1
|
Ponsford JL, Portelli P, Vakil E, Downing MG. The processing of verbal memories after traumatic brain injury. Clin Neuropsychol 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38984770 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2024.2374043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Memory dysfunction is a persistent cognitive symptom following traumatic brain injury (TBI), negatively impacting capacity for independent living and productivity. Traditional scoring of neuropsychological memory tests does not allow for differentiation of specific impairments of encoding, consolidation and/or retrieval, or the potential impact of strategy deficits. Method: The current study examined performance of 142 moderate-to-severe TBI participants and 68 demographically matched healthy controls on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) using Item Specific Data Analysis (ISDA) and strategy use analyses. Results: Results revealed significantly greater impairments in encoding, consolidation, and retrieval in TBI participants, compared to controls. Encoding deficits significantly explained the most variance in the long-delayed recall of TBI participants, followed by consolidation, and then retrieval. Participants with TBI showed a reduced ability to spontaneously apply strategies during learning, evident in decreased subjective clusters and increased word omissions, compared to controls. No difference was found between groups in passive learning strategy application, shown through serial clustering. Spontaneous strategy measures both uniquely accounted for variance in the encoding ability of TBI participants. Conclusions: These findings highlight the potential value in using ISDA and strategy use measures to assess RAVLT results to better characterize individual memory profiles and inform rehabilitative interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennie L Ponsford
- Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Epworth HealthCare, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Pagan Portelli
- Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eli Vakil
- Department of Psychology and Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Marina G Downing
- Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Epworth HealthCare, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Barber N, Valoumas I, Leger KR, Chang YL, Huang CM, Goh JOS, Gutchess A. Culture, prefrontal volume, and memory. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298235. [PMID: 38551909 PMCID: PMC10980194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Prior cross-cultural studies have demonstrated differences among Eastern and Western cultures in memory and cognition along with variation in neuroanatomy and functional engagement. We further probed cultural neuroanatomical variability in terms of its relationship with memory performance. Specifically, we investigated how memory performance related to gray matter volume in several prefrontal lobe structures, including across cultures. For 58 American and 57 Taiwanese young adults, memory performance was measured with the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) using performance on learning trial 1, on which Americans had higher scores than the Taiwanese, and the long delayed free recall task, on which groups performed similarly. MRI data were reconstructed using FreeSurfer. Across both cultures, we observed that larger volumes of the bilateral rostral anterior cingulate were associated with lower scores on both CVLT tasks. In terms of effects of culture, the relationship between learning trial 1 scores and gray matter volumes in the right superior frontal gyrus had a trend for a positive relationship in Taiwanese but not in Americans. In addition to the a priori analysis of select frontal volumes, an exploratory whole-brain analysis compared volumes-without considering CVLT performance-across the two cultural groups in order to assess convergence with prior research. Several cultural differences were found, such that Americans had larger volumes in the bilateral superior frontal and lateral occipital cortex, whereas Taiwanese had larger volumes in the bilateral rostral middle frontal and inferior temporal cortex, and the right precuneus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolette Barber
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States of America
| | - Ioannis Valoumas
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States of America
| | - Krystal R. Leger
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States of America
| | - Yu-Ling Chang
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Robotics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Volen National Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States of America
| | - Chih-Mao Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Joshua Oon Soo Goh
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Robotics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Angela Gutchess
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States of America
- Volen National Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mash LE, Kahalley LS, Okcu MF, Grosshans DR, Paulino AC, Stancel H, Leon LD, Wilde E, Desai N, Chu ZD, Whitehead WE, Chintagumpala M, Raghubar KP. Superior verbal learning and memory in pediatric brain tumor survivors treated with proton versus photon radiotherapy. Neuropsychology 2023; 37:204-217. [PMID: 36480379 PMCID: PMC10544942 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Radiotherapy for pediatric brain tumor has been associated with late cognitive effects. Compared to conventional photon radiotherapy (XRT), proton radiotherapy (PRT) delivers lower doses of radiation to healthy brain tissue. PRT has been associated with improved long-term cognitive outcomes compared to XRT. However, there is limited research comparing the effects of XRT and PRT on verbal memory. METHOD Survivors of pediatric brain tumor treated with either XRT (n = 29) or PRT (n = 51) completed neuropsychological testing > 1 year following radiotherapy. Performance on neuropsychological measures was compared between treatment groups using analysis of covariance. Chi-squared tests of independence were used to compare the frequency of encoding, retrieval, and intact memory profiles between treatment groups. Associations between memory performance and other neurobehavioral measures were examined using Pearson correlation. RESULTS Overall, patients receiving PRT demonstrated superior verbal learning and recall compared to those treated with XRT. Encoding and retrieval deficits were more common in the XRT group than the PRT group, with encoding problems being most prevalent. The PRT group was more likely to engage in semantic clustering strategies, which predicted better encoding and retrieval. Encoding ability was associated with higher intellectual and adaptive functioning, and fewer parent-reported concerns about day-to-day attention and cognitive regulation. CONCLUSION Results suggest that PRT is associated with verbal memory sparing, driven by effective encoding and use of learning strategies. Future work may help to clarify underlying neural mechanisms associated with verbal memory decline, which will better inform treatment approaches. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa E. Mash
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Psychology, Baylor College of Medicine
- Psychology Service, Texas Children’s Hospital
| | - Lisa S. Kahalley
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Psychology, Baylor College of Medicine
- Psychology Service, Texas Children’s Hospital
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children’s Hospital
| | - M. Fatih Okcu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - David R. Grosshans
- Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Arnold C. Paulino
- Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Heather Stancel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Psychology, Baylor College of Medicine
- Psychology Service, Texas Children’s Hospital
| | - Luz De Leon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Psychology, Baylor College of Medicine
- Psychology Service, Texas Children’s Hospital
| | - Elisabeth Wilde
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine
| | - Nilesh Desai
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neuroradiology, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Zili D. Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neuroradiology, Baylor College of Medicine
| | | | - Murali Chintagumpala
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Kimberly P. Raghubar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Psychology, Baylor College of Medicine
- Psychology Service, Texas Children’s Hospital
