or normal BMD (>120 mg/cm3). BMD as a continuous variable was included in the linear regression analyses to assess associations between CACS (CACS=0, CACS 1- 399, and CACS ≥ 400) and BMD, and CAD severity and BMD. Significant lower BMD was present with increasing CACS and stenosis degree unadjusted. Multivariate linear regression analyses in women revealed a significant correlation between BMD and CACS groups (β = -4.06, p<0.05), but no correlation between BMD and CAD severity (β = -1.59, p = 0.14). No association was found between BMD and CACS (β = -1.50, p = 0.36) and CAD severity (β = 0.07, p = 0.94) in men. BMD is significantly correlated to CACS after adjusting for confounders in women, but not in men, suggesting a possible sex difference in pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Winther
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Louise Nissen
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Unit West, Herning, Denmark
| | | | - Jesper Thygesen
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Per Ivarsen
- Department of Nephrology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars Frost
- Department of Cardiology, Regional Hospital of Silkeborg, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Christin Isaksen
- Department of Radiology, Regional Hospital of Silkeborg, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Bente L Langdahl
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ellen-Margrethe Hauge
- Departments of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, and Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten Böttcher
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Unit West, Herning, Denmark
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16
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Iseri K, Dai L, Chen Z, Qureshi AR, Brismar TB, Stenvinkel P, Lindholm B. Bone mineral density and mortality in end-stage renal disease patients. Clin Kidney J 2020; 13:307-321. [PMID: 32699616 PMCID: PMC7367137 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfaa089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) as assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is common among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and associates with high fracture incidence and high all-cause mortality. This is because chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorders (CKD-MBDs) promote not only bone disease (osteoporosis and renal dystrophy) but also vascular calcification and cardiovascular disease. The disturbed bone metabolism in ESRD leads to 'loss of cortical bone' with increased cortical porosity and thinning of cortical bone rather than to loss of trabecular bone. Low BMD, especially at cortical-rich bone sites, is closely linked to CKD-MBD, vascular calcification and poor cardiovascular outcomes. These effects appear to be largely mediated by shared mechanistic pathways via the 'bone-vascular axis' through which impaired bone status associates with changes in the vascular wall. Thus, bone is more than just the scaffolding that holds the body together and protects organs from external forces but is-in addition to its physical supportive function-also an active endocrine organ that interacts with the vasculature by paracrine and endocrine factors through pathways including Wnt signalling, osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK)/RANK ligand system and the Galectin-3/receptor of advanced glycation end products axis. The insight that osteogenesis and vascular calcification share many similarities-and the knowledge that vascular calcification is a cell-mediated active rather than a passive mineralization process-suggest that low BMD and vascular calcification ('vascular ossification') to a large extent represent two sides of the same coin. Here, we briefly review changes of BMD in ESRD as observed using different DXA methods (central and whole-body DXA) at different bone sites for BMD measurements, and summarize recent knowledge regarding the relationships between 'low BMD' and 'fracture incidence, vascular calcification and increased mortality' in ESRD patients, as well as potential 'molecular mechanisms' underlying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Iseri
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Divisions of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lu Dai
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Divisions of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhimin Chen
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Divisions of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Abdul Rashid Qureshi
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Divisions of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torkel B Brismar
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Medical Imaging and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Divisions of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Lindholm
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Divisions of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Dong XL, Yu WX, Li CM, Zhou LP, Wong MS. Chuanxiong (Rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong) Protects Ovariectomized Hyperlipidemic Rats from Bone Loss. