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Park JM, Han YM, Hwang SJ, Kim SJ, Hahm KB. Therapeutic effects of placenta derived-, umbilical cord derived-, and adipose tissue derived-mesenchymal stem cells in chronic Helicobacter pylori infection: comparison and novel mechanisms. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2021; 69:188-202. [PMID: 34616110 PMCID: PMC8482378 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Supported with significant rejuvenating and regenerating actions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in various gastrointestinal diseases including Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-associated gastric diseases, we have compared these actions among placenta derived-MSCs (PD-MSCs), umbilical cord derived-MSCs (UC-MSCs), and adipose tissue derived-MSCs (AD-MSCs) and explored contributing genes implicated in rejuvenation of H. pylori-chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and tumorigenesis. In this study adopting H. pylori-initiated, high salt diet-promoted gastric carcinogenesis model, we have administered three kinds of MSCs around 15-18 weeks in H. pylori infected C57BL/6 mice and sacrificed at 24 and 48 weeks, respectively, in order to either assess the rejuvenating capability or anti-tumorigenesis. At 24 weeks, MSCs all led to significantly mitigated atrophic gastritis, for which significant inductions of autophagy, preservation of tumor suppressive 15-PGDH, attenuated apoptosis, and efficient efferocytosis was imposed with MSCs administration during atrophic gastritis. At 48 weeks, MSCs administered during H. pylori-associated atrophic gastritis afforded significant blocking the progression of CAG, as evidenced with statistically significant reduction in H. pylori-associated gastric tumor (p<0.05) accompanied with significant decreases in IL-1β, COX-2, STAT3, and NF-κB. Combined together with the changes of stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1), thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), and IL-10 known as biomarkers reflecting stem cell activities at 48 weeks after H. pylori, PD-MSCs among MSCs afforded the best rejuvenating action against H. pylori-associated CAG via additional actions of efferocytosis, autophagy, and anti-apoptosis at 24 weeks. In conclusion, MSCs, especially PD-MSCs, exerted rejuvenating actions against H. pylori-associated CAG via anti-mutagenesis of IL-10, CD-36, ATG5 and cancer suppressive influences of STC-1, TSP-1, and 15-PGDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Park
- College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon University, Daehak-ro 62, Dong-gu, Daejeon 34520, Korea
| | - Young Min Han
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, University-Industry Cooperate Building, 150 Bugahyeon-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03759, Korea
| | - Sun Jin Hwang
- Medpacto Research Institute, Medpacto, Myungdal-ro 92, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06668, Korea
| | - Seong Jin Kim
- Medpacto Research Institute, Medpacto, Myungdal-ro 92, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06668, Korea
| | - Ki Baik Hahm
- Medpacto Research Institute, Medpacto, Myungdal-ro 92, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06668, Korea.,CHA Cancer Preventive Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, CHA University, 330 Pangyo-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13497, Korea
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Li H, Zhu L, Chen H, Li T, Han Q, Wang S, Yao X, Feng H, Fan L, Gao S, Boyd R, Cao X, Zhu P, Li J, Keating A, Su X, Zhao RC. Generation of Functional Hepatocytes from Human Adipose-Derived MYC + KLF4 + GMNN + Stem Cells Analyzed by Single-Cell RNA-Seq Profiling. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 7:792-805. [PMID: 30272835 PMCID: PMC6216430 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell transplantation holds considerable promise for end‐stage liver diseases but identifying a suitable, transplantable cell type has been problematic. Here, we describe a novel type of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from human adipose tissue. These cells are different from previously reported MSCs, they are in the euchromatin state with epigenetic multipotency, and express pluripotent markers MYC, KLF4, and GMNN. Most of the genes associated with germ layer specification are modified by H3K4me3 or co‐modified by H3K4me3 and H3K27me3. We named this new type of MSCs as adult multipotent adipose‐derived stem cells (M‐ADSCs). Using a four‐step nonviral system, M‐ADSCs can be efficiently Induced into hepatocyte like cells with expression of hepatocyte markers, drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters, and the other basic functional properties including albumin (ALB) secretion, glycogen storage, detoxification, low‐density lipoprotein intake, and lipids accumulation. In vivo both M‐ADSCs‐derived hepatoblasts and hepatocytes could form vascularized liver‐like tissue, secrete ALB and express metabolic enzymes. Single‐cell RNA‐seq was used to investigate the important stages in this conversion. M‐ADSCs could be converted to a functionally multipotent state during the preinduction stage without undergoing reprogramming process. Our findings provide important insights into mechanisms underlying cell development and conversion. stem cells translational medicine2018;7:792–805
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No.BZO381), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No.BZO381), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tangping Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No.BZO381), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Han
