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Wnuk M. Spirituality, Organizational Gratefulness, and Well-Being Among Polish Workers. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024:10.1007/s10943-024-02036-1. [PMID: 38609718 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-024-02036-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The relationship between spirituality at work and occupational and subjective well-being is not a well-recognized area of research. Many studies have indicated the beneficial effects of spiritual activities on employees' flourishing, but the mechanisms of this influence are still not sufficiently explained. This study aimed to verify the proposed mechanisms that underlie employees' spirituality, stress at work, and life satisfaction, and the role of gratitude toward the organization in these relationships. It was assumed that employees' spirituality is indirectly related to stress at work via gratitude toward the organization. In turn, gratitude toward the organization is directly and indirectly related to life satisfaction through stress at work. The study encompassed 754 individuals working in different companies in Poland. In a sample of women, both spirituality dimensions were indirectly related to stress at work and life satisfaction. Among men, only the secular dimension of spirituality, such as attitude toward coworkers, was indirectly related to stress at work and life satisfaction. Gratitude toward the organization was negatively directly related to stress at work and, through this variable, indirectly positively related to life satisfaction. The benefits of employees' spirituality for their well-being were confirmed, emphasizing a grateful attitude toward the organization as a significant factor in this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Wnuk
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Marcin Wnuk, ul. Szamarzewskiego 89/AB, 60-568, Poznan, Poland.
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Wnuk M. The mechanism underlying the relationship between the spiritual struggles and life satisfaction of Polish codependent individuals participating in Al-Anon – pilot study. JOURNAL OF SPIRITUALITY IN MENTAL HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19349637.2022.2124141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Wnuk
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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Wilson A, Khumalo IP, Mpofu E. Meaning in Life Among Ghanaian University Students: Does Religious Commitment Matter? JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:2482-2499. [PMID: 34468929 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01405-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Religiosity is widespread in Africa and permeates the life of the continent's young adults in ways yet to be fully understood. It is unclear what meanings young Africans perceive with their religiosity or the pathways to experiencing meaning. Therefore, we investigated the role of religious commitment in the search for and experience of meaning among young people in Ghana. In a cross-sectional design study, 342 Ghanaian students (female = 67%; mean age = 21 years, SD = 3.25) completed the Religious Commitment Inventory and the Meaning in Life Questionnaire. Structural equation modelling (SEM) in Mplus was used to test direct and interaction effects to demonstrate the dynamic relationships among religious commitment, and the search for and the presence of meaning. While results indicated a positive association between religious commitment and presence of meaning, the search for meaning was unrelated to religious commitment or presence of meaning. The interaction between search for meaning and religious commitment did not result in a significant effect on presence of meaning. These findings suggest that in this Ghanaian sample, religious commitment played a role in determining meaningful life experience, but the search for meaning did not play a role in the experience of meaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Wilson
- Education and Skills Development Unit, Human Sciences Research Council, Cape-Town, South Africa
- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Itumeleng P Khumalo
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
| | - Elias Mpofu
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Rehabilitation and Health Services, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, US
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Szcześniak M, Potemkowski A, Brola W, Kroplewski Z, Szałachowski RR, Zak M, Wilski M, Sobolewski P, Bartosik-Psujek H, Kapica-Topczewska K, Tarasiuk J, Czarnowska A, Kułakowska A, Zakrzewska-Pniewska B, Kubicka-Bączyk K, Morawiec N, Adamczyk-Sowa M, Stępień A, Zaborski J, Ratajczak A, Ratajczak M. The Big Five Personality Traits and Positive Orientation in Polish Adults with Multiple Sclerosis: The Role of Meaning in Life. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095426. [PMID: 35564821 PMCID: PMC9099940 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Scientific achievements concerning the direct relation between personality traits and positive orientation among patients with multiple sclerosis do not explain the role of potential mediators. In fact, some researchers argue that the traits–positivity association is much more complex than it seems to be. For this reason, we made an attempt to analyze the indirect relationship between the above-mentioned variables, including meaning in life as a mediator. In total, 618 patients with MS took part in the study. The NEO Five-Factor Inventory, the Positive Orientation Scale, and the Meaning in Life Questionnaire were used. The results showed that positive orientation/the presence of meaning/searching for meaning correlated positively with extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness, and were negatively associated with neuroticism. Moreover, meaning in life in both its dimensions acted as a mediator in 9 of 10 models. It can be assumed that a propensity to establish interpersonal relationships (extraversion), use active imagination (openness), inspire confidence among others (agreeableness), and take responsibility (conscientiousness) can have an impact on someone’s positive attitude toward oneself and the surrounding world (positive orientation) when people have meaning in life and when they are seeking it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Szcześniak
- Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, 71-017 Szczecin, Poland; (A.P.); (Z.K.); (R.R.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrzej Potemkowski
- Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, 71-017 Szczecin, Poland; (A.P.); (Z.K.); (R.R.S.)