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:463-485. [PMID: 32138532 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x2050024x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is the common mechanism for age-related diseases. The co-occurrence of osteoporosis (OP) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in postmenopausal women makes it warranted to find a holistic approach for treatment of multiple diseases or conditions. The rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (CX), which has high anti-oxidant properties and is widely used for CVD treatment in China, might be the potential candidate. In the present study, CX ethanol extract (CXE) was applied to H2O2 induced MG63 cells to study its effects and mechanisms on osteoblastogenesis against OS. CXE was then administered to six-month-old Sprague Dawley sham or ovariectomized (OVX) rats fed either a low saturated fat-sucrose (LFS) or a high fat-sucrose (HFS) diet for 12 weeks, to confirm its anti-osteoporotic effects. The results demonstrated that CXE directly improved proliferation and differentiation in vitro in an H2O2-induced osteoblast cell model by attenuating cellular reactive oxygen species levels and inhibiting osteoblast apoptosis via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. CXE significantly improved bone properties as revealed by the increase in trabecular bone mineral density and decrease in trabecular separation at proximal metaphysis of the tibia (PT) in HFS-fed OVX rats but not in LFS-fed OVX rats. CXE ameliorated dyslipidemia, greatly reduced lipid deposition and malondialdehyde levels, improved activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the livers of HFS-fed OVX rats. In conclusion, CXE could favor osteoblastogenesis against OS. The ability of CXE to reduce bone loss in HFS-fed OVX rats was associated with its abilities to correct dyslipidemia, and reduce lipid deposition and OS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Biological Safety Control, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Yu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Mei Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhou
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man-Sau Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Biological Safety Control, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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18
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Hu X, Ma S, Yang C, Wang W, Chen L. Relationship between senile osteoporosis and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:4417-4420. [PMID: 31105781 PMCID: PMC6507516 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between senile osteoporosis and cardiovascular hypertension, coronary heart disease and cerebral infarction was investigated. A retrospective study on 428 elderly patients hospitalized in Harrison International Peace Hospital from June 2014 to January 2017 was conducted. There were 207 cases of coronary heart disease, 102 cases of hypertension and 119 cases of cerebral infarction. According to bone density measurement results, the subjects were divided into the osteoporosis group and the non-osteoporosis group. Risk factors for osteoporosis were analyzed, and the incidence of osteoporosis in hypertension, coronary heart disease, and cerebral infarction populations of different severity was analyzed. Hypertension, coronary heart disease and cerebral infarction were the main risk factors for osteoporosis in the elderly. Incidence of osteoporosis in the double-vessel disease group and the three-vessel disease group was significantly higher than that in the single-vessel disease group. Incidence of osteoporosis was significantly higher in the three-vessel disease group than that in the double-vessel disease group (P<0.05). Incidence of osteoporosis was significantly higher in the moderate hypertension and severe hypertension groups than that in the mild hypertension group. Incidence of osteoporosis was significantly higher in patients with severe hypertension than that in the moderate hypertension group (P<0.05). Incidence of osteoporosis in patients with moderate cerebral infarction and severe cerebral infarction was significantly higher than that in the mild cerebral infarction group (P<0.05). Incidence of osteoporosis in patients with severe cerebral infarction was significantly higher than that in the moderate cerebral infarction group (P<0.05). The results indicated that there is a close correlation between senile osteoporosis and hypertension, coronary heart disease and cerebral infarction. Osteoporosis can be used as a predictor of early screening for hypertension, coronary heart disease and cerebral infarction in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Hu
- The First Department of Geriatric Medicine, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui, Hebei 053000, P.R. China
| | - Shucan Ma
- The First Department of Geriatric Medicine, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui, Hebei 053000, P.R. China
| | - Caixia Yang
- The First Department of Geriatric Medicine, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui, Hebei 053000, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- The First Department of Geriatric Medicine, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui, Hebei 053000, P.R. China
| | - Liman Chen
- The First Department of Geriatric Medicine, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui, Hebei 053000, P.R. China
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19
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SAA1 gene polymorphisms in osteoporosis patients. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181031. [PMID: 30737305 PMCID: PMC6379510 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Serum amyloid A (SAA1) is an apolipoprotein that maintains glucose and lipid homeostasis. Its polymorphisms are associated with risks of myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: However, little is known about the associations of these polymorphisms with susceptibility to osteoporosis, which we evaluated in this hospital-based case–control study involving 300 osteoporosis patients and 350 controls. Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs183978373, rs12218, and rs10832915) were genotyped using MALDI TOF MS. Results: There were no differences in the rs183978373 and rs12218 polymorphisms between the osteoporosis group and controls. The SAA1 gene rs10832915 polymorphism increased the risk of osteoporosis in our Chinese population. The genotypes of the rs10832915 polymorphism were not significantly associated with clinical parameters (age, body mass index (BMI), high- and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), and T-score). Haplotype analysis revealed that the ATT haplotype had a significant correlation with a decreased risk of osteoporosis. Conclusion: In conclusion, the SAA1 rs10832915 polymorphism and its haplotypes are associated with osteoporosis, but this finding should be confirmed in large well-designed studies.