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No.BZO381), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihua Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No.BZO381), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinglei Yao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No.BZO381), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Feng
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyuan Fan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No.BZO381), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaorong Gao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Richard Boyd
- Monash Immunology and Stem Cell Laboratories, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xu Cao
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ping Zhu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No.BZO381), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Armand Keating
- Cell Therapy Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, Department of Medicine, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaodong Su
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Robert Chunhua Zhao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No.BZO381), Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Zhong L, Gou J, Deng N, Shen H, He T, Zhang BQ. Three-dimensional co-culture of hepatic progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo. Microsc Res Tech 2015; 78:688-96. [PMID: 26031767 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Here we co-cultured hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to investigate whether the co-culture environments could increase hepatocytes form. METHODS Three-dimensional (3D) co-culture model of HPCs and MSCs was developed and morphological features of cells were continuously observed. Hepatocyte specific markers Pou5f1/Oct4, AFP, CK-18 and Alb were analyzed to confirm the differentiation of HPCs. The mRNA expression of CK-18 and Alb was analyzed by RT-PCR to investigate the influence of co-culture model to the terminal differentiation process of mature hepatocytes. The functional properties of hepatocyte-like cells were detected by continuously monitoring the albumin secretion using Gaussia luciferase assays. Scaffolds with HPCs and MSCs were implanted into nude mouse subcutaneously to set up the in vivo co-culture model. RESULTS Although two groups formed smooth spheroids and high expressed of CK-18 and Alb, hybrid spheroids had more regular structures and higher cell density. CK-18 and Alb mRNA were at a relatively higher expression level in co-culture system during the whole cultivation time (P < 0.05). Albumin secretion rates in the hybrid spheroids had been consistently higher than that in the mono-culture spheroids (P < 0.05). In vivo, the hepatocyte-like cells were consistent with the morphological features of mature hepatocytes and more well-differentiated hepatocyte-like cells were observed in the co-culture group. CONCLUSIONS HPCs and MSCs co-culture system is an efficient way to form well-differentiated hepatocyte-like cells, hence, may be helpful to the cell therapy of hepatic tissues and alleviate the problem of hepatocytes shortage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1st Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Juhua Gou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1st Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Nian Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1st Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1st Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Tongchuan He
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, the University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, 60637
| | - Bing-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1st Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
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Pan RL, Xiang LX, Wang P, Liu XY, Nie L, Huang W, Shao JZ. Low-molecular-weight fibroblast growth factor 2 attenuates hepatic fibrosis by epigenetic down-regulation of Delta-like1. Hepatology 2015; 61:1708-20. [PMID: 25501710 DOI: 10.1002/hep.27649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Liver fibrosis, a major cause of end-stage liver diseases, is closely regulated by multiple growth factors and cytokines. The correlation of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) with chronic liver injury has been reported, but the exact functions of different FGF2 isoforms in liver fibrogenesis remain unclear. Here, we report on the differential expression patterns and functions of low- and high-molecular-weight FGF2 (namely, FGF2(lmw) and FGF2(hmw) , respectively) in hepatic fibrogenesis using a CCl4 -induced mouse liver fibrosis model. FGF2(hmw) displayed a robust increase in CCl4 -induced hepatic fibrosis and promoted fibrogenesis. In contrast, endogenous FGF2(lmw) exhibited a slight increase in hepatic fibrosis and suppressed this pathological progression. Moreover, exogenous administration of recombinant FGF2(lmw) potently ameliorated CCl4 -induced liver fibrosis. Mechanistically, we showed that FGF2(lmw) treatment attenuated hepatic stellate cell activation and fibrosis by epigenetic down-regulation of Delta-like 1 expression through the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. CONCLUSION FGF2(lmw) and FGF2(hmw) have distinct roles in liver fibrogenesis. These findings demonstrate a potent antifibrotic effect of FGF2(lmw) administration, which may provide a novel approach to treat chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Lang Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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5