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children’s Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liampas I, Folia V, Ntanasi E, Yannakoulia M, Sakka P, Hadjigeorgiou G, Scarmeas N, Dardiotis E, Kosmidis MH. Longitudinal episodic memory trajectories in older adults with normal cognition. Clin Neuropsychol 2023; 37:304-321. [PMID: 35400289 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2022.2059011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the longitudinal trajectories and normative standards of episodic memory in older adults. METHODS Participants were drawn from the cognitively normal(CN) subgroup of the population-based HELIAD cohort, a fairly representative cohort of the older Greek population. Verbal and non-verbal memory were assessed using the Greek Verbal Learning Test and Medical College of Georgia-Complex Figure Test. Baseline and longitudinal associations of memory performance with age, sex and formal education were explored with linear regression analysis and generalized estimated equations. RESULTS A total of 1607 predominantly female (60%) individuals (73.82 ± 5.43 years), with a mean educational attainment of 8.17(±4.86) years were CN at baseline. Baseline analysis revealed a continuum of memory decline with aging and lower educational attainment. Women performed better in composite and verbal memory measures, while men performed better in non-verbal memory tasks. A subgroup of 761 participants with available assessments after 3.07(±0.82) years remained CN at follow-up. Composite memory scores yearly diminished by an additional 0.007 of a SD for each additional year of age at baseline. Regarding verbal learning, immediate free verbal recall, delayed free verbal recall and delayed cued verbal recall, an additional yearly decrease of 0.107, 0.043, 0.036 and 0.026 words were respectively recorded at follow-up, for each additional year of age at baseline. Women underwent steeper yearly decreases of 0.227 words in delayed cued verbal recall. No significant longitudinal associations emerged for immediate non-verbal memory, delayed non-verbal memory and immediate cued verbal recall. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, aging (but not educational attainment) was consistently associated with steeper verbal memory decline. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2022.2059011 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Liampas
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Folia
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eva Ntanasi
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.,1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Sakka
- Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Marousi, Greece
| | - Georgios Hadjigeorgiou
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.,Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.,Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, the Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Mary H Kosmidis
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the utility of traditional neuropsychological tests in older uneducated/illiterate individuals without dementia to determine the possibility that they are likely not appropriate for this group. METHODS We assessed the neuropsychological performance of 1122 older adults [≥65 years old; mean age: 74.03 (SD = 5.46); mean education: 4.76 (SD = 2.5) years; women: n = 714], in the context of the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Aging and Diet (HELIAD), a population-based study conducted in Greece. RESULTS We based our analyses on three groups: high-functioning/cognitively healthy (i.e., without dementia) uneducated/illiterate individuals (n = 80), high-functioning/cognitively healthy educated/literate individuals (n = 932), and low-functioning/cognitively impaired educated/literate individuals (presumably with dementia; n = 110). We used binary regression analyses with Bonferroni correction to investigate whether test performance differentiated uneducated/illiterate from educated/literate individuals. Models were adjusted for age and sex; raw test scores were the predictor variables. The uneducated/illiterate cohort was at a disadvantage relative to the healthy educated/literate group on all variables but verbal memory recognition and consolidation, congruent motor responses, and phonological fluency clustering (p > .002). Moreover, only word list learning immediate and delayed free recall and delayed cued recall differentiated the high-functioning/cognitively healthy uneducated/illiterate from the low-functioning/cognitively impaired educated/literate group, favoring the former (p's < .002). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that only particular verbal memory test variables are fair in determining whether older uneducated/illiterate individuals have functional/cognitive impairment suggestive of a neurodegenerative process. On all other neuropsychological variables, this cohort was at a disadvantage. Therefore, we highlight the need for identifying appropriate methods of assessment for older uneducated/illiterate individuals.
Collapse
|
6
|
Brumer N, Elkins E, Parada J, Hillyer J, Parbery-Clark A. Examining Delayed Recall in Cochlear Implant Users Using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, California Verbal Learning Test, Third Edition, and Item Specific Deficit Approach: Preliminary Results. Front Psychol 2021; 12:749045. [PMID: 34803831 PMCID: PMC8599833 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.749045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Recent studies using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) suggest delayed recall is challenging for cochlear implant (CI) users. To better understand the underlying processes associated with delayed recall in CI users, we administered the MoCA and the California Verbal Learning Test, Third Edition (CVLT-3), which provides a more comprehensive assessment of delayed recall ability. Methods: The MoCA and CVLT-3 were administered to 18 high-performing CI users. For the CVLT-3, both the traditional scoring and a newer scoring method, the Item-Specific Deficit Approach (ISDA), were employed. Results: The original MoCA score and MoCA delayed recall subtest score did not relate to performance on any CVLT-3 measures regardless of scoring metric applied (i.e., traditional or ISDA). Encoding performance for both the CVLT-3 and ISDA were related. Consolidation, which is only distinctly defined by the ISDA, related to CVLT-3 cued delay recall performance but not free delay recall performance. Lastly, ISDA retrieval only related to CVLT-3 measures when modified. Conclusion: Performance on the MoCA and CVLT-3 in a high performing CI patient population were not related. We demonstrate that the ISDA can be successfully applied to CI users for the quantification and characterization of delayed recall ability; however, future work addressing lower performing CI users, and comparing to normal hearing controls is needed to determine the extent of potential translational applications. Our work also indicates that a modified ISDA retrieval score may be beneficial for evaluating CI users although additional work addressing the clinical relevance of this is still needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadav Brumer
- Auditory Research Laboratory, Center for Hearing and Skull Base Surgery, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Elizabeth Elkins
- Auditory Research Laboratory, Center for Hearing and Skull Base Surgery, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jennifer Parada
- Department of Psychology, Bellevue College, Bellevue, WA, United States
| | - Jake Hillyer
- College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Alexandra Parbery-Clark
- Auditory Research Laboratory, Center for Hearing and Skull Base Surgery, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Episodic Memory Impairment in Parkinson's Disease: Disentangling the Role of Encoding and Retrieval. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2021; 27:261-269. [PMID: 32967754 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617720000909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The source of episodic memory (EM) impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) is still unclear. In the present study, we sought to quantify specifically encoding, consolidation, and retrieval process deficits in a list-learning paradigm by a novel method, the item-specific deficit approach (ISDA). METHODS We applied the ISDA method to the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) in a sample of 15 PD patients and 15 healthy participants. RESULTS The results revealed differences in free recall performance between PD patients and controls. These patients, however, benefited from cues as much as controls did, and total recall did not differ between groups. When analyzing the ISDA indices for encoding, consolidation, and retrieval deficits, the results showed a general memory deficit, but with a clear focus on encoding and retrieval, as revealed by the sensitivity values. Moreover, controlling for initial learning did not eliminate group effects in retrieval. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a mixed pattern in PD patients, with deficits in both encoding and retrieval processes in memory. Also, despite the fact that an encoding dysfunction may explain some of the deficits observed at retrieval, it cannot fully account for the differences, highlighting that both encoding and retrieval factors are necessary to understand memory deficits in PD.