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20
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Hur S, Cho SH, Song BK, Cho BJ. Effect of Resistance Exercise on Serum Osteoprotegerin Levels and Insulin Resistance in Middle-Aged Women with Metabolic Syndrome. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:9385-9391. [PMID: 30582576 PMCID: PMC6320661 DOI: 10.12659/msm.911548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a soluble glycoprotein that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily. OPG is mainly secreted by bone. The relationship between acute resistance training, serum OPG levels and metabolic syndrome, including insulin resistance, remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of resistance exercise on serum OPG levels and insulin resistance in middle-aged women with metabolic syndrome. Material/Methods Twenty-four middle-aged women were divided into those with metabolic syndrome (n=12) and a normal control group without metabolic syndrome or insulin resistance (n=12). Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria. The quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) and the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index for assessing beta-cell function and insulin resistance were used. The intensity of the resistance exercise was 60–70% of the repetition maximum, for 40 minutes with 10–12 repetitions, performed three times per week. Venous blood samples were tested using standard laboratory procedures. Results Before exercise, the metabolic syndrome group showed a significant increase in waist circumference (P=0.030) and serum triglyceride (TG) (P=0.014), and lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (P=0.010) compared with the control group. After the eight-week resistance exercise program, waist circumference, and the QUICKI decreased and OPG levels were significantly increased in the metabolic syndrome group compared with the normal control group. Conclusions A resistance exercise program was effective in reducing factors associated with metabolic syndrome including insulin resistance and increases serum levels of OPG in middle-aged women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hur
- Department of Sports Science, College of Art and Culture, Kangwon National University, Kangwon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hyoun Cho
- Department of Physical Therapy, Nambu University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Bo-Kyung Song
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Kangwon National University, Kangwon, South Korea
| | - Byung-Jun Cho
- Department of Emergency Medical Technology, Kangwon National University, Kangwon, South Korea
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21
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Ahmadi N, Mao SS, Hajsadeghi F, Arnold B, Kiramijyan S, Gao Y, Flores F, Azen S, Budoff M. The relation of low levels of bone mineral density with coronary artery calcium and mortality. Osteoporos Int 2018; 29:1609-1616. [PMID: 29704026 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-018-4524-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Osteoporosis and atherosclerosis are two prevalent major healthcare concerns that frequently coexist. The clinical outcome of 5590 consecutive subjects who underwent coronary artery calcium (CAC) scanning and thoracic bone mineral density (BMD) measurement was assessed. A significant link between low BMD levels and CAC with increased risk of mortality in both genders across ethnicities noted. INTRODUCTION While a relation of CAC with lower levels of BMD reported previously; it is unclear whether low levels of BMD would be an independent risk factor for CAC and mortality. This study investigated the relation of BMD levels with CAC and mortality in both genders across ethnicities. METHODS This study consisted of 5590 consecutive at-risk subjects without known coronary artery disease (CAD), age 57 ± 12, and 69% male, who underwent non-enhanced cardiac computed tomography, and were followed for mean of 8 years. The subjects' CAC (Agatston score) and thoracic BMD levels (mg/cm3) were measured. CAC stratified based on the severity to CAC 0, 1-100, 101-400, and 400+. Low-BMD levels defined as BMD levels below median (180 mg/cm3). Physician verified that all-cause mortality was assessment hard-endpoint. Multivariate regression analysis, adjusted for age, gender, and other cardiovascular risk factors, was used to assess the relationship between BMD and CAC. RESULTS The BMD levels were proportionally lowering with the severity of CAC in both genders, especially in postmenopausal women (p < 0.05). The risk of each standard deviation reduce in BMD levels increased with the severity of CAC, as compared to CAC = 0 across ethnicities (p < 0.05). Low BMD levels were an independent predictor of mortality and event-free survival rate decreased from 99% in those within normal BMD levels to 93% in those with low BMD levels (p = 0.0001). Furthermore, a significant link between low BMD levels and CAC > 0 with increased risk of mortality was noted (p = 0.0001). The relative risk of death was 2.8, 5.9, and 14.3-folds higher in CAC 1-100, 101-400, and 400+ with low BMD levels, compared to CAC = 0 and within normal BMD levels, respectively (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The lower BMD levels are independently associated with the severity of CAC that predicts mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ahmadi
- Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.