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Lee JE, Kim JM, Jang HJ, Lim SY, Choi SJ, Lee NH, Suh PG, Choi UK. Propyl gallate inhibits adipogenesis by stimulating extracellular signal-related kinases in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Cells 2015; 38:336-42. [PMID: 25813451 PMCID: PMC4400308 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2015.2238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Propyl gallate (PG) used as an additive in various foods has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Although the functional roles of PG in various cell types are well characterized, it is unknown whether PG has effect on stem cell differentiation. In this study, we demonstrated that PG could inhibit adipogenic differentiation in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) by decreasing the accumulation of intracellular lipid droplets. In addition, PG significantly reduced the expression of adipocyte-specific markers including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), CCAAT enhancer binding protein-α (C/EBP-α), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein 2 (aP2). PG inhibited adipogenesis in hAMSCs through extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. Decreased adipogenesis following PG treatment was recovered in response to ERK blocking. Taken together, these results suggest a novel effect of PG on adipocyte differentiation in hAMSCs, supporting a negative role of ERK1/2 pathway in adipogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeung-Eun Lee
- School of Nano-Bioscience and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798,
Korea
| | - Jung-Min Kim
- School of Nano-Bioscience and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798,
Korea
| | - Hyun-Jun Jang
- School of Nano-Bioscience and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798,
Korea
- Division of Molecular and Life sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang,
Korea
| | - Se-young Lim
- School of Nano-Bioscience and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798,
Korea
| | - Seon-Jeong Choi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungbuk 368-701,
Korea
| | - Nan-Hee Lee
- Department of Food Nutrition and Cook, Daegu Science University, Daegu 702-723,
Korea
| | - Pann-Ghill Suh
- School of Nano-Bioscience and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798,
Korea
| | - Ung-Kyu Choi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungbuk 368-701,
Korea
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6
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Yan Y, Zhu Y, Sun F, Zhang B, Li L, Sun Z, Li W, Qian H, Zhu W, Xu W. Extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 phosphorylation is required for hepatic differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 240:534-45. [PMID: 25576343 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214548996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the capacity to restore liver function by differentiating into hepatocyte like cells. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we have investigated the signals involved in the hepatic differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs). hUCMSCs were treated with mouse fetal liver-conditioned medium (FLCM) to induce hepatic differentiation. Flow cytometry, reverse transcription PCR, real-time PCR, immunocytochemistry, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array were used to detect the expression of MSC- and hepotocyte-specific markers in FLCM-treated hUCMSCs. Urea production and cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) activity were used as indicators to evaluate liver cell characteristics. Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was analyzed in hUCMSCs by Western blotting. Following FLCM treatment, expression of MSC-specific markers decreased, while hepatocyte-specific gene expression was increased. Urea production, albumin secretion, glycogen storage, and CYP3A4 activity were significantly enhanced in FLCM-treated cells. In addition, ERK1/2 phosphorylation was increased in a time-dependent manner through Raf/MEK/ERK pathway, and phosphorylation was sustained at a high level during hepatic induction. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation by U0126 (an ERK1/2 inhibitor) and pFLAG-CMV-ERK1(K71R) (negative mutant of ERK1) reversed the expression of liver-specific genes in hUCMSCs and affected hepatic function significantly. In summary, this work shows that ERK1/2 phosphorylation plays an important role in inducing hepatic differentiation of hUCMSCs in FLCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmin Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Feng Sun
- Clinical Laboratory of Nantong Tumour Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Limin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Zixuan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Hui Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
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He Y, Zhou JW, Xu L, Gong MJ, He TC, Bi Y. Comparison of proliferation and differentiation potential between mouse primary hepatocytes and embryonic hepatic progenitor cells in vitro. Int J Mol Med 2013; 32:476-84. [PMID: 23756629 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy may be a novel and effective treatment strategy for liver diseases, replacing liver transplantation. The potential of two alternative cell types (hepatic progenitor/stem cells and mature hepatocytes) has not yet been fully assessed; the issues of low amplification efficiency and recovery function remain to be resolved. In this study, we investigated the proliferation, differentiation and function of primary mouse mature hepatocytes and embryonic hepatic progenitor cells. Primary cells were obtained from the livers of mouse embryos at 14.5 days post coitus [hepatic progenitor 14.5d (HP14.5d) cells], as well as from the livers of 3-month-old mice [liver cells 3m (LC3m)]. Using trypan blue staining and crystal violet staining to detect cell viability, we found that compared with the limited growth capability of primary LC3m cells, primary HP14.5d cells exhibited an active cell proliferation; however, proliferative ability of passaged HP14.5d cells significantly decreased. After the HP14.5d cells were treated in hepatic induction medium, the expression of progenitor cell markers decreased and that of mature hepatic markers increased, to levels similar to those of LC3m cells. On day 12 of induction, the HP14.5d cells showed comparable indocyanine green (ICG) uptake and glycogen storage to that of the LC3m cells. Therefore, our study demonstrates that primary hepatic progenitor cells have a stronger proliferation capacity and differentiation potential, supporting their clinical application in liver cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun He