Collapse
|
8
|
Basso MR, Whiteside D, Combs D, Woods SP, Hoffmeister J, Mulligan R, Arnett P, Alden E, Tobin O. Memory in multiple sclerosis: A reappraisal using the item specific deficit approach. Neuropsychology 2021; 35:207-219. [PMID: 33764111 PMCID: PMC8396077 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As many as 65% of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) have clinically significant memory impairment, but the nature of this deficit is controversial. Some investigations suggest that an inability to retrieve newly learned information from memory is prominent, whereas others imply that compromised acquisition accounts for impairment. Prior research has not simultaneously evaluated acquisition and retrieval processes in MS, and fewer have attempted to account for initial acquisition when studying retrieval. The Item Specific Deficit Approach (ISDA) offers a method of quantifying acquisition, retrieval, and retention processes, with the latter two mechanisms being adjusted for initial acquisition. To simultaneously quantify acquisition and retrieval abilities, the ISDA was applied to list learning performance in two independent samples of people with MS and corresponding healthy comparison groups. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Study 1 included 85 people with MS and 47 healthy individuals. Study 2 involved a separate sample of 79 people with MS and 22 healthy people. They were administered neuropsychological batteries, and participants with MS were classified as globally impaired or unimpaired. The California Verbal Learning Test-II was administered to assess new-learning in both studies, and responses were scored using the ISDA. RESULTS Both studies revealed that cognitively impaired people with MS manifest weaknesses involving acquisition and retrieval. Nearly identical effect sizes emerged across samples, with cognitive impairment achieving a medium effect upon acquisition and a large effect upon retrieval. CONCLUSIONS These findings accord well with previous research showing diminished acquisition and retrieval among people with MS. The results may also reconcile contradictory findings in the extant literature by showing that memory impairment in MS is not exclusively attributable to either acquisition or retrieval. Rather, both processes may manifest across people with MS. The replication across samples with nearly identical effect sizes implies that these effects are reliable and possess external validity. These data hold implications for memory rehabilitation interventions involving people with MS, and suggest that acquisition and retrieval processes should be addressed in treatment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Collapse
|
9
|
Wright MJ, Monti MM, Lutkenhoff ES, Hardy DJ, Litvin PY, Kelly DF, Guskiewicz K, Cantu RC, Vespa PM, Hovda DA, Lopez WD, Wang C, Swerdloff R, Fuster JM. Memory in repeat sports-related concussive injury and single-impact traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 2020; 34:1666-1673. [PMID: 32990043 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2020.1825806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: Repeat sports-related concussive/subconcussive injury (RC/SCI) is related to memory impairment. Objective & Methods: We sought to determine memory differences between persons with RC/SCI, moderate-to-severe single-impact traumatic brain injury (SI-TBI), and healthy controls. MRI scans from a subsample of participants with SI-TBI were used to identify the neuroanatomical correlates of observed memory process differences between the brain injury groups. Results: Both brain injury groups evidenced worse learning and recall in contrast to controls, although SI-TBI group had poorer memory than the RC/SCI group. Regarding memory process differences, in contrast to controls, the SI-TBI group evidenced difficulties with encoding, consolidation, and retrieval, while the RC/SCI group showed deficits in consolidation and retrieval. Delayed recall was predicted by encoding, with consolidation as a secondary predictor in the SI-TBI group. In the RC/SCI group, delayed recall was only predicted by consolidation. MRI data showed that the consolidation index we used mapped onto hippocampal atrophy. Conclusions: RC/SCI is primarily associated with consolidation deficits, which differs from SI-TBI. Given the role of the hippocampus in memory consolidation and the fact that hyperphosphorylated tau tends to accumulate in the medial temporal lobe in RC/SCI, consolidation deficits may be a cognitive marker of chronic traumatic encephalopathy in athletes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Wright
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center , Torrance, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine , Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Martin M Monti
- Department of Psychology, UCLA , Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA School of Medicine , Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Evan S Lutkenhoff
- Department of Psychology, UCLA , Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA School of Medicine , Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David J Hardy
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine , Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Psychology, Loyola Marymount University , Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Pavel Y Litvin
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center , Torrance, California, USA
| | - Daniel F Kelly
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center & Pituitary Disorders Program, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center , Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Kevin Guskiewicz
- Department of Exercise & Sports Science, Center for the Study of Retired Athletes at the University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert C Cantu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul M Vespa
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA School of Medicine , Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine , Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David A Hovda
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA School of Medicine , Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Walter D Lopez
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center , Torrance, California, USA
| | - Christina Wang
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center , Torrance, California, USA
| | - Ronald Swerdloff
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center , Torrance, California, USA
| | - Joaquín M Fuster
