Sudhir N, Kaur M, Singh S, Beri A, Kaur T, Badaruddoza, Kaur A. Role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha -238 G>A promoter region polymorphism on recurrent miscarriage: An association study and meta-analysis.
Am J Reprod Immunol 2023;
90:e13775. [PMID:
37766403 DOI:
10.1111/aji.13775]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is defined as the loss of two or more consecutive pregnancies. A functional SNP, -238G>A in the promoter region of TNF-α, affects the gene transcription activity with implications on human pregnancy. Previous limited studies, linking the TNF-α -238 G>A to the risk of recurrent miscarriage have been inconclusive.
MATERIAL AND METHOD
The PCR-RLFP technique was used to evaluate this polymorphism in 199 RM cases and 215 control women from Amritsar, Punjab. For a meta-analysis, a total of 13 eligible studies (including the present study) comprising 2947 cases and 2933 controls were included. To evaluate the association among different genetic models, odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and chi-square were used.
RESULTS
Genotype and allelic frequency did not differ significantly between both groups (p = .07 and p = .24, respectively). In the present meta-analysis, a significant association was found with the recessive model (OR-1.78 CI:1.24-2.55, p = .002).
CONCLUSION
Although, TNF-α -238 G>A polymorphism did not provide any risk in the case-control study but provided risk towards the development of RM with the recessive genetic model in the pooled analysis.
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