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Lovett A, Kwon HR, Kidia K, Machando D, Crooks M, Fricchione G, Thornicroft G, Jack HE. Mental health of people detained within the justice system in Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Ment Health Syst 2019; 13:31. [PMID: 31080500 PMCID: PMC6501291 DOI: 10.1186/s13033-019-0273-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, people with mental disorders are detained within the justice system at higher rates than the general population and often suffer human rights abuses. This review sought to understand the state of knowledge on the mental health of people detained in the justice system in Africa, including epidemiology, conditions of detention, and interventions. We included all primary research studies examining mental disorders or mental health policy related to detention within the justice system in Africa. 80 met inclusion criteria. 67% were prevalence studies and meta-analysis of these studies revealed pooled prevalence as follows: substance use 38% (95% CI 26-50%), mood disorders 22% (95% CI 16-28%), and psychotic disorders 33% (95% CI 28-37%). There were only three studies of interventions. Studies examined prisons (46%), forensic hospital settings (37%), youth institutions (13%), or the health system (4%). In 36% of studies, the majority of participants had not been convicted of a crime. Given the high heterogeneity in subpopulations identified in this review, future research should examine context and population-specific interventions for people with mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aish Lovett
- Harvard College, 28 Fernald Drive, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - Hye Rim Kwon
- Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, Camberwell, London, SE5 8AB UK
| | - Khameer Kidia
- Kushinga, 8 Collina Close, Borrowdale, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Debra Machando
- Kushinga, 8 Collina Close, Borrowdale, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Zimbabwe, 630 Churchill Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Megan Crooks
- The Ulster Hospital, Upper Newtownards Road, Dundonald, Belfast, BT16 1RH UK
| | - Gregory Fricchione
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Graham Thornicroft
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Helen E. Jack
- Kushinga, 8 Collina Close, Borrowdale, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
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Hesselink A, Dastile P. A criminological assessment on South African women who murdered their intimate male partners. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2015.1078091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anni Hesselink
- Department of Criminology and Security Science, School of Criminal Justice, College of Law, University of South Africa, South Africa
| | - Pearl Dastile
- Department of Criminology and Security Science, School of Criminal Justice, College of Law, University of South Africa, South Africa
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Pretorius G, Morgan B. Women Who Kill in Post-Apartheid South Africa: A Content Analysis of Media Reports. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2013.10820643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Pretorius G. Reflections on the Scope of Practice in the South African Profession of Psychology: A Moral Plea for Relevance and a Future Vision. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/008124631204200405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gertie Pretorius
- Centre for Psychological Services and Career Development, University of Johannesburg, South Africa
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