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine , Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Andrés P, Vico H, Yáñez A, Siquier A, Ferrer GA. Quantifying memory deficits in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 11:108-114. [PMID: 30723774 PMCID: PMC6351432 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the present study, we use the item-specific deficit approach (ISDA), a method for characterizing memory deficits in list-learning, to portray the memory deficits in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). METHODS We applied the ISDA to compare memory performance of patients with aMCI and healthy controls in encoding, consolidation, and retrieval using the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test. RESULTS The results revealed clear differences in recall performance between patients with aMCI and controls. When analyzing the ISDA deficit indices, the results revealed a prominent encoding deficit, followed by a consolidating deficit. A greater sensitivity for the encoding index confirmed that a difficulty with encoding information plays a major role in explaining the episodic memory deficits experienced by patients with aMCI. DISCUSSION The present study applying the ISDA reveals great sensitivity and specificity of the encoding deficit index when identifying aMCI. As aMCI constitutes a risk factor to develop Alzheimer's disease, the current findings also confirm the need to concentrate on encoding deficits as an early diagnostic sign of cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Andrés
- Neuropsychology and Cognition Research Group, Research Institute on Health Sciences and Balearic Health Research Institute and IdISBa, Palma, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
| | - Helena Vico
- Neuropsychology and Cognition Research Group, Research Institute on Health Sciences and Balearic Health Research Institute and IdISBa, Palma, Spain
- Valencia University Clinic Hospital, Valencia, Spain
- Dr Peset University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Aina Yáñez
- Neuropsychology and Cognition Research Group, Research Institute on Health Sciences and Balearic Health Research Institute and IdISBa, Palma, Spain
- Department of Physiotherapy and Infirmary, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
| | - Antònia Siquier
- Neuropsychology and Cognition Research Group, Research Institute on Health Sciences and Balearic Health Research Institute and IdISBa, Palma, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Litvin PY, Siders CA, Waite EN, Woo E, Romero E, Foley J, Ettenhofer ML, Gooding AL, Castellon S, Hinkin C, Wright MJ. Recent cocaine use and memory impairment in HIV. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT 2019; 28:685-696. [PMID: 31661322 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2019.1683562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Both Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and cocaine use have been associated with impairment in neuropsychological functioning. The high comorbidity between HIV and cocaine use highlights the importance of ascertaining whether there is a compounding effect of cocaine use in individuals with HIV. Among neuropsychological domains impacted by HIV, verbal memory deficits have received substantial attention partly because they have been associated with declines in functional status in HIV positive individuals. We collected California Verbal Learning Test-II data from HIV participants who met lifetime diagnostic criteria of cocaine abuse and/or dependence (HIV/CocDx+, N = 80 & HIV/CocDx-, N = 30, respectively) and those with and without recent cocaine use, which was confirmed by toxicology analysis (HIV/Coc+, N = 56 & HIV/Coc-, N = 57, respectively). The Item Specific Deficit Approach (ISDA) was employed to determine any additional cocaine-associated deficits in encoding, consolidation, and retrieval, which attempts to control for potential confounding factors of memory such as attention. Using conventional methods of evaluating memory profiles, we found that the HIV/Coc + group demonstrated worse learning, immediate and delayed free recall, and recognition in contrast to the HIV/Coc - group; although using the ISDA, we found that encoding was the only significant difference between HIV/Coc + and HIV/Coc-participant, with HIV/Coc - performing better. Our data suggest that for individuals with HIV, cocaine use is associated with a temporary decline in verbal memory, is characterized by greater encoding deficits, and these effects may reduce with abstinence. Clinically, our findings suggest that reduced encoding is the likely contributor to verbal memory decline in HIV/Coc + and these effects are partially reversible-at least to the level of their HIV/Coc - counterparts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Y Litvin
- Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Craig A Siders
- Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA, USA.,California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - Erin N Waite
- Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Ellen Woo
- California State University Fresno, Fresno, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Romero
- Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, West Lost Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Foley
- Memory & Aging Center, University California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark L Ettenhofer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Amanda L Gooding
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Steven Castellon
- Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, West Lost Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Charles Hinkin
- Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, West Lost Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew J Wright
- Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Recent research has begun to demonstrate the effectiveness of mindfulness in improving certain cognitive abilities, including verbal learning and memory. However, no research has investigated the potential mechanism by which mindfulness may improve verbal learning and memory. We examined encoding, consolidation, and retrieval as potential mechanisms by which learning and memory may be increased on a list learning test (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task; RAVLT). After dividing participants into either a mindfulness or a control condition, in which they listened to a 10-min audio tape, results found that the mindfulness condition significantly outperformed the control condition on every RAVLT trial. Using the Item-Specific Deficit Approach, we discovered that this enhanced verbal learning and memory was specifically due to a significantly enhanced encoding process for the mindfulness group, which fully mediated the relationship between the mindfulness condition and performance on the RAVLT. There were no differences between the conditions on consolidation or retrieval. Furthermore, these improvements were not accompanied by improvements in verbal fluency or attention. In a second study, we presented a mindfulness or control audio before the first RAVLT delayed free-recall trial and another one before the second RAVLT delayed free-recall trial in order to better determine the effect of mindfulness on consolidation and retrieval. The results replicated Study 1, in that neither consolidation nor retrieval were significantly affected by mindfulness. This research indicates that mindfulness may primarily improve verbal learning and memory through improved encoding processes.