| | - S S Mao
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - F Hajsadeghi
- Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - B Arnold
- Image Analysis, Columbia, KY, USA
| | - S Kiramijyan
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Y Gao
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - F Flores
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - S Azen
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M Budoff
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
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22
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Xu R, Cheng XC, Zhang Y, Lai HM, Yang HN. Association of Severity of Coronary Lesions with Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women. Arq Bras Cardiol 2018; 110:211-216. [PMID: 29694545 PMCID: PMC5898768 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20180035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) and osteoporosis (OP) are common diseases in
postmenopausal women. In both cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiologic
studies, low bone mass has been related to increased frequency of CAD.
However, available data on the relationship between bone mineral density
(BMD) and severity of coronary lesions is limited. Objective To investigate association between the BMD and severity of coronary lesions
assessed by Gensini score in postmenopausal women. Methods This study included 122 postmenopausal women who were diagnosed with CAD.
These patients were divided into two groups according to the severity of
coronary lesions assessed by the Gensini score - patients with mild coronary
lesions (Gensini score < 25) and patients with severe coronary lesions
(Gensini score ≥ 25). Femoral neck mineral density was measured with
dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results The study included postmenopausal women aged 64.31 ± 4.71 years, 85 of
whom (69.7%) exhibited severe coronary lesions. Participants with severe
coronary lesions had a significantly higher T score than did those with mild
coronary lesions at the femoral neck (p < 0.05). The mean T-score was
−0.84 ± 1.01 in mild coronary lesions group, −1.42 ± 1.39 in
severe coronary lesions group (p < 0.05). Multivariable logistic
regression analysis showed that osteopenia-osteoporosis at the Femoral neck
(odds ratio 2.73; 95% confidence interval 1.06 to 6.13) was associated with
an increased risk of developing severe coronary lesions. The multiple
regression model showed that T-scores (b = −0.407, SE = 0.151, p=0.007) were
the independent predictors of Gensini score. Conclusion The relationship between severity of coronary lesions and BMD was significant
in postmenopausal women. BMD, a low-cost technique involving minimal
radiation exposure, widely used for osteoporosis screening, is a promising
marker of severity of coronary lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- Gerontology Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xin-Chun Cheng
- Gerontology Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Gerontology Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hong-Mei Lai
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hong-Ni Yang
- Gerontology Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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23
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Ma X, Xu Z, Ding S, Yi G, Wang Q. Alendronate promotes osteoblast differentiation and bone formation in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis through interferon-β/signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 pathway. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:182-190. [PMID: 29375681 PMCID: PMC5763659 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alendronate is commonly used for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis; however, the underlying pathological molecular mechanisms of its action remain unclear. In the present study, the alendronate-treated signaling pathway in bone metabolism in rats with ovariectomy induced by osteoporosis was investigated. Rats with osteoporosis were orally administered alendronate or phosphate-buffered saline (control). In addition, the interferon-β (IFN-β)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) signaling pathway was investigated in osteoblasts following treatment with alendronate in vitro and in vivo. During the differentiation period, IFN-β (100 ng/ml) was used to treat the osteoblast cells, and the activity, viability and bone metabolism-associated gene expression levels (STAT1, p-STAT1, Fra1, TRAF6 and SOCS1) were analyzed in osteoblast cells. Histopathological changes were used to evaluate osteoblasts, osteoclasts, inflammatory phase of bone healing and osteonecrotic areas. The results demonstrated that alendronate significantly inhibited the activity of osteoporotic osteoclasts by stimulating expression of IFN-β, as well as markedly improved the viability and activity of osteoblasts compared with the control group. In addition, alendronate increased the expression and phosphorylation levels of STAT1 in osteoclasts, enhanced osteoblast differentiation, upregulated the expression levels of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin, and increased the expression of osteoblast differentiation-associated genes (osteocalcin, osterix and Runx2). Inhibition of IFN-β expression canceled the benefits of alendronate-mediated osteoblast differentiation. Notably, alendronate enhanced bone formation in rats with osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy. In conclusion, these findings suggest that alendronate can regulate osteoblast differentiation and bone formation in rats with osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy through upregulation of IFN-β/STAT1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyang Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Shaofeng Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Guangkun Yi