| | - Waldemar Brola
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland; (W.B.); (M.Z.); (P.S.)
| | - Zdzisław Kroplewski
- Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, 71-017 Szczecin, Poland; (A.P.); (Z.K.); (R.R.S.)
| | | | - Marek Zak
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland; (W.B.); (M.Z.); (P.S.)
| | - Maciej Wilski
- Department of Adapted Physical Activity, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Piotr Sobolewski
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland; (W.B.); (M.Z.); (P.S.)
| | - Halina Bartosik-Psujek
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Kapica-Topczewska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (K.K.-T.); (J.T.); (A.C.); (A.K.)
| | - Joanna Tarasiuk
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (K.K.-T.); (J.T.); (A.C.); (A.K.)
| | - Agata Czarnowska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (K.K.-T.); (J.T.); (A.C.); (A.K.)
| | - Alina Kułakowska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (K.K.-T.); (J.T.); (A.C.); (A.K.)
| | | | - Katarzyna Kubicka-Bączyk
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (K.K.-B.); (N.M.); (M.A.-S.)
| | - Natalia Morawiec
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (K.K.-B.); (N.M.); (M.A.-S.)
| | - Monika Adamczyk-Sowa
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (K.K.-B.); (N.M.); (M.A.-S.)
| | - Adam Stępień
- Department of Neurology, Military Institute of Medicine, 01-755 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Jacek Zaborski
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Rehabilitation and Stroke Sub-Division, Specialist Hospital in Międzylesie, 04-749 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Anna Ratajczak
- Postgraduate Study, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland;
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Webster JD, Vowinckel J, Ma X. The Meaning of Temporal Balance: Does Meaning in Life Mediate the Relationship Between a Balanced Time Perspective and Mental Health? EUROPES JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 17:119-133. [PMID: 33737978 PMCID: PMC7957847 DOI: 10.5964/ejop.2415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The construct of a Balanced Time Perspective (BTP) predicts a variety of indices of mental health and well-being. We argue that one possible intermediate link between BTP and well-being may be an individual’s sense of presence of meaning in life. Participants ranging in age from 19 to 88 years (N = 192) completed two measures of time perspective (Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory [ZTPI] and the modified Balanced Time Perspective Scale [mBTPS]), mental health, personality, and meaning in life. Correlational results showed that a BTP, mental health, and meaning in life were positively interrelated. Hierarchical regression models showed that a BTP (as measured with the mBTPS) explained additional variance in mental health beyond demographic, personality, and ZTPI scores. Mediation analyses showed that meaning served as a significant indirect link between BTP and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonte Vowinckel
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Section, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston - Clear Lake, Houston, TX, United States
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Aglozo EY, Akotia CS, Osei-Tutu A, Annor F. Spirituality and subjective well-being among Ghanaian older adults: optimism and meaning in life as mediators. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:306-315. [PMID: 31814428 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1697203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between spirituality and subjective well-being (positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction), and whether this relationship is mediated by optimism and meaning in life. METHOD Participants were 235 older adults (≥60 years) conveniently sampled from Ghanaian communities. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the direct and indirect relationships. Sobel test was also used to test specific mediating effects of optimism and meaning in life. RESULTS Spirituality was positively related with positive affect and life satisfaction, but negatively related with negative affect. The SEM results revealed that the relationship between spirituality and subjective well-being was indirect. Sobel test showed that the mediating effect of optimism was only statistically significant for negative affect but not positive affect and life satisfaction. In contrast, the mediating effect of meaning in life was statistically significant for the three components of subjective well-being. CONCLUSION The study has demonstrated that spirituality indirectly influences subjective well-being through optimism and meaning in life. It also showed the relative importance of meaning in life over optimism as a mediator. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Yao Aglozo
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | - Francis Annor
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
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Szcześniak M, Świątek AH, Cieślak M, Świdurska D. Disease Acceptance and Eudemonic Well-Being Among Adults With Physical Disabilities: The Mediator Effect of Meaning in Life. Front Psychol 2020; 11:525560. [PMID: 33192766 PMCID: PMC7643024 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.525560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The acceptance of disability is recognized as one of the most frequently mentioned factors that plays a particularly significant role in subjective well-being. However, so far, only a very small amount of research has been undertaken to clarify how and why acceptance of illness relates to eudemonic well-being. Hence, comprehension of the direct and indirect effects underlying this relationship seems essential for interventions that increase the recovery of people with impairments and enhance their quality of life. The current research was aimed at investigating the association between acceptance of illness, meaning in life, and eudemonic well-being, as well as the possible mediatory effect of meaning in life on the relationship between acceptance of illness and well-being. The sample consisted of 102 participants (71% women) aged between 20 and 64 years. The respondents had a range of different impairments (e.g., cerebral palsy, neurological disorders, spinal muscular atrophy, and sight defects). The Acceptance of Illness Scale, the Meaning in Life Questionnaire, and the Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being were used. It was confirmed that acceptance of illness correlated positively and significantly with the presence of meaning, self-acceptance, positive relations, environmental mastery, personal growth, general well-being, cohesion, flexibility, communication, and family satisfaction. The presence of meaning mediated the relationship between acceptance of illness and general well-being with its four other dimensions: self-acceptance, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and personal growth. Conversely, the search for meaning did not have any mediatory effect on this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agata H Świątek
- Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Daria Świdurska
- Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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Sonnex C, Roe CA, Roxburgh EC. Flow, Liminality, and Eudaimonia: Pagan Ritual Practice as a Gateway to a Life With Meaning. JOURNAL OF HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0022167820927577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Paganism is a term applied to a number of nature religions based on traditional indigenous practices. Paganism is practiced through rituals designed to facilitate a flow state that allows practitioners to use magic to achieve their aims. Since the introduction of Wicca to mainstream society in the 1950s, many other Pagan traditions have developed. Similarly, the number of people identifying as Pagan has also increased; in 2011, the number of people identifying as Pagan in the U.K. census reached 80,153. Despite this growth, Paganism is a topic that is underresearched in Psychology. This article uses Ryff’s theory of psychological well-being as a frame-work through which to explore the ways in which Paganism may be particularly conducive to eudemonic well-being as a result of the flow experiences inherent in its practice. This theory posits six key dimensions of eudaimonia: personal growth, self-acceptance, positive relation with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, and purpose in life. The ways in which each of these dimensions is elicited through Paganism is elucidated.
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Segami VB, Van Eeden C. Marital symbols and the marriage satisfaction and spiritual well-being of BaTswana married women. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2020.1722363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria B Segami
- Optentia Research Area, North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Chrizanne Van Eeden
- Optentia Research Area, North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
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Li PFJ, Wong YJ, Chao RCL. Happiness and meaning in life: Unique, differential, and indirect associations with mental health. COUNSELLING PSYCHOLOGY QUARTERLY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2019.1604493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. F. Jonah Li
- Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Y. Joel Wong
- Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Ruth C.-L. Chao
- Department of Counseling Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
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Hooker SA, Ross K, Masters KS, Park CL, Hale AE, Allen LA, Bekelman DB. Denver Spirited Heart: Mixed-Methods Pilot Study of a Psychospiritual Intervention for Heart Failure Patients. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2018; 32:226-235. [PMID: 27076391 PMCID: PMC5061581 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased spiritual well-being is related to quality of life (QOL) in patients with heart failure (HF). However, consistent and deliberate integration of spirituality into HF patient care has received limited attention. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary evidence regarding the efficacy of a resource-sparing psychospiritual intervention to improve QOL in HF patients. METHODS A 12-week mail-based intervention addressing spirituality, stress, coping, and adjusting to illness was developed and tested using a mixed-methods, 1-group pretest-posttest pilot study design. A convenience sample of patients with HF completed prestudy and poststudy questionnaires, including the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire, Meaning in Life Questionnaire, and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual. Research staff conducted semistructured interviews with program completers. Interviews were coded and analyzed using conventional content analysis. RESULTS Participants (N = 33; 82% male; mean age, 61 years) completed 87% of baseline data collection, an average of 9 intervention modules, and 55% of poststudy questionnaires. Participants rated all the modules as at least moderately helpful, and qualitative themes suggested that patients found the intervention acceptable and beneficial. Most participants believed spirituality should continue to be included, although they disagreed on the extent to which religion should remain. Participants who completed the intervention reported evidence suggesting increased QOL (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire; effect size [ES], 0.53), decreased depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9; ES, 0.62), and less searching for meaning (Meaning in Life Questionnaire; ES, 0.52). CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that a module-based program integrating spirituality and psychosocial coping strategies was feasible and acceptable and may improve QOL. This preliminary study suggests that clinicians be open to issues of spirituality as they may relate to QOL in patients with HF. Future research will test a revised intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Hooker
- Stephanie A. Hooker, MS, MPH PhD Candidate, Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Denver and Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Healthcare System, Denver, Colorado. Kaile Ross, MA PhD Candidate, Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Denver. Kevin S. Masters, PhD Professor and Program Director, Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Denver. Crystal L. Park, PhD Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs. Amy E. Hale, PhD Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington. Larry A. Allen, MD, MHS Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora. David B. Bekelman, MD, MPH Associate Professor of Medicine and Nursing, Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Healthcare System and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora
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