Collapse
|
13
|
Manoli R, Chartaux-Danjou L, Delecroix H, Daveluy W, Moroni C. Why evaluate one-week-delayed verbal recall in patients with severe traumatic brain injury? Brain Inj 2018; 32:1684-1689. [PMID: 30359148 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2018.1539245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to propose new measures to evaluate memory processes in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this purpose, we analyzed learning and consolidation processes depending on own patient's performance during a memory test. METHODS One-week Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test - word version (1W-FCSRT-word), which special feature relies on a 30-min and a 1-week-delayed recall after encoding, was administered to a group of 43 patients with severe TBI (age range from 20 to 54 years) and a group of neurologically healthy volunteers matched for age and gender. RESULTS Patients performed worse than healthy volunteers for the learning score. Their forgetting percentage was above healthy volunteers' performance and difference between the two groups increased with the delay from the learning phase. CONCLUSION In patients with severe TBI, our results underlined an altered learning and an impairment of long-term consolidation. It is crucial to detect these deficits in the aim to highlight, with a better accuracy, these patients' memory complaints and to propose a better professional rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romina Manoli
- a PSITEC Lab (EA 4072) , University of Lille , Villeneuve-d'Ascq , France
| | | | | | - Walter Daveluy
- b U.E.R.O.S. Lille , UGECAM Hauts-de-France , Lille , France
| | - Christine Moroni
- a PSITEC Lab (EA 4072) , University of Lille , Villeneuve-d'Ascq , France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Oltra-Cucarella J, Delgado S, Duque P, Pérez-Vicente JA, Cabello-Rodríguez L. Encoding deficits in low-educated individuals with non-amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. Analysis of memory processes using the Item Specific Deficit Approach. Psychiatry Res 2018; 268:211-216. [PMID: 30059887 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This work aims to analyze encoding impairments using new assessment scores in patients with naMCI who present to memory clinics with subjective cognitive complaints. The sample included 102 participants, of whom 28 were classified as healthy controls (HC), 24 as amnestic MCI (aMCI), 24 as naMCI and 26 patients as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Research outcomes were the Encoding, Consolidation and Retrieval deficit indices from the Item Specific Deficit Approach, and traditional indices (immediate total recall, delayed cued recall, delayed total recall) derived from the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT). We found no differences in immediate recall or delayed recall between HC and naMCI on the FCSRT, both scoring higher than aMCI and AD. naMCI showed encoding deficits in between HC and aMCI, with no differences between naMCI and HC on consolidation or retrieval deficit indices. The ISDA indices were better than traditional indices to discriminate between HC and naMCI (sensitivity: 70.8%, specificity: 78.6%), whereas the opposite pattern was found between naMCI and aMCI (sensitivity: 70.8%, specificity: 91.7%). New indices derived from neuropsychological tests may help to identify objective memory impairments in naMCI. Whether these new indices are useful for predicting conversion to AD needs further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Oltra-Cucarella
- Unit of Cognitive Impairments and Movement Disorders, Service of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Santa María del Rosell, Paseo Alfonso XIII, 61 30203, Cartagena, Murcia, Spain.
| | | | - Pablo Duque
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain; INEURO® project, Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Antonio Pérez-Vicente
- Unit of Cognitive Impairments and Movement Disorders, Service of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Santa María del Rosell, Paseo Alfonso XIII, 61 30203, Cartagena, Murcia, Spain
| | - Luís Cabello-Rodríguez
- Unit of Cognitive Impairments and Movement Disorders, Service of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Santa María del Rosell, Paseo Alfonso XIII, 61 30203, Cartagena, Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Christidi F, Karavasilis E, Velonakis G, Ferentinos P, Rentzos M, Kelekis N, Evdokimidis I, Bede P. The Clinical and Radiological Spectrum of Hippocampal Pathology in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Front Neurol 2018; 9:523. [PMID: 30018591 PMCID: PMC6037820 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal pathology in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) remains surprisingly under recognized despite compelling evidence from neuropsychology, neuroimaging and neuropathology studies. Hippocampal dysfunction contributes significantly to the clinical heterogeneity of ALS and requires structure-specific cognitive and neuroimaging tools for accurate in vivo evaluation. Recent imaging studies have generated unprecedented insights into the presymptomatic and longitudinal processes affecting this structure and have contributed to the characterisation of both focal and network-level changes. Emerging neuropsychology data suggest that memory deficits in ALS may be independent from executive dysfunction. In the era of precision medicine, where the development of individualized care strategies and patient stratification for clinical trials are key priorities, the comprehensive review of hippocampal dysfunction in ALS is particularly timely.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Foteini Christidi
- First Department of Neurology, Aeginition Hospital National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstratios Karavasilis
- Second Department of Radiology, General University Hospital “Attikon”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Velonakis
- Second Department of Radiology, General University Hospital “Attikon”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Ferentinos
- Second Department of Psychiatry, General University Hospital “Attikon”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michail Rentzos
- First Department of Neurology, Aeginition Hospital National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kelekis
- Second Department of Radiology, General University Hospital “Attikon”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Evdokimidis
- First Department of Neurology, Aeginition Hospital National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Peter Bede
- Computational Neuroimaging Group, Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Merz ZC, Wright JD, Vander Wal JS, Gfeller JD. A factor analytic investigation of the Mercy Evaluation of Multiple Sclerosis. Clin Neuropsychol 2018; 32:1431-1453. [PMID: 29359612 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2018.1426786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neurocognitive deficits commonly are an accompanying feature of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). A brief, yet comprehensive neuropsychological battery is desirable for assessing the extent of these deficits. Therefore, the present study examined the validity of the Mercy Evaluation of Multiple Sclerosis (MEMS) for use with the MS population. METHODS Archival data from individuals diagnosed with MS (N = 378) by independent neurologists was examined. Cognitive domains assessed included processing speed and attention, learning, and memory, visuospatial, language, and executive functioning. A mean battery index was calculated to provide a general indicator of cognitive impairment within the current sample. RESULTS Overall performance across participants was found to be in the lower limits of the average range. Results of factor analytic statistical procedures yielded a four-factor solution, accounting for 67% of total variance within the MEMS. Four neurocognitive measures exhibited the highest sensitivity in detecting cognitive impairment, constituting a psychometrically established brief cognitive screening battery, which accounted for 83% of total variance within the mean battery index score. CONCLUSION Overall, the results of the current study suggest appropriate construct validity of the MEMS for use with individuals with MS, as well as provide support for previously established cognitive batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary C Merz
- a Department of Psychology , Saint Louis University , St. Louis , MO , USA.,b Department of Neuropsychology , Mercy Hospital St. Louis , St. Louis , MO , USA
| | - John D Wright
- b Department of Neuropsychology , Mercy Hospital St. Louis , St. Louis , MO , USA
| | | | - Jeffrey D Gfeller
- a Department of Psychology , Saint Louis University , St. Louis , MO , USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tayim FM, Flashman LA, Wright MJ, Roth RM, McAllister TW. Recovery of episodic memory subprocesses in mild and complicated mild traumatic brain injury at 1 and 12 months post injury. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2016; 38:1005-14. [DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2016.1182968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
18
|
