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David C, Tuller L, Schweitzer E, Lescanne E, Bonnet-Brilhault F, Gomot M, Ferré S. Does Phonological Complexity Provide a Good Index of Language Disorder in Children With Cochlear Implants? JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2021; 64:4271-4286. [PMID: 34726957 DOI: 10.1044/2021_jslhr-20-00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Phonological complexity is known to be a good index of developmental language disorder (DLD) in normal-hearing children, who have major difficulties on some complex structures. Some deaf children with cochlear implants (CIs) present a profile that evokes DLD, with persistent linguistic difficulties despite good audiological and environmental conditions. However, teasing apart what is related to auditory deficit or to language disorder remains complex. Method We compared the performance of three groups of school-age children, 33 children with CI, 22 with DLD, and 24 with typical development, on a nonword repetition (NWR) task based on phonological complexity. Children with CI were studied regarding their linguistic profile, categorized in four subgroups ranging from excellent to very poor performance. Influence of syllable length and phonological structures on the results of all the children were explored. Results The NWR task correctly distinguished children with DLD from typically developing children, and also children with CI with the poorest linguistic performance from other children with CI. However, most complex phonological structures did not reliably identify children with CI displaying a profile similar to that of children with DLD because these structures were difficult for all of the children with CI. The simplest phonological structures were better at detecting persistent language difficulties in children with CI, as they were challenging only for the children with the poorest language outcomes. Conclusions The most complex phonological structures are not good indices of language disorder in children with CI. Phonological complexity represents a gradient of difficulty that affects normal-hearing and deaf children differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline David
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, France
| | | | | | | | - Frédérique Bonnet-Brilhault
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, France
- Centre Universitaire de Pédopsychiatrie, CHRU de Tours, France
| | - Marie Gomot
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, France
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van Weerdenburg M, de Hoog BE, Knoors H, Verhoeven L, Langereis MC. Spoken language development in school-aged children with cochlear implants as compared to hard-of-hearing children and children with specific language impairment. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 122:203-212. [PMID: 31048113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brigitte E de Hoog
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Harry Knoors
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Royal Dutch Kentalis, Sint-Michielsgestel, the Netherlands
| | - Ludo Verhoeven
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Royal Dutch Kentalis, Sint-Michielsgestel, the Netherlands
| | - Margreet C Langereis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hearing and Implants, Radboud University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, the Netherlands
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Sundström S, Löfkvist U, Lyxell B, Samuelsson C. Prosodic and segmental aspects of nonword repetition in 4- to 6-year-old children who are deaf and hard of hearing compared to controls with normal hearing. CLINICAL LINGUISTICS & PHONETICS 2018; 32:950-971. [PMID: 29723069 DOI: 10.1080/02699206.2018.1469671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Children who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) are at an increased risk of speech and language deficits. Nonword repetition (NWR) is a potential predictor of problems with phonology, grammar and lexicon in DHH children. The aim of the present study was to examine repetition of prosodic features and segments in nonwords by DHH children compared to children with normal hearing (NH) and to relate NWR performance to measures of language ability and background variables. In this cross-sectional study, 14 Swedish-speaking children with mild-profound sensorineural hearing loss, aged 4-6 years, and 29 age-matched controls with NH and typical language development participated. The DHH children used cochlear implants (CI), hearing aids or a combination of both. The assessment materials included a prosodically controlled NWR task, as well as tests of phonological production, expressive grammar and receptive vocabulary. The DHH children performed below the children with NH on the repetition of tonal word accents, stress patterns, vowels and consonants, with consonants being hardest, and tonal word accents easiest, to repeat. NWR performance was also correlated with language ability, and to hearing level, in the DHH children. Both prosodic and segmental features of nonwords are problematic for Swedish-speaking DHH children compared to children with NH, but performance on tonal word accent repetition is comparably high. NWR may have potential as a clinically useful tool for identification of children who are in need of speech and language intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Sundström