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Stem Cell Therapy Engineering Technical Center, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
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Yang Z, Liu J, Liu H, Qiu M, Liu Q, Zheng L, Pang M, Quan F, Zhang Y. Isolation and characterization of SSEA3(+) stem cells derived from goat skin fibroblasts. Cell Reprogram 2013; 15:195-205. [PMID: 23668861 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2012.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel stem cells expressing stage-specific embryonic antigen 3 (SSEA-3) reside among human dermal fibroblasts and are known as multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells. They enhance the generation efficiency of induced pluripotent stem cells. However, Muse cells have only been found in humans. We aimed to isolate SSEA3-positive cells from terminally differentiated skin fibroblasts of adult goat and determine their pluripotency. Cell clusters from SSEA3(+) populations possessed stem cell-like morphological features and normal karyotypes, were consistently positive for alkaline phosphatase, and expressed stem cell pluripotency markers. These SSEA3(+) cells remained undifferentiated over eight passages in suspension culture and were able to differentiate into cells of all three germ layers in vitro and in vivo. Our combined findings suggest that a subset of adult stem cells expressing SSEA3 also exist among adult goat skin fibroblasts. We are the first to report that multipotent adult goat cells exist among terminally differentiated goat skin in suspension culture. Our results also provide a promising platform for generation of a transgenic goat, because the undifferentiated state of stem cells was thought to be more efficient as donor cells for somatic cell nuclear transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongcai Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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9
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Modification of histone acetylation facilitates hepatic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63405. [PMID: 23658825 PMCID: PMC3642107 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The multi-potentiality of mesenchymal stem cells makes them excellent options for future tissue engineering and clinical therapy, including liver injury. In this study, we investigated the effects of valproic acid (VPA), a direct inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), on the hepatic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). The cells were found to differentiate into a more homogeneous hepatocyte-like population when pretreated with 5 mM VPA for 72 h. The expression of liver-specific markers was significantly upregulated in the VPA-treated group at the mRNA and protein levels. VPA treatment also significantly enhanced the hepatic functions of the differentiated cells, including glycogen storage, cytochrome P450 activity, AFP and ALB synthesis, and urea production. Further analysis showed that treatment with 5 mM of VPA for 72 h greatly improved the histones H3 and H4 acetylation. These results demonstrated that VPA could considerably improve the hepatic differentiation of human BMMSCs, probably because the chromatin-acetylated state changes upon VPA treatment through its HDAC inhibitory effect. Thus, this study provides a direct research model for producing human hepatocytes for clinical purposes.
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10
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Chlorogenic acid promotes osteoblastogenesis in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Food Sci Biotechnol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-013-0055-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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11
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Bin HS, Choi UK. Myricetin inhibits adipogenesis in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Food Sci Biotechnol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-012-0183-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Zhou WL, Medine CN, Zhu L, Hay DC. Stem cell differentiation and human liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:2018-25. [PMID: 22563188 PMCID: PMC3342599 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human stem cells are scalable cell populations capable of cellular differentiation. This makes them a very attractive in vitro cellular resource and in theory provides unlimited amounts of primary cells. Such an approach has the potential to improve our understanding of human biology and treating disease. In the future it may be possible to deploy novel stem cell-based approaches to treat human liver diseases. In recent years, efficient hepatic differentiation from human stem cells has been achieved by several research groups including our own. In this review we provide an overview of the field and discuss the future potential and limitations of stem cell technology.