Vandenberghe M, Michiels J, Vanderaspoilden V, Claes T, Fery P. [Creation and normalisation of a verbal episodic memory task in elderly adults: "GERIA-12"]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2015; 171:853-65. [PMID: 26563664 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early damage to episodic memory encoding and consolidation processes has been demonstrated in dementia of the Alzheimer type. However, in the domain of verbal episodic memory assessment, there are few diagnostic tools adapted to the old and oldest old as far as ease of administration and accuracy of normative data are concerned. Classic tasks are either too effortful (like the free recall/cued recall of 16 items), not sensitive enough (like the 5 words test), or insufficiently accurate for people above 70 years old in terms of normative data. AIM The aim of this study was to develop a reduced task (in terms of number of items and number of trials) assessing verbal episodic memory in people aged between 70 and 89 years old. METHODS The task (GERIA-12) used the same procedure as the RL/RI-16 task but the list comprised only 12 words and there were only 2 learning trials. In order to assess consolidation processes, we included 2 delayed recall trials, one after 20 minutes and the other after 24 hours. We also calculated indexes adapted from the Item-Specific Deficit Approach developed by Wright et al., which has the advantage of providing measures specific to encoding, consolidation and retrieval processes. Standardization was done with data from 220 people aged between 70 and 89 years old and belonging to 3 education levels. RESULTS We obtained a significant effect of age and education level: scores decrease with age and increase with education. Norms have thus been calculated taking those two variables into consideration. Concerning the standardization, Barona method has been used for free recall scores while percentiles have been used for all other scores (total recall, free recall, encoding, consolidation and retrieval indexes). Normative data are also provided for intrusions and perseverations. CONCLUSION This new task allows encoding, consolidation and retrieval processes assessment in older people and has the following advantages: the procedure is more suitable (ease and time of administration), there are accurate normative data for old and oldest old people, and there are normative data for two delayed recalls (at 20 minutes and at 24 hours).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Vandenberghe
- Service de gériatrie, hôpital Erasme, université libre de Bruxelles, route de Lennik, 808, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgique; Service de neuropsychologie clinique et cognitive, hôpital Erasme, université libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique; Unité de recherches en neuropsychologie et imagerie fonctionnelle (UR2NF), centre de recherches en cognition et neurosciences (CRCN), institut des neurosciences de l'ULB, université libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique.
| | - J Michiels
- Unité de recherches en neuropsychologie et imagerie fonctionnelle (UR2NF), centre de recherches en cognition et neurosciences (CRCN), institut des neurosciences de l'ULB, université libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - V Vanderaspoilden
- Unité de recherches en neuropsychologie et imagerie fonctionnelle (UR2NF), centre de recherches en cognition et neurosciences (CRCN), institut des neurosciences de l'ULB, université libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique; Service de revalidation neurologique, CHU Brugmann, 4, P.L.-Van-Gehuchten, 1020 Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - T Claes
- Unité de recherches en neuropsychologie et imagerie fonctionnelle (UR2NF), centre de recherches en cognition et neurosciences (CRCN), institut des neurosciences de l'ULB, université libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique; HIS, hôpital Molière, 142, rue Marconi, 1190 Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - P Fery
- Service de neuropsychologie clinique et cognitive, hôpital Erasme, université libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique; Unité de recherches en neuropsychologie et imagerie fonctionnelle (UR2NF), centre de recherches en cognition et neurosciences (CRCN), institut des neurosciences de l'ULB, université libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chakrabarty T, Kozicky JM, Torres IJ, Lam RW, Yatham LN. Verbal memory impairment in new onset bipolar disorder: Relationship with frontal and medial temporal morphology. World J Biol Psychiatry 2015; 16:249-60. [PMID: 25708742 DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2014.1000373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Verbal memory (VM) impairment is a trait feature of bipolar I disorder (BDI) that is present at illness onset and associated with functional outcome. However, little is known about the morphological abnormalities underlying this deficit early in the disease course. This study examined the neurobiological correlates of VM impairment in euthymic newly diagnosed patients, with attention to frontal and medial temporal (MT) structures known to contribute to VM. METHODS Euthymic patients with BDI recently recovered from their first episode of mania (n = 42) were compared with healthy subjects (n = 37) using measures of the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT-II) associated with frontal and MT functioning. A subset of participants had 3T MRI scan (n = 31 patient group, n = 30 healthy subject group). Hippocampal and prefrontal volumes were analyzed using FreeSurfer 5.1 and correlated with their corresponding CVLT-II subscores. RESULTS Patients showed decreased performance in total learning as well as short and long delay verbal recall. Consistent with MT dysfunction, they also showed deficits in recognition discriminability and learning slope. In the patient group only, left hippocampal volumes were negatively correlated with these measures. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that anomalous MT functioning is involved with VM impairment early in the course of BDI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Chakrabarty
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Obermeit LC, Morgan EE, Casaletto KB, Grant I, Woods SP. Antiretroviral Non-Adherence is Associated With a Retrieval Profile of Deficits in Verbal Episodic Memory. Clin Neuropsychol 2015; 29:197-213. [PMID: 25781903 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2015.1018950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
HIV-associated deficits in verbal episodic memory are commonly associated with antiretroviral non-adherence; however, the specific aspects of memory functioning (e.g., encoding, consolidation, or retrieval) that underlie this established relationship are not well understood. This study evaluated verbal memory profiles of 202 HIV+ participants who underwent a 30-day electronic monitoring of antiretroviral adherence. At the group level, non-adherence was significantly associated with lower scores on immediate and delayed passage recall and word list learning. Retention and recognition of passages and word lists were not related to adherence. Participants were then classified as having either a normal verbal memory profile, a "subcortical" retrieval profile (i.e., impaired free recall with relatively spared recognition), or a "cortical" encoding profile (e.g., cued recall intrusions) based on the Massman et al. ( 1990 ) algorithm for the California Verbal Learning Test. HIV+ participants with a classic retrieval deficit had significantly greater odds of being non-adherent than participants with a normal or encoding profile. These findings suggest that adherence to prescribed antiretroviral regimens may be particularly vulnerable to disruption in HIV+ individuals due to deficits in the complex process of efficiently accessing verbal episodic information with minimal cues. A stronger relationship between non-adherence and passage (vs. word list) recall was also found and may reflect the importance of contextual features in remembering to take medications. Targeted interventions for enhancing and supporting episodic memory retrieval processes may improve antiretroviral adherence and overall health outcomes among persons living with HIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa C Obermeit
- a The HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program , University of California , San Diego , CA 92103-8231 , USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Early metabolic crisis-related brain atrophy and cognition in traumatic brain injury. Brain Imaging Behav 2014; 7:307-15. [PMID: 23636971 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-013-9231-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury often results in acute metabolic crisis. We recently demonstrated that this is associated with chronic brain atrophy, which is most prominent in the frontal and temporal lobes. Interestingly, the neuropsychological profile of traumatic brain injury is often characterized as 'frontal-temporal' in nature, suggesting a possible link between acute metabolic crisis-related brain atrophy and neurocognitive impairment in this population. While focal lesions and diffuse axonal injury have a well-established role in the neuropsychological deficits observed following traumatic brain injury, no studies to date have examined the possible contribution of acute metabolic crisis-related atrophy in the neuropsychological sequelae of traumatic brain injury. In the current study we employed positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and neuropsychological assessments to ascertain the relationship between acute metabolic crisis-related brain atrophy and neurocognitive outcome in a sample of 14 right-handed traumatic brain injury survivors. We found that acute metabolic crisis-related atrophy in the frontal and temporal lobes was associated with poorer attention, executive functioning, and psychomotor abilities at 12 months post-injury. Furthermore, participants with gross frontal and/or temporal lobe atrophy exhibited numerous clinically significant neuropsychological deficits in contrast to participants with other patterns of brain atrophy. Our findings suggest that interventions that reduce acute metabolic crisis may lead to improved functional outcomes for traumatic brain injury survivors.