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden
| | - Ulrika Löfkvist
- b Department of Special Needs Education , University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
- c Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology , Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Björn Lyxell
- d Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning and the Swedish Institute for Disability Research , Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden
| | - Christina Samuelsson
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden
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Common Versus Unique Findings on Processing-Based Task Performance in Korean Speaking Children With Cochlear Implants. Otol Neurotol 2017; 38:e339-e344. [PMID: 28863086 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000001549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS To better understand individual variability by examining overall neurocognitive underlying features in children with cochlear implants (CIs), and to investigate whether previous findings hold constant in Asian-language users. BACKGROUND Studies have tried to explain the individual variability in children with CIs. However, performance on experience-dependent tasks does not seem to be sensitive enough to explain the underlying reason why children have language difficulties even after the surgical procedure. Thus, this current research has focused on underlying neurocognitive functions to better explain the reason for the wide variability in this population. METHODS Using a separate univariate analysis paradigm, performance on processing-based tasks was compared between children with CIs and children with normal hearing. A total of 34 children ranging from 10 to 12 years old participated in the study. There were two different categories of processing-based tasks tapping processing capacity and processing speed. This study used nonword repetition (NWR), competing language processing task (CLPT), and counting span (CS) for examining processing capacity, while rapid naming (RAN) in color, shape, and color shape were used to investigate processing speed. RESULTS Children with NH outperformed children with CIs on all processing-capacity tasks, except CS. Children with CIs performed similarly to children with NH on processing speed tasks. CONCLUSIONS We found children with CIs still experienced difficulties with processing capacity. Due to cross-linguistic features, we also discovered some interesting findings that differed from previous studies. Lastly, we found processing speed was fairly intact in children with CIs, which is a new finding.
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Sierpowska J, Gabarrós A, Fernandez-Coello A, Camins À, Castañer S, Juncadella M, Morís J, Rodríguez-Fornells A. Words are not enough: nonword repetition as an indicator of arcuate fasciculus integrity during brain tumor resection. J Neurosurg 2017; 126:435-445. [DOI: 10.3171/2016.2.jns151592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Subcortical electrical stimulation during brain surgery may allow localization of functionally crucial white matter fibers and thus tailoring of the tumor resection according to its functional limits. The arcuate fasciculus (AF) is a white matter bundle connecting frontal, temporal, and parietal cortical areas that is often disrupted by left brain lesions. It plays a critical role in several cognitive functions related to phonological processing, but current intraoperative monitoring methods do not yet allow mapping of this tract with sufficient precision. In the present study the authors aimed to test a new paradigm for the intraoperative monitoring of the AF.
METHODS
In this report, the authors studied 12 patients undergoing awake brain surgery for tumor resection with a related risk of AF damage. To preserve AF integrity and the cognitive processes sustained by this tract in the intraoperative context, the authors used real word repetition (WR) and nonword repetition (NWR) tasks as complements to standard picture naming.
RESULTS
Compared with the errors identified by WR or picture naming, the NWR task allowed the detection of subtle errors possibly related to AF alterations. Moreover, only 3 patients demonstrated phonological paraphasias in standard picture naming, and in 2 of these patients the paraphasias co-occurred with the total loss of WR and NWR ability. Before surgery, lesion volume predicted a patient's NWR performance.