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13
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Kuzma-Kuzniarska M, Rak-Raszewska A, Kenny S, Edgar D, Wilm B, Fuente Mora C, Davies JA, Murray P. Integration potential of mouse and human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Differentiation 2011; 83:128-37. [PMID: 22364880 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2011.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a multipotent cell population which has been described to exert renoprotective and regenerative effects in experimental models of kidney injury. Several lines of evidence indicate that MSCs also have the ability to contribute to nephrogenesis, suggesting that the cells can be employed in stem cell-based applications aimed at de novo renal tissue generation. In this study we re-evaluate the capacity of mouse and human bone marrow-derived MSCs to contribute to the development of renal tissue using a novel method of embryonic kidney culture. Although MSCs show expression of some genes involved in renal development, their contribution to nephrogenesis is very limited in comparison to other stem cell types tested. Furthermore, we found that both mouse and human MSCs have a detrimental effect on the ex vivo development of mouse embryonic kidney, this effect being mediated through a paracrine action. Stimulation with conditioned medium from a mouse renal progenitor population increases the ability of mouse MSCs to integrate into developing renal tissue and prevents the negative effects on kidney development, but does not appear to enhance their ability to undergo nephrogenesis.
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Sa-ngiamsuntorn K, Wongkajornsilp A, Kasetsinsombat K, Duangsa-ard S, Nuntakarn L, Borwornpinyo S, Akarasereenont P, Limsrichamrern S, Hongeng S. Upregulation of CYP 450s expression of immortalized hepatocyte-like cells derived from mesenchymal stem cells by enzyme inducers. BMC Biotechnol 2011; 11:89. [PMID: 21961524 PMCID: PMC3198927 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-11-89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The strenuous procurement of cultured human hepatocytes and their short lives have constrained the cell culture model of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) induction, xenobiotic biotransformation, and hepatotoxicity. The development of continuous non-tumorous cell line steadily containing hepatocyte phenotypes would substitute the primary hepatocytes for these studies. RESULTS The hepatocyte-like cells have been developed from hTERT plus Bmi-1-immortalized human mesenchymal stem cells to substitute the primary hepatocytes. The hepatocyte-like cells had polygonal morphology and steadily produced albumin, glycogen, urea and UGT1A1 beyond 6 months while maintaining proliferative capacity. Although these hepatocyte-like cells had low basal expression of CYP450 isotypes, their expressions could be extensively up regulated to 80 folds upon the exposure to enzyme inducers. Their inducibility outperformed the classical HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION The hepatocyte-like cells contained the markers of hepatocytes including CYP450 isotypes. The high inducibility of CYP450 transcripts could serve as a sensitive model for profiling xenobiotic-induced expression of CYP450.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanit Sa-ngiamsuntorn
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Prannok Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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15
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Song JS, Cho HH, Lee BJ, Bae YC, Jung JS. Role of thioredoxin 1 and thioredoxin 2 on proliferation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2011; 20:1529-37. [PMID: 21158569 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2010.0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin (TRX) is a ubiquitous redox protein that is involved in numerous biological functions, including the first unique step in DNA synthesis. TRX provides control over a number of transcription factors affecting cell proliferation and death through a mechanism referred to as redox regulation. In mammals, there are at least 3 members of the TRX family: TRX1, TRX2, and sperm TRX. To investigate the role of TRX1 and TRX2 in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSC), we modulated TRX1 and TRX2 expressions in hADSC using a lentiviral gene transfer system and small interfering RNA technique. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed the changes in expression of TRX1 and TRX2 in lentivirus-transduced or small interfering RNA-transfected cells. Although overexpression of TRX1 and TRX2 did not affect the differentiation of hADSC into adipogenic and osteogenic lineages, it increased the proliferation of hADSC compared with control lentivirus-transduced cells, decreased reactive oxygen species production, and inhibited oxidant-induced cell death. Downregulation of TRX1 and TRX2 inhibited cell proliferation. The treatment of U0126 blocked TRX-induced increase in cell proliferation. Overexpression of TRX1 and TRX2 increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation, nuclear factor-kappaB activation, and β-catenin/Tcf promoter activities and inhibited lucine zipper tumor suppressor 2 expression. On the contrary, downregulation of TRX1 and TRX2 expression induced inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation, nuclear factor-kappaB activation, and β-catenin/Tcf promoter activities and increased lucine zipper tumor suppressor 2 expression. Activation of Wnt signal increased ERK1/2 activities in hADSC. These results indicated that TRX1 and TRX2 regulate the proliferation and survival of hADSC; these processes are mediated by the activation of ERK1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Sun Song