Collapse
|
22
|
Benefits of deep encoding in Alzheimer's disease. Analysis of performance in a memory task using the Item Specific Deficit Approach. NEUROLOGÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
23
|
Vanderploeg RD, Donnell AJ, Belanger HG, Curtiss G. Consolidation deficits in traumatic brain injury: The core and residual verbal memory defect. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2013; 36:58-73. [DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2013.864600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
24
|
Oltra-Cucarella J, Pérez-Elvira R, Duque P. Benefits of deep encoding in Alzheimer disease. Analysis of performance on a memory task using the Item Specific Deficit Approach. Neurologia 2013; 29:286-93. [PMID: 24035297 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION the aim of this study is to test the encoding deficit hypothesis in Alzheimer disease (AD) using a recent method for correcting memory tests. To this end, a Spanish-language adaptation of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test was interpreted using the Item Specific Deficit Approach (ISDA), which provides three indices: Encoding Deficit Index, Consolidation Deficit Index, and Retrieval Deficit Index. METHODS We compared the performances of 15 patients with AD and 20 healthy control subjects and analysed results using either the task instructions or the ISDA approach. RESULTS patients with AD displayed deficient encoding of more than half the information, but items that were encoded properly could be retrieved later with the help of the same semantic clues provided individually during encoding. Virtually all the information retained over the long-term was retrieved by using semantic clues. Encoding was shown to be the most impaired process, followed by retrieval and consolidation. Discriminant function analyses showed that ISDA indices are more sensitive and specific for detecting memory impairments in AD than are raw scores. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that patients with AD present impaired information encoding, but they benefit from semantic hints that help them recover previously learned information. This should be taken into account for intervention techniques focusing on memory impairments in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Oltra-Cucarella
- Unidad de Neuropsicología, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, España.
| | - R Pérez-Elvira
- NEPSA Rehabilitación Neurológica, Salamanca, España; Hospital Centro de Cuidados Laguna, Madrid, España
| | - P Duque
- Programa de Neuropsicología Clínica, Hospital Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, España; Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Neurorrehabilitación, Valencia, España
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Selective attention and the three-process memory model for the interpretation of verbal free recall in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2012; 18:809-18. [PMID: 22676844 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617712000562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigates selective attention and verbal free recall in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and examines the contribution of selective attention, encoding, consolidation, and retrieval memory processes to patients' verbal free recall. We examined 22 non-demented patients with sporadic ALS and 22 demographically related controls using Stroop Neuropsychological Screening Test (SNST; selective attention) and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT; immediate & delayed verbal free recall). The item-specific deficit approach (ISDA) was applied to RAVLT to evaluate encoding, consolidation, and retrieval difficulties. ALS patients performed worse than controls on SNST (p < .001) and RAVLT immediate and delayed recall (p < .001) and showed deficient encoding (p = .001) and consolidation (p = .002) but not retrieval (p = .405). Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that SNST and ISDA indices accounted for: (a) 91.1% of the variance in RAVLT immediate recall, with encoding (p = .016), consolidation (p < .001), and retrieval (p = .032) significantly contributing to the overall model and the SNST alone accounting for 41.6%; and (b) 85.2% of the variance in RAVLT delayed recall, with consolidation (p < .001) and retrieval (p = .008) significantly contributing to the overall model and the SNST alone accounting for 39.8%. Thus, selective attention, encoding, and consolidation, and to a lesser extent of retrieval, influenced both immediate and delayed verbal free recall. Concluding, selective attention and the memory processes of encoding, consolidation, and retrieval should be considered while interpreting patients' impaired free recall. (JINS, 2012, 18, 1-10).