CONCLUSIONS
The authors suggest that monitoring NWR intraoperatively may complement the standard naming tasks and could permit better preservation of the important language production functions subserved by the AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Sierpowska
- 1Cognition and Brain Plasticity Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
- 2Department of Basic Psychology, Campus Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
| | - Andreu Gabarrós
- 3Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Neurosurgery Section, Campus Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
| | - Alejandro Fernandez-Coello
- 3Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Neurosurgery Section, Campus Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
- 4CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina
| | - Àngels Camins
- 5Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Centre Bellvitge, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
| | - Sara Castañer
- 5Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Centre Bellvitge, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
| | - Montserrat Juncadella
- 6Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Neurology Section, Campus Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat; and
| | - Joaquín Morís
- 1Cognition and Brain Plasticity Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
- 2Department of Basic Psychology, Campus Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
| | - Antoni Rodríguez-Fornells
- 1Cognition and Brain Plasticity Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
- 2Department of Basic Psychology, Campus Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
- 7Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
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Flagge AG, Estis JM, Moore RE. Short-Term Memory Performance in 7- and 8-Year-Old Children: The Relationship Between Phonological and Pitch Processing. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2016; 59:1208-1217. [PMID: 27682025 DOI: 10.1044/2016_jslhr-h-14-0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The relationship between short-term memory for phonology and pitch was explored by examining accuracy scores for typically developing children for 5 experimental tasks: immediate nonword repetition (NWR), nonword repetition with an 8-s silent interference (NWRS), pitch discrimination (PD), pitch discrimination with an 8-s silent interference (PDS), and pitch matching (PM). METHOD Thirty-six 7- and 8-year-old children (21 girls, 15 boys) with normal hearing, language, and cognition were asked to listen to and repeat nonsense words (NWR, NWRS), make a same versus different decision between 2 tones (PD, PDS), and listen to and then vocally reproduce a tone (PM). RESULTS Results showed no significant correlations between tasks of phonological memory and tests of pitch memory, that participants scored significantly better on nonword repetition tasks than PD and PM tasks, and that participants performed significantly better on tasks with no silent interference. DISCUSSION These findings suggest that, for typically developing children, pitch may be stored and rehearsed in a separate location than phonological information. Because of fundamental task differences, further research is needed to corroborate these data and determine the presence of developmental effects and neuroanatomical locations where a potential language/music overlap is occurring in children.
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de Hoog BE, Langereis MC, van Weerdenburg M, Knoors HET, Verhoeven L. Linguistic profiles of children with CI as compared with children with hearing or specific language impairment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE & COMMUNICATION DISORDERS 2016; 51:518-530. [PMID: 26864995 DOI: 10.1111/1460-6984.12228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spoken language difficulties of children with moderate or severe to profound hearing loss are mainly related to limited auditory speech perception. However, degraded or filtered auditory input as evidenced in children with cochlear implants (CIs) may result in less efficient or slower language processing as well. To provide insight into the underlying nature of the spoken language difficulties in children with CIs, linguistic profiles of children with CIs are compared with those of hard-of-hearing (HoH) children with conventional hearing aids and children with specific language impairment (SLI). AIMS To examine differences in linguistic abilities and profiles of children with CIs as compared with HoH children and children with SLI, and whether the spoken language difficulties of children with CIs mainly lie in limited auditory perception or in language processing problems. METHODS & PROCEDURE Differences in linguistic abilities and differential linguistic profiles of 47 children with CI, 66 HoH children with moderate to severe hearing loss, and 127 children with SLI are compared, divided into two age cohorts. Standardized Dutch tests were administered. Factor analyses and cluster analyses were conducted to find homogeneous linguistic profiles of the children. OUTCOMES & RESULTS The children with CIs were outperformed by their HoH peers and peers with SLI on most linguistic abilities. Concerning the linguistic profiles, the largest group of children with CIs and HoH children shared similar profiles. The profiles observed for most of the children with SLI were different from those of their peers with hearing loss in both age cohorts. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS Results suggest that the underlying nature of spoken language problems in most children with CIs manifests in limited auditory perception instead of language processing difficulties. However, there appears to be a subgroup of children with CIs whose linguistic profiles resemble those of children with SLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte E de Hoog