- Department of Spine Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
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24
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Martinez-Laguna D, Nogues X, Abrahamsen B, Reyes C, Carbonell-Abella C, Diez-Perez A, Prieto-Alhambra D. Excess of all-cause mortality after a fracture in type 2 diabetic patients: a population-based cohort study. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:2573-2581. [PMID: 28744600 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-017-4096-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Post-fracture mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients has been poorly studied. We report an absolute and relative excess all-cause mortality following a fracture in these patients compared to non-diabetic patients. INTRODUCTION T2DM and osteoporotic fractures are independently associated with a reduced lifespan, but it is unknown if T2DM confers an excess post-fracture mortality compared to non-diabetic fracture patients. We report post-fracture all-cause mortality according to T2DM status. METHODS This is a population-based cohort study using data from the SIDIAP database. All ≥50 years old T2DM patients registered in SIDIAP in 2006-2013 and two diabetes-free controls matched on age, gender, and primary care center were selected. Study outcome was all-cause mortality following incident fractures. Participants were followed from date of any fracture (AF), hip fracture (HF), and clinical vertebral fracture (VF) until the earliest of death or censoring. Cox regression was used to calculate mortality according to T2DM status after adjustment for age, gender, body mass index, smoking, alcohol intake, and previous ischemic heart and cerebrovascular disease. RESULTS We identified 166,106 T2DM patients and 332,212 non-diabetic, of which 11,066 and 21,564, respectively, sustained a fracture and were then included. Post-fracture mortality rates (1000 person-years) were (in T2DM vs non-diabetics) 62.7 vs 49.5 after AF, 130.7 vs 112.7 after HF, and 54.9 vs 46.2 after VF. Adjusted HR (95% CI) for post-AF, post-HF, and post-VF mortality was 1.30 (1.23-1.37), 1.28 (1.20-1.38), and 1.20 (1.06-1.35), respectively, for T2DM compared to non-diabetics. CONCLUSIONS T2DM patients have a 30% increased post-fracture mortality compared to non-diabetics and a remarkable excess in absolute mortality risk. More research is needed on the causes underlying such excess risk, and on the effectiveness of measures to reduce post-fracture morbi-mortality in T2DM subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Martinez-Laguna
- GREMPAL Research Group, Idiap Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute, CIBERFES ISCIII, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Ambit Barcelona, Primary Care Department, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Nogues
- Internal Medicine Department IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Abrahamsen
- Department of Medicine, Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk, Denmark
- OPEN Odense Patient Data Explorative Network, Institute of Clinical Research, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - C Reyes
- GREMPAL Research Group, Idiap Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute, CIBERFES ISCIII, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Carbonell-Abella
- GREMPAL Research Group, Idiap Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute, CIBERFES ISCIII, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Ambit Barcelona, Primary Care Department, Institut Catala de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Diez-Perez
- Internal Medicine Department IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
- Autonomous University of Barcelona and CIBERFES, ISCIII, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - D Prieto-Alhambra
- GREMPAL Research Group, Idiap Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute, CIBERFES ISCIII, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Internal Medicine Department IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.
- Autonomous University of Barcelona and CIBERFES, ISCIII, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton University, Southampton, UK.
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Musculoskeletal Pharmaco and Device Epidemiology, Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Orthopaedics Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK.
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