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
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Pan RL, Wang P, Xiang LX, Shao JZ. Delta-like 1 serves as a new target and contributor to liver fibrosis down-regulated by mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:12340-8. [PMID: 21239501 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.194498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver injury always progresses to fibrosis and eventually to cirrhosis, a massive health care burden worldwide. Delta-like 1 (Dlk1) is well known as an inhibitor of adipocyte differentiation. However, whether it is involved in liver fibrosis remains unclear. Here, we provide the first evidence that Dlk1 is a critical contributor to liver fibrosis through promoting activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) during chronic liver injury. We found that upon liver injury, Dlk1 was dramatically induced and initially expressed in hepatocytes and then into the HSCs by a paracrine manner. It leads to the activation of HSCs, which is considered to be a pivotal event in liver fibrogenesis. Two forms (∼50 and ∼25 kDa) of the Dlk1 protein were detected by Western blot analysis. In vitro administration of Dlk1 significantly promoted HSC activation, whereas in vivo knockdown of Dlk1 dramatically inhibited HSC activation and the subsequent fibrosis. The large soluble form (∼50 kDa) of Dlk1 was shown to contribute to HSC activation. We were encouraged to find the Dlk1-promoted HSC activation and liver fibrosis can be depressed by transplantation of bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). Furthermore, we demonstrated that FGF2 was up-regulated in BM-MSCs under injury stimulation, and it probably participated in the inhibition of Dlk1 by BM-MSCs. Our findings provide a novel role of Dlk1 in liver fibrosis leading to a better understanding of the molecular basis in fibrosis and cirrhosis and also give insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of MSC biology in liver repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Lang Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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17
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Ruiz JC, Ludlow JW, Sherwood S, Yu G, Wu X, Gimble JM. Differentiated human adipose-derived stem cells exhibit hepatogenic capability in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Physiol 2010; 225:429-36. [PMID: 20458738 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The availability of suitable human livers for transplantation falls short of the number of potential patients. In addition, the availability of primary human hepatocytes for cell-therapy and drug development applications is significantly limited; less than 700 livers per year are available for such studies. However, the majority of these organs cannot be utilized due to pathological infections (e.g., HepB, HepC, or HIV) or excessive levels of steatosis. Thus, the number of cells needed for cell therapy applications far exceeds the number of cells available from donated livers. The ability to implant progenitor cell populations that can form liver tissue in situ, or can be differentiated in vitro would be a major advance in current cell-based therapies. In addition, and importantly for this application, the ability to utilize a non-hepatic progenitor cell to mimic hepatocytes in vitro would enable the scale-up production of cells for bioartifical liver assist devices, cell-therapy and drug discovery applications. We demonstrate the feasibility of inducing adipose-derived stromal (ASC) cells to express several features of human hepatocytes such as glycogen storage and expression of liver specific genes. Importantly, we also show that undifferentiated ASCs and ASC-derived hepatic cells engraft robustly into the liver in a mouse model of toxic injury. These data indicate a significant potential for the use of undifferentiated ASCs and ASC-derived hepatic cells as novel and valuable products for cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C Ruiz
- Vesta Therapeutics, Inc, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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18
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Dong XJ, Zhang H, Pan RL, Xiang LX, Shao JZ. Identification of cytokines involved in hepatic differentiation of mBM-MSCs under liver-injury conditions. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16:3267-78. [PMID: 20614482 PMCID: PMC2900718 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i26.3267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To identify the key cytokines involved in hepatic differentiation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mBM-MSCs) under liver-injury conditions.
METHODS: Abdominal injection of CCl4 was adopted to duplicate a mouse acute liver injury model. Global gene expression analysis was performed to evaluate the potential genes involved in hepatic commitment under liver-injury conditions. The cytokines involved in hepatic differentiation of mBM-MSCs was functionally examined by depletion experiment using specific antibodies, followed by rescue experiment and direct inducing assay. The hepatic differentiation was characterized by the expression of hepatic lineage genes and proteins, as well as functional features.