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500, HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Margreet C Langereis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hearing and Implants, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, P.O. Box 9101, 6500, HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn van Weerdenburg
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500, HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Harry E T Knoors
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500, HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Royal Dutch Kentalis, P.O. Box 7, 5270, BA Sint-Michielsgestel, The Netherlands
| | - Ludo Verhoeven
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500, HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Verhoeven J, Hide O, De Maeyer S, Gillis S, Gillis S. Hearing impairment and vowel production. A comparison between normally hearing, hearing-aided and cochlear implanted Dutch children. JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION DISORDERS 2016; 59:24-39. [PMID: 26629749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the acoustic characteristics of the Belgian Standard Dutch vowels in children with hearing impairment and in children with normal hearing. In a balanced experimental design, the 12 vowels of Belgian Standard Dutch were recorded in three groups of children: a group of children with normal hearing, a group with a conventional hearing aid and a group with a cochlear implant. The formants, the surface area of the vowel space and the acoustic differentiation between the vowels were determined. The analyses revealed that many of the vowels in hearing-impaired children showed a reduction of the formant values. This reduction was particularly significant with respect to F2. The size of the vowel space was significantly smaller in the hearing-impaired children. Finally, a smaller acoustic differentiation between the vowels was observed in children with hearing impairment. The results show that even after 5 years of device use, the acoustic characteristics of the vowels in hearing-assisted children remain significantly different as compared to their NH peers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Verhoeven
- City University London, Division of Language and Communication Science, London, United Kingdom; Flemish Academic Centre (Vlaams Academisch Centrum), Advanced Studies Institute of the Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium for Sciences and the Arts, Brussels, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Department of Linguistics, CLIPS Computational Linguistics and Psycholinguistics, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Oydis Hide
- University of Antwerp, Department of Linguistics, CLIPS Computational Linguistics and Psycholinguistics, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sven De Maeyer
- University of Antwerp, Institute for Education and Information Sciences, Research Group Edubron, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - San Gillis
- University of Antwerp, Department of Physics, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Steven Gillis
- University of Antwerp, Department of Linguistics, CLIPS Computational Linguistics and Psycholinguistics, Antwerp, Belgium
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Torrington Eaton C, Newman RS, Ratner NB, Rowe ML. Non-word repetition in 2-year-olds: Replication of an adapted paradigm and a useful methodological extension. CLINICAL LINGUISTICS & PHONETICS 2015; 29:523-535. [PMID: 25894670 DOI: 10.3109/02699206.2015.1029594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Accurate non-word repetition (NWR) has been largely attributed to phonological memory, although the task involves other processes including speech production, which may confound results in toddlers with developing speech production abilities. This study is based on Hoff, Core and Bridges' adapted NWR task, which includes a real-word repetition (RWR) condition. We tested 86 typically developing 2-year-olds and found relationships between NWR and both receptive and expressive vocabulary using a novel measure that controls for speech production by comparing contextually matched targets in RWR. Post hoc analyses demonstrated the influence of lexical and sublexical factors in repetition tasks. Overall, results illustrate the importance of controlling for speech production differences in young children and support a useful methodological approach for testing NWR.