Collapse
|
26
|
Cattie JE, Woods SP, Arce M, Weber E, Delis DC, Grant I. Construct validity of the item-specific deficit approach to the California verbal learning test (2nd Ed) in HIV infection. Clin Neuropsychol 2012; 26:288-304. [PMID: 22394206 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2011.653404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Impairment in list learning and recall is prevalent in HIV-infected individuals and is strongly predictive of everyday functioning outcomes. Consistent with its predominant frontostriatal pathology, the memory profile associated with HIV infection is best characterized as a mixed encoding/retrieval profile. The Item-Specific Deficit Approach (ISDA) was developed by Wright et al. (2009) to elicit indices of Encoding, Consolidation, and Retrieval from the well-validated California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT; Delis, Kramer, Kaplan, & Ober, 1987, 2000). The current study evaluated construct validity of the ISDA for the CVLT-II in 40 persons with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HIV+/HAND+), 103 HIV-infected persons without HAND (HIV+/HAND-), and 43 seronegative comparison participants (HIV-). Results provided mixed support for the construct validity of ISDA indices. HIV+/HAND+ individuals performed significantly more poorly than persons in the HIV+/HAND- and HIV- groups on ISDA Encoding, Consolidation, and Retrieval deficit indices, which demonstrated adequate classification accuracy for diagnosing HIV+/HAND+ participants and evidence of both convergent (e.g., episodic memory) and divergent (e.g., motor skills) correlations in the HIV+/HAND+ participants. However, highly intercorrelated ISDA indices and traditional CVLT-II measures showed comparable between-groups effect sizes, classification accuracy, and correlations to other memory tests, thereby raising uncertainties about the incremental value of the ISDA approach in clinical neuroAIDS research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan E Cattie
- Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University and University of California, San Diego, CA 92103, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wright MJ, Schmitter-Edgecombe M. The impact of verbal memory encoding and consolidation deficits during recovery from moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2011; 26:182-91. [PMID: 21552067 DOI: 10.1097/htr.0b013e318218dcf9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Encoding and consolidation deficits appear to account for verbal memory impairment following traumatic brain injury (TBI). It is unknown whether these abilities vary during TBI recovery. We sought to determine the pattern and impact of verbal encoding and consolidation deficits following TBI. METHODS Twenty-three participants with moderate-to-severe TBI and 25 age- and education-matched control participants' verbal memory abilities were assessed at 2 time points approximately 1 year apart; assessments occurred at acute and chronic visits for TBI survivors. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and Item Specific Deficit Approach indices of encoding, consolidation, and retrieval deficits. RESULTS In contrast to the controls, participants with TBI showed impaired verbal memory characterized by encoding and consolidation deficits at both time points. The TBI group's short-delayed recall and consolidation scores improved between the acute and chronic assessments. Encoding (primary) and consolidation (secondary) deficits emerged as predictors of acute and chronic recall in the TBI group. Also, acute visit encoding deficits predicted chronic visit delayed recall in TBI survivors, but acute consolidation deficits did not. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that memory rehabilitation efforts focused on improving encoding of verbal material may be useful during both the acute and chronic phases of recovery following TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Wright
- Department of Psychiatry/Psychology Division, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California 90502, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wright MJ, Woo E, Foley J, Ettenhofer ML, Cottingham ME, Gooding AL, Jang J, Kim MS, Castellon SA, Miller EN, Hinkin CH. Antiretroviral adherence and the nature of HIV-associated verbal memory impairment. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2011; 23:324-31. [PMID: 21948894 PMCID: PMC3603356 DOI: 10.1176/jnp.23.3.jnp324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The authors investigated the relationship between antiretroviral adherence and HIV-associated verbal memory impairment. HIV-positive participants demonstrated poorer verbal memory than HIV-negative participants. Both good (≥90%) and poor (<90%) adherers displayed encoding deficits as compared with controls, but only poor adherers exhibited retrieval deficits. Encoding deficits primarily accounted for reduced delayed recall in good adherers, but both encoding and retrieval deficits accounted for reduced delayed recall in poor adherers. The retrieval difference between the adherence groups might be explained by a neuroprotective effect of good antiretroviral adherence or preexisting HIV-related retrieval deficits that result in poorer adherence.
Collapse
|
29
|
Cummings JL, Ringman J, Metz K. Mary S. Easton Center of Alzheimer's Disease Research at UCLA: advancing the therapeutic imperative. J Alzheimers Dis 2010; 19:375-88. [PMID: 20110588 DOI: 10.3233/jad-2010-1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research (UCLA-Easton Alzheimer's Center) is committed to the "therapeutic imperative" and is devoted to finding new treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to developing technologies (biomarkers) to advance that goal. The UCLA-Easton Alzheimer's Center has a continuum of research and research-related activities including basic/foundational studies of peptide interactions; translational studies in transgenic animals and other animal models of AD; clinical research to define the phenotype of AD, characterize familial AD, develop biomarkers, and advance clinical trials; health services and outcomes research; and active education, dissemination, and recruitment activities. The UCLAEaston Alzheimer's Center is supported by the National Institutes on Aging, the State of California, and generous donors who share our commitment to developing new therapies for AD. The naming donor (Jim Easton) provided substantial funds to endow the center and to support projects in AD drug discovery and biomarker development. The Sidell-Kagan Foundation supports the Katherine and Benjamin Kagan Alzheimer's Treatment Development Program, and the Deane F. Johnson Alzheimer's Research Foundation supports the Deane F. Johnson Center for Neurotherapeutics at UCLA. The John Douglas French Alzheimer's Research Foundation provides grants to junior investigators in critical periods of their academic development. The UCLA-Easton Alzheimer's Center partners with community organizations including the Alzheimer's Association California Southland Chapter and the Leeza Gibbons memory Foundation. Collaboration with pharmaceutical companies, biotechnology companies, and device companies is critical to developing new therapeutics for AD and these collaborations are embraced in the mission of the UCLA-Easton Alzheimer's Center. The Center supports excellent senior 3 investigators and serves as an incubator for new scientists, agents, models, technologies and concepts that will significantly influence the future of AD treatment and AD research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Cummings
- Department of Neurology, The Mary S Easton Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research at UCLA, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wright MJ, Schmitter-Edgecombe M, Woo E. Verbal memory impairment in severe closed head injury: the role of encoding and consolidation. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2010; 32:728-36. [PMID: 20175012 DOI: 10.1080/13803390903512652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We applied the item-specific deficit approach (ISDA) to California Verbal Learning Test data obtained from 56 severe, acceleration-deceleration closed head injury (CHI) participants and 62 controls. The CHI group demonstrated deficits on all ISDA indices in comparison to controls. Regression analyses indicated that encoding deficits, followed by consolidation deficits, accounted for most of the variance in delayed recall. Additionally, level of acquisition played a partial role in CHI-associated consolidation difficulties. Finally, CHI encoding deficits were largely driven by low semantic clustering during list learning. These results suggest that encoding (primary) and consolidation (secondary) deficits account for CHI-associated verbal memory impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Wright
- Department of Psychiatry, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|