RESULTS: Cytokines potentially participating in hepatic fate commitment under liver-injury conditions were initially measured by microarray. Among the up-regulated genes determined, 18 cytokines known to closely relate to liver growth, repair and development, were selected for further identification. The fibroblast growth factor-4 (FGF-4), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and oncostatin M (OSM) were finally found to be involved in hepatic differentiation of mBM-MSCs under liver-injury conditions. Hepatic differentiation could be dramatically decreased after removing FGF-4, HGF and OSM from the liver-injury conditioned medium, and could be rescued by supplementing these cytokines. The FGF-4, HGF and OSM play different roles in the hepatic differentiation of mBM-MSCs, in which FGF-4 and HGF are essential for the initiation of hepatic differentiation, while OSM is critical for the maturation of hepatocytes.
CONCLUSION: FGF-4, HGF and OSM are the key cytokines involved in the liver-injury conditioned medium for the hepatic differentiation of mBM-MSCs.
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Almeida-Porada G, Zanjani ED, Porada CD. Bone marrow stem cells and liver regeneration. Exp Hematol 2010; 38:574-80. [PMID: 20417684 PMCID: PMC2882990 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2010.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Revised: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Development of new approaches to treat patients with hepatic diseases that can eliminate the need for liver transplantation is imperative. Use of cell therapy as a means of repopulating the liver has several advantages over whole-organ transplantation because it would be less invasive, less immunogenic, and would allow the use, in some instances, of autologous-derived cells. Stem/progenitor cells that would be ideal for liver repopulation would need to have characteristics such as availability and ease of isolation, the ability to be expanded in vitro, ensuring adequate numbers of cells, susceptibility to modification by viral vector transduction/genetic recombination, to correct any underlying genetic defects, and the ability of restoring liver function following transplantation. Bone marrow-derived stem cells, such as hematopoietic, mesenchymal and endothelial progenitor cells possess some or most of these characteristics, making them ideal candidates for liver regenerative therapies. Here, we will summarize the ability of each of these stem cell populations to give rise to functional hepatic elements that could mediate repair in patients with liver damage/disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graça Almeida-Porada
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557-0104, USA.
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Kuroda Y, Kitada M, Wakao S, Nishikawa K, Tanimura Y, Makinoshima H, Goda M, Akashi H, Inutsuka A, Niwa A, Shigemoto T, Nabeshima Y, Nakahata T, Nabeshima YI, Fujiyoshi Y, Dezawa M. Unique multipotent cells in adult human mesenchymal cell populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:8639-43. [PMID: 20421459 PMCID: PMC2889306 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0911647107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We found adult human stem cells that can generate, from a single cell, cells with the characteristics of the three germ layers. The cells are stress-tolerant and can be isolated from cultured skin fibroblasts or bone marrow stromal cells, or directly from bone marrow aspirates. These cells can self-renew; form characteristic cell clusters in suspension culture that express a set of genes associated with pluripotency; and can differentiate into endodermal, ectodermal, and mesodermal cells both in vitro and in vivo. When transplanted into immunodeficient mice by local or i.v. injection, the cells integrated into damaged skin, muscle, or liver and differentiated into cytokeratin 14-, dystrophin-, or albumin-positive cells in the respective tissues. Furthermore, they can be efficiently isolated as SSEA-3(+) cells. Unlike authentic ES cells, their proliferation activity is not very high and they do not form teratomas in immunodeficient mouse testes. Thus, nontumorigenic stem cells with the ability to generate the multiple cell types of the three germ layers can be obtained through easily accessible adult human mesenchymal cells without introducing exogenous genes. These unique cells will be beneficial for cell-based therapy and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasumasa Kuroda
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kitada
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shohei Wakao
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kouki Nishikawa
- Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Tanimura
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hideki Makinoshima
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Makoto Goda
- Japan Biological Informatics Consortium (Kyoto Branch Office), Oiwake, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hideo Akashi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ayumu Inutsuka
- Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Niwa
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Taeko Shigemoto
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yoko Nabeshima
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; and
| | - Tatsutoshi Nakahata
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yo-ichi Nabeshima
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; and
| | - Yoshinori Fujiyoshi
- Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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