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Bittencourt AG, Torre AAGD, Bento RF, Tsuji RK, Brito RD. Prelingual deafness: Benefits from cochlear implants versus conventional hearing aids. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 16:387-90. [PMID: 25991962 PMCID: PMC4399630 DOI: 10.7162/s1809-97772012000300014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The majority of patients with hearing loss, including those with severe hearing loss, benefits from the use of hearing aids. The cochlear implant is believed to achieve better results in a child with hearing loss in cases where the severity of disability renders hearing aids incapable of providing adequate sound information, as they require sufficient cochlear reserve so that acoustic detention occurs. Objective: To assess if cochlear implants provide more benefit than conventional hearing aids in prelingually deaf patients. Summary of the findings: The study was a systematic review of scientific papers selected by a search of the SciELO, Cochrane, MEDLINE, and LILACS-BIREME databases. Among the 2169 articles found, 12 studies proved relevant to the issue and presented an evidence strength rating of B. No publications rated evidence strength A. Seven of the studies analyzed were prospective cohorts and 5 were cross-sectional studies. Conclusion: Based on several studies, cochlear implants were demonstrated to be the best current alternative for bilateral severe or profound hearing loss, achieving better results in speech perception and development in prelingual children when compared to conventional hearing aids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Gomes Bittencourt
- Neurotology Fellow - Department of Otolaryngology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Ferreira Bento
- Professor and Chairman - Department of Otolaryngology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robinson Koji Tsuji
- Associate Doctor - Department of Otolaryngology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rubens de Brito
- Associate Professor - Department of Otolaryngology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
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Nakeva Von Mentzer C, Lyxell B, Sahlén B, Dahlström Ö, Lindgren M, Ors M, Kallioinen P, Engström E, Uhlén I. Segmental and suprasegmental properties in nonword repetition--an explorative study of the associations with nonword decoding in children with normal hearing and children with bilateral cochlear implants. CLINICAL LINGUISTICS & PHONETICS 2015; 29:216-235. [PMID: 25489675 DOI: 10.3109/02699206.2014.987926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study explored nonword repetition (NWR) and nonword decoding in normal-hearing (NH) children and in children with bilateral cochlear implants (CI). Participants were 11 children, with CI, 5:0-7:11 years (M = 6.5 years), and 11 NH children, individually age-matched to the children with CI. This study fills an important gap in research, since it thoroughly describes detailed aspects of NWR and nonword decoding and their possible associations. All children were assessed after having practiced with a computer-assisted reading intervention with a phonics approach during four weeks. Results showed that NH children outperformed children with CI on the majority of aspects of NWR. The analysis of syllable number in NWR revealed that children with CI made more syllable omissions than did the NH children, and predominantly in prestressed positions. In addition, the consonant cluster analysis in NWR showed significantly more consonant omissions and substitutions in children with CI suggesting that reaching fine-grained levels of phonological processing was particularly difficult for these children. No significant difference was found for nonword-decoding accuracy between the groups, as measured by whole words correct and phonemes correct, but differences were observed regarding error patterns. In children with CI phoneme, deletions occurred significantly more often than in children with NH. The correlation analysis revealed that the ability to repeat consonant clusters in NWR had the strongest associations to nonword decoding in both groups. The absence of as frequent significant associations between NWR and nonword decoding in children with CI compared to children with NH suggest that these children partly use other decoding strategies to compensate for less precise phonological knowledge, for example, lexicalizations in nonword decoding, specifically, making a real word of a nonword.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Nakeva Von Mentzer
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden
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Kalnak N, Peyrard-Janvid M, Forssberg H, Sahlén B. Nonword repetition--a clinical marker for specific language impairment in Swedish associated with parents' language-related problems. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89544. [PMID: 24586859 PMCID: PMC3933563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
First, we explore the performance of nonword repetition (NWR) in children with specific language impairment (SLI) and typically developing children (TD) in order to investigate the accuracy of NWR as a clinical marker for SLI in Swedish-speaking school-age children. Second, we examine the relationship between NWR, family aggregation, and parental level of education in children with SLI. A sample of 61 children with SLI, and 86 children with TD, aged 8-12 years, were administered an NWR test. Family aggregation, measured as the prevalence of language and/or literacy problems (LLP) in parents of the children with SLI, was based on family history interviews. The sensitivity and specificity of nonword repetition was analyzed in a binary logistic regression, cut-off values were established with ROC curves, and positive and negative likelihood ratios reported. Results from the present study show that NWR distinguishes well between Swedish-speaking school-children with and without SLI. We found 90.2% sensitivity and 97.7% specificity at a cut-off level of -2 standard deviations for binary scoring of nonwords. Differences between the SLI and TD groups showed large effect sizes for the two scoring measures binary (d = 2.11) and percent correct consonants (PCC) (d = 1.79). The children with SLI were split into two subgroups: those with no parents affected with LLP (n = 12), and those with one or both parents affected (n = 49). The subgroup consisting of affected parents had a significantly lower score on NWR binary (p = .037), and there was a great difference between the subgroups (d = 0.7). When compared to the TD group, the difference from the subgroup with affected parents was almost one standard deviation larger (d = 2.47) than the difference from the TD to the subgroup consisting of non-affected parents (d = 1.57). Our study calls for further exploration of the complex interaction between family aggregation, language input, and phenotypes of SLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelli Kalnak
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Hans Forssberg
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Sahlén
- Department of Logopedics, Phoniatrics, and Audiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Henricson C, Wass M, Lidestam B, Möller C, Lyxell B. Cognitive skills in children with Usher syndrome type 1 and cochlear implants. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2012; 76:1449-57. [PMID: 22795738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Usher syndrome is a genetic condition causing deaf-blindness and is one of the most common causes of syndromic deafness. Individuals with USH1 in Sweden born during the last 15 years have typically received cochlear implants (CI) as treatment for their congenital, profound hearing loss. Recent research in genetics indicates that the cause of deafness in individuals with Usher type 1 (USH1) could be beneficial for the outcome with cochlear implants (CI). This population has not previously been the focus of cognitive research. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to examine the phonological and lexical skills and working memory capacity (WMC) in children with USH1 and CI and to compare their performance with children with NH, children with hearing-impairment using hearing-aids and to children with non-USH1 deafness using CI. The participants were 7 children aged 7-16 years with USH1 and CI. METHODS The participants performed 10 sets of tasks measuring phonological and lexical skills and working memory capacity. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that children with USH1 and CI as a group in general have a similar level of performance on the cognitive tasks as children with hearing impairment and hearing aids. The group with USH1 and CI has a different performance profile on the tests of working memory, phonological skill and lexical skill than children with non-USH1 deafness using CI, on tasks of phonological working memory and phonological skill.
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Chin SB, Bergeson TR, Phan J. Speech intelligibility and prosody production in children with cochlear implants. JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION DISORDERS 2012; 45:355-66. [PMID: 22717120 PMCID: PMC3412899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of the current study was to examine the relation between speech intelligibility and prosody production in children who use cochlear implants. METHODS The Beginner's Intelligibility Test (BIT) and Prosodic Utterance Production (PUP) task were administered to 15 children who use cochlear implants and 10 children with normal hearing. Adult listeners with normal hearing judged the intelligibility of the words in the BIT sentences, identified the PUP sentences as one of four grammatical or emotional moods (i.e., declarative, interrogative, happy, or sad), and rated the PUP sentences according to how well they thought the child conveyed the designated mood. RESULTS Percent correct scores were higher for intelligibility than for prosody and higher for children with normal hearing than for children with cochlear implants. Declarative sentences were most readily identified and received the highest ratings by adult listeners; interrogative sentences were least readily identified and received the lowest ratings. Correlations between intelligibility and all mood identification and rating scores except declarative were not significant. DISCUSSION The findings suggest that the development of speech intelligibility progresses ahead of prosody in both children with cochlear implants and children with normal hearing; however, children with normal hearing still perform better than children with cochlear implants on measures of intelligibility and prosody even after accounting for hearing age. Problems with interrogative intonation may be related to more general restrictions on rising intonation, and the correlation results indicate that intelligibility and sentence intonation may be relatively dissociated at these ages. LEARNING OUTCOMES As a result of this activity, readers will be able to describe (1) methods for measuring speech intelligibility and prosody production in children with cochlear implants and children with normal hearing, (2) the differences between children with normal hearing and children with cochlear implants on measures of speech intelligibility and prosody production, and (3) the relations between speech intelligibility and prosody production in children with cochlear implants and children with normal hearing.
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WASS MALIN, IBERTSSON TINA, LYXELL BJÖRN, SAHLÉN BIRGITTA, HÄLLGREN MATHIAS, LARSBY BIRGITTA, MÄKI-TORKKO ELINA. Cognitive and linguistic skills in Swedish children with cochlear implants - measures of accuracy and latency as indicators of development. Scand J Psychol 2008; 49:559-76. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